Sort (ascending and descending) a dictionary by

value

# Import the 'operator' module, which provides functions for common

operations like sorting.
import operator

# Create a dictionary 'd' with key-value pairs.

d = {1: 2, 3: 4, 4: 3, 2: 1, 0: 0}
​
# Print the original dictionary 'd'.
print('Original dictionary : ',d)

# Sort the items (key-value pairs) in the dictionary 'd' based on the
values (1st element of each pair).
# The result is a list of sorted key-value pairs.
sorted_d = sorted(d.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1))

# Print the dictionary 'sorted_d' in ascending order by value.

print('Dictionary in ascending order by value : ',sorted_d)

# Convert the sorted list of key-value pairs back into a dictionary.

# The 'reverse=True' argument sorts the list in descending order by
value.
sorted_d = dict( sorted(d.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1),
reverse=True))

# Print the dictionary 'sorted_d' in descending order by value.

print('Dictionary in descending order by value : ',sorted_d)

Sample Output:

Original dictionary : {1: 2, 3: 4, 4: 3, 2: 1, 0: 0}

Dictionary in ascending order by value : [(0, 0), (2, 1), (1, 2), (4,
3), (3, 4)]
Dictionary in descending order by value : {3: 4, 4: 3, 1: 2, 2: 1, 0: 0}
Python: Add a key to a dictionary
# Create a dictionary 'd' with two key-value pairs. d = {0: 10, 1: 20} #
Print the original dictionary 'd'. print(d) # Update the dictionary 'd'
by adding a new key-value pair {2: 30}. d.update({2: 30}) # Print the
dictionary 'd' after the update, which now includes the new key-value
pair. print(d)

Copy
Sample Output:

{0: 10, 1: 20}

{0: 10, 1: 20, 2: 30}

Concatenate following dictionaries to create a new

one
3. Concatenate Dictionaries

Write a Python script to concatenate the following dictionaries to create a new one.

Visual Presentation:
Sample Solution:

Python Code:

# Create three dictionaries 'dic1', 'dic2', and 'dic3' with key-value

pairs.

dic1 = {1: 10, 2: 20}

dic2 = {3: 30, 4: 40}

dic3 = {5: 50, 6: 60}

# Create an empty dictionary 'dic4' that will store the combined

key-value pairs from 'dic1', 'dic2', and 'dic3'. dic4 = {}

# Iterate through each dictionary ('dic1', 'dic2', and 'dic3') using a

loop. for d in (dic1, dic2, dic3):

# Update 'dic4' by adding the key-value pairs from the current dictionary
'd'. dic4.update(d)

# Print the combined dictionary 'dic4' containing all the key-value pairs
from 'dic1', 'dic2', and 'dic3'. print(dic4)

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Sample Output:

{1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50, 6: 60}

Check whether a given key already exists in a

dictionary
Python Code:
# Create a dictionary 'd' with key-value pairs.

d = {1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50, 6: 60}

# Define a function 'is_key_present' that takes an argument 'x'.

def is_key_present(x):

# Check if 'x' is a key in the dictionary 'd'. if x in d:

# If 'x' is present in 'd', print a message indicating that the key is

present.

print('Key is present in the dictionary')

else:

# If 'x' is not present in 'd', print a message indicating that the key
is not present.

print('Key is not present in the dictionary')

# Call the 'is_key_present' function with the argument 5 to check if 5 is

a key in the dictionary.

is_key_present(5)

# Call the 'is_key_present' function with the argument 9 to check if 9 is

a key in the dictionary.

is_key_present(9)

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Sample Output:

Key is present in the dictionary

Key is not present in the dictionary
Python: Iterate over dictionaries using for loops

5. Iterate Over Dictionary Using For Loops

Write a Python program to iterate over dictionaries using for loops.

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

# Create a dictionary 'd' with key-value pairs.

d = {'x': 10, 'y': 20, 'z': 30}

# Iterate through the key-value pairs in the dictionary using a for loop.
# 'dict_key' represents the key, and 'dict_value' represents the value
for each pair.

for dict_key, dict_value in d.items():

# Print the key followed by '->' and the corresponding value.

print(dict_key, '->', dict_value)​

Copy
Sample Output:

x -> 10
y -> 20
z -> 30
Python: Generate and print a dictionary that
contains a number in the form (x, x*x)

6. Generate Dictionary of Numbers and Their Squares

Write a Python script to generate and print a dictionary that contains a number (between 1
and n) in the form (x, x*x).

# Prompt the user to input a number and store it in the variable 'n'.

n = int(input("Input a number "))

# Create an empty dictionary 'd' to store the square of numbers.

d = dict()

# Iterate through numbers from 1 to 'n' (inclusive).

for x in range(1, n + 1):

# Calculate the square of each number and store it in the dictionary 'd'
with the number as the key.

d[x] = x * x

# Print the dictionary 'd' containing the squares of numbers from 1 to

'n'. print(d)

Sample Output:

10
{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81, 10: 100}
Python: Sum all the items in a dictionary
Write a Python program to sum all the items in a dictionary.

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

# Create a dictionary 'my_dict' with key-value pairs.

my_dict = {'data1': 100, 'data2': -54, 'data3': 247}

# Use the 'sum' function to calculate the sum of all values in the
'my_dict' dictionary.

# 'my_dict.values()' extracts the values from the dictionary, and 'sum'

calculates their sum.

result = sum(my_dict.values())

# Print the result, which is the sum of the values. print(result)

Sample Output:

293

Python: Iterate over dictionaries using for loops

Write a Python program to iterate over dictionaries using for loops.

