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Tae into) Geometry”

Getting Ready for

High-Stakes Assessment
ome
me
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HMH ()Geometry
Getting Ready
for High-Stakes
Assessment
Copyright © by Houghton Mifilin Harcourt Publishing Company
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 Contents

Preparing for High-Stakes Assessments P1

Transformations and Congruence

Experiment with transformations in the plane.
The student will know precise definitions of geometric terms that are based on
undefined notions.
The student will represent, describe, and compare transformations that do and
do not preserve measurement.
The student will describe the rotations and reflections that carry a special
quadrilateral or regular polygon onto itself.
The student will develop transformations in terms of angles, circles,
perpendicular and parallel lines, and line segments.
The student will draw a transformed figure and specify the transformations that
' will carry a given figure onto another.

Understand congruence in terms of rigid motions.

The student will use rigid motions to transform figures and the definition of 11
congruence to decide if they are congruent.
The student will use the definition of congruence in terms of rigid motions to 13
show that two triangles are congruent.
The student will explain how ASA, SAS, and SSS follow from the definition of 15
congruence in terms of rigid motions.

Proof and Constructions

Prove geometric theorems.

The student will prove theorems about lines and angles. 17
The student will prove congruence theorems about triangles. 19
The student will prove theorems about parallelograms. 21

Make geometric constructions.

The student will make formal geometric constructions with a variety of tools and 23
methods.
The student will construct an equilateral triangle, a square, and a regular 25
hexagon inscribed ina circle.

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Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment iii Geometry
Similarity and Trigonometry
Understand similarity in terms of similarity transformations.
The student will verify the effect of a dilation on lines passing through, and not 27
passing through, its center.
The student will verify that the dilation of a line segment is longer or shorter in . 29
the ratio given by the scale factor.
The student will use similarity transformations to determine similarity and 31
-explain the meaning of similarity for triangles.
The student will use similarity transformations to establish the AA criterion for 33
two triangles to be similar.

Prove theorems involving similarity.

‘The student will prove similarity theorems about triangles. 35
The student will use congruence and similarity criteria for triangles to solve 37
problems and to prove relationships.

Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles.

The student will understand that side ratios in right triangles are properties of the 39
angles, leading to trigonometric ratios.
The student will explain and use the relationship between the sine and cosine of a4
complementary angles.
The student will use trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean Theorem to solve 43
right triangles in problems.

Apply trigonometry to general triangles.

The student will derive the formula A = zab sin(C) for the area of a triangle.
45

The student will prove the Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines and use them to 47
solve problems.
The student will apply the Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines to find unknown 49
measurements in triangles.

Circles

Understand and apply theorems about circles.

The student will prove that all circles are similar. 51
The student will identify and describe relationships among inscribed angles, 53
radii, and chords.
The student will inscribe/circumscribe circles of a triangle, and prove angle 95
properties for an inscribed quadrilateral.
The student will construct a tangent line from a point outside a given circle to 57
the circle.

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Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment. iv Geometry
Find arc lengths and areas of sectors of circles.
The student will derive that an intercepted arc length is proportional to the 39
radius, define radian, and derive sector area.

Coordinate Geometry
Translate between the geometric description and the equation
for a conic section.
The student will find the equation of a circle of given center and radius, and find 61
the center and radius of a given circle.
The student will derive the equation of a parabola given a focus and directrix. 63

Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems

algebraically.
The student will use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems 65
algebraically.
_ The student will prove the slope criteria for parallel and perpendicular lines and 67
use them to solve problems. :
The student will find the point on a segment between two given points that 69
partitions the segment in a given ratio.
The student will use coordinates to compute perimeters of polygons and areas 71
of triangles and rectangles.

Three-Dimensional Figures and Modeling

Explain volume formulas and use them to solve problems.
The student will give informal arguments for the area and circumference of a 73
circle, and various volume formulas.
The student will use volume formulas for cylinders, pyramids, cones, and 75
spheres to solve problems.

Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and

three-dimensional objects.
The student will identify the shapes of cross-sections, and identify three- 77
dimensional objects generated by rotations.

Apply geometric concepts in modeling situations.

The student will use geometric shapes, their measures, and their properties to 79
describe objects.
The student will apply concepts of density based on area and volume in 81
modeling situations.
The student will apply geometric methods to solve design problems. 83

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Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Vv Geometry
 Probability
Understand independence and conditional probability and use
them to interpret data.
The student will describe events as subsets of a sample space, or as unions, 85
intersections, or complements.
The student will understand the definition of independent events and determine 87
if events are independent.
The student will understand conditional probability, and use it to interpret the 89
independence of events A and B.
The student will construct and interpret two-way frequency tables and use them
to decide if events are independent.
The student will recognize and explain the concepts of conditional probability 93
and independence.

Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound

events in a uniform probability model.
The student will find the conditional probability of A given B as the fraction of B’s 95
outcomes that also belong to A.
The student will apply the Addition Rule of Probability, and interpret the answer. 97
| The student will apply the Multiplication Rule of Probability, and interpret the 99
answer.
The student will use permutations and combinations to compute probabilities 101
and solve problems.

Use probability to evaluate outcomes of decisions.

The student will use probability to make fair decisions. 103
The student will analyze decisions and strategies using probability concepts. 105

Some of the items in the practice tests listed in the Contents also involve one or
more of the following math processes and practices.

Math Processes.and Practices

MPP1_ Problem Solving
MPP2 Abstract and Quantitative Reasoning
MPP3_ Using and Evaluating Logical Reasoning
MPP4 Mathematical Modeling
MPP5 Using Mathematical Tools
-MPP6 = Using Precise Mathematical Language
MPP7 Seeing Structure .
MPP8_ Generalizing

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment vi Geometry
Preparing for High-Stakes Assessments
Your school district or state department of education may require you to
take a test that is used to make important decisions, such as which
students are eligible for a high school diploma or which teachers are rated
as effective. Such tests are commonly called high-stakes assessments.
This Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment book provides
opportunities to prepare for such tests based on what you learn in the math
course you're taking. The following tables describe the types of
assessment items in this book. Because you may be required to take a test
online, the tables also explain how your online experience may differ from
the way you complete the practice items in this book.
Each practice test consists of two broad categories of items: selected
response and constructed response. Selected response items require you
to make one or more choices from a group of options. Constructed
response items require you to produce an answer on your own.

Type of item in Getting Ready for What Your Online Experience

High-Stakes Assessment May Be Like
Multiple Choice (a type of selected On a practice test in this book, you would fill
response): You select the only correct in the oval containing the letter of the
answer from a list of answer choices. answer choice you select. For an online
test, you would likely be presented with
Example: small circles (sometimes called “radio
buttons”). Clicking on one of the circles
Select the correct answer. causes the circle to be filled in.
1. What does the imaginary number /
represent?
CA) -1
® vi
©i
® Ai

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P1 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
 Type of Item in Getting Ready for’ What Your Online Experience
High-Stakes Assessment May Be Like
Inline Multiple Choice (a type of selected |On a practice test in this book, you would
response): This is a variation of Multiple circle the answer choice that makes a true
Choice. Here, you make your selection from | statement. For an online test, you would
a list that appears within a sentence. likely be presented with a drop-down menu
labeled “Choose...” or “Select One.”
Examples: Clicking on the menu displays alist of
answer choices. You would then click on
1. Circle the ordered pair that makes a true the answer choice you want to select.
statement.
AABC is shown below. Suppose the
triangle is translated 5 units to the right
and 7 units down. The coordinates of the
image of vertex C after this

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

A ig I eh De eA as RR UN TT Tanne ree
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment P2 Geometry
 Type of Item in Getting Ready for What Your Online Experience
High-Stakes Assessment May Be Like
Multiple Response (a type of selected On a practice test in this book, you would
response): You select all correct answers make selections by filling in ovals or circling
from a list of possible answers. answer choices. For an online test, you
might be presented with “hot spots.” The
Examples: “hot spots” are boxes containing answer
choices that light up when you click on
Select all correct answers. them. Alternatively, each answer choice
3. Consider the directed line segment from might have a small square next to it.
M(-3, 1) to N(3, 4). Determine which of Clicking the squares causes check marks to
the following statements are true. appear in them to indicate that you have
® The point P(1, 3) partitions the selected those answer choices.
segment in the ratio 2 to 1.
The point Q(-1, 2) partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 2.
©) The point R(0, 2.5) partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 2.
@® The point S(0, 2.5) partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 1.
(© The point T(-1, 4.5) partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 1.

4. Circle each expression that is equal to

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Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
P3 Geometry
 What Your
Type of Item in Getting Ready for — _ Online
High-Stakes Assessment Experience
May Be Like
Categorization (a type of selected response): You assign given objects On a practice
to categories by making a series of Yes/No, True/False, or Category A/ test in this
Category B choices. Sometimes there may be more than two book, you
categories, such as True/False/Cannot Be Determined. would put a
check mark in
Examples: the appropriate
column for the
4. Consider the function f(x)
=2x? +4x-30. Indicate whether given object in
each statement is true of false by putting a check mark in the each row of a
appropriate column of the table.
table. For an
online test,
The vertex of the graph is (1, —32). each cell of the
The zeros are 3 and -5. table might
The graph opens down. have a small
The axis of symmetry is x = —1. square that
The y-intercept is —30. displays a

check mark
when you click
5. Indicate whether each of the following is rational or irrational by putting a check mark in the on it.
appropriate column of the table. Alternatively

Rational Irrational
each cell might
ey Ee have a small
@ product o an circle that fills
f(x)=x? +2 evaluated at x = V7 in when you
The sum of 10 and 16 click on it.
f(r)=zr? evaluated at r =3

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a a ee
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment P4 : Geometry
 ; ‘ What Your
Type of Item in Getting Ready for Online
High-Stakes Assessment Experience
, May Be Like
Matching (a type of selected response): You match an answer choice with On a practice
each given object. test in this
book, you~
Examples: would write
either the letter
of an answer
Match each equation with the description of the circle it represents. choice or the
___ 4. (x - 4)? + (y- 5)? =4 A center: (-7, 2); radius 3 answer choice
center: (-7, —2); radius 3 itself next to
ete 5. (x a 7) ri (y cs 2\ =Q9
each given
6. x -10x+¥ - By =-39 center: (-2, 7); radius 3 object. For an
7. 4+ 8x+y + 10y =-25 center: (2, —7); radius V3 online test, you
aaeat: might use drag
8. xX es
-4x+y+ 14y pe =-50 center: (—4, —5); —5); radius
enter: (—4, radius 4 and drop to
center: (4, 5); radius 2 move an
center: (5, 4); radius /2 answer choice
next to each
center: (5, 4); radius ai
given object.
Alternatively,
you might click
Match each number with its equivalent on both a given-
form. object and an
Using the list of numbers at the right, write answer choice
the equivalent form of each given number. to link them as
a match.

“tr

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment P5 Geometry

 Type of Item in Getting Ready for What Your Online Experience
High-Stakes Assessment May Be Like
Numerical/Algebraic Response (a type of On a practice test in this book, you write
constructed response): You produce a your answer, and you may be asked to
numerical or algebraic answer. show your work, explain your reasoning, or
draw a conclusion from your answer. For an
Example: online test, you would likely be presented
with an input box where you type your
11. a. Find sin A in the triangle below. answer. If the answer requires the use of
A mathematical symbols or formatting not
available on a computer keyboard, the input
box would be accompanied by a palette of
symbols and formatting templates that you
can use as you type your answer. For a
simple input box, you would type just the
answer and not show work, explain
reasoning, or draw a conclusion.

b. Write a different trigonometric ratio

with the same value as sin A.

4. Find the inverse of f(x) = aux £45.

Show your work.

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Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment P6 Geometry
 Type of Item in Getting Ready for What Your Online Experience
High-Stakes Assessment May Be Like
Graphical Response (a type of constructed | On a practice test in this book, you draw by
response): You create some type of hand using the provided number line,
drawing, such as a function’s graph, a data coordinate plane, or starting figure. For an
display, or a geometric figure. online test, there are a variety of ways to
create drawings depending on the type of
Examples: drawing:

5. Julius is flying home to Los Angeles from

Boston. His distance away from home in * For graphs that consist of isolated
miles d can be expressed in terms of t points on a number line or coordinate
hours by the equation d = 2600 — 500¢. plane, you might plot the points simply
Graph Julius’s distance away from home
by clicking on the number line or
in miles d after thours, choosing
appropriate scales. coordinate plane.
For more sophisticated graphs, you
might use drawing tools, such as a line-
drawing tool that requires you to click on
two points in a coordinate plane, with
the tool automatically drawing the line
through those points.
For geometric figures such as polygons,
you might use a connect-consecutive-
points tool that automatically draws a
line segment between the last point
clicked and the next point clicked.
For bar graphs and histograms, you
. The data below are the average annual might be given bars with, say, a height
starting salaries (in thousands of dollars) of 1, and you adjust the height of a bar
of 20 randomly selected college by clicking on the top of the bar and
graduates. Make a dot plot of the data
dragging either up or down.
values.
42 37 40 37 45 39 43 47 36
34 40 43 42 40 37 44 36 46
39°35

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Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment P7 Geometry
 Type of Item in Getting Ready for What Your Online Experience
High-Stakes Assessment May Be Like
Extended Response/Performance Task On a practice test in this book, you write
(a type of constructed response): You solve your answers to lettered parts of a problem,
a multistep problem. and in at least one of the parts you are
Examples: asked to show your work, explain your
reasoning, or draw conclusions from your
8. A picture frame hangs on a wall as answers. For an online test, you would
shown. The wall is 22 feet wide and likely be presented with one or more large
9 feet high. The square picture is 6 feet response boxes. A response box allows to
wide and its left corner is 2 feet to the
you type lengthy answers and may come
right of the centerline of the wall.
with options for formatting text and inserting
mathematical symbols.

a. Suppose the lower-left corner of the

wall is (0, 0) and the centerline of the
wall is the line x = 11. Give the
coordinates of the corners of the
picture frame.

. You want to locate a congruent

picture frame on the left so that the
two picture frames will be symmetric
across the centerline of the wall.
What transformation can you apply to
the first picture frame to locate the
second picture frame?

: Give the coordinates of the corners

of the second picture frame.

. Describe a transformation rule using

coordinate notation for a reflection
across x = 11, the centerline of the
wall. Explain how you find the
transformation rule and confirm it by
showing how the rule affects the four
corners of the first picture frame.
OV) > (2,7)

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment P8 5; Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will know precise definitions of geometric terms

that are based on undefined notions.
SELECTED RESPONSE 3. In the figure below, identify two line
Select the correct answer. segments that are portions of a pair of
1. What is a major difference between lines that appear to be parallel.
parallel lines and perpendicular lines?
(@ Parallel lines intersect at either obtuse
or acute angles, and perpendicular
lines intersect at right angles.
Parallel lines intersect, and
perpendicular lines do not intersect.
©) Parallel lines do not intersect, and
perpendicular lines intersect. pra ae ee Petes
©) Parallel lines intersect at right angles, (A AB and FA ©) BG and JC
and perpendicular lines intersect at BG and KF @> JC and HD
either obtuse or acute angles.
Select all correct answers.
2. What is the name of the angle formed by 4. Circle all appropriate ways to refer to the
rays QR and QP? What is the common figure formed by points Y and Z and all
endpoint for this angle? the points between Yand Z.
| Segment YZ. YZ
YZ. Ray YZ
YZ LY
Line YZ ZY:

C@ ZROP;Q © ZQRP;R
ZSQT, Q .24@).ZOQRP; P

Match each term with its definition.

5. perpendicular lines | A A portion of a line consisting of two points and all points
between them.
ee B Aconnected straight path. It has no thickness and it
____ 7. line segment continues forever in both directions.
____ 8. parallel lines C A figure formed by two rays with the same endpoint.
Sais D A portion of a line that starts at a point and continues
—_ forever in one direction.
E Lines that intersect at right angles.
F A specific location. It has no dimension and is represented
by a dot.
G The set of all points in a plane that are a fixed distance
from a point called the center.
H Lines that lie in the same plane and do not intersect.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishin g Company ARans aapict la at a

Nee ence ee pc eeromantaieaa ake atc
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 1 Geometry
Name ; Date.) ceei ai tn eeay palo

) 11. Identify all pairs of lines in the figure

PONS RUGTED RES er below that appear to be perpendicular.
10. In the figure below, point C is the center
of the circle and AC = 6. Find the lengths : : ‘
of FC and BD. Explain how you found
your answers.
A
B

D m

12. When the endpoints of a circular arc are connected to the center of the circle that the arc is
part of, a central angle is formed. The measure of the angle can be related to the distance
around the associated arc. For example, if the endpoints of a half-circle are connected to
the center of the circle, a central angle with measure 180° is formed.
a. Complete the table for various fractions of a circle circumference.

Portion of al Ft 1 1 1
circumference 2 3 4 ae 6
Measure of .

b. Complete the following conjecture: The measure of the central angle associated with
ec
an arc that is 5 of the circumference of a circle is degrees.

c. Generalize the conjecture to give an expression for the measure of the central angle
associated with an arc that is = of the circumference of a circle. Use the

generalization to find the angle measures associated with at least two fractions of a
circle and explain how the results make sense.

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Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 2 Geometry
Name Date Class
The student will represent, describe, and compare
transformations that do and do not preserve measurement.
SELECTED RESPONSE 2. Which coordinate notation correctly
Select the correct answer. describes a transformation that maps the
black triangle to the gray triangle?
1. Circle the ordered pair that makes a true
statement.
AABC is shown below. Suppose the
triangle is translated 5 units to the right
and 7 units down. The coordinates of the
image of vertex C after this

(A The rotation (x, y) > (-x,-y)

The translation (x, y) > (x +6, y -2)
©) The rotation (x, y) > (-y, - x)
@) The translation (x, y) > (x +4, y -8)

Select all correct answers.

3. Which of these transformations preserve
distance and angle measure?
(A Translations ©) Dilations
Reflections @ Rotations

Match each description of a transformation with the corresponding

coordinate notation rule.
4. Translate 2 units to the left and A (xX, y) > (x-2,y +2)
2 units up. B (x,y) >(x+2,y+2)
5. Reflect across the x-axis. C (x,y)>(-x,-y)
; . one D (x, y)> (2 y)
6. Dilate with center of dilation (0, 0)
and scale factor 2.
E (x,y) (2x, 2y)
F (x,y)>(-x,y)
Vs ae Pa cae anddonot «& (x, y) > (2x, y)

lenge ey H (x,y)>(%-y)
8. Rotate 180° about the origin

3 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 1d> CbnsdseinS bein Wat Pea

9. Suppose the preimage for the a. Find the coordinates of A’, the image
transformation given by the rule of A after the transformation
(x, y) > (3x, y —7) has vertices (—2, -3), (x, Y) > (-x,-y).
(—2, 2), (1, 4), (4, 2), (4, -3), and (3, —2).
Use the rule to determine the coordinates
of the corresponding vertices of the b. What type of transformation is
image. (x, Y) > (-x,-y)?

c. Find the coordinates of A”, the image

of A’ after the transformation
(x, VY)> (x-2, y +4).

d. Write a transformation rule to map A”

to A.

