SHATABDI PUBLIC SCHOOL MOHIUDDINPUR, MEERUT

HALF YEARLY EXAMINATIONS (2024-25)

CLASS 10TH
SUBJECT- SCIENCE
Max. Marks: 80 Time Allowed: 3 hours
General Instructions:
i. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student is expected to
attempt only one of these questions.
iii. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.
iv. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these questions should in the range
of 30 to 50 words.
v. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these questions should in the
range of 50 to 80 words
vi. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answer to these questions should be in the
range of 80 to 120 words.
vii. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each with sub-parts.

SECTION - A

Select and write one most appropriate option out of the four options given for each of the questions 1 – 20

1. A few drops of turmeric solution are added to a colourless liquid. If the liquid becomes red, the liquid may be :

(A) Hydrochloric acid (B) Distilled water (C) Ammonium hydroxide (D) Lemon juice

2. The acid present in nettle sting is :

(A) Acetic acid (B) Methanoic acid (C) Tartaric acid (D) Citric acid
3. When aqueous solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate react together, an insoluble substance along with
aqueous solution of sodium chloride is formed. This reaction is an example of a :
(A) combination reaction (C) displacement reaction
(B) decomposition reaction (D) double displacement reaction
4. The name of the compound ‘A’ formed in the following reaction is : NaCl + H2O+CO2 + NH3 → NH4Cl+X
(A) Sodium carbonate (C) Sodium hydrogen carbonate
(B) Ammonium carbonate (D) Ammonium hydrogen carbonate
5. Select the correct statement from the following :
(a) Trypsin digests proteins, whereas lipase digests carbohydrates.
(b) Trypsin digests carbohydrates, whereas lipase digests proteins.
(c) Trypsin digests emulsified fats, whereas lipase digests proteins.
(d) Trypsin digests proteins, whereas lipase digests emulsified fats.
6. For the reaction CuO+H2→Cu+H2O
Which of the following statement is correct?
A CuO is being reduced and hydrogen is being oxidised C Both CuO and H2 are being reduced
B CuO is being oxidised and hydrogen is being reduced D Both CuO and H2 are being oxidised
7. Which is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation?
A Nostrils→ larynx→ pharynx→ trachea→ lungs. C Larynx→ nostrils→ pharynx→ lungs
B Nasal passage→ trachea→ pharynx→ larynx→ alveoli D Nostrils→ pharynx → larynx→ trachea→ alveoli.
8. Anita added a drop each of diluted acetic acid and diluted hydrochloric acid on pH paper and compared the colors.
Which of the following is the correct conclusion?
(a) pH of acetic acid is more than that of hydrochloric acid. (c) Acetic acid dissociates completely in aqueous solution.
(b) pH of acetic acid is less than that of hydrochloric acid. (d) Acetic acid is a strong acid

9. The image formed by a concave mirror of focal length 50 cm is real and of magnification – 1. In this case the distance
between the object from its own image is :
(A) 50 cm (B) 100 cm (C) 200 cm D) Zero
10. The change in colour of the moist litmus paper in the given set up is due to
i. presence of acid iii. presence of H⁺(aq) in the solution

ii. presence of base iv. presence of Litmus which acts as an indicator

(a) i and ii (b) Only ii (c) Only iii (d) Only iv.
11. When light enters the atmosphere it strikes on extremely fine particles, which deflect the rays of light in all possible
directions, This is due to –
a) reflection of light c) scattering of light
b) atmospheric refraction d) dispersion of light
12. Carbon dioxide gas is not produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with :
(a) Limestone (b) Lime water (c) Baking Soda (d) Marble
13. In order to balance the following chemical equation, the values of x and y respectively are :
3Fe + x H2O------------- Fe3O4 + y H2
(a) 2, 2 (b) 4, 2 (c) 2, 4 (d) 4, 4
14. In 1987, an agreement was formulated by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to freeze the
production of “X” to prevent depletion of “Y”. “X” and “Y” respectively referred here are:
a) Ozone; CFCs b) CFCs; rays UV c) CFCs; Ozone d) UV rays; Diatomic oxygen
15. Consider the following statements :
I. Every step in a food chain is called a trophic level.
II. Decomposers convert complex inorganic matter in dead remains of organisms into simple substances that go into the soil.
III. In a food chain, energy level increases from lower trophic level to higher trophic level.
IV. Linkages between various food chains constitute a food web.
The correct statements is/are :
(A) I only (B) I and IV (C) I, II and IV (D) II and IV
16. Which one of the following molecules is produced initially when glucose breaks down in the cytoplasm of a cell in
aerobic as well as anaerobic respiration ?
(a) Lactic acid (b) Ethanol (c) Carbon dioxide (d) Pyruvate
Q. no 17 to 20 are Assertion - Reasoning based questions. These consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason
(R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is False but R is true
17 Assertion: Silver bromide decomposition is used in black and white photography.
Reason: Light provides energy for this exothermic reaction
18. Assertion: Biodegradable substances result in the formation of compost and natural replenishment.
Reason: It is due to breakdown of complex inorganic substances into simple organic substances.
19. Assertion (A) : Ozone (O3) is a molecule formed by the three atoms of oxygen.
20. Reason (R) : Ozone shields the surface of the Earth from ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun.
21. Assertion (A) : ATP is the energy currency for most of the cellular processes.
Reason (R) : Endothermic processes in the cell use ATP to carry out reactions.
SECTION – B
Q. no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.
22. Patients whose gallbladder are removed are recommended to eat less oily food. Why?
23. Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the formation of image due to a concave mirror when an object is placed between its
pole and principal focus.
24 (a) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of a rainbow in the sky. Mark on the diagram three points A, B and C as
given below :
A – where dispersion of light occurs
B – where internal reflection of dispersed light occurs
C – where refraction of dispersed light occurs
OR
(b) Name the muscles present in the human eye which enable it to focus on objects at varied distances (i.e., distant as well as
nearby objects). Explain how it happens.
25 Name the substances other than water, that are reabsorbed during urine formation. What are the two parameters that
decide the amount of water that is reabsorbed in the kidney?
26 State the phenomena observed in the above diagram. Explain with reference to the diagram, which of the two lights
mentioned above will have the higher wavelength?

OR
How will you use two identical prisms so that a narrow beam of white light incident on one prism emerges out of the second
prism as white light? Draw the diagram.
26. (a) (i) Why are crop fields considered as artificial ecosystems ?
(ii) Write a common food chain of four steps operating in a terrestrial ecosystem.
OR
(b) (i) Why should biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes be discarded separately ?
(ii) What destructive effect do chlorofluorocarbons bring about in the atmosphere and to the mankind ?
SECTION – C
Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.
27. (a) What is meant by the term pH of a solution ? The pH of rain water collected from two cities ‘A’ and ‘B’ was
found to be 6·1 and 5·3 respectively. The water of which city is more acidic ? Justify your answer. State with reason what
would happen to the aquatic life of a pond in which the rain water of city ‘B’ flows.
OR
(b) (i) Identify the acid and the base from which the following salts are obtained :
(I) Sodium chloride (II) Ammonium sulphate
(ii) Write the nature, acidic/basic/neutral, of each of the above mentioned salts, giving reason for your answer.
28. Draw a ray diagram to show the refraction of a ray of light through a triangular glass prism and mark on it (i) angle of
incidence (i), (ii) angle of emergence (e), and (iii) angle of deviation (D). What would happen, if instead of a ray, a beam of
white light falls on the prism ? Give reason for the phenomenon that occurs in this case.
29. (a) Give the structure and function of alveoli in human respiratory system.
(b) What is the role of villi ?
30. (i) Explain why the refractive index of any material with respect to air is always greater 1.
(ii) In the figure below a light ray travels from air into the semi-circular plastic block. Give a reason why the ray does not
deviate at the semi-circular boundary of the plastic block.

(iii)Complete the ray diagram of the above scenario when the light ray comes out of the plastic block from the top flat end.
31. Define ecosystem. List two artificial (man-made) ecosystems. Natural ecosystems like forests and lakes do not require
regular cleaning, whereas the artificial ecosystems start giving foul smell if not cleaned regularly. Why ?
32. Define trophic levels. At which trophic level do we find (i) secondary and (ii) tertiary consumers in a food chain ? What will
happen if all the organisms of a trophic level die ? Give reasons to justify your answer.
33. Write down a detailed note about myopia.
OR
Write down a detailed note about hypermetropia.
SECTION – D
Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.
34.

The above image shows a thin lens of focal length 5m.

(i) What is the kind of lens shown in the above figure?
(ii) If a real inverted image is to be formed by this lens at a distance of 7m from the optical centre, then show with calculation
where should the object be placed?
(iii) Draw a neatly labelled diagram of the image formation mentioned in (ii)
OR
A 10 cm long pencil is placed 5 cm in front of a concave mirror having a radius of curvature of 40 cm. (i)
Determine the position of the image formed by this mirror.
(ii) What is the size of the image?
(iii)Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image as mentioned in the part (i).
35. (a) (i) An aqueous solution turns blue litmus red. Which of the following solutions when added in excess would reverse the
change ?
(1) Lemon juice (2) Magnesium hydroxide
(3) Vinegar (4) Calcium sulphate
(ii) Out of the following, which compound/compounds will turn the phenolphthalein solution pink ?
(1) CH3COOH (3) HCl
(2) Ca(OH)2 (4) NaOH
(iii) Name a gas whose aqueous solution is basic. Write the formula/name of this solution.
(iv) A basic substance is used to treat a honey-bee sting. Why ?
(v) Name the acid which is present in (1) Tomato and (2) Tamarind.
OR
(b) (i) Define water of crystallisation.
(ii) Write the chemical name and formula of a compound having water of crystallisation in its molecule and appears blue.
(iii) Write the chemical formula of bleaching powder. Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction involved in its
preparation. List its three uses.
36. (a) (i) Study the diagram below of alimentary canal of man and name the parts marked as A, B and C. Write the name of the
enzyme present in each labelled part.
(ii) Explain how digested food reaches each and every cell of the body and is utilised.

OR
(b) (i) Study the diagram below showing schematic representation of transport and exchange of gases in human heart and name
the parts labelled as A, B and C. Mention the function of each part.
(ii) Explain how separation of right and left side of the heart is useful for birds.
 SECTION - E
Q.no. 37 to 39 are case - based/data -based questions with 2 to 3 short sub - parts. Internal choice is provided in one of
these sub-parts.
37. When a ray of light moving in a medium enters obliquely in another medium, it bends from its path. This phenomenon is
called refraction of light. The ability of a medium to refract light is expressed in terms of optical density. The term optical
density is not the same as mass density. If we compare two optical media, the one with the larger absolute refractive index is an
optically denser medium than the other. Also, the speed of light through a given medium is inversely proportional to its optical
density
(a) Define the term absolute refractive index of a medium.
(b) Refractive indices of glass, water and carbon disulphide are 1.50, 1.33 and 1.62 respectively. In which one of these media is
the speed of light (i) highest, and (ii) lowest ?
(c) (i) The absolute refractive indices of glass and water are 3/2 and 4/3 respectively. If the speed of light in water is
2.25 *108 m/s, find the speed of light in (I) vacuum, and (II) glass.
OR
(ii) The absolute refractive indices of glass and water are 3/2 and 4/3 respectively. Find the refractive index of water with
respect to glass.
38. There are so many important compounds known, which have some characteristic properties like Bleaching powder used as
an disinfectant, POP used for joining fractured bones, Baking powder used for making dhoklas and baking cake, Sodium
chloride as a table salt etc . These properties make these compounds very useful in our daily routine.
1.Bleaching powders chemical name is
(a) calcium hypo oxychloride (c) calcium chloride
(b) calcium oxychloride (d) calcium chloro oxide
2. The ratio of the water molecule in plaster of paris and gypsum is
(a) 3:1 (b) 1:3 (c) 1:4 (d) 4:3
3. Baking powder is
(a) sodium carbonate + sodium tartaric (c) sodium carbonate + tartaric acid
(b) sodium bicarbonate + sodium tartaric (d) sodium carbonate + sodium benzoate
4. Washing soda is prepared by:
(a) Solvay’s process (b)Hessen clever process
(c) Castner-kellner process (d) None
5. The compound formed when POP combines with water:
(a) Quicklime (c) Gypsum
(b) Soda lime (d) Bleaching powder
39. Besides heart, the human circulatory system consists of a network of closed branching blood vessels and the blood that
circulates continuously in all parts of the human body. The human heart is a muscular organ which is as big as our fist. It has
four chambers--- two upper chambers called atria and two lower chambers called ventricles. The right side of the human heart is
separated from the left side by a dividing wall, which is known as septum.
(a) Name the smallest blood vessel and state its role in the circulation of blood.
(b) Write the importance of platelets in the human blood.
(c) (i) Write in tabular form, two differences between an artery and a vein.
OR
(ii) Why is blood circulation in the human heart called double circulation ? Explain.