Komal Yadav
M.Sc Botany- Silver Medalist
Delhi University
NEET Coach
❑ 6+ yrs teaching experience
❑ Mentored Lakhs of students Online and Offline
❑ Produced Multiple AIRs including AIIMS and
AFMC
❑ Unacademy content creator
Reproduction in organism
Reproduction: Producing young-ones of their kind, generation after generation.
It is a fundamental feature of living
It performs the following functions:
(i) Enables continuity of the species.
(ii) Maintains life on the earth.
(iii) Creates variations among population.
Reproduction in organism Types of reproduction
Sexual Asexual
Biparental or Uniparental Uniparental
Sperm fertilizes egg Single organism makes an exact copy of itself
Bacteria, some plants and fungi, few animals
Used by animals, flowering plants, some fungi
(sponges)
Offspring are different from parents Offspring are identical to parent
Provides genetic variation, but time-consuming Fast and easy, but no genetic variation
Reproduction in organism : Life span
❏ The period between birth and natural death of an organism is called its lifespan.
❏ no individual is immortal, except single-celled organisms
Reproduction in organism
Reproduction in organism : Asexual reproduction
Reproduction in organism : Budding
Budding: an outgrowth or bud develops, grows, constricts at the base and separates from the parent
body, e.g. yeast and Hydra.
Unequal division of cytoplasm and parental identity is not lost.
Reproduction in organism : Binary Fission
Binary fission The body of an individual divides into two equal halves.
Equal division of cytoplasm and parental identity is lost
It can be following types:
(a) Simple binary fission When division occurs in any plane but it is always right angle to the elongated dividing nuc
e.g. Amoeba.
(b) Longitudinal binary fission When division occurs along the longitudinal axis, e.g. Euglena
(c) Transverse binary fission When division occurs along the transverse axis of the individual, e.g. Paramecium, dia
Reproduction in organism : Multiple fission
Multiple fission The division of the parent body into many daughter organisms, e.g. Amoeba,
Plasmodium, Monocystis (all Protozoa).
Reproduction in organism : Sporulation
Spore Formation: Members of the Kingdom Fungi and simple plants; like algae; reproduce by spore formation.
Special asexual reproductive structures are formed in these organisms. Zoospores are the most common
structure among such asexual reproductive structures. Zoospore is usually a microscopic motile structure. Other
common asexual reproductive structures are conidia (Penicillium) and gemmules (sponge).
Reproduction in organism : Sporulation
Reproduction in organism: Fragmentation
Fragmentation occurs by breaking of the parent body into two or more parts, each of which grows to
form an independent individual, e.g. algae like Spirogyra and bryophytes such as Marchantia, Riccia.
Reproduction in organism : Regeneration
Regeneration is a type of asexual reproduction in which the missing part of the organism is
repaired by the proliferation of cells, e.g. Hydra, Planaria and sponges.
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative propagation
Vegetative propagation is the formation of a new plants from vegetative parts like root, stem,
leaf, etc., naturally.
Some artificial methods of vegetative propagation are also developed by the farmers like
cutting, layering, grafting, etc.
Requires a PROPAGULE (bud)
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative reproduction natural
Reproduction in organism
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative Propagation Natural
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative Propagation Natural
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative Propagation Artificial
Artificial vegetative propagation is a type of plant reproduction that involves human
intervention.
The most common types of artificial vegetative reproductive techniques include cutting,
layering, grafting, suckering, and tissue culturing.
These methods are employed by many farmers and horticulturists to produce healthier crops
with more desirable qualities
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative Propagation Artificial
Cutting: A part of a plant, typically a stem or leaf, is cut off and planted. Adventitious roots
develop from the cuttings and a new plant forms. Cuttings are sometimes treated with
hormones before being planted to induce root development.
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative Propagation Artificial
Grafting: In grafting, a desired cutting or scion is attached to the stem of another
plant that remains rooted in the ground. The tissue systems of the cutting become
grafted into or integrated with the tissue systems of the base plant over time.
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative Propagation Artificial
Layering: This method involves bending plant branches or stems so that they touch the ground. The
portions of branches or stems in contact with the ground are then covered with soil. Adventitious roots or
roots that extend from structures other than plant roots develop in the parts covered by soil.
Reproduction in organism: Vegetative Propagation Artificial
Micropropagation (also called plant tissue culture) is a method of
propagating a large number of plants from a single plant in a short time under
laboratory conditions. This method allows propagation of rare, endangered
species that may be difficult to grow under natural conditions, are
economically important, or are in demand as disease-free plants.
In which one pair both the plants can be vegetatively propagated by leaf pieces
[CBSE PMT 2005]
(a) Bryophyllum and Kalanchoe
(b) Chrysanthemum and Agave
(c) Agave and Kalanchoe
(d) Asparagus and Bryophyllum
One of the plants using 'Foliar adventitious buds' as method for
vegetative propagation is [AIEEE 2004]
(a) Banana (b) Ginger
(c) Bryophyllum (d) Calocasia
Stem cuttings are commonly used for the propagation of
[BHU 2005]
(a) Banana (b) Rose
(c) Mango (d) Cotton
Telegram Channel
t.me/unacademyneet_official
Hello Physics
Unacademy
Subscription
LIVE Class Environment Performance Analysis
LIVE Polls & Leaderboard Weekly Test Series
LIVE Doubt Solving DPPs & Quizzes
LIVE Interaction
Unacademy Subscription
Unacademy Subscription
Let's Practice Biology with Garima Goel Everyday
Ummeed- Dr. Anand Mani Every Monday
All India Test Series by Kota's Chemistry Expert- Vishal Tiwari Every Monday
Prarambh NEET by Pranav Tamanna and Ravi Every Tuesday
Manthan Every Saturday
Let's excel neet with MCQPedia by Dr SK Singh Every Saturday
Rank Booster Test Series for Physics by Anu Gupta Every Friday
Physics MCQPedia for NCERT and NEET with Gaurav Gupta Every Monday
Let's Practice NCERT BIOLOGY with Baibhav to score 360/360 Everyday
Unacademy Catalyst Every Saturday
UNIQ Monday - Thursday
Step 1 Step 2
INSTALL
Step 3 Step 4 Step 5
Step 6 Step 7
₹6,300/month
KOMALLIVE Apply
₹5,250/month
₹47,466
₹15,750 for 3 months
₹4,267
₹4,200/month ₹4,267
₹25,200 for 6 months
₹2,888/month
₹34,650 for 12 months
₹2,100/month
₹50,400 for 24 months
PLUS ICONIC
38,500 58,500
56,000 90,000
Plus Courses Iconic
• Interactive sessions Courses
• Interactive one on one
• Hand written notes
• All Unacademy teachers sessions
• Doubt sessions • Hand written notes
• Quizzes • All Unacademy teachers
• Doubts sessions and Quizzes
• Weekly Planning
• MENTOR - personalized
attention
DATE TIME TOPIC
16 APRIL 8:30 PM REPRODUCTION IN ORGANISM L2
19 APRIL 8:30 PM SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERIN PLANTS L1
20 APRIL 8:30 PM SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERIN PLANTS L2
21 APRIL 8:30 PM SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERIN PLANTS L3
22 APRIL 8:30 PM SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERIN PLANTS L4
23 APRIL 8:30 PM SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERIN PLANTS L5
26 APRIL 8:30 PM SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERIN PLANTS L6
27 APRIL 8:30 PM SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERIN PLANTS L7
Thank You