12. Show that a horizontal stretch of scale

factor k followed by a vertical stretch of
10. Use the rules (x, y) > (~3x, 2y +1) and scale factor k is the same transformation
(x, y) > (x-2,y +7) to draw images of as a vertical stretch of scale factor k
AABC. Which transformation is a rigid * followed by a horizontal stretch of scale
motion and which is not? Explain by factor k. Then show that these
discussing how the transformations affect transformations are the same as a dilation
the side lengths and angle measures. with scale factor k centered at the origin.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment a Geometry
Name
Date Class

The student will describe the rotations and reflections that

carry a special quadrilateral or regular polygon onto itself.
SELECTED RESPONSE 4. Indicate all types of symmetry that each
Select the correct answer. shape has by putting a check mark in
1. Determine which of the following each appropriate column of the table.

Es
transformations maps the given figure
onto itself. Line Rotational
Symmetry | Symmetry

lsosceles
trapezoid
Regular
octagon
CA) Reflection across a vertical line Scalene
Reflection across a horizontal line triangle
©) 90° rotation
Parallelogram reeoet
@®) 180° rotation

2. How many lines of symmetry does a

square have? CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
@ 0 © 4 5. Determine whether this figure has
rotational symmetry and whether it has
® 2 @® 8
line symmetry. Draw each line of
Select all correct answers. symmetry on the figure, and give the angle
of rotational symmetry, if it exists.
3. What type(s) of symmetry does a regular

=.
octagon have?

CA Line symmetry
Rotational symmetry; with angles of
rotation that are multiples of 30°
©) Rotational symmetry; with angles of
rotation that are multiples of 45°
@> Rotational symmetry; with angles of
rotation that are multiples of 60°

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name : eee ee
Dates. sie ane

6. Describe all the symmetries the equilateral | 9. Consider the figure shown here.
triangle has.

a. How many lines of symmetry does the

figure have? Explain.

7. Drawafigure that has five lines of

symmetry and rotational symmetry. Draw
each line of symmetry and find the b
. Does the figure have rotational
smallest angle of rotation that maps the
symmetry? If so, describe it.
figure onto itself.

c. How could you alter the existing figure

so that it has two more lines of
symmetry than the given figure?
8. Complete the table, finding the smallest Provide a sketch to explain your
nonzero angle of rotational symmetry for answer.
each of the shapes described. Then write
a generalization for a regular polygon with
n sides.
Sides in Angle of
regular rotational
polygon symmetry

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

SEE
SS ee
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 6 Geometry
Name , Date Class

The student will develop transformations in terms of angles,

circleSe
s, Ee
perpendicu
etalar and Pelan
l Gil parallier
el ines,
lines, and
and line
line segme
segments.
nts. |
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer.
3. Write words and expressions from the list
1. What is a definition of a reflection of a below to complete the definition of a
preimage point P across line m? translation of a point P by a vector v.
@) If a point P is on line m, then mis the A transformation such that the
perpendicular bisector of PP’, where segment joining P and its image P’
P’ is the image of P. If Pis not on line
m, then P=P’.
Porn nn pee nn ne eee ee - =e

If a point P is on line m, then P= P”

where FP’ is the image of P. If Pis not prccce roe -----------

on line m, then m is the bisector of to!

PP’.
©) If a point Pis on line m, then P=P’,
where P’ is the image of P. If P is not
on line m, then PP’ is perpendicular
to m.
@) If a point Pis on line m, then P= P,
where FP’ is the image of P. If P is not CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
on line m, then m is the 4. Point A undergoes a counterclockwise
perpendicular bisector of PP’. rotation of 90° about point P. Make three
statements relating A and its image A’ in
2. What is a definition of a rotation of m° terms of a circle.
about a point P? @A'
CA A transformation where if a point A
has image A’, then ZAPA’ has a
measure of m°.
A transformation where every point
and its image are the same distance e@P
from P and if a point A has image A’,
then ZAPA’ has a measure of m?°.
©) A transformation where every point
and its image are the same distance @A
from the origin O and if a point A has
image A’, then ZAPA’ has a measure
of m°.
@) A transformation where every point
and its image are the same distance
from P and if a point A has image A’,
then ZAOA’ has a measure of m°,
where O is the origin.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name Date Class

5. The same translation is applied to points 8. Let AP be perpendicular to line n. Show

A and B to find the images A’ and B’. that the image of point A after being
Make three statements involving reflected across line n and the image of
segments with endpoints A, B, A’, and B’. point A after being rotated 180° with P as
Explain how the statements are justified. the center of rotation are the same point.
@B' @A

eA’
e8

@A

6. Point A is reflected across line m. Write

two statements that describe how the
points A and A’ and the line m are
9. In a drawing that contains points P, Q, R,
related. re S and the origin O, mZPOR = 50° and
mZQOS = 80°.
a. Explain how you know that RS
cannot be the image of PQ under a
rotation with center O.
eA eA’

b. Explain how you could change the

given information so that RS would
7. A translation is defined as moving points be an image of PQ under a rotation
in the coordinate plane 5 units to the left with center O.
and 2 units down. For any point A and
image A’, describe the distance and
direction of AA’.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will draw a transformed figure and specify the

SELECTED RESPONSE 3. A triangle with vertices (-3, 1), (1, 5), and
Select the correct answer. (4, 1) is reflected across the x-axis. What
are the vertices of the image?
1. What are the vertices of the image
of the figure after the translation CAD (1, -3), (5, 1), and (1, 4)
(x, y) > (x- 2, y+ 3)? (—3, —1), (1, -5), and (4, -1)
©) (3, 1), (-1, 5), and (+4, 1)
@) (-3, -1), (1, 3), and (4, -1)

Select all correct answers.

4. Circle the ordered pairs for the vertices of
the image of the figure below under the
translation (x, y) > (x + 4, y- 2).

@ (-6, 5), (2, 4), (0, 0), (-5, -1)

(0; al (2, =e); (0, =O); (0; =)

© (-2, 5), (6, 4), (4, 0), (-1, -1)

Be.) (0 10,9), (0; —0)
2. What are the vertices of the image of the
rectangle after a 90° counterclockwise
rotation about the origin? (—1, 2) (-2, 7) (1, -4)
(-9, 6) (6, 3)
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
5. Draw the image of the figure that is
rotated 120° counterclockwise about the
point P. Label the vertices of the image
figure A’B’C’D’.

@ (5, -4), (1, -4), (1, -1); (8, -1)

(4, -3), (-4, 1), (-1, 1), (+1, -3)
© (4, 5), (4, 1), (1, 1), (1, 5)
Dyes, -5)7 (4-1), (4, -1); (-1,-)

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Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name —————
: e
Date: <1 e Glees

6. Suppose a point (x, y) on the coordinate 8. Draw the image of the figure that is
plane is rotated 270° counterclockwise reflected across line m.
about the origin, then reflected across the m
line y= -x, then reflected across the
y-axis. Show that the image of (x, y) after A
this sequence of transformations is the
same as the image of (x, y) after a
180° rotation about the origin.

9. Use the figure below to answer parts a

through c.

7. Is there a unique sequence of rigid

motions that maps AABC to AMNP?
Explain your reasoning.

a. Draw the image of the figure after a

90° counterclockwise rotation about
the origin.
b. Draw the image of the figure from
part a after the translation
(x, Y) > (x+ 5, y- 4).
c. Is the result from part b the same as
the result of translating the original
figure using (x, y) > (x + 5, y—4).
followed by rotating it 90°
- counterclockwise about the origin?
Explain your reasoning.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

ip pe dear aa a NM
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 10 Geometry
Name Date Class
The student will use rigid motions to transform figures and
the definition of congruence to decide if they are congruent.
SELECTED RESPONSE
Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer.
4. A decorative design uses copies of an
1. Circle the quadrant number that makes a
irregular hexagon. Which transformations
true statement. A figure lies in Quadrant II of the design can be used to map the
of a coordinate plane. The figure is hexagon with vertex A to the hexagon
transformed by first reflecting across the with vertex C?
x-axis and then rotating 90° clockwise
about the origin.
Quadrant |
Quadrant II
The image will lie in
Quadrant III
Quadrant IV

CA Reflection across a line that contains

AandC
CB Reflection across a line that contains
Band D
©) Reflection across the x-axis followed
by reflection across the y-axis

2. What is the effect of the transformation ® Reflection across the y-axis followed
described by the rule (x, y) > (-y, x)? by reflection across the x-axis
C® Areflection across the y-axis CE Rotation 90° clockwise about
vertex D
®) A reflection across the x-axis
©) A rotation 90° clockwise about the © Rotationen 180° about
about the the origin
origi

origin Select the correct answer for each

@) Arotation 90° counterclockwise lettered part.
about the origin 5. A triangle with vertices (1, 1), (-1, 3), and
(—3, 3) is rotated about the origin. Could
3. A triangle has vertices (4, —1), (-3, 0),
the set of points be the vertices of the
and (7, 2). What are the vertices of the
image after the rotation?
image of the triangle after a reflection
across the y-axis? a. (1, 3), (3, 3), (3, 1) O Yes ONo
GD (-4, -1), (3, 0), (-7, 2) b. (1, -1), (1, -3), (3,-1) OYes ONo
(4, 1), (-3, 0), (7, -2) ¢::(=1,-8),(=3)--3), (-3,—1).0-Yes..0 No
© (24.417) (3, 0), (-7, -2) deft 481913; 3) O Yes ONo
®) (-1,4), (0, -3), (2,7) e. (-1, -1), (-3, -1), (3, -3) 0 Yes ONo

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 11 Geometry

Name faites: ian
743 ie re en
»

8. A picture frame hangs on a wall as

COUN ik ete ee The wall is 22 feet wide and
6. Determine whether the triangles are 9 feet high. The square picture is 6 feet
congruent by describing a rigid motion wide and its left corner is 2 feet to the
that maps the black triangle to the gray right of the centerline of the wall.
triangle, if one exists. Give a detailed
description of the rigid motion.

/24
a. Suppose the lower-left corner of the
wall is (0, 0) and the centerline of the
wall is the line x = 11. Give the
coordinates of the corners of the
picture frame.

b. You want to locate a congruent

picture frame on the left so that the
7. In trying to decide if the black and gray two picture frames will be symmetric
pentagons shown are congruent, Beth across the centerline of the wall.
used the following reasoning: What transformation can you apply to
the first picture frame to locate the
second picture frame?

c. Give the coordinates of the corners

of the second picture frame.

d. Describe a transformation rule using

coordinate notation for a reflection
“| translated the black pentagon 7 units to
across x = 11, the centerline of the
the right and 1 unit up. Three of the five
sides match, but the top two sides don’t
wall. Explain how you find the
transformation rule and confirm it by
match. So, the figures are not congruent.”
showing how the rule affects the four
Explain and correct the error in the corners of the first picture frame.
reasoning. (XV): (2.2)

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 12 Geometry
 Name Date Class

The student will use the definition of congruence in terms of

rigid motions to show that two triangles are congruent.

Ny
SELECTED RESPONSE 4. AABC = ACDA and AD > DC. Indicate
Select the correct answer. whether each pair of sides or angles are
Ase ASABO)= A DEF: whichseamant ic congruent by putting a check mark in the
; Beet te g appropriate column of the table.
congruent to AC?
Cc
@ DE
EF
© DF
@® AB A
2. If AABC = AGHI, what is the length of

GH? ZBAC and ZDCA pee es

ZABC and ZCDA Gem aream
mens ||
B H

43 43 BC and DA

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
5. The triangles shown here are congruent.
A 10 CG /

CA) 10
13
© 23
©) The length cannot be determined.

Select all correct answers.

3. If ATR/I = AANG, which of the following x (10, -6)
congruence statements are true?
@ TR=AN
Tl=AG a. Describe a sequence of rigid motions
© Ri=NnG that maps APQR onto AXYZ.

@® Ti=NA
CE) ZT=ZA b. Name two pairs of congruent sides
® ZR=ZN and two pairs of congruent angles.

@ Zl=ZG
CH ZA= ZN

: © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 13 Geometry
Name Date. ou Ne lees

6. Given A/lJK = ALMN, find the length of 8. Paolo claims that any two congruent
all unlabeled sides and the measure of all triangles have the same area. Here is the
unlabeled angles. beginning of his reasoning:
“Suppose AABC = ADEF. In every
a
triangle it is possible to draw at least one
8cm
altitude from a vertex to the opposite side
4cm such that it lies in the interior of the
triangle and intersects the opposite side.
In the diagram below, an altitude is drawn
from B to AC.

B E

N 6.9cm we

AG Cc F H D

Label the point where the altitude

intersects the opposite side as G. Using
the length of AG, construct a point H
along DF such that DH = AG. Because
7. Apply two rigid motions to the triangle AB=DE, ZA= ZD, and AG=DH...”
shown below to draw another triangle. a. Complete the reasoning that Paolo
Label it AABC so that AXYZ = AABC. may use to argue that the congruent
Describe your rigid motions in words. triangles have the same area.
Then name all the pairs of sides and
pairs of angles that are congruent.

b. Is it true that any two triangles with

the same area are congruent? Give a
convincing argument for your
answer.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
 Name Date Class

The student will explain how ASA, SAS, and SSS follow from
the definition of congruence in terms of rigid motions.
SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
pele uecomect answer. 3. Find the lengths of the sides in the
1. Given AB=DE, ZB= ZE, and BC ~EF triangles. Then, find a sequence of rigid
which is a good first step when proving motions that maps AGH/ onto AJIH.
that AABC =ADEF?
® Finda sequence of rigid motions that
maps AB onto DE.
(® Find a sequence of rigid motions that
maps ZA onto ZF.
© Finda sequence
of rigid motions that
maps AB onto BC.
(@®) Translate AABC so it maps onto
ADEF.

Select all correct answers.

2. In the triangles shown below, AB = XY,

AC = XZ, and ZBAC = ZYXZ. Circle the
rigid motions below that may be
combined to map AABC onto AXYZ.
4. Use the diagram below.

A reflection across the x-axis

A reflection across the y-axis a. What rotation about the origin will
; map AABC so one side of the
A reflection across the line y= x image matches a side of ARST?
A vertical translation
tion
oe et tenet b. Does the rotation in part a prove
AABC = ARST? If not, describe
what other rigid motion is needed.

; © thoughton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company ar aa a pep pee cae

er ee eae
15 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date. ete ass
»
»

5. In the triangles shown, JK =RQ, ZK = ZQ, and LK = PQ.

A student claims that SAS information is not enough to show AJKL = ARQP, as follows:
“| can use a rigid motion to map ZK onto ZQ, in this case using a translation to the right.
However, the triangles are not congruent because the image of J is not R and the image of
L is not P. So, having SAS information about two triangles is not always enough to prove
the triangles are congruent.”
Find and correct the error in the student’s reasoning.

6. In the figure below, AB =DE, BC =EF, and AC =DF. Complete the statements to use
~ rigid motions to verify the SSS congruence criterion.

A’ B'

B A o

a. There is a sequence of rigid motions that maps AB to

b. Apply the same sequence of rigid motions to AABC to obtain AA’B’C’, which shares
a side with ADEF. If C’ lies on the same side of DE as F, reflect AA’B’C’ across
DE. AC = A’C’ because
c. Therefore, A’C’ = DF because
d. Similarly, B’C’ =
e. If a point is equidistant from the endpoints of a segment, then it lies on the
perpendicular bisector of the segment. Therefore, D lies on the perpendicular bisector
of FC’, because A’C’ = DF. Similarly, E lies on the perpendicular bisector of FC’,
because
f. By the definition of reflection, reflecting across DE maps C’ to
g. Aseries of rigid motions maps AABC onto ADEF. Therefore,

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

PRi igh cE en PSL. URL on Rn cee a ee nc a en Sea
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 16 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will prove theorems about lines and angles.

SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Select the correct answer
? ore 4. Determine if each statem
1. Circle the relationship that makes the true. false. or cannot be eye
state ment true.
given ZABC = ZCBD.

If 21 = Z7 you can conclude that P 7q

Pg

a. mMZABC = 90°

2. What can you conclude about ZXYZ if b. m“CBD = 90°

mZXYW = 45° and YZ is the image of

YX after a reflection across line m? c. mZABC < 90°

d.mLn

e. BD= AB

5. In the figure below, line p is parallel to

C@) mMZXYZ = 45° line qg. Find the measures of 22 and 45.
YXYZ = ZXYW+ ZWYZ Explain your reasoning for each measure.

©) ZXYZ is a right angle.

@) ZXYZ is an obtuse angle.

Select all correct answers.

3. What can be concluded if ZABC and
ZCBD are a linear pair?
CA) ZABC and ZCBD are supplementary.
ZABC and ZCBD are complementary.
© BA and BD are opposite rays.
@>) ZABC and ZCBD are adjacent angles.
CE) ZABC = ZCBD

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 17 Geometry

 Name Date Class

6. Use the diagram to determine the 8. Complete the following proof.

relationship between QR and RS. Then A B c D
—e——_e—___________#——_-#-
use your result to make a conclusion
about AQRS.
R Given: AB = CD
Prove: AC = BD
[__ Statements |_—sReasons_|
1 AB= CD» |
2. AB+ BC =BC+CD oe

4. Segment
Addition
Postulate

7. Complete the following proof.

Given: 21 and 23 are vertical angles.

Prove: mZ1=m2Z3 ees —
Given: DE and AF intersect at B,
1. Z1 and 23 are 1. and BD bisects ZABC.
vertical angles. Prove: <CBD= ZEBF _
2. Z1 and 22 area 2. Definition of one
linear pair; linear pair ___|1 1. Given
Z2and 23 area 2. MZABD= mZCBD
linear pai

3. £1 and £2 are 3. ZABD and ZEBF 3. Given

supplementary;
form two pairs of
Z2 and Z3 are
Ss.
4. ZABD and ZEBF are
4.mZ14+mZ2= 180°;
vertical angles.
mZ2+mZ3 = 180°
5.mZ1+mZ2=
mZ2+m2Z3

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Rigi BHI. FLSTi OL. A a Reae a ae
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 18 Geometry
 Name Class

The student will prove congruence theorems about triangles.

SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer.
2. Which of the following statements can be
1. In the proof shown here about equilateral concluded from the given triangle?
triangle XYZ, what is the correct reason
that can be used for Step 2 and Step 3? Ss
Given: XY = YZ = XZ
Prove: 2X = ZY= ZZ

(& The sum of the interior angles in a U 7

triangle is 180°. —
A mZU=mZT
If two sides of a triangle are
congruent, then the angles opposite US= UT
the sides are congruent. ():US— Sir
©) If two angles of a triangle are DM mZU=mZzS
congruent, then the sides opposite CE) ASTU is an isosceles triangle.
the angles are congruent.
® mZzT=mzZS
CD SSS congruence criterion
G) ST=UT

_ Write the correct reason for each statement in the proof using the list of reasons at the
right.
Given: AB = AC, M is the midpoint of BC A

Prove: ZB= ZC
proto ter ----

3. AB = AC B Mu Cc

4 BM = MC

~~"; | Corresponding parts of congruent

5. AM
= AM || triangles are congruent.

“=, | SSS congruence criterion

fee eee Se Se eee ee oe eS ee ee ee oe
por errr

6. AABM = AACM | Definition of perpendicular bisector

“ee Given
t----------------------------------

porte

fe ee If a point is on the bisector of an

angle, it is equidistant from the
sides of the angle.

Reflexive property of congruence

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name Class

. Describe a plan for a coordinate proof.

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
(Do not provide the actual proof.)
8. Prove that the triangle with vertices Given: AABC with medians
A(1, 2), B(3, -1), C(3, 5) is an isosceles AD, BE, and GF
triangle.
Prove: AD, BE, and CF are concurrent.

. Prove the AAS congruence criterion:

9. DE, EF. and DF are the midsegments Two triangles are congruent if two pairs
of AABC. How does the perimeter of of corresponding angles are congruent
ADEF compare to the perimeter of and one pair of nonincluded sides are
AABC? Explain. , congruent. (Assume that the SSS and
ASA congruence criteria are already
proved.) Use the diagram below.

Cc F

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
 Name. Date Class

The student will prove theorems about parallelograms.

SELECTED RESPONSE 2. Given AB = CD and AD = BC, what
Select the correct answer. triangle congruence criterion is
likely to
1. What is a valid reason for Step 2? be used in a proof that AB || CD and
Given: ABCD is a parallelogram. AD || BC?
Prove: ZA = ZC; ZB= ZD B Cc

B ¢

A D

@® sss @® AAS
[Statements [Reasons ASA @® SAS
1. AB|| DC; 1. Definition of Select all correct answers.
AD || BC parallelogram
3. Circle the conclusions that are valid given

peADPE CORD se ABCD is a parallelogram.

LAZ2LE
CA Definition of parallelogram
When parallel lines are cut by a AB
= CD
transversal, alternate interior angles
are congruent. AC
= BD
©) When parallel lines are cut by a ZA and ZB are supplementary.
transversal, corresponding angles
ZA=ZB
are congruent.
@® Corresponding parts of congruent AC 1 BD
triangles are congruent.

Match each statement with the correct reasoning in the proof.

A B

a A Vertica! angles are congruent.

pe
Given
C lf a quadrilateral is a parallelogram,
D Cc opposite angles are congruent.
D If both pairs of opposite angles are
Given: AM = CM; BM = DM congruent, a quadrilateral is a
Prove: ABCD is a parallelogram. parallelogram.
4. AM = CM: BM = DM E SSS congruence criterion
F SAS congruence criterion
5. ZAMB = ZCMD; ZAMD = ZCMB G Corresponding parts of congruent
6. AAMB = ACMD; AAMD = ACMB triangles are congruent.
H_ If both pairs of opposite sides are
le AB = CD; AD = BC
congruent, a quadrilateral is a
—_—_——
8. ABCD is a parallelogram. parallelogram.

; © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

21 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class
»

11. Jermaine wants to prove that the

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
diagonals of rectangle MNOP are
9. To prove that the diagonals of a congruent. He plans to use the SSS
parallelogram bisect each other, Donna congruence criterion to conclude that
begins by stating that XY = WZ, since AMOP = ANOP. Do you agree with his
opposite sides of a parallelogram are plan? Explain.
congruent. Next, Donna determines M N
that ZMXY = ZMZW since they are
alternate interior.angles, and similarly,
ZMYX = ZMW2Z.
x ¥

Ww z

What can Donna conclude about AXYM

and AZWM? Explain. Then use this
information to finish the proof that the
diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each
12. Complete the following proof.
other.
B C

A D

Given: ABCD is a parallelogram.

Prove: AB = CD: BC = AD

10. Show that in parallelogram QRST, ZQTS|Statements

|| Reasons |
and ZTQR are supplementary angles. 1
Can this argument be generalized for parallelogram.
every pair of consecutive angles in any
parallelogram? Explain. 9. ABCD:
AD || BC
3. Alternate
interior Zs are
congruent.

sass =ops | 6

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 22 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will make formal geometric constructions with a

variety of tools and methods.
SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
1. Write expressions from the list below to 3. Describe the process of constructing a
complete the description of the steps to segment whose length is AB + CD.
copy AB onto the line containing C. Justify the process.
B A B
G8
Cc D
Be

t7-----

ee ee

Place compass pointat’!

Wee ee ello

Draw an arc intersecting the line

ene C. Label ge intersection D. 4. Below is the beginning of the construction
eee ee yt ipa eS
used to copy ZZXY.
‘isa copy of

| ) S
Roe oie ae Cee ore

all@ Bl
Select the correct answer.
Xx
Y
A Ne
B
a. Describe the next steps of the
2. Nina is using a compass and construction.
straightedge to divide LM into three
congruent segments. In the drawing
below, LX = XY = YZ. What is the next
step in the construction?

b. Complete the construction to copy

ZLXY.

5. Construct line n parallel to line m that

(®) Drawaline parallel to ZM that passes through point C.
passes through point Y.
Cc
Draw a line that passes through e
points Y and M.
(©) Use a protractor to measure ZLZM.
(> Use a ruler to measure LM.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 23 Geometry
Name ‘ Date. een ee ees

9. a. In the space below, construct a line n

6. What steps could be used to construct : ue
and a point A not on the line. Then
the altitude through point R of isosceles truct aa lineline m perpendicular to
— — construct
APQR where PR = QR? Justify your line n that passes through point A.
answer. Label your drawing appropriately.

v Q

fe ene ine eoeetOt Ot b. Suppose point A lies on line n. Are

the steps you used in your
construction from part a still valid?
Explain.

8. Construct an angle with twice the

measure of ZJKL that has KL as
one side.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 24 Geometry

Name Date Class

The student will construct an equilateral triangle, a square,

and a regular hexagon inscribed ina circle.
SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Select the correct answer. 3. Explain why ABCD must have four
1. What is the first step when inscribing a congruent sides.
regular hexagon in the circle below?

(A) Set the compass to any distance.

Then place the point of the compass
at A and draw an arc that passes
through any point on the circle.
Place the point of the compass at
any point on the circle and draw an
arc that passes through point A. *
4. Explain why all of the angles in ABCD are
©) Use the compass to record the radius right angles.
of the circle.
(> Draw a segment from the center of B
the circle to point A.

2. Circle words and phrases below to

complete the description of the steps to
inscribe a square inacircle. A q Cc
Given a point O, draw a circle. Draw a

of thecircle. Set the compass

radius
smaller than
to a distance |equal to the radius of
larger than
the circle to construct the Se anaIeoar
bisector of the diameter. Connect the
points where the diameter and the
perpendicular bisector intersect the circle
to draw the inscribed square.

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 25 Geometry

 Name ‘ Date) ieee see a oe CGS

5. Inscribe a regular hexagon in the circle 8. Inscribe an equilateral triangle in the

below. Explain why your construction circle below. Explain why your
produces a regular hexagon. construction produces an equilateral
triangle.

6. Use the process of inscribing a hexagon

in a circle to verify that the interior angles 9. Inscribe a square in the circle below.
in a regular hexagon each measure 120°.

7. Aregular hexagon is inscribed in a circle

with radius r. Express the perimeter of the
hexagon in terms of r. Explain your
answer.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

—_ ak. ok vce llgc glwlGl.o parODOa-. atl DD nn a

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 26 Geometry

Name Date Class

The student will verify the effect of a dilation on lines passing

through, and not passing through, its center.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. In the figure below, g | m,qitn,q-Lr,
1. A student constructs the image of line m r||n, m || n, and p intersects n, m, r, and
under a dilation with center O not on m q. Which lines in the figure could be the
and scale factor 3. Which of the following image of line n under a dilation with
best describes the image of line m? center O and scale factor not equal to 0
(A The image of line mis a line parallel elneas
to line m.
The image of line m is a line
perpendicular to line m.
©) The image of line mis a line passing
through point O that intersects line m.
‘ @ Line mis its own image under the
dilation.

2. A student constructs the image of line m

under a dilation with center O on line m
and scale factor 4. Which of the following
best describes the image of line m?
CA The image of line m is a line parallel
to line m. A line m
The image of line mis a line line n
perpendicular to line m. ©) line p
©) The image of line mis a line passing @®) line q
through point O that intersects line m. €) liner
(> Line mis its own image under the
dilation.
4. The image of line p under a dilation centered at a point O is line n. The image of
line g under a dilation through point O is line q. Indicate whether you can determine
each statement to be true or false by putting a check mark in the appropriate —
column of the table.

Point O lies on line p. '

Point O lies on line n.
Point O lies on line q.

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 27 Geometry

Name ‘ Date Oe Sia ees

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
8. Construct the image of PQ undera
5. Judith says that any line can be mapped
onto any other line by a dilation with
dilation centered at a point O with scale
center O. Is Judith correct? Explain. factor 2. Then use the slopes of the lines
to show that the lines are parallel.

6. In the figure below, line q is the image of

line r under a dilation with center O, and
line sis the image of line t under a
dilation with center O. What can you
conclude about quadrilateral ABCD?
Justify your conclusion.
12 14 16 x

9. In the figure below, line fis the image of

line s after a dilation centered at a point
P. Find the measures of 21 and 23.
Explain. ‘

7. Andre constructs the image of line n

under a dilation centered at point O that
is not on line n. Becca constructs a
different image of line n under a dilation
centered at point O. What can you
conclude about Andre’s and Becca’s
lines?

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 28 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will verify that the dilation of a line segment is

longer or shorter in the ratio given by the scale factor.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer for each
Select the correct answer. lettered part.
1. AB with length 2.4 cm is dilated with 4. MN is dilated through point O with each
scale factor 3. What is the length of the of the scale factors below, resulting in the
image, A’B’? image M’N’. Choose the correct
CAD 0.8 cm statement relating M’N’ to MN.

2.4cm ares. O MN <MN

OMN=MN
© 5.4cm OMN>MN
@M) 7.2cm b!-4 O MN <MN
O MN=MN
2. The endpoints of LM are L(3, -2) and OMN>MN
M(-3, 2). Which of the following could not
OMN <MN
be the endpoints of the image of LM
N|— O MN=MN
under a dilation centered at the origin?
OMN>MN
@® L’(-3, -2) and M’(3, 2) OMN <MN
L’(3, -2) and M’(-3, 2) O MN =M’N
1
L’\ 1—-1| and M’) 1,11
OMN>M’N

ae4
OMN<MN
3 O MN =MN
® L’(9, -6) and M’(-9, 6) O MN >MN
3. Circle the fraction that makes the - CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
statement correct.
5. C’D’ is the image of CD under a dilation
Y’Z’ is the image of YZ under a dilation
with scale factor =
centered at O with scale factor =.ea
a. Write an expression for C’D’ in terms
is the image of va under a dilation of CD.

centered at O with scale factor : The

scale factor of the dilation centered at O

that maps YZ onto Y”Z” b. If CD = 31.5 mm, find C’D’.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
 Name : Date Class
‘

6. A segment with length 7 cm is dilated 8. C’D’ is the image of CD under a dilation

with center O and scale factor : The
with scale factor k. What can you say
about the length of C’D’ when k > 1?
image of the segment is then dilated with when 0k 4a
center P and scale factor 2. Find the
length of the image segment after each
dilation.

with 9. On the grid below, find the image of AB

7. In the figure below, P’Q’ is the image of under a dilation centered at O with scale
PQ under a dilation with center O and factor 3. Then show that the ratio of the

scale factor 2. Find the coordinates of P’ lengths of the segments equals the scale
factor.
and Q’. Then find the length of P’Q’.

=e
WO
NWP
O
Ds

Oo 12 2 8S 6. Tt ee By

© Houghton Mifflin ianecutt Publishing Company

"Pn bbtn aD a dy Be Dske ee A ceee Tg ea ne eg
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 30 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will use similarity transformations to determine

similarity and explain the meaning of similarity for triangles.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. Which of the following dilations with
1. ANOP has side lengths 5 cm, 7 cm, and center A can be used to show that
9cm. If ANOP ~ ARST, which of the AABC ~ AADE?
following could be the lengths of the sides
of ARST?
@ 1cm,3cm,5cm
6 cm, 8.4 cm, and 13.5 cm
©) 7.5m, 10.5 cm, 13.5 cm
@) 15cm, 17 cm, and 19 cm

2. Decide whether the two figures are

similar. Explain your answer.
NYO
wo
o
nnwsn
wh
=

> tee es 6 TB er oe

C) Map AABC to AADE using a

dilation with scale factor >

Map AABC to AADE using a

dilation with scale factor 2.
( Map AADE to AABC using a
dilation with scale factor 5

(@® Map AADE to AABC using a

Similar; ABCD can be mapped to dilation with scale factor 2.
EFGH by a dilation with scale factor
3 4. Circle each true statement.
— anda 90° clockwise rotation about
2 All squares are similar.
the origin.
Similar; ABCD can be mapped to peed eS ae,
EFGH by a dilation with scale factor All right triangles are similar.
aa SO aeeton Ap aut All equilateral triangles are similar.
©) Similar; ABCD can be mapped to | All isosceles triangles are similar.
EFGH bya dilation with scale factor
2 and a 180° rotation about the origin.
CD Not similar; there is no sequence of
similarity transformations that maps
one figure to the other because ZC is
not congruent to ZF and ZD is not
congruent to ZG.

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 31 Geometry

Name Plate oe ei ney eee

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 7. Given that AQRS ~ ATUV, write

5. Are AJKL and AMNO similar? Explain, congruence statements for the
using similarity transformations to map corresponding angles and proportions for
AJKL onto AMNO. the corresponding sides.

8. Suppose the scale factor of a dilation that

maps AABConto ADEF is 3, and
suppose BC = 7 cm. What conclusion can
you make about a side in ADEF?
Explain your reasoning.

9. On the diagram below, draw trapezoid

WXYZ that is similar to trapezoid ABCD
but not congruent to trapezoid ABCD.
Describe the similarity transformations
6. AEFGhas vertices E(-4, 0), F(-4, 4), used to map ABCD onto WXYZ. Finally, .
and G(0, 0). AHIJ has vertices H(3, 2), write as many congruence statements as
(3, —3), and J(—2, 2). On the diagram possible relating the sides and/or angles
below, draw AEFG and AHIlJ. Are of ABCD to the corresponding sides
AEFG and AHlJ similar? Explain, and/or angles of WXYZ.
using similarity transformations.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
 Name Class

The student will use similarity transformations to establish

the AA criterion for two trianglesto be similar.
SELECTED RESPONSE 3. Which of the following statements are
Select the correct answer. true, given ZA = ZX and ZC = ZZ?
1. In the figure, ZA = ZD and ZB = ZE. You B
can apply a dilation to AABC so that the
image is congruent to ADEF. What is
the scale factor of the dilation?
B E

Cc

A
F

D Zz a
AD DF A)-2B=Zzy
ee aie
AABC ~ AXYZ
AB BC © AABC = AXYZ
oe. eee
@) AC2xZ
Select all correct answers. CE) A sequence of dilations and rigid
2. Andrew is proving that AJKL ~ AMNO, motions maps AABC onto AXYZ.
given ZKJL = ZNMO and ZKLJ = ZNOM.
He has already determined that a dilation
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
4. Inthe figure, ZA = 2X and ZC = ZZ. Find

A
with scale factor will map AJKL a sequence of similarity transformations
onto AJ’K’L’, where J’L’ = that maps AABC onto AXYZ.

Use the words below to complete the

arslemen., Andrew should use the
; ; 'Triangle
Cahanieros Theorem io show that
AJ’K’L’= AMNO.

_ © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name Date Class

5. In the figure, ZS = ZV. Find one other 7. Complete the proof of the AA similarity
pair of congruent angles. Explain. Find a criterion.
sequence of similarity transformations F

that maps ARST onto AUVT.

Given: ZD= ZG; ZE= ZH

Prove: ADEF ~ AGHI
Find a sequence of similarity
transformations that maps ADEF
onto AGHI.
a. Apply a dilation to ADEF with scale
factor ae. Let the image of ADEF
6. In the figure, DE, EF, and DF are the be AD’E’F’. AD’E’F’ is similar to
midsegments of AABC. ADEF because a dilation is a
similarity transformation. Also,
ZD’ = ZDand ZE’ = ZE because

GH
b. D'E’=k+DE= «DE=
DE
c. It is given that 2D = ZG and
ZE = ZH. By the Transitive Property
of Congruence, ZD’ = and
ZE’ =
d. AD’E’F’ = AGHI by

_a. Prove that two angles in AABC are

congruent to two angles in ADEF. This‘means there is a sequence of rigid
motions that maps AD’E’F’ onto AGHI.
The dilation in step a followed by this
sequence of rigid motions maps ADEF
onto AGHI. Therefore, ADEF ~ AGHI.
b. Find a sequence of similarity _
transformations that maps AABC
onto ADEF.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 34 Geometry
 Narne : Date Class
The student will prove similarity theorems about triangles.
SELECTED RESPONSE
i: Indicate \whether each proportion could be used as a given to show that
AB = DF by putting a check mark in the appropriate column of the table.

_ Match each statement in the proof below with the correct reason.
Note that reasons may be used more than once. A
Given: AABC ~ ARST, AD is a median of R
AABC, RU is a median of ARST
AD AB B
Prove: ye
RU RS /> S
D ‘ U
9D

_ 2ECD=DB; TU =US A Segment Addition Postulate

3. CB=CD+DB: TS= TU+US B SubsutumOn Property of Equality
era C Corresponding sides of similar
4. AB & CB triangles are proportional.
ry : RS TS ASA congruence criterion
pee OB 2 CD + DB AA similarity criterion
in vie URUS Definition of median
AB- DB+DB_DB Division Property of Equality
== RS USHUS US Corresponding angles of similar
ronmo
triangles are congruent.
7. ZB=ZS rae
say | SAS congruence criterion
pee GAABD ~ARSU J SAS similarity criterion
AD_ AB
gee RU RS

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company ae ee ee ee eee.

re ane
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 35 Geometry
Name Date Class

12. Prove that if a line parallel to one side of

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
a triangle intersects the other two sides,
10. AQRS is the dilation of AXYS with then it divides those sides proportionally.
scale factor 3. Find the proportions eas A

SY
and YR" Justify your work.
F

Cc

Given:
EF ||BC
Pr
Ot Ee ee
EC
[Statements
| Reasons
11. In the figure below, AADE ~ AABC,
with AABC the image of AADE under Loew 4
a dilation with scale factor 2.
Cc

3. Corresponding
sides are
proportional.
4. Segment
Addition
Postulate

a. How does the altitude CG compare

6. Subtraction
to the altitude EF? Explain.
Property of

b. How does the area of AABC

compare to the area of AADE?
Explain.

c. Write a general expression relating

the areas of two similar triangles with
scale factor k.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 36 Geometry
 Name Date Class
_ The student will use congruence and similarity criteria for
triangles to solve problems and to prove relationships.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. ABCD is a trapezoid with BC ||AD and
1. A jogging path runs along the river from ZBAD = ZCDA. Which of the following
point C to point E, passing through statements can be concluded?
point A. You want to find the distance B c
DE across a river using indirect
measurement. Which congruence
criterion can be used to show that
AABC = AADE?
D
A D

(@ AAED = ACEB
C WOR A ® AAED ~ ACEB
100ft E @ BC=AD

-@ BE=DE
4 © BD=AC
@® sss © AE=CE |
ASA CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
© SAS 4. Before rock climbing, Michelle wants to
know how high she will climb. She places
@®) HL
a mirror on the ground and walks
. Circle the value that makes the statement backward until she can see the top of the
true. cliff in the mirror. She drew a sketch of
In order to measure the height of a large the situation. Explain why the triangles
tree, Adrian measures the tree’s shadow formed are similar. Then find the height of
and immediately measures the length of the cliff.
his shadow and his height. The height of Top of cliff

- the tree is ft.

. x
mirror

Tree 2

5
so
4 ft 16 ft
Adrian

ec
©
wD

4.2 ft 42.3 ft

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Class

5. City A is 50 miles north of CityB, and 7. Inthe figure below, TU ||QS.

City B is 120 miles east of City C. Ona
map, the distance between City A and
City B is 2.5 inches.
a. What is the distance between City B
and City C on the map?

<
b. What is the actual distance between
City A and City C? Q x+14 Ss

c. What is the distance between City A a. Show ATRU ~ AQRS.

and City C on the map?

b. Use the proportionality of sides of

6. A plot of land shaped like a rhombus is similar triangles to solve for x. Then
being turned into a garden. Stakes are find the lengths of TU and QS.
placed at the four corners of the plot, and
strings are tied between opposite
vertices. Show that the strings divide the
plot of land into four congruent right 8. Andy wants to find the distance across a
triangles. river. In order to find the distance CD,
Andy stands at point D, directly across
from point C, and walks 200 feet to the
left, placing a marker at a point E. Andy
continues walking another 300 feet to
point A, and then follows the path to the
left, walking until the markers at points E
and C line up. Andy marks this location B
and measures AB.
M L
c
a. Show that AJNM = AJNK.
A 300n = «E
147ft awe
b. Show that AJNM and AJNK are
right triangles. B
a. Show that AEAB ~ AEDC.
c. Explain how to show that ALNM
and ALNK are also congruent to b. Use the fact that corresponding sides
AJNM and AJNK. of similar triangles are proportional to
find CD. ;

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name _ Date Class
The student will understand that side ratios in right triangles

SELECTED RESPONSE 3. In the figure below, AABC ~ ADEF.

Select all correct answers. Find the ratio ae
1. In the figure below, ADEF ~ AGHF. DF
Which statements are true? A

f be
& 10 B D

G
F D
Ec F

H ® 3 3
© § 5

FOO FG aes ae
pect Deen? .
4. In the figure below, ARST ~ AJKL, :
Boe oe oe JK =3, SL =3, and RT
=10. Indicate
FG EF Wd whether each statement is true or false
FD FD GH by putting a check mark in the
| © FG * © DE | FG appropriate column of the table.
Ss
Select the correct answer.
2. Use the triangle below to find cos ZV.
Te 15 U

: 2/29
29
© 5
2
RT
aK 73
7-5

5/29 © /29 2
29 2 134
5

Bitovohton MininHtarcourtPublising Company 39 Geometry

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name eeen eee
Date: yi
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 7. Show that AABC ~ AXYZ. Show that
5. In the figure below, AABC ~ ADEF. ABs XY aAC XZ > AC _ XZ
Find tan ZA and tan ZD. What do you BC YZ" AB XY BOYZ
notice? B
J : E

B 6 x 5 Y
| 2
ge E
Cert We 1125 c 2
Ce A ae
10
D 900 F

6. In the figure, AABC ~ AADE.

Big Pax EA
re _t

8. In the figure below, AUVW ~ AXYZ.

© Ww 8 U Dy
+

i E
6
27

V
C
x 36 Z
a. Complete the ratio ee :
a. Show that sin U= sin X.
b. Use the ratio from part a to solve
fob = See el GE RO ne a eeee
: b. Explain why this is true for any right
; triangle similar to AUVW.
c. Use x from part bto find the lengths
of AB, BC, and DE.
c. Write a general statement about the
sine ratio of an acute angle of one
right triangle and the corresponding
acute angle of a similar right triangle.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 40 Geometry
 Name Date Class

_ The student will explain and use the relationship between the
sine and cosine of complementary angles.
SELECTED RESPONSE Match each trigonometric ratio with an
Select the correct answer. equivalent ratio.
~ 1. If sin 52° = 0.788, what is the Using the list of expressions on the right, write
approximate value of cos 38°? the equivalent trigonometric ratio.
@ 0.212
0.384 5. sin 8°

© 0.616
@® 0.788 sin 82° be--------- +--+
|
2. Given that cos 75° = 0.259, which
statement below is also true?
CA sin 15° = 0.259
eee :
pocc-------------------

sin 75° = 0.259 . COS 35° i |

©) sin 15° = 0.966
@) cos 15° = 0.259
Be be a ee eee nese ewes
|
3. Given that sin 18° = 0.309, which
statement below is also true?
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
CA cos 18° = 0.309
10. Find the value of each trigonometric ratio
sin 72° = 0.309
below. Round your answers to the
©) cos 72° = 0.951 nearest thousandth.
@) cos 72° = 0.309 A

Select all correct answers.

4. Use the figure shown to determine which
of the statements below are true.
48 ue

c 55 B

a. sinA
c 1 B

CA) sin A=cos B b. cosA

sin A=cosA
© cos A=1 c. sinB
@ sin B=cosA

&é sina= 2 d. cos B

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 41 Geometry
Name . Date Class

11. a. Find sin A in the triangle below. 13. Consider the triangles shown below.
A E *

20 . 30°
12 45°

45° ‘ 60°
A 1 € ip 1 F
c 16 B

a. Fill in the missing side lengths.

b. Write a different trigonometric ratio
with the same value as sin A.

b. Find the sine and cosine of each

12. The students in a class were asked to angle below.
find the value of x in the triangle shown.
The equations two students used to solve
the problem are shown. Which student’s
equation, if any, results in a correct value
of x? What is the correct value of x?
Round your answer to the nearest
thousandth.

c. What relationship do you notice in

a
the table?

12

14. In the diagram below, show that

sin P=cos Q and cos P=sin Q. Explain
Student A: sin 35° — We why this is true for any pair of acute
angles in a right triangle.

Student B: cos 55° = ~ Q 15 R

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 42 Geometry
 Name Date Class

The student will use trigonometric ratios and the

Pythagorean Theorem tosolverighttriangles inproblems. _
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. Standing by a lighthouse L, you locate
‘ 1. Aramp that is being constructed must be two buoys, J and K. Buoy J is 72 yards
42 inches long and reach a ledge that is north of lighthouse L, buoy K is 75 yards
21 inches tall. Which inverse away from lighthouse L, and buoy K is
trigonometric ratio could be used to 21 yards east of buoy J. Circle each
find mZB? - inverse trigonometric ratio that could be
used to find mZL.
A
J 21yd K
42 in.
21 in.

72 yd 75 yd
Cc B

® sin ics

42 L
® sin lige
ane oe sin-'(Z2)
75 75
© cos (es i

@®) sin" eS
COs”
i
75

2.
tan” We

2. City A is 350 miles due south of City B.

City C is 500 miles due east of City B. CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
What is the measure of ZC to the 4. Priya has planted a garden shaped like a
nearest degree? right triangle. One leg of the triangle is
B7 ;C 5 meters long, and the angle formed by it
500 miles
and the hypotenuse is 50°. If Priya wants
to build a fence around her garden, how
many meters of fence will she need?
Round your answer to the nearest tenth.

5m

@ 35° ©) 55°
44° ® 90°
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 43 Geometry
 Name ‘: Dales ipa
oe eee

5. A ladder leans against the wall and 7. Aplane flies with a crosswind blowing
reaches a point 24 feet up the wall. The due west at 65 mi/h. What speed and
base of the ladder is 6 feet from the wall. direction should the pilot fly so that the
airplane travels due south at 450 mi/h?
D Draw a sketch that models the situation.
Round the speed to the nearest tenth and
the angle to the nearest degree.

24 ft

bed
E 6ft5.
a. To the nearest degree, what
angle does the ladder make with
the ground? 2 8. A shelf extends perpendicularly 26 cm
from a wall. You want to place a 32 cm
helf as shown
brace under the shelf, h below.
below
b. Explain two ways to find the angle
formed by the ladder and the wall Shelf
using the sides of the triangle or your A 26 cm B
answer from part a.

Wall
32 cm
. , B
6. Stefan and Angela are building a ioe
ramp with the dimensions shown. To
find the height of the ramp, Stefan Cc
says they should use the expression
a. To the nearest tenth of.a centimeter,
36 sin 29°. Angela says they should
how far below the shelf should the
use the expression 36 cos 29°.
brace be attached to the wall? Show
your work.
36 in.

_b. To the nearest degree, what angle

F does the brace make with the wall?
oe Show your work.
Whose expression is correct?
What error did the other person
make? What is the height of the c. To the nearest degree, what angle
ramp? Round your answer to the does the brace make with the shelf?
nearest tenth. Show your work.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 44 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will derive the formula A = 5ab sin(C) for the
area of a triangle.
SELECTED RESPONSE | CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Select the correct answer. 3. Write an expression for the area of
‘leWhich of the following expressions is — AXYZ. Then compute the area,
equivalent to h, the height of AABC? rounding to the nearest tenth.

45 cm

c a

Z 63 cm ie

A b Cc
@ csinB 4. Consider the diagram below.
® bsinc
© asinc gu
@® asinB
1
: sinao =
X.A
Select all correct answers. ae 12 yd <3
2. Which of the following formulas could be eye
used to find the area of AABC? T 43°
A

a. Find the measures of ZTRS and

ZURS. What can you conclude about
the sines of these angles?

b. Use your work from part a to write an ©

expression for the height of the
@ Area= 1 ab sinC | triangle h in terms of ZTRS. Do not
2 solve for h.
Area = zabsin A
mT ; c. Use your work from part b to write an
©) Area= be sin A expression for the area of ARST.
Do not evaluate.
@ Area= sabcos C
4 : d. Compute the area, rounding to the
© Area= peel B nearest tenth.

() Area= =be sin B

45 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name ee Date Class

5. Consider AWXY, shown below, in which 7. Let AABC bea triangle with side
WX =6 and WY =7. lengths a, b, and c. Show that the area of

the triangle is sabsin C.

B a Cc

a. Draw an altitude from A to side BC.

Let h be the length of the altitude.
a. Write an expression for the area of
Then, sin C=
AWXY in terms of the side lengths
WY and WX and the measure of ZW, b. Solving for h shows that
not their values. h=
c. The standard formula for the area of

b. Use your expression from part b and a triangle is Area = =(base)(height).

the values from part a to find the area
of AWXY ‘to the nearest hundredth.
In AABC, the length of the base is
and the height is h.
d. Area of AABC=
6. Xander plans to use the formula e. Now substitute the value of h from
part b.
Area = zie sin F to find the area of
Area of AABC=
ADEF. Erica plans to use the formula
Area = sofsin E. Which student is . The area of AABC with sides a, b, andc
can be found with the formula
correct? Explain.
Area = sab sin C. Use this formula to

write an expression for the area of an

equilateral triangle APQR with side °
F
length s. Justify your answer.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 46 Geometry
 Name Date Class

The student will prove the Law of Sines and the Law of
_Cosines and use them to solve problems.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer for each
Select the correct answer. lettered part.
1. Using only the information in the 3. Tell whether each set of given information
diagram, which equation could be used is enough to solve APQR using the Law
to find m2x? : of Sines or the Law of Cosines.

45

67

Z R
a. mZP= 64°: O Law of Sines
54 mZQ = 94°: © Law of Cosines
x Daa10 © Neither
sin X sin Y De =10! O Law of Sines
@ Aethe Bae GA" O Law of Cosines
A Fs ; fimiS © Neither
Bene ro pe oan vole COsX c. mZP = 64°: O Law of Sines
© 45? = 547 + 677 2-54-67-cosX mZQ = 94°; © Law of Cosines
, mZRe 22° O Neither
Vee 2 :
(> 67 =)45 + 54 —2+45-54-cosX dip =10: © Law of Sines

. : mZQ = 94°; O Law of Cosines

. Which equation eoue be used to find z’% fas CiNelner
— ’

e. mMZP= 64°: © Law of Sines

oki Male O Law of Cosines
MAR = 22° © Neither

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
4. Write an equation to find the value of d.
Then find the value to the nearest tenth.
D

@ a okt i = ee e

® Pre ag ‘ os

® cae ae
© ‘Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 47 Geometry
 Name Date Class

5. Consider AABC in the diagram below. 6. Use the Law of Sines and Law of Cosines
a to write three expressions equivalent to r.
r

10

t r
A c

a. Can you use the Law of Sines or R T

the Law of Cosines to solve the s
triangle? Explain.

b. Find the lengths of the unknown

sides and angle. Round to the
7. Find the measures of all the angles of the
nearest whole number.
triangle. Round to the nearest tenth.

Cc
, 41 a 15

B D
52

8. Complete the proof of the Law of Cosines below.

Given: AABC with altitude CD .
Prove: a* = b*? + c*-— 2bc cos A |
a. In AADC, cos A= , SO
x=
Also, by the Pythagorean Theorem,
xX+h =
b. Now consider ACDB.
@=(6 =x) + Pythagorean Theorem
a=e 20K ex ee Expand (c — x).
a=c2—20x+ Substitute for x* + h?.
a= b* +c* — 2cx Rearrange terms.
a=b? + ¢* — 2c( ) Substitute for x.
= bee Simplify.
By a similar argument, b* = a* + c? — 2ac cos B and c* = a* + b? — 2ab cos C.

© Houguibd Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

WIN Spy eS 1S MELD OE A an Se Toe = nn ae
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 48 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will apply the Law of Sines and the Law of
Cosines to find unknown measurements in triangles.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. Rafael wants to enclose a triangular area
1. A stone wall forms a 63° angle with the with a fence. One side of the triangle is
side of a house that is 10 yards long. formed by the wall of his house. He has
A fence is being constructed that will form already built one side of the enclosure,
an 80° angle with the house, as shown. 30 feet long and forming a 40° angle with
How much fencing must be used to the house at point A. Rafael has a
enclose the area between the house and maximum of 22 feet of fencing left to use
the stone wall? ~ to build a fence from point B to the wall.
Which of the following could be the
distance between point A and point C,
where the fence meets the wall?
B

stone wall fence 30 ft

40°
A wall

house (10 yards)

CA 10.5 ft

ie y9 © 125
© 14.8 yd @) 25 ft

2. A surveyor at point S locates a tree f 33 ft

200 meters away, at point 7. The @® 34.5ft
surveyor turns 80° counter-clockwise and @ 50 tt
locates a rock formation 50 meters away,
at point R. Which equation below could CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
be used to find RT, the distance between
ee sadha mck fanmaton? 4. A kayak sets out from shore, paddling
due south at 8 miles per hour. There is a
@ 200? = RT* + 50* — 2(RT)(50) cos 80° current flowing at 4 miles per hour in the
RT? = 200? + 50* — 2(200)(50) cos 80° direction 45° west of south. What is the
502 = RT2 + 2002 — 2(RT)\(200) cos 80° final speed and direction of the kayak?
© 9 2 2 te ) ‘ Round to the nearest tenth of a mile per
ee OU ERI S0) cos hour and to the nearest degree.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company ;

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 49 Geometry

Name Date Class

5. You want to measure the height of a tree 7. Standing at point X, the angle of elevation
growing vertically on the side of a hill. formed by a building is 19°. From point Y,
The hill makes an angle of 20° with the 75 ft closer to the building, the angle of
horizontal. Standing 15 ft downhill from elevation is 37°.
the base of the tree, you measure the =
angle formed by the hill and the top of the
tree to be 45°. Find the height of the tree
to the nearest foot. Show your work.
building

Xx 75 ft Y N

a. Find mZXWY. Explain your

reasoning.

6. Standing on the shore at point A, you b. Use the result from part a and the
locate a buoy in the water at point B, Law of Sines to find WY.
which is 170 m from point A and forms a
50° angle with the shore. From point C,
due east of point A, your friend measures
the distance to the buoy to be 140 m.
c. Use the result from part b and the
a. Find two possible measures for Law of Sines to find WZ.
ZACB, the angle formed by the
buoy and the shore from the
perspective of point C. Round to the
nearest degree.
d. Use the result from part c and the
Law of Sines to find WX.

. A force of 35 pounds and a force of

b. Use your answers from part a to 22 pounds act on an object. The angle
determine the two possible distances between the two forces is 52°. Write an
between points A and C. Round to equation for the magnitude of the
the nearest meter. resultant force. Fhen find the magnitude
of the resultant force, to the nearest tenth
of a pound.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 50 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will prove that all circles are similar.

SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. Circle the correct words to complete the
1. What is an equation of a line of reflection sentence.
that maps point X onto point Y? To map point M onto point N, translate
4units ba and 4units a :
right down

@ x=2
® y=-1
© y=1 CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
@® x=-1
4. If possible, define a sequence of similarity
2. What scale factor could be used to make
transformations that maps circle A onto
circle B. If no such sequence exists,
an image of circle X that is congruent to
circle Y?
explain why not.

3
5
1
@ ALO
wl
Cc Zz

51 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class

5. Find the scale factor of the dilation with 7. Describe two different sequences of
centerA that maps AB onto AB’. similarity transformations that map
Explain why that scale factor could be circle M onto circle N.
used to map circle A onto circle A’.
B' Circle A’

ve

Circle A

6. Complete each statement.

. Complete the proof below.

Given: Circle C with radius rand
circle D with radius s.
Prove: Circle Cis similar to circle D.
a. First transform circle C with the
translation that maps point C onto

b. Let the image of circle C be circle C’.

The center of circle C’ must lie at
a. The scale factor of a dilation that
maps circle A onto a circle congruent c. Now transform circle C’ with a
to circle Bis dilation that has center D and scale
b. The scale factor of a dilation that factor :
maps circle B onto a circle congruent d. After the dilation, the radius of the
to circle C is : image of circle C’ is
c. The scale factor of a dilation that e. The center of the image of circle C’ is
maps circle C onto a circle congruent
to circle Ais . f. Since translations and dilations are
d. Determine the scale factor of a » YOu
dilation that maps a circle with radius can conclude that circle C is similar
r onto a circle congruent to a circle | to circle D.
with radius s.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 52 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will identify and describe relationships among

inscribed angles, radii, and chords.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. Circle the expressions below that are
1. What is the measure of ZACB below? equivalent to mZAOB.
A

: ZN

D
ee ae E

@® 25°
50° 9 (mZACB) mZDOE

©) 100° mZACB mZDFE

@) 150° 2(mZACB) 2(mZDFE)
2. Which statement below correctly relates mAB mDE
ZBDC and ZBAC?
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
4. Find mZCOD and mZDBA.

CA) ZBDC and ZBAC are

complementary.
ZBDC and ZBAC are
supplementary.
(©) ZBDC and ZBAC are congruent.
() It is impossible to determine a
relationship between ZBDC
and ZBAC.

53 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class

5. Find mZBOC and mZBAO. Explain your 7. Suppose ZRST is inscribed in a circle
answers. with center O, and MZRST= x°.
a. If ZRST is an acute angle, describe
the measure of its associated central
angle, ZROT.

b. If ZRST is an obtuse angle, describe

the measure of its associated central
angle, ZROT.

8. Consider the inscribed triangle shown in

the diagram.

6. MN is tangent to circle O at point M.

What is the measure of ZOMN?
Explain your answer.

a. The measure of an arc is equal to the

measure of the corresponding central
angle. Write an equation for mAB in
terms of mBC.

b. Use AABC to write an equation for

mZACB in terms of mZBAC.
Explain.

c. If mZBAC = 27°, find mZACB and

mAB.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company be

 Date eee aE ee Class
Name

The student will inscribe/circumscribe circles of a triangle,

and prove angle properties for an inscribed quadrilateral.
SELECTED RESPONSE |
1. In the diagram below, C is the circumcenter of A XYZ. Classify each statement below by
putting a check mark in the appropriate column.

Zh eee ACXZ is isosceles.

ACYZ is equilateral.

XY is a diameter of
circle C.

Select the correct answer. CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE

2. Which of the following best describes 4. Use the diagram to explain why
how to find the circumcenter ofa - mZADC = 85°.
triangle? D
®) Find the intersection of the three
. altitudes of the triangle.
Find the intersection of the
perpendicular bisectors of the sides Cc
of the triangle. 7
©) Find the intersection of the angle
bisectors for each angle in the triangle. | °
Find the intersection of the three A
medians of the triangle. er
B
3. You are constructing the inscribed
circle for AJKL. Choose the best first
step below.
CA) Construct the altitude from JL to ZK.
Construct the midpoint of KE
> Construct the perpendicular bisector
of JK.
@) Construct the bisector of 2.

© 55 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class
i

5. Use the diagram below. Tell what you 8. Complete the proof below.
can conclude about mZR, mZQ, and Given: Quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in
mZS. Explain your reasoning. circle O.
Prove: ZA and ZC are supplementary;
Q R ZB and ZD are supplementary.
D

<<
a. BCD and DAB make a complete
6. Construct the circumcircle of AABC. circle, so mBCD + mDAB =
A b. ZA is an inscribed angle and its
intercepted arc is BCD; ZC is an
inscribed angle and its intercepted
arc is DAB. Write mZA and mZC in
terms of mBCD and mDAB, —
respectively.
mZA =
mZC=
B c. Write an expression for
mZA + mZC.
7. Construct the circle inscribed in AABC.
A d. Show why the expression in part c
equals 180°.

So, ZA and ZC are supplementary.

A similar argument shows that 7B
and ZD are supplementary.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 56 Geometry
Name ; Date Class

The student will construct a tangent line from a point outside

a given circle to the circle.
SELECTED RESPONSE 4. Explain how you know that CD isa
Select the correct answer.
tangent line to circle A.
1. What is the best first step when
constructing a line tangent to circle C
from point P outside circle C?
@® Choose any point X on circle C and
draw PX.
Draw acircle with center P and
radius CP.
(©) Draw an arc centered at point P that
intersects circle C exactly once.
(@® Draw CP and construct the midpoint.

2. Manuela is constructing a tangent line to

circle Cfrom point P. She has already
drawn CP and found the midpoint M, as
shown below. Where should Manuela
place the point of her compass to
continue the construction?
5. Rachel and Naomi are given circle C and
point P below and are asked to construct
a line tangent to circle C that passes
through point P. Rachel draws one
tangent line and Naomi draws the other
tangent line. What can you conclude
about PN and PR? Explain.

CA) Point C
®) Point M
©) Point P
@ Any point X on circle C
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
3. How many tangent lines to a circle C
pass through a point P outside the circle?
Explain.

aee ee

SiHoughton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 57 Geometry
 Name. Dette Rc
i1s aeoksls tees
6. a. Describe the procedure for 8. Construct twolines tangent to circle C
constructing a line tangent to a circle that pass through point P.
C through a point P outside of the
circle.

&
P

b. Can you use the same procedure to

construct = tangent linethat PeeTee 9. Construct both lines tangent to circle A
through point Pon the circle? that pass through point B. Label the
Explain. points of tangency Wand X on circle A.
Then construct both lines tangent to circle
C that pass through B. Label the points of
tangency Y and Z on circle C.

7. Construct the two tangent lines to circle A

that pass through point C. Label the
points B and D where the tangent lines _(2)
intersect the circle. What can you 'B
conclude about ZBCD and ZBAD?
Explain your answer.
c
&

a. What do you notice about the

tangent lines?

b. Point B lies between points A and C.

What conclusion can you make about
the ratio AB : CB? Explain your
reasoning.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Fn SS SS SS Se ee
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 58 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will derive that an intercepted arc length is

SELECTED RESPONSE | 4. Write an equation for the arc length of

Select the correct answer. CD in terms of the arc length of AB.
1. Circle the expression that completes a Show your work to justify your answer.
correct statement.

The area of the shaded sector is

5. Consider the diagram below.

2. What is the’constant of proportionality for C B

the relationship between the length of the
arc intercepted by a 80° angle and the
radius of the circle?

® x :
4

ola
o|s
@
e
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
a. Find the area of each of the five
3. Raoul claims that when you multiply the
sectors in the circle. Use 3.14 for z
radius of,a sector by 4 without changing
and round your answers to the
the measure of its central angle, the area
nearest hundredth. Show your work.
of the sector is multiplied by 4. ls Raoul
correct? Explain.

b. Check your work in part a by finding

the sum of the five sector areas and
comparing it to the area of the circle.

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 59 Geometry

Name . Date Class

6. Consider a set of concentric circles, as 7. Consider the diagram below.

shown below.

a. Complete the table below for the arc

a. Choose three values of rand
lengths of the 60° arcs. Leave your
answers in terms of z. calculate the length of AB and BC
for each value. Leave your answers
in terms of z.

b. On the grid below, plot the points

described in the table from part a.
Connect the points with a line.

b. Divide each arc length you found in

part a by the radius of the circle.
What do you notice?

c. Without repeating parts a and b, write

an equation for the length of an arc
with central angle 135°.

c. What type of relationship exists

between arc length and the radius of d. What is the radian measure of a
a circle? 135° angle? Explain.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 60 Geometry
 Name _.-
Date Class

The student will find the equation of a circle of given center

and radius, and find the center and radius of a given circle.
SELECTED RESPONSE 3. Circle the correct ordered pair to
Select all correct answers. complete the sentence below.
"1. Which of the following equations describe A circle has radius r and center (h, k).
a circle with center (2, —1) and radius 5? You choose (x, y) as an arbitrary point on
@ (x- 2)? + (y+ 1)? =25 the circle..A right triangle is drawn with
(h, k) and (x, y) as the vertices of the
B®(x+2)°+(y-1 =25 hypotenuse, and legs that are horizontal
© ~-4x4+44742y41=25 and vertical.
DM 74+ 4x+44Y-2y4+1=25
® °+4x+yY -2y=20
® x°-4x+y+2y=20
Select the correct answer.
2. What value should be added in the
blanks to complete the square?
X+8x+ + 4+10y+25=-154+_
CA)4
8
B®
© 16
@ 64

The point could be the vertex

of the right angle.

Match each equation with the description of the circle it represents.

___ 4. (x-4)°
+ (y-5) =4 A center: (—7, 2); radius 3
STS OORT)
+ (y=2r=9 center: (—7, —2); radius NES
To 6, x 10x + — 8y=—39 center: (—2, 7); radius 3
tx + 8x4 + 10y=-25 center: (2, —7); radius 3

6, x Axe y+ 14y=-50 center: (—4, —5); radius 4

center: (4, 5); radius 2
center: (5, —4); radius v2
ww center: (5, 4); radius V2
xzxqQaqamnuoemoogqo

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 61 Geometry

Name . Daié\ aie, a las

11. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to write

CON nD Hee RES oon the equation of a circle with center
9. Emily wants to write the equation C(7, -2) and point P(4, +6) on the circle.
x*- 16x+ ¥ + 10y = 11 in the form Show your work.
(x — h)? + (y—k)* = so she can describe
the circle that is formed by the equation.
After completing the square and
factoring, Emily incorrectly says that the
graph is the circle with center (8, —5) and
12. The graph of the equation
radius /11. What was Emily’s likely 4+ 6x+y¥— By =-9 isa circle.
error? What is the correct description of
the cradle? it
a. Complete the square and then write
the equation in the form
(x — h)’? + (y—k)? =. Show
your work.

10. Consider the circle in the diagram below.

b. Describe the center and radius of

the circle.

13. The equation x* — 22x + y’ + 4y =-61

describes a circle.
a. Rewrite the equation of the circle so
it is in the form (x — h)* + (y— kf =P.
a. What are the coordinates of point A?

b. Write the equation of the circle after a

translation 6 units to the left and
b, Write expressions for CA and PA.
3 units up. Show your work.

c. Use the Pythagorean Theorem and

your answers from part b to write a
relationship between the side lengths c. Describe the center and radius of the
of ACAP that uses the variables
circles described by the equations in
x, y, h, k, and r. parts a and b.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company eee

SS SS SS

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 62 Geometry

Name Date Class

The student will derive the equation of a parabola given a

focus and directrix.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 4. Which points are on the parabola with
1. In the diagram below, Fis the focus of focus (0, 4) and directrix y = -4?
theparabola, line dis the directrix, and
@ (-8, 4) ® (4, 1)
QP 1 d. What is the relationship
(0, —4) © (9, 12)
between FP and QP?
© (0, 4) © (12, 9)
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
5. Use the distance formula to write the
equation of the parabola with focus
F(0, -3) and directrix y= 3. Show
your work.

6. A parabola has focus (0, —2) and directrix

Va2:
a. Write the equation of the parabola.
FP < QP
EP = QP
b. Graph the parabola, the focus, and
© FP>e@P
the directrix below.
@) A relationship cannot be determined.

2. Which point is always on a parabola with

focus F(0, p) and directrix y= —p?
A (0, 0)
'® (0, p)
© (p, 0)
®D) (p, p)
3. Which focus and directrix correspond to a

parabola described by y = s x??

CA) Focus (0, —4) and directrix y = -4
Focus (0, 4) and directrix y = 4 c. Use the graph from part b to find the
vertex of the parabola. Explain your
© Focus (0, -4) and directrix y= 4 answer.
@) Focus (0, 4) and directrix y=—4

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 63 Geometry

Name Date Class

7. Eric is writing the equation of a parabola - 8. The focus of a parabola whose vertex is
with focus F(0, 7) and directrix y = —7. His at the origin is the point (0, —1.5).
work, including a mistake, is shown a. What is the directrix of the parabola?
below. What is Eric’s mistake? What is
the correct equation of the parabola?
b. What is the equation of the parabola?

V(x- OF +(y-7) = y(x— x) +(y +7)

WE ay = ety
yx +(y-7) =|y+7 c. Verify that the point (3, -1.5) on the
xX?-+(y—7)? =|y +7) parabola is equidistant from the focus
and the directrix. Show your work.
x?+y?4+49=y*?+14y+49

9. Let the focus of a parabola be the point F(0, p) and let the directrix be the line y = —p. Let
P(x, y) be a point on the parabola. Complete the work below to derive the equation of the
parabola. :
a. Let Q be the point of intersection of the perpendicular from P and the directrix. The
coordinates of Q are
b. By the definition of a parabola, FP =

c. By the distance formula, FP =./(x—0)*+(y—p)? =/x?+(y—p)* and .

QP = V(x—xP +y-CpyP = 0+ (y+ p=
d. Set FP equal to QP and simplify.
vx +(y-py = ly+p]
x? +(y—p) = ly+p Square both sides.
x? + y? —2py + p* = Expand the squared terms.
x? —2py = Subtract Y and p” from both sides.
xX? = Add 2py to both sides.
= V Solve for y.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

ag fa a de Dba Ln Re Te ep ey ey BRST Ema Ta a
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 64 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will use coordinates to prove simple geometric

theorems algebraically.
SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Select the correct answer. 4. a. Describe two methods to prove that
1. Which of the following sets of points are AABC is a right triangle.
vertices of a right triangle?
@ A(-1, -3), B(4, -3), C(2, -1)
A(-2, 2), B(1, —4), C(4, 2)
Ce) A(-1, 1), B(3, 5), C(4, -4)
@® A(-1, 3), B(-4, -3), C(-4, 1)

2. Which angle in the quadrilateral with b. Use either of these methods to prove
vertices A(2, —4), B(—-5, —2), C(-4, 2), that AABC isa right triangle.
and D(4, 0) is a right angle?
CA) ZABC
ZBCD
(Qe7GDA
@ ZDAB

3. Use the equation of the circle centered at

the origin and containing the point (0, 5)
to determine if each point lies inside the
circle, on the circle, or outside the circle.
Indicate where the point lies by putting a
check mark in the appropriate column.

Inside Outside
Circle Fae Circle

oe
ss
5. GH has endpoints G(-2, -6) and H(4, 1)
Prove that the midpoint of GH lies in
quadrant IV.

SZ PES geen nore] find wate)

Sluoughton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
65 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name & dee hay
Datel: <i bigs

6. Consider AXYZ with vertices X(-4, 2), ‘8: Tracy incorrectly says that the
Y¥(3, 1), and Z(—2, —4). quadrilateral determined by the points
D(-1, 3), E(3, 4), F(6, 0), and G(—-2, —2)
is a parallelogram.
a. Prove that DEFG is nota
parallelogram.

b. Use the slopes or lengths of the

sides of DEFG to classify it.

a. Prove or disprove that AXYZ

is isosceles.
c. Determine a way to change the
coordinates of one vertex of DEFG
so that it is a parallelogram. Prove
ee that your resulting figure is a
b. Use the result from part a to prove or parallelogram.-
disprove that A XYZ is equilateral.

7. Quadrilateral ABCD has coordinates

A(-2, 1), B(2, 4), C(4, 3), and D(O, 0). 9. Use the generic right triangle shown to
prove that the midpoint M of the
a. Show that ABCD is a parallelogram
hypotenuse ofa right triangle is
by showing that opposite sides
equidistant from all three vertices.
are parallel.

b. Show that ABCD is a parallelogram

by showing that opposite sides
are congruent.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready forHigh-Stakes Assessment 5's §$ss/h —)——Ut—<“<i~‘—‘“‘“‘“‘;2 3O*~<S*:” my,
Name Date Class

The student will prove the slope criteria for parallel and
perpendicular lines and use them to solve problems.
SELECTED RESPONSE 5. Quadrilateral ABCD isa square. Use
Select the correct answer. slopes to prove that AC and BD
1. What is the slope of a line perpendicular Pe a ar eesti:
to y=-4x-1?
CA -4
1
Se,
1
Qa
@ 4

2. Circle the number that makes the

statement true.
The line parallel to y = 3x — 4 that passes

through the point (2, 3) has y-intercept

Select all correct answers.

3. Which equations below represent lines
that are perpendicular to the line that
contains (1, —2) and (3, 4)? 6. Use the figure to prove 21 = Z7.