Python Code:

# Create a dictionary 'd' with color names as keys and corresponding

numerical values as values.
d = {'Red': 1, 'Green': 2, 'Blue': 3}

# Iterate through the key-value pairs in the dictionary 'd' using a for
loop.

for color_key, value in d.items():

# Print the color name, 'corresponds to', and its corresponding numerical
value.

print(color_key, 'corresponds to ', d[color_key])

Sample Output:

Red corresponds to 1
Green corresponds to 2
Blue corresponds to 3

Python: Print a dictionary where the keys are

numbers between 1 and 15 and the values are
square of keys
Write a Python script to print a dictionary where the keys are numbers between 1 and 15
(both included) and the values are the square of the keys.

Python Code:

# Create an empty dictionary 'd' to store the squares of numbers.

d = dict()

# Iterate through numbers from 1 to 15 (inclusive).

for x in range(1, 16):

# Calculate the square of each number and store it in the dictionary 'd'
with the number as the key.

d[x] = x ** 2

# Print the dictionary 'd' containing the squares of numbers from 1 to

15.

print(d)

Sample Output:

{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81, 10: 100, 11:
121, 12: 144, 13: 169, 14: 196, 15:
225}

Python: Merge two Python dictionaries

Python Code:

# Create the first dictionary 'd1' with key-value pairs.

d1 = {'a': 100, 'b': 200}

# Create the second dictionary 'd2' with key-value pairs.

d2 = {'x': 300, 'y': 200}

# Create a new dictionary 'd' and initialize it as a copy of 'd1'.

d = d1.copy()

# Update the dictionary 'd' by adding key-value pairs from 'd2'.

d.update(d2)
# Print the dictionary 'd' after combining the key-value pairs from 'd1'
and 'd2.

print(d)

Sample Output:

{'x': 300, 'y': 200, 'a': 100, 'b': 200}

Python: Multiply all the items in a dictionary

Python Code:

# Create a dictionary 'my_dict' with keys 'data1', 'data2', and 'data3',

along with their respective values.

my_dict = {'data1': 100, 'data2': -54, 'data3': 247}

# Initialize a variable 'result' to 1. This variable will store the

product of all values in the dictionary.

result = 1 # Iterate through the keys in the 'my_dict' using a for loop.
for key in my_dict:

# Multiply the current 'result' by the value associated with the current
key in 'my_dict'.

result = result * my_dict[key]

# Print the final 'result,' which is the product of all values in the
dictionary.

print(result)

Sample Output:

-1333800
Python: Remove a key from a dictionary
Write a Python program to remove a key from a dictionary.

Visual Presentation:

Sample Solution:
Python Code:

# Create a dictionary 'myDict' with key-value pairs.

myDict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}

# Print the original dictionary 'myDict'. print(myDict)

# Check if the key 'a' exists in the 'myDict' dictionary.

if 'a' in myDict:

# If 'a' is in the dictionary, delete the key-value pair with the key
'a'.

del myDict['a']

# Print the updated dictionary 'myDict' after deleting the key 'a' (if it
existed).

print(myDict)

Sample Output:

{'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}

{'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}

Python: Map two lists into a dictionary

Python Code:

# Create a list 'keys' containing color names.

keys = ['red', 'green', 'blue']

# Create another list 'values' containing corresponding color codes in

hexadecimal format.
values = ['#FF0000', '#008000', '#0000FF']

# Use the 'zip' function to pair each color name with its corresponding
color code and create a list of tuples.

# Then, use the 'dict' constructor to convert this list of tuples into a
dictionary 'color_dictionary'.

color_dictionary = dict(zip(keys, values))

# Print the resulting 'color_dictionary' containing color names as keys

and their associated color codes as values.

print(color_dictionary)

Sample Output:

{'red': '#FF0000', 'green': '#008000', 'blue': '#0000FF'}

Python: Sort a dictionary by key

Write a Python program to sort a given dictionary by key

Python Code:

# Create a dictionary 'color_dict' with color names as keys and their

corresponding color codes in hexadecimal format as values.

color_dict = { 'red': '#FF0000', 'green': '#008000', 'black': '#000000',

'white': '#FFFFFF' }

# Iterate through the keys of the 'color_dict' dictionary after sorting

them in lexicographical order.

for key in sorted(color_dict):

# Print each key-value pair where '%s' is a placeholder for the key and
its associated color code.

print("%s: %s" % (key, color_dict[key])) ​

Sample Output:

black: #000000
green: #008000
red: #FF0000
white: #FFFFFF

Python: Get the maximum and minimum value in a

dictionary

Python Code:

# Create a dictionary 'my_dict' with key-value pairs.

my_dict = {'x': 500, 'y': 5874, 'z': 560}

# Find the key with the maximum value in 'my_dict' using the 'max'
function and a lambda function.

# The 'key' argument specifies how the maximum value is determined.

key_max = max(my_dict.keys(),

key=(lambda k: my_dict[k]))

# Find the key with the minimum value in 'my_dict' using the 'min'
function and a lambda function.

# The 'key' argument specifies how the minimum value is determined.

key_min = min(my_dict.keys(),
key=(lambda k: my_dict[k]))

# Print the maximum value by using the 'key_max' to access the

corresponding value in 'my_dict'.

print('Maximum Value: ', my_dict[key_max])

# Print the minimum value by using the 'key_min' to access the

corresponding value in 'my_dict'.

print('Minimum Value: