DATE – 6/11/24
EXPERIMENT NO. 06
PAGE NO.
AIM: To test for glucose sucrose, starch, proteins, fats, and to show their presence in suitable plant and animal materials
(eg. Wheat, potato, ground nut, milk, or other suitable materials).
REQUIREMENTS: Wheat grain, potato, groundnut, milk, egg, grapes/banana/sugar beet, filter paper, test tubes, funnel,
beaker, test tube holder, burner, Benedict’s solution, Fehling’s solutions, Biuret reagent, Millon’s reagent, Sudan III,
NaOH, HCl, and HNO3 etc.
PROCEDURE: Soak the wheat grains, groundnut, or any other seeds and grains of rice. Grind them separately and make
their paste. Similarly make the paste of potato, sugar beet, fruit and egg albumin separately. Filter the contents of all
these in separate test tubes and label them. Use these filtrates for testing different organic compounds.
1 Test for Carbohydrates:
SN TEST OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Test for Glucose - A green ppt. appears in the solution, Green ppt shows presence
1.Benedict’s Test which may later turn orange on brick of glucose in lesser
Take 2ml of fruit juice Take 2ml of red in color. concentration, orange or
fruit juice in a test tube. Add 2ml of red ppt. indicate its
Benedict’s solution to It. Boil the presence in higher conc.
test tube for 2 min. and cool.
2. Take 2ml of fruit juice in a test
tube. Add 2ml solution each of Orange or brick red ppt appears in the Shows the presence of
Fehling A and Fehling B in it and test tube. glucose.
boil.
Test for Sucrose-
Take 2ml of beet root juice/ sugar Orange or brick red ppt. is observed in Positive test with
cane juice. Add a few drops of HCl the test tube. Benedict’s solution shows
and boil the test tube gently for presence of Sucrose in the
one or two min. make the solution juice.
alkaline with NaOH. Now perform
Benedict’s or Fehling’s test with
this solution for the presence of
glucose.
2
Test for Starch-
1.Iodine Test:
Take 2ml extract(potato/gram/rice) Blue black color is observed. Shows the presence of
in a test tube and add a few drops starch.
of iodine solution to it.
2. Benedict’s / Fehling’s Test after
hydrolysis- Orange or brick red ppt is observed in Positive test with
Take 2ml of extract and hydrolyze it the test tube. Benedict’s solution shows
by boiling with a few drops of HCl. presence of Starch in the
Make the solution alkaline with juice.
NaOH and perform Benedict’s
/Fehling’s test for the presence of
starch.
3 Test for Proteins-
1)Biuret Test:
Take 3 ml of 5% NaOH in a test Pink, red or violet color is observed Shows the presence of
tube. To this add 2 drops of 1% proteins.
CuSO4. Shake it thoroughly. Now in
a second tube take 2ml of the
extract and add a few drops of
above solution (million’s reagent)
and boil.
2) Xanthoproteic Test:
(i)Take 2ml of the extract in a test Yellow ppt is observed. Confirms the presence of
tube and add 2-3 drops of conc. protein.
HNO3 to it.
(ii) cool the solution, dilute it with
water and add a few drops of Yellow ppt change to orange in color. Indicates the presence of
ammonia solution slowly to the protein.
solution.
4 Test for Fats
(i)Take 1ml of extract (pea
nut/caster seed/sunflower seed) in Paper become translucent at the spot. Indicates the presence of
a test tube. Add 1mlof fat.
chloroform /ether and shake the
solution vigorously. Dip a glass rod
in the solution and put its spot on a
piece of white paper.
(ii) Crash peanut /caster seed and A translucent spot appears on the Indicates the presence of
rub it on a piece of white paper. paper. fat.
(iii)Take 2ml of the extract in a test
tube and add 1ml of Sudan III to it. Pink droplets appear in the solution. Shows the presence of fat.