@ y=-3x-5
® y=3x-3
© y-2=3(x+1)
@M x+3y=9
C 3x+y=-5
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
4. Write the equation of a line parallel to
y = 2x + 2 that passes through the point
(—1, -7). Show your work.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 67 Geometry
Name Dale te eer ee

7. Complete the proof below. 8. Complete the proof below.

Given: Non-vertical lines m and n, with Given: The product of the slope of line m
‘m||n. and the slope of line n is —1.
Prove: Line m and line n have the same Prove: mLn
slope. ‘cial a
Let A and B be two points on line m. , a: Letlinewhave postive Siape b’
Draw a horizontal line through A and a where a and b are positive.
vertical line through B to create AABC. Let line n have slope z. It is given
Extend AC to intersect line n at point D
and then extend it to point F so that that ze ‘=-—1. Solve for z to find the
AC = DF. Draw a vertical line through F slope of line n: z= :
intersecting line rn at point E.
Assume the lines intersect at point P.
ST and PR are horizontal line
segments and PT and QR are
vertical line segments.

a. Since m||n, ZBAC = ZEDF because

b. ABAC = AEDF by

C. BC = Se because

d. This means : b. ST= and PT =

Ye BC _EF y c. Also, ZT= ZR because
AC DF

Wie pee ee d. So, ASTP

= AQRP by
Therefore, line m and line n have the
same slope.
e. Z1 = Z3 because

=. PT isa vertical line segment and

PR is a horizontal line segment, so
ZTPRis a right angle.
This means that 22 and 43 are

g. By substitution, 71 and 22 are

h. Therefore, mZSPQ = , and

line-m is perpendicular to line n.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company ,

oe oo 33959999990
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 68 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will find the point on a segment between two

given points that partitions the segment in a given ratio.
Using the list of ordered pairs below, write
SELECTED RESPONSE the ordered pair for the point that correctly
Select the correct answer.
partitions the segment.
1. Point P partitions the directed segment
from A to B in the ratio 2 to 3. AP is what
percent of AB?
CA 40% © 67%
60% @) 150%
. Which point
P on XY partitions the
directed segment from X to Y in the
ratio 4 to 1?

po------------

. Directed segment from W to x, |

partitioned in the ratio 2 to 3.
prt ctr rc crcone

. Directed segment from Y to X, |

partitioned in the ratio 1 to 3. iam ee meee meee

. Directed segment from Yto Z, |

partitioned in the ratio 3 to 4. Vw ec i ae ppet es

. Directed segment from Z to W,

partitioned in the ratio 7to1. {.-.....W.....
@ P(-2.6, 1.6)
CB) P(-2.25, 1.75)
© P(1.25, 3.25)
@®) P(1.6, 3.4)
Select all correct answers. CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
3. Consider the directed line segment from
8. Find a point P on the directed segment
M(-3, 1) to N(3, 4). Determine which of
from S(-—2, —5) to 7(5, —3) that partitions
the following statements are true.
the segment in the ratio 4 to 3. Show
C® The point P(1, 3) partitions the * your work.
segment in the ratio 2 to 1.
The point Q(-1, 2) partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 2.
©) The point R(0, 2.5) partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 2.
@ The point S(0, 2.5) partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 1.
CE The point 7(-1, 4.5) partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 1.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment ; 69
Name ’ Date jie iii
creomiere? fe Oleises

9. The point P(1, 2) partitions the directed 11. A highway is being built between city A
segment from A(—3, 0) to B in the ratio and city B. There will be 3 rest areas built
2 to 3. on the highway so that the highway is
a. What are the coordinates of B?
divided into 4 equal parts. Find the
coordinates of the points where the rest
areas should be built. Show your work.

b. Use slope to verify that B lies on AP.

Explain your answer.

10. Beatriz incorrectly claims that the point

that partitions the directed segment from
C(8, -2) to D(—5, 9) in the ratio 3 to 1 is
P(4.75, 0.75).

12. a. Find the coordinates of a point P that =

lies on the directed segment from

C(-9, —3) to D(8, 5) and partitions the
segment in the ratio 1 to 4. Show
your work.

a. Find the correct coordinates of a

point that partitions the directed
b. Find the coordinates of a point Q that
segment from C toD in the ratio lies on the directed segment from D
3 to 1. Show your work.
to C and partitions the segment in the
ratio 1 to 3. Show your work.

b. How does Beatriz’s point partition the c. Without calculating CD or PQ,

directed segment from C to D? express PQ as a percent of CD.
Explain. _ Explain your answer.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 70 Geometry
Name Date _ Class
_The student will use coordinates to compute perimeters of
polygons and areas of triangles and rectangles.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. Which of the statements are true?
1. What is the perimeter of ABCDE,
rounded to the nearest whole number?

(A The area of AACD is 8 square units.

@ 19units © 30units aad

The area of AADE
,
is 7.5 square

23 units ©) 33 units ©) The perimeter of AAFB is greater

than 13 units.
2. BD is an altitude of AABC. What is the
(> The perimeter of AABC is 12 units.
exact area of AABC?
CE The perimeter of BCDEF is less than
24 units.

4. Circle the true statements.

The exact area of ABCD is 25 square

CA (5V5+10V2 +15|square units units.

75 square units The exact perimeter of ABCD is

4V13 units.
© 75/2 square units
@ 150 square units The intersection of the diagonals of
ABCD is 425.4425);
ABCD is a square.
ABCD isa parallelogram.

71 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class

7. A city planner has plans to build two

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE small parks, shown in the diagram below.
5. A surveyor standing at point A(3, —1) Park A is a triangle, and park Bis a
marks two locations, B(—4, —3) and rectangle. Each unit on the coordinate
C225) grid represents 1 yard.
a. Graph AABC. Then explain why the
triangle is a right triangle.

a. Find the length of each side of each

park. Round to the nearest tenth of
a yard.

b. Find the exact area of AABC if each

unit on the grid represents 1 yard.

b. The plans call for grass to be planted

6. The coastline of an island may be to cover the areas shown in the
approximated by a polygon with vertices diagram. Which park requires more
Q(-50, 300), R(150, 200), S(250, 0), grass to be planted? Explain.
7(150, —250), U(—200, —250), and
V(—450, 50). |
a. Find the length of the coastline of the
island to the nearest foot if each unit
on the coordinate grid represents
1 foot. Show your work.
c. The plans also call for a fence to be
built around each park. Assuming
that each park will have only one
gate, and both gates are the same
b. Describe a strategy you could use to size, which park requires a longer
calculate the area of the island using _ fence? Explain.
only rectangles and triangles. (Do not
calculate the area.)

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 72 . Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will give informal arguments for the area and
circumference of a circle; and various volume formulas.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. Circle the solids that can be shown to
1. To approximate the circumference of a have the same volume by using
circle, regular polygons are inscribed in Cavalieri’s principle.
the circle. As the number of sides n A right rectangular prism with cross-
increases, the perimeter of the polygon sectional area B and height h
approaches the circumference of the
circle. The diagram below shows a A right cylinder with cross-sectional area
regular n-gon inscribed ina circle, with Band height h

OM drawn from the center of the circle A pyramid with base area B and height h
to the midpoint of side AB. Which A right rectangular prism with cross-
statement below is true? sectional area 2B and height :

An oblique cylinder with cross-sectional

area B and height h

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
4. The diagram shows a circle with radius r
broken into 8 sectors and arranged to
form a shape that can be approximated
by a parallelogram.
fe

@® AAOB is an equilateral triangle.

AAOM is an isosceles triangle.
© AAOM = ABOM

@) OM isa radius of circle O.

2. According to Cavalieri’s principle, under
what conditions are the volumes of two
solids equal? :
CA) When the cross-sectional areas are
the same at every level a. What are the approximate base and
When the areas of the bases are height of the parallelogram? Explain.
equal and the heights are equal
(© When the cross-sectional areas are ;
the same at every level and the b. What is the approximate area of
heights are equal the parallelogram?
(D> When the bases are congruent and
the heights are equal c. Use your results from part b to write
a formula for the area of a circle with
radius r. Justify your answer.

ner Geitinlewhlmys (lie meagan

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 73 Geometry
Name ‘ Date Class

5. Acircle is inscribed in a regular polygon, 7. In order to develop the formula for the
and a second regular polygon is inscribed circumference of a circle, you inscribe
in the circle. Explain how you can use the regular polygons inside a circle and use
areas of the polygons to approximate the the perimeter of these polygons to
area of the circle. approximate the circumference of the
circle. It can be shown that the perimeter
_of a regular n-gon inscribed in a circle
with radius ris 2nr sin(120)

a. Complete the table by finding the

- perimeter of the regular polygons
. Use the triangular prism shown belowv
to
with the given number of sides
find the volume of a pyramid. Edges EB inscribed in a circle with radius 1.
and FC are congruent to AD and Round your answers to four
parallel to AD. The bases of the prism, decimal places.
AEFA and ABCD, are congruent.
:a Perimeter
A

sc

a. EC is the diagonal of rectangle

EFCB,so A =A
b. Explain why pyramids A-EBC and
A-CFE have the same volume.

b. What trends do you notice in

the table?
c. Explain why pyramids C-EFA and
A-BCD have the same volume.

d. Use your results from parts b and c

to relate the volume of A-BCD to the
volume of the triangular prism. c. Use your results from parts a and b
to write a formula for the
circumference of a circle.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 74 Geometry
Name é Date Class
The student will use volume formulas for cylinders,
pyramids, cones, and spheres to solve problems.
SELECTED RESPONSE
Using the list of solids to the right, write the description of the solid with the same
volume as the given solid.
1. A cylinder with radius 3 '| A cylinder with radius 4 and height 3
and height 4 ees, oe Le
po------=---------------; | A sphere with radius 3
2. Acone with radius 3
and height 16 : /t | A pyramid with base area 4 and height 8
3. A square pyramid with ? '| Acone with radius 16 and height 3
side length 8 and height 6; ,
waht fr-eeees=--------------;, | A prism with base area 16 and height 8
4. A square pyramid with
sidelengthSandheight6 ; ' | A prism with base area 25 and height 2

Select the correct answer. CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE

5. The radius of an official NBA basketball is 8. Andrea buys a vase in the shape of an
about 4.7 inches. What is the volume of oblique cylinder shown below. What is
an NBA basketball? the volume of the vase? Show your work
@ 69.4 in® ©) 277.6 in® : and round to the nearest tenth.
244.6 in? @) 434.9 in®
6. The volume of a square pyramid with cory
height 2.4 cm is 3.2 cm®. What is the
width of the base of the pyramid?
@ 2.0 cm ©) 3.2cm iesBe
2.4cm @) 4.0 cm

Select all correct answers.

7. Which of the following solids have a
volume greater than 200 m°? 9. A cylinder and a half-sphere model a
grain silo. What is the volume of the silo?
CA) A cylinder with radius 4 m and height Show your work and round to the nearest
5m cubic foot.
A square pyramid with base length
10 m and height 5 m
© Acone with radius 10 m and height
5m
(> A sphere with diameter 4 m
CE A rectangular pyramid with base
length 5 m, base width 15 m, and
height 10 m

Joes oatbitaed)poate 08acuen aaa

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment « 1S : Geometry
Name ' Date ge alee

10. The volume of a cone with radius rand 12. At the time it was constructed, the Great
Pyramid of Giza was 481 feet tall and its
height h is V = aarth, base was a square with side length
756 feet. Due to erosion and other
a. How does the volume change if the
factors, the height of the pyramid today
height is doubled and the radius
is about 455 feet.
stays the same? Explain.
a. Ignoring any interior chambers, what
was the volume of the pyramid at the
time of construction? Show your
work. Round your answer to the
nearest hundred thousand.

b. How does the height change if the

radius is doubled and the volume
stays the same? Explain.

b. What is the volume of the pyramid

now? Show your work. Round
your answer to the nearest
11. For an art project, Sylvia removes a right
hundred thousand.
cone from a block of wood shaped like a
right rectangular prism, as shown. The
heights of the cone and prism are the
same. To the nearest hundredth of a
cubic inch, what is the volume of the
remaining solid? Explain.

c. What percent of the volume at

construction is the volume of the
pyramid today? Round your answer
to the nearest percent.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name Class

The student will identify the shapes of cross-sections, and

identify three-dimensional objects generated by rotations.
SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Select the correct answer.
4. Sketch and describe the figure
1. Which of the following could not be a generated by rotating an isosceles
cross section of a cylinder? triangle around the line containing the
® A circle base of the triangle.
A semicircle
©) An ellipse
@®) A rectangle

2. A square pyramid is intersected by a

plane not parallel to the base. Also,
exactly two sides of the cross section are
parallel to two sides of the base, as . Compare and contrast the three-
shown below. What is the most precise dimensional figures generated by rotating
description of the cross section? the right triangles shown around the lines
containing one of the legs.

CA) Parallelogram
AL
Trapezoid
(©) Square
@) Kite
. What is the maximum number of sides
Select all correct answers. of a polygon formed by a plane that
3. Circle the three-dimensional figures intersects a rectangular prism? Draw a
that can be generated by rotating a diagram to explain your answer.
two-dimensional figure around aline.
Cylinder
Sphere
Cone
Prism
Pyramid

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name ‘ Date. eer
a aan ann preeneess

7. The right cylinder in the diagram has 8. Across section of a cylinder is shown
radius 3 cm and height 10 cm. below. If possible, explain how the cross
section could be rotated to generate a
cylinder congruent to the original cylinder.
If no such rotation is possible, explain
why not.

a. Describe the cross section formed by

the cylinder and a plane
perpendicular to the base that
contains the center of the base.
Include dimensions of the figure.

9. A plane intersects the prism shown below

at points B, D, and G but not any other
vertices. Draw and describe the cross
section formed, including its dimensions.
b. Suppose the cross section from Explain your answers.
part a is rotated around a line
containing one of its longer sides.
Describe the figure generated,
including its dimensions.

c. How does the volume of the figure

from part b compare to the volume of
the original cylinder? THER DoT edGre OnietlJanIie EBLE RE os

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 78 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will use geometric shapes, their measures, and

their properties to describe objects.
SELECTED RESPONSE 5. A factory packs and ships cereal boxes.
Select the correct answer. The cereal boxes are packed into
1. Which three-dimensional figure could best shipping crates in three layers of five
be used to model a log cut from a tree trunk? rows and three columns.
Rectangular prism a. What three-dimensional figure could
Cylinder be used to model one cereal box?

© Cone
@) Sphere b. Can the shipping crate be modeled
by the same shape? Explain.
2. Circle the word that makes the statement
correct.
On a map, Main Street intersects Elm
Street and forms a right angle. Summer
Street intersects both Main Street and 6. What three-dimensional figure best

models a can of soda? Use the figure to

Elm Street. A could best be approximate the volume and surface area
of a can if it is 4.8 inches tall and has a
diameter of 2.5 inches. Round to the
used to model the area between these nearest hundredth.
streets if all the streets are straight.

Select all correct answers.

3. A funnel is used to pour liquid from a
2 liter soda bottle into a test tube. What 7. Cynthia wins a trophy that is shaped like
combination of three-dimensional figures the right rectangular pyramid shown
could be used to model all the objects in below. A plane parallel to the base of the
this situation? pyramid divides the trophy into two
CA) Cylinder sections. The top section is made of
Cone glass and the bottom section is made of
©) Sphere wood. Describe the bases and the lateral
(i) Hemiepnere faces of the wooden section of the trophy.

CE) Rectangular prism

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
4. Your teacher gives you an unsharpened
round pencil and asks you to sharpen it.
Describe the three-dimensional shapes
you could use to model the pencil
before and after it is sharpened.
Explain your answers.

Harcourt Publishing Company ean ace

Stoughton Mifflin
eennee een nema
Nee
79 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class
‘

8. The distance across the island below is 9. Pablo is creating a sculpture of 30 clay
accurately measured by 3 different balls, arranged in 4 layers. The first layer
explorers. Their measurements are has 16 balls, the second has 9, then 4,
recorded in the table. and then 1. Each ball has a diameter of 1
~ foot. The figure below shows the profile of
B
the sculpture from each side.

a. Describe two different models Pablo

could use to approximate the amount
of clay he needs.

|Explorer |Distance|

a. What shape could best be used to

model the area and perimeter of the
island? Support your answer.

b. Which of the two models you

described in part a is a better
model? Explain.
b. Use the model from part a and
each explorer’s measurement to
find the area and perimeter of the
island. Round your answers to the
nearest tenth.

c. Use the model from part b to find the

amount of clay Pablo needs. Round
c. Use the average of the explorers’
your answer to the nearest tenth.
measurements and calculate the
area and perimeter of the island.
Round your answers to the
nearest tenth.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 80 Geometry
 Name Date Class

The student will apply concepts of density based on area and

volume in modeling situations.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. 3. Cubes with side length 5 cm are made
1. The population of the county modeled by out of five different materials. The mass
the quadrilateral below is 1,500,000. of each cube is shown. For which cubes
Each unit on the grid represents 1 mile. is the density less than 1 g/cm*?
To the nearest whole person, what is the
population density of the county?

5cm

5cm

@ 100g
® 112g
© 125g
@ 137g
40 80 120 160 x
C) 150g
. The population density of Japan is 875
CA) 104 people per square mile people per square mile. For each country,
125 people per square mile indicate whether its population density is
less than or greater than the population
C 150 people per square mile
density of Japan by putting a check mark
- @ 1250 people per square mile in the appropriate column.
2. Aconcrete cylinder has the dimensions
shown and a mass of 14,500 kg. To the
nearest kilogram per cubic meter, what is
the density of the concrete in the The Philippines
cylinder? People: 92,337,852
Area: 115,860 mi?
Singapore
People: 5,183,700
Area: 272 mi?
2m The Netherlands
People: 16,751,323
Area: 13,044 mi?
Italy
People: 59,464,644
Area: 116,336 mi?
CA 577 kg/m*
Switzerland
2308 kg/m* People: 7,952,600
©) 4615 kg/m° Area: 15,940 mi?
@> 14,500 kg/m*
- © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 81 Geometry
Name Date Class

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 7. An artist creates the rectangular

pyramid shown below out of solid silver.
5. Aspherical gas tank has the dimensions. The mass of the pyramid is 259.9 grams.
shown. When filled with gas, it provides Use the pyramid to calculate the density
117,500 Btu of energy. To the nearest of silver to the nearest tenth of a gram
10 Btu, how much energy does 1 cubic per cubic centimeter.
foot of the gas yield? Show your work.

55cm

. Grammage is the mass per unit area

of paper. Suppose an office printer
paper has a grammage of 80 grams
6. Edward cuts logs from three different -
per square meter.
types of trees. The table shows the °
diameter, height, and weight of each log. a. Asingle sheet of letter size paper
measures 216 mm by 280 mm.
Tree. Amwich. oAtai dc of C_| Express the area of one sheet of —
paper in square meters. Show
Height (ft your work.
Weight (Ib 352.5 | 179.4
a. Find the volume of each log to the
nearest tenth of a cubic foot.

b. What is the mass of a single sheet of

b. Use your results from part a to find letter size printer paper? Round to
the ratio of weight to volume for the nearest hundredth of a gram.
each log. Show your work.

c. Order the ratios from part b | c. A single ream of paper contains

from least to greatest. What do 500 sheets. What is the total mass
you notice? of the ream? Round to the
nearest gram.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 82 Geometry
Name é Date Class

The student will apply geometric methods to solve design

problems.
SELECTED RESPONSE 4. A water tank holds 15 L of water. Which
Select the correct answer. of the following solids describe a
1. You want to create a grid system container that could be completely filled
for a poster that is 20 cm wide and from the water tank and leave less than
15 cm tall. The grid will contain 0.5 L of water in the tank? Recall that 1 L
4 columns of identical rectangles, all is 1000 cm*.
similar to the poster. The poster has a CA) A cone with radius 25 cm and
margin of 1 cm on all sides and 0.67 cm height 27 cm
of space between neighboring columns. If A cylinder with radius 15 cm
the rectangles are all oriented in the and height 21 cm
same way as the poster, which of these
could be the dimensions of the rectangles? ©) A rectangular prism with
length 22 cm, width 30 cm, and
CA 3.67 cm by 2.75 cm height 22 cm
4cmby 3cm (D) A rectangular pyramid with
©) 4 cm by 5.33 cm base length 30 cm, width 50 cm,
@ 5 cm by 3.75 cm and height 10 cm
CE) A square pyramid with base
Select all correct answers.
length 30 cm and height 50 cm
2. Miguel wants to build a container out of
sheet metal that has a volume of about CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
320 in®. Which of the objects described 5. Teresa has 300 cm? of modeling clay and
requires the least amount of sheet metal? wants to sculpt a cylinder whose diameter
Assume that no sheet metal will be and height are equal. She incorrectly
wasted in the construction. says that the radius of her cylinder will be
CAD A rectangular prism with length 8in., about 4.6 cm. Her work is shown below.
width 8 in., and height 5 in. What was Teresa’s likely error? What is
the correct radius of the cylinder, rounded
A rectangular prism with length
to the nearest tenth of a centimeter?
10 in., width 8 in., and height 4 in.
Show your work.
©) A cylinder with radius 5 in. and
height 4 in. V=2r*h=arr(r)=are
(@® A square pyramid with base length mr = 300
10 in., height 10 in., and slant ee r> ~ 95.49
about 14 in. r=46
3. Use the numbers below to write values to
make the statement correct.
You have 400 cm? of clay to make a
sculpture inthe aeof a cone whose

i) N © S 0 Oo oO
el
3 “J

5.16 9.14 18.28

@'Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 83 Geometry
Name Date Class

6. A metal bar in the shape of the 8. Edgar.and Michelle are building a box out
rectangular prism below will be melted of a single sheet of plywood that is 5 feet
down and molded into a square pyramid long and 5 feet wide. Both Edgar and
whose height is twice its base side Michelle draw a plan to construct the top,
length. Find the dimensions of the square bottom, and sides of the box. Their
pyramid. Show your work. designs are shown below. The shaded
areas represent plywood that is not used.

Edgar's plan

16 in.

. Fora project, you are creating a cylinder

out of construction paper, including the
bases. You have one sheet of
construction paper that measures
12 inches by 18 inches. The diagram
shows your design to create the cylinder.
The rectangle that remains after cutting a. Whose design yields a box with the
out the circles will be used to make the greater volume? Show your work.
face of the cylinder.

b. Whose design yields a box with the

least amount of unused plywood?
12 in.
Show your work.

a. What is the largest possible radius c. Draw a design for a box that leaves
of a cylinder created using the less unused plywood than Edgar and
design on this sheet of paper? Michelle’s plans. What is the volume
Round to the nearest hundredth of the box you drew? Assume that,
of an inch. Explain. like Edgar and Michelle, you must
use a single sheet of plywood that is
5 feet long and 5 feet wide. Use the
diagram below to show your design.

b. What is the volume of the cylinder

with the radius described in part a?
Round to the nearest thousandth of a
cubic centimeter.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 84 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will describe events as subsets of a sample

space, or as unions, intersections, or complements.
SELECTED RESPONSE
Two fair number cubes are rolled. Match each event with the correct
subset of the sample space.
1. The first number is less than 3 and the second number is even.

2. The first number minus the second number equals 2.

3. The sum of the numbers is greater than 7.
4. The product of the numbers is an even number greater than 10.
A {(3, 1), (4, 2), (5, 3), (6, 4)} E {(2, 5), (5, 2)}
B {(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), F {(1, 6), (2, 5), (3, 4)
(2, 2), (2, 4), (2, 6)} (4, 3), (5, 2), (6, 1)}
C {(2, 6), (3,4), (3, 6), (4, 3), (4.4) G (2, x (3, 9), (3, 6) , (4, 4), (4, 5),
(4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 4), (5, 6), (6, 2),
(6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
D {(4, 2), (4, 4), (4, 6), (5, 2), (6,4), H
(5, 6), (6, 2), (6, 4), (6, 6)}
Select the correct answer. 6. Circle the expression that makes a true
5. You spin a spinner with 8 equally likely statement.
landing spaces numbered 1 to 8. EventA A group of 50 mice is being used in an
is landing on a prime number. Event B is experiment. Event A is a male mouse
landing on an odd number. What is the being chosen at random. Event Bis a
intersection of A and B? mouse that is at least 6 months old being
chosen. Given that the notation ~ means
“intersection,” and the notation U means
“union”, the expression that describes a
female mouse that is younger than 6
months old being chosen

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
7. Two fair coins are flipped and a fair number
cube is rolled. What is the sample space of
@S possible outcomes? Find the subset of the
CB) {3, 5, 7} sample space that represents the results of
the coin flips being different and rolling a
© {1,2, 3,5, 7} number that is not prime.
@® (1, 2, 3,4, 5,6, 7, 8}

-Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 85 Geometry
Name Date Class

8. A bag contains red marbles, yellow 10. Anna and Sanjay are playing a board
marbles, and blue marbles. Event A is game with the spinner shown below.
picking a red marble, event B is picking a Each section of the spinner has a number
yellow marble, and event Cis picking a (1, 2, 3, 4) and a color (R= Red, ~
blue marble. Describe each of the Y = Yellow, G = Green, B = Blue).
following scenarios using an intersection,
a union, or a complement.
a. Picking a single marble that is both
red and yellow.

b. Picking a single marble that is

red or blue.

c. Picking a marble that is not red and

not blue.
WPil
a. What subset A of the sample space
d. Are each of these scenarios describes the spinner landing on a
possible? Explain. green section?

. The whole numbers from 1 to 10 are b. What subset B of the sample space
printed on two sets of cards, one red and describes the spinner landing on a
one blue. You randomly pick one card section with the number 2?
from each set.
a. Find the subset A of the sample
space that represents picking two c. What subset C of the sample space,
cards with the same number. in terms of A and B, describes the
spinner landing on a green section
with the number 2?
b. Find the subset B of the sample
space that represents picking two
prime numbers. d. Use your results from part c to find
the subset that describes the spinner
landing on any particular color and
number combination.

c. Describe the subset C of the sample

space that represents picking two
cards with the same prime number in
terms of subsets A and B. Then find e. Which of the sets described in part d
the elements of C. are empty?

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 86 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will understand the definition of independent

events and determine if events are independent.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select the correct answer.
1. Put a check mark in the column that 3. For two independent events A and B,
describes the two events. P(A) = 0.5 and P(B) = 0.4. What is
P(A and B)?
Independent -@ 0.1 © 0.8
0.2 @®) 0.9
Drawing two cards from
a standard deck of CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
cards that are both aces
4. A fair number cube is rolled two times.
Rolling a fair number Are the events that the first roll is an
cube twice and getting even number and the second roll is a
6 on both rolls 6 independent? Justify your answer using
Flipping a fair coin twice the sample space and the product of the
and:getting heads on probabilities of each event.
both flips
Rolling a 3 on a fair
number cube and flipping
tails on a fair coin

Select all correct answers.

2. A spinner numbered 1 through 6 has 5. Monica has a bag with 30 marbles: 5 of
sections that are red, yellow, and blue. the marbles are blue and striped, 10 of
Juan spins the spinner 50 times and the marbles are striped but not blue, and
records the results in the table below. 5 of the marbles are blue but not striped.
According to the data, which events are Use probability to decide if picking a blue
independent? marble and picking a marble that has
stripes are independent events.

(A Landing on a red section and

landing on an even number
6. There are 12 men, 5 boys, 11 women,
Landing on a yellow section and and 6 girls entered in a raffle. If each
landing on an even number person has only one raffle ticket, are the
©) Landing on a blue section and events of the raffle winner being male
landing on an even number and an adult independent? Explain.

'@ Landing on a red section and

landing on an odd number
CE) Landing on a yellow section and
_ landing on an odd number
CE Landing on a blue section and
landing on an odd number
Mifflin Harcourt
© Houghton e g Company
Publishinent
T et e lat
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
 Date Class

7. A population of 200 laboratory mice 9. Esther surveys 150 students in her

contains 120 white mice and 80 gray school and records if they are right- or
mice. Of the mice, 50 are male and 150 left-handed, and if they prefer art class or
are female. If the events of selecting a gym class.
male mouse and selecting a white mouse
are independent, how many of the mice
are white and male? Show your work.

a. According to the data, are being

right-handed and preferring art class
independent events? Explain.

8. Suppose a fair coin is flipped two times.

a. Describe the sample space for
flipping a coin twice.
b. According to the data, are being left-
handed and preferring art class
independent events? Explain.
b. Let event A be the coin landing on
heads on the first flip, and event B be
the coin landing on heads on the
second flip. Are events A and B
independent? Use the sample space
and probability to explain. . According to the data, are being
right-handed and preferring gym
class independent events? Explain.

. Suppose the coin is flipped a third

. According to the data, are being left-
time, and let event C be the coin
handed and preferring gym class
landing on heads. Are events A, B,
independent events? Explain.
and C independent? Explain.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 88 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will understand conditional probability, and use

it to interpret the independence of events A and B.
SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Select the correct answer.
4. In a standard deck of 52 playing cards,
1. In a bag of 20 candies, 12 are red and 15 find the probability that a black card is a
have peanuts in them. If the events of three. Is this the same as the probability
picking a red candy and picking a candy that a three is a black card? Use
with peanuts are independent, how many conditional probability to justify
of the red candies have peanuts? your answer.
@ 3
6
© 9
@ 12.
2. Suppose events A and B are 5. Yusef spins the spinner shown below.
independent, P(A) = 0.75, and P(B) = 0.5. Are landing on an odd number and
What is P(A |B), the probability of A landing on a prime number independent
given B? events? Explain using conditional
probability.
® 0.25
0.375
© 0.5
® 0.75

LELy
Select all correct answers.
3. For two events A and B, circle each
statement that must be true in order for
A and B to be independent.
P(A and B) _
ee
P(A and B)
P(A)
= P(B)
P(A |B) = P(B| A)
P(A)= P(B)
6. Events A and B are independent if
P(B) = 1- P(A)
P(A and B) = P(A) « P(B). Use this fact to
P(A and B) = P(A) - P(B) show that if events A and B are
independent, P(A |B) = P(A) and
P(B |A) = P(B).

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 89 Geometry
Name Date oo.
ee ot ee Class

7. A box contains 60 colored balls: 45 of the 9. Elena chooses one of 100 tiles numbered
balls are purple, and 30 of the purple from 1 to 100. Let event A be the event
balls have stars on them. If a purple ball that the number is even, let event B be
being randomly chosen and a ball with the event that the number is a multiple of
stars being randomly chosen are 5, and let event C be the event that the
independent events, how many of the number is greater than 50. Find
60 colored balls have stars on them? each probability.
Use conditional probability to justify a. P(A| B)
your answer.

b. P(B| A)

8. A movie theater tracks the ticket and c. P(A| C)

snack sales for one particular showing.
¢ 84 people who bought a ticket at a
discounted‘rate bought a snack.
* 28 people who bought a ticket at a
discounted rate did not buy a snack.
° 126 people who bought a regular d. P(C| A)
price ticket bought a snack.
¢ 42 people who bought a regular price
ticket did not buy a snack.

Is buying a snack independent of buying

a regular price ticket? Use conditional
e. Are events A and B independent?
probability to justify your answer.
Are events A and C independent?
Explain.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry
Name
es t
e eel te Date Class
The student will construct and interpret two-way frequency
tables and use them to decide if events are independent.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer. | 2. Angela has a pack of 40 cards: some red,
1. The table below shows the number of some blue, some with letters, and some
days that a meteorologist predicted it with numbers. Based on the data shown
would be sunny, and the number of days in the table, which statements are true?
it was sunny. Based on the data in the
table, what is the conditional probability
that it will be sunny on a day when the
meteorologist predicts it will be sunny?

@ P(blue and number) = <7

P(red and letter) =

Does not 1
predict sun
©) P(number| red)= 4
CA) 57% 4
59% @) Piletter| blue) ==
©) 90% CE) Picking a numbered card and picking
97% a red card are independent events.
) Picking a lettered card and picking a
blue card are independent events.

3. A bag contains green, orange, and purple balls, each numbered with a 1 or a 2. The table
below shows how many of each kind of ball are in the bag.

Indicate whether each of the following is independent or not independent by putting a check
mark in the appropriate column of the table.

91 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 6. Manuela and Stephen survey 250 people

at a sporting event and ask if they prefer
4. Sandra is planning a dinner party for hamburgers or hot dogs, and if they
100 people. Out of 45 men coming to prefer regular or diet soda.
the party, 36 ordered chicken. Out of the
¢ 90 people said they prefer
55 women coming to the party, -
hamburgers and regular soda.
24 ordered fish.
40 people said they prefer
a. Complete the two-way table below.
hamburgers and diet soda.
_ [Chicken
|Fish] Total|
Mort9] 8 |oda
70 people said they prefer hot dogs
and regular soda.

gional ef 50 people said they prefer hot dogs

and diet soda.
a. Complete the table.
Regular | Diet Total
b. What is the conditional probability
soda | soda
that a guest who ordered fish
is aman?

c. What is the conditional probability

that a guest who ordered chicken
is a woman? b. What is the probability that someone
who prefers diet soda will also prefer
hamburgers?
5. It is known that 3% of a population has a
certain allergy. A test correctly identifies
people with the allergy (positive result) c. What is the probability that someone
97% of the time. The test also correctly who prefers hot dogs will also prefer
identifies people without the allergy regular soda?
(negative result) 94% of the time.
a. The allergy test is given to
1000 people. Use the given d. Are preferring diet soda and
information to fill in the table. Round preferring hamburgers independent
to the nearest person. events? Explain.

e. Are preferring regular soda and

b. What is the probability that a preferring hot dogs independent
person has the allergy if the events? Explain.
person tests positive? Round to the
- nearest hundredth.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 92 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will recognize and explain the concepts of

conditional probability and independence.
SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Select the correct answer.
4. An allergy test is administered to
1. 110 students are surveyed about their 400 people. The results are shown in the
pets. The results are shown in the table. table.
Which statement is true?

At least one pet

|Boys|Girls
|Total_| PalargyHome tuangs aad
Does not
ta

ENeipets: pears) [2653 panttivas| 210.-|2 1S aa

Test

Test
19

: 2 369 31
(A) 27% of the boys have no pets. negative

40% of the boys have at least one pet. 12 388

©) 49% of the girls have no pets. a. What percent of test subjects who
test positive have the allergy? Round
(> 57% of the students have at least
one pet. to the nearest percent.

. Circle the percent that makes a true

statement. b. What percent of test subjects who do
In a bag of 60 candies, 36 are green and not have the allergy test negative?
45 have caramel in them. If the events of Round to the nearest percent.
picking a green candy and picking a candy
with caramel are independent, then the
percent of the green candies that have
. Atrain station employee collects data on
20% © 19% 160 incoming trains to the station. He
caramel in them is f
60% 100% — notices that 18 of the 90 incoming trains
on line A arrive late, and 14 of the
Select all correct answers. 70 incoming trains on line B arrive late.
3. Carl and-Wendy are catering a party for a. What is the probability that’a train on
100 people. Out of the 45 men coming, line A arrives on time? What is the
27 ordered chicken. Out of the 55 women probability that any train arrives on
coming, 33 ordered fish. Everyone time? Interpret your answers in the
_ ordered either chicken or fish. Which of context of the situation.
the following are true?
CA) 40% of the men ordered fish.
More than half of the people who
ordered chicken are women.
© The percent of men who ordered
chicken is the same as the percent of . Can you conclude that a train being on
women who ordered fish. line A and a train arriving on time are
(@) The probability that a person who independent events? Use your results
_ ordered fish is a man is less than 33%. from part a to explain your answer.
CE The probability that a person
who ordered chicken is a woman is
less than 50%.

©-Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment ~ 93 Geometry
Name Date Class

6. 250 students are surveyed about their 8. The two-way table below shows data
after school activities. 125 students said about 85 students and their scores on a
they play basketball, and among those test. Sylvia claims that because 66 of the
students, 55 said they also play soccer. students got more than 6 hours of sleep
What percent of the students who play and 20 of those students scored below
basketball also play soccer? Show 70%, about 30% of the students who
your work. scored below 70% got more than 6 hours
of sleep.

oeage
vey ae

6 hours
More than
7. Amovie theater tracks the ticket and 6 hours
snack sales for one particular showing.
60 people who bought a ticket at a a. What mistake did AE make?
discounted price bought a snack.
36 people who bought a ticket at a
discounted price did not buy a snack.
90 people who bought a ticket at the
b. What is the correct probability that a
regular price bought a snack.
student who scored below 70% got
54 people who bought a ticket at the more than 6 hours of sleep?
regular price did not buy a snack.
a. What is the probability that a person
who bought a snack bought a ticket
. It is known that 2% of all mice in a
at the regular price? Show your work.
laboratory have a genetic mutation.
A scientist administers a test to
1000 mice. 95% of the mice that have the
mutation have a positive test result, and
95% of the mice that do not have the
mutation have a negative test result.
b. Is the answer to part a the same as Complete the two-way frequency table for
the probability that a person who the 1000 mice. Then use the table to find
bought a ticket at the regular price what percent of the mice that test positive
bought a snack? Explain. have the mutation. Round to the
nearest percent.

Test
positive
Test
c. Interpret your answers from parts a negative
and b in the context of the situation.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 94 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will find the conditional probability of A given B

as the fraction of B’s outcomes that also belong to A.
SELECTED RESPONSE Select all correct answers.
Select the correct answer.
3. Concession sales at a sporting event are
gt 200 people took part in a study involving monitored, and the data are recorded in
a new headache medicine. After one the two-way table below. Which of the
week, the subjects were asked if they had following statements are true?

io | ge
(ot
a headache in the past week. According
to the data in the two-way table, what
fraction of the people who were given the
placebo did not have a headache? ras,
252 |144
| 396 |.
Given Given
21B
a216
medicine | placebo | Total
Total 720
€Y) a of the people who ordered a
No
headache Be way hamburger ordered French fries.
Total 200 e of the people who ordered
,

French fries ordered a hamburger.

oO
Olh
AB]
@® © : of the people who ordered a

hamburger ordered onion rings.

. Elena asks the students in one of her
classes if they have a cat or a dog. Her @®M i of the people who ordered onion
results are recorded in the table below. rings ordered a hamburger.
What is the probability that a randomly
selected student who has a cat will also © : of the people who ordered a hot
have a dog?
dog ordered French fries.

®} : of the people who ordered French

fries ordered a hot dog. |

@® u of the people who ordered a hot

dog ordered onion rings.

G) : of the people who ordered onion

rings ordered a hot dog.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

95 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Class

Match each conditional probability with 9. Students in four of Ms. Peters’s

_the correct fraction. classes are surveyed about their
[Male [Female |Total| favorite type of movie.
Block A
Action: 12, Comedy: 13, Drama: 6
Block B
Action: 9, Comedy: 11, Drama: 11
i BOAoe Block C
Using the list of fractions below Exercises Action: 8, Comedy: 15, Drama: 7
4-7, write the fraction that gives the indicated
Block D
conditional probability.
Action: 11, Comedy: 4, Drama: 18
4. The probability that a randomly |”
. Complete the two-way table below to
selected male student has
organize the data.
brown eyes.
5. The probability that a randomly | |A| B |C|D |Total
selected female student has enue
green eyes.
6. The probability that a randomly
selected student with blue eyes
is male.
7. The probability that a randomly
selected student with green eyes | ;
. What fraction of the students who
RS fGen YE en ites ee hacesl yea ie
prefer action movies are in
Ms. Peters’s block C class? Show
your work.

. What fraction of the students who are

in Ms. Peters’s block D class prefer
dramas? Show your work.
CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
8. Complete the two-way table below. Then
find the fraction of red cards in a standard
52-card deck that have a number on
them, and find the fraction of numbered . What is the probability that a
cards that are red. randomly selected student who is in
Ms. Peters’s block B class prefers
comedies? What is the probability
that a randomly selected student who
prefers comedies is in Ms. Peters’s
block B class? Explain why the two
probabilities are not the same.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment Geometry.
Name Date Class

The student will apply the Addition Rule of Probability, and

interpret the answer.
SELECTED RESPONSE 3. Darren randomly chooses a card from a
Select all correct answers. standard deck of 52 playing cards. What
1. A bag contains 5 orange marbles, is the probability that Darren chooses a
7 green marbles, and 8 blue marbles, club or a queen?
"where 3 of the orange marbles have 4 16
white stripes, 1 of the green marbles has @ 52 © 52
white stripes, and 5 of the blue marbles 43 47
have white stripes. Which of the following 5D ®D 52
are true statements?
(A) The probability that a randomly 4. Put a check mark in the column that
selected marble is orange or has describes the probability p for the
white stripes is 0.85. outcome of the experiment described.
(® The probability that a randomly A game show uses afair spinner
selected marble is orange or does numbered 1 through 20.
not have white stripes is 0.7.
©) The probability that a randomly
A number less than
selected marble is green or has white
6 or a number
stripes is 0.75.
greater than 15
(D The probability that a randomly An odd number or
selected marble is green or does not a number greater
have white stripes is 0.6. than 5
CE The probability that a randomly
selected marble is blue or has white A multiple of 4 ora
stripes is 0.25. multiple of 6
CF The probability that a randomly
selected marble is blue or does not A multiple of 8 or a
have white stripes is 0.375. perfect square

Select the correct answer. A prime number or

2. A dodecahedral solid has 12 sides a multiple of 3
_ numbered 1 through 12, all equally likely
- to appear when you roll it. What is the CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
likelihood that you roll an even number or
5. 16 cards numbered 1 through 16 are
a prime number?
placed face down and Stephanie chooses
() It is impossible, because the one at random. What is the probability
probability is 0. that the number on Stephanie’s card is
( It is unlikely, because the probability less than 5 or greater than 10? Show
is less than 0.5. your work.
©) It is as likely as not, because the
probability is about 0.5.
(> It is likely, because the probability is
greater than 0.5.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 97 Geometry
Name . Date Class

6. Joel rolls two fair number cubes at the 8. A box contains 100 small rubber balls.
same time. What is the probability that The table below shows how many balls
the sum of the numbers will be odd or are red, how many are black, how many
less than 4? Show your work. have stars, and how many do not have
stars. What is the probability that a
randomly selected ball is black or does
not have stars on it? Justify your answer.

. A survey of a representative sample of

1000 employees at a company finds that
456 employees take the subway to work
and 427 employees take a bus to work.
Some employees have to take both the
subway and a bus, and 310 employees
take only a bus. Amanda says that the 9. The two-way table below shows data on
probability that a randomly selected the students at a college.
employee takes the subway or a bus to
456 427 883
|Male|
work is 7000 + 7000 = 7000 i053. [Freshman
|1732 |2258 | 3990
a. Explain why Amanda’s answer
is incorrect. [Senior __—*| 1726|_2296 _|4022|
a. Use the addition rule of probability to
find the probability that a randomly
selected student is a senior or
female. Show your work.
b. Use the addition rule to find the
correct probability that a randomly
selected employee takes the subway
or a bus to work. Show your work.
b. Use the addition rule of probability to
find the probability that a randomly
selected student is a junior or.male.
Show your work.

c. Calculate the probability that a

randomly selected employee does -
not take the subway or a bus to get c. Is it more likely that a randomly
to work. Explain your reasoning. selected student is a senior or
female, or that a randomly selected
student is a junior or male? Explain.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 98 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will apply the Multiplication Rule of Probability,

and interpret the answer.
SELECTED RESPONSE 3. A bag contains 5 red marbles and
Select the correct answer for each 3 yellow marbles. What is the probability
lettered part. of randomly choosing a red marble,
setting it aside, and then randomly
1. You have a set of 15 cards: 11 of the
choosing a yellow marble?
cards are white, 3 are red, and 1 is blue.
You draw one card, set it aside, and draw
a second card. For each combination of
OD=3 ©z15
Bs15 D 25
cards below, is there a less than 50% or
greater than 50% chance of choosing
those two cards?
a. A white card, © Less than 50% CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
and then a red © Greater than 50% 4. Lily and Miguel survey 46 students from
card grade 9, 42 students from grade 10,
b. Awhite card, OLess than 50% 54 students from grade 11, and
38 students from grade 12. When
and then a O Greater than 50% examining the results of their survey, Lily
white card .
and Miguel choose two students
c. Acard that is © Less than 50% randomly.
not blue, and © Greater than 50%
then a blue a. What is the probability that the ae
card student will be from grade 9 and the
second student will be from grade
d. Ared card, © Less than 50% 10? Show your work.
and then a O Greater than 50%
blue card
e. Acard thatis OLess than 50%
not red, and O Greater than 50%
then a card
that is not red
b. What is the probability that the first
Select the correct answer. student will be from grade 9 and the
second student will also be from
2. There are 5 apples and 6 plums in a fruit
grade .9? Show your work.
bowl. Which statement is correct about
the likelihood that you randomly choose
two apples?
CA You are less likely than not to
randomly choose two apples.
You are as likely as not to randomly c. Which has a greater likelinood: the
choose two apples. result from part a or the result from
C) You are more likely than not to part b?
randomly choose two apples.
@> It is not possible to randomly choose
two apples.

@:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 99 Geometry
Name Date Class

5. There are 15 boys and 16 girls in an 8. The names of 4 boys and 6 girls are
English class. The teacher randomly written on slips of paper and placed in a
chooses two students to read parts from bowl. You take one slip of paper out of
a play. Is it more likely that the teacher the bowl, set it aside, and then take
will choose a boy followed by a girl or a another slip of paper.
girl followed by a boy? Use probability to a. What is the probability that you
explain your answer. choose a boy’s name followed by a
girl’s name?

b. Is the probability different if you put

. A board game has5tiles of each letter of the first slip of paper back in the bowl
the English alphabet, for a total of before choosing the second slip of
130 tiles. These tiles are placed face paper? Explain.
down. Edwin incorrectly says that the
probability of choosing a tile with a vowel
(a, e, i, 0, u) on it followed by another tile
. Acooler contains 12 ham sandwiches,
with a vowel on it is Bao8 = fe 15 roast beef sandwiches, and 10 turkey
26 25 «65 sandwiches. Organize the following
a. What is the correct probability? Show events from least likely to most likely. Use
your work. probability to justify your answer.
(1) Randomly picking a ham sandwich,
putting it aside, and randomly picking
a roast beef sandwich
b. What error did Edwin make? For (2) Randomly picking a ham sandwich,
what different set of lettered tiles putting it aside, and randomly picking
would Edwin’s calculations correctly a turkey sandwich
represent the probability of choosing (3) Randomly picking a roast beef
a tile with a vowel on it followed by _ sandwich, putting it aside, and
another tile with a vowel on it? randomly picking a turkey sandwich
(4) Randomly picking a ham sandwich,
putting it aside, and randomly picking
a ham sandwich
(5) Randomly picking a roast beef
. For a carnival game, 20 rubber ducks
sandwich, putting it aside,
numbered 1 to 20 float in a large tub. To
and randomly picking a roast
win the game, you must pick two ducks
beef sandwich
whose numbers add up to at least 30.
How likely are you to pick the number 20 (6) Randomly picking a turkey sandwich,
__on your first pick and then win the game? putting it aside, and randomly picking
Explain your answer. a turkey sandwich

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 100 Geometry
 Name Date Class

The student will use permutations and combinations to

compute probabilities and solve problems.
SELECTED RESPONSE CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Select the correct answer.
4. At summer camp, Tina can choose any
1. There are 12 players on a. baseball team. three of the following activities.
In how many different ways can the
Archery, Painting, Pottery, Swimming,
coach choose players for left field, right
Sailing, Soccer
field, and center field?
@® 36 Use permutations to find the probability
that Tina chooses archery, pottery, and
220 swimming in that order. Show your work.
© 1320
—@® 1728
5. A bank assigns random 4-digit numbers for
2. There are 8 runners in a race. What is the ATM access codes. In each code, no digit
probability that Abby, Becca, and Carmen is repeated. Use combinations to find the
place first, second, and third in any number of ways that 4 digits can be chosen
order? from 10 digits if order is not important.
1 What is the probability that Edmond is
336 assigned a code with the digits 6, 7, 8, and
9 in any order? Show your work.
1
56
3
© 38 . A bag contains 10 tiles with the letters
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, |, and J. Five tiles
3 are chosen and placed in a row. Meghan
@3 says that the probability of the five tiles
1
spelling
lling FACED iis ——.
550 Her work is
Select all correct answers.
3. Suppose 2 cards are drawn at random shown below.
from a standard deck of 52 cards. Which Let S be the sample space and
expressions below represent the let A be the event that the tiles
probability that both cards are aces? spell FACED.

® 4 C Nh “1(8)= Ps = Gey = 90.240

10!

520 Nh
5!
@
ee ee
52C2

4 C.N

ugh
2 soci dl NOD sa
n(S) 30,240 252°
alo What was Meghan’s error? What is the
correct probability of the five tiles spelling
os FACED? Show your work.
en

@@©ee 2652

; © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 101 Geometry
Name Date Class
»

7. There are 6 boys and 7girls on student 8. The 10 members of the math club want to
council. The principal randomly chooses choose a president, a vice-president, and
4 students to meet with the head of the a treasurer. Matt, Cho, and Erin are all
school committee. members of the math club.
a. Use a combination to find the number a. What is the probability that Matt is
of ways that the principal could chosen to be the president, Cho is
randomly choose 4 students. Show chosen to be the vice-president, and
your work. Erin is chosen to be the treasurer?
Use permutations in your answer.

b. What is the probability that Matt,

b. Use a combination to find the number Cho, and Erin are chosen to fill the
of ways that the principal could three positions in any order? Use
randomly choose 4 girls. Show combinations in your answer.
your work.

c. Are your answers from parts a and b

the same? Explain.
c. Use your answers from parts a
and b to find the probability that
the principal chooses all girls to
meet with the head of the
school committee. . Travis’s collection of DVDs contains
14 comedies, 12 dramas, and 10 action
movies. Use combinations to find the
probability of each of the following
compound events, and then order the
events A, B, C, and D from least likely to
most likely.
d. Is the principal more likely to choose
all girls or all boys? Explain. la, ra meetne

Event B: Randomly selecting

3 dramas
Event C: Randomly selecting
3 action movies
Event D: Randomly selecting
3 movies that are not dramas

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 102 Geometry
Name hae
Peden Slane Class

The student will use probability to make fair decisions.

SELECTED RESPONSE 3. In a game with rn players, what is the
Select the correct answer. ne shales NOT winning, assuming the
1. Melanie, Andrew, and 8 of their Solis toa
classmates are playing a game. The if
game will have a single winner. If the n
game is fair, what is the probability that 1
Andrew wins? n=1
1

@ cee
5 Qere n-

. 1
= 7 Ge.
8 n=
7 ;

© 8 Select all correct answers.

9 4. The 10 members of a club cannot agree °
®D an on who should be president, and have
decided to pick a member at random.
2. Ina game, three players spin the Which of the following are fair techniques
spinners shown below. Player 1 wins if for picking a president?
the sum of the two numbers is 2, 3, or 4. CA) Each member’s name is written on a
Player 2 wins if the sum of the two slip of paper and one slip of paper is
numbers is 5, 6, or 7. Player 3 wins if the randomly picked out of a hat. The
sum of the two numbers is 8, 9, or 10. member whose name is picked is
Is the game a fair game? Why? the president.
The members take turns flipping a
fair coin. The first member whose
coin lands on heads is the president.
(©) Each member is assigned a digit
ee _ from 0 to 9 and a random number
generator is used to pick one digit.
The member whose number is
‘picked is the president.
| (D> Each member picks a card from a
— ; standard deck of cards and one of
the cards is randomly selected from
among them. The member whose
card is picked is the president.
@ Yes, because each player has an CE) Each member is assigned a number
equal probability of winning from 1 to 10 and a number cube is
No, because player 1 has a greater rolled twice. The member whose
probability of winning number is the sum of the digits is
© No, because player 2 has a greater the president.
probability of winning
(@) No, because player 3 has a greater
probability of winning

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 103 Geometry
Name Date Class

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 7. Four players are playing a game that

5. Christine and Ron are playing a game involves rolling 2 fair number cubes:
with a fair number cube. Christine gets a one red and one green. What rules for
point if an even number is rolled, and Ron winning could be used to make this
gets a point if an odd number is rolled. a fair game?
The first player to score 10 points gets a
bag containing 20 pieces of candy. After
15 rolls, Christine has 6 points and Ron
has 9 points.
a. Does Christine or Ron have a greater
probability of winning after 15 rolls?
_ Explain.

b. If the game stopped after 15 rolls, 8. Phil is playing a game with 7 other
how could Christine and Ron divide players where each player has an equal
up the candy according to the results chance of winning. After playing the
of the game? game 8 times, Phil says that the game is
not fair, because he has not won yet.
a. Calculate the probability of Phil not ~
winning 8 times in a row if the game
is fair. Show your work and round to
the nearest thousandth.

6. A group of 11 friends are playing a game,

and want to'use a random number
generator to determine who gets to go
first. The random number generator
creates two-digit numbers from 00 to 99.
The numbers are assigned to each
player, starting with 00 for player 1, 01 for
player 2, and so on, until all 100 numbers b. Use your results from part a to
have been assigned. explain why Phil should not conclude
. that the g game isnot fair.
SOL alt
Is this a fair system for deciding who
goes first? Explain. If it is not a fair
system, explain how the system could be
adjusted to be fair.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 104 Geometry
Name Date Class

The student will analyze decisions and strategies using

probability concepts.
SELECTED RESPONSE 2. The table below shows the results of
Select the correct answer. an allergy test on a group of people.
1. Two factories make identical products. Based on these results, a doctor
Of the items produced at factory A, decides to prescribe allergy medication
10% have a particular defect, and of to every patient who tested positive. Is
the items produced at factory B, 30% this a good decision? Why or why not?
have the same defect. Based on the
table, which of the following statements
is correct?

Tests
negative
50
CAD Yes, because 70% of the patients
eae fend 175 who have the allergy tested
positive for the allergy
(A If a randomly selected item has Yes, because 11.5% of the
the defect, it likely came from patients tested positive for
factory A. the allergy
If a randomly selected item has ©) No, because 70% of the patients
the defect, it likely came from who have the allergy tested
factory B. positive for the allergy
©) If a randomly selected item came (D No, because about 70% of the
from factory A, it will likely have patients who tested positive don’t
the defect. have the allergy
©) If a randomly selected item does
not have the defect, it likely came
from factory A.

Select all correct answers.

3. 10% of a group of 10,000 mice in a laboratory are known to have a particular
genetic defect. The table at the right shows the results of a test for the defect.
Which of the following are true?
CA The test correctly identified 9.6% of No

ce |=
the mice that have the defect.
The test correctly identified 94% of
the mice that do not have the defect. positive
Tests
C The majority of mice that test positive s
negative
8460 8500
actually have the defect.
[Total | 1000| 9000 |10,000 |
(@) The majority of mice that test -) About 84.6% of the mice do not have
negative do not have the defect. the defect.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

105 Geometry
Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment
Name Date Class
»

CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE 6. It is known that 1% of a population has a

4. An electronics store keeps 30% of its virus. There are two tests for this virus.
stock of televisions at warehouse A, and Test A correctly identifies someone who
the remaining 70% at warehouse B. 70% _has the virus 95% of the time, and
of the televisions stored at warehouse A correctly identifies someone who does
were sent to the store without remote not have the virus 99% of the time.
controls, while 10% of the televisions Test B correctly identifies someone who
stored at warehouse B were sent to the has the virus 97% of the time, and
store without remote controls. If a correctly identifies someone who does
randomly selected television was sent not have the virus 97% of the time.
without a remote control, is it a good
a. Complete the two-way tables for
assumption that the television came from
warehouse A? Explain.
test A and test B.
Test A: :

Dest Rb
virus | virus

ets [| Wer
positive

negative
9900 | 10,000
5. Aschool plans a field trip for the end of
Test B: |
November. The weather forecast predicts

ees
snow for the day of the field trip, so the
principal decides to cancel it. Based on virus | virus
the probability that it will actually snow
given that the weather forecast predicts positive
snow, did the principal make a good Tests
decision? Show your work.
9900 | 10,000
¢ Historically, the probability of it 'b. For which test does a larger percent
snowing on any day in November of the people who test positive
is 2%. actually have the virus? Explain.
* The forecast predicts it will snow 6%
ofthe time. —
¢ When it snows, the forecast correctly
predicts it will snow 92% of the time.

c. Is ita good decision to treat everyone

who tests positive for the virus
according to the more accurate
test? Explain.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Getting Ready for High-Stakes Assessment 106 Geometry
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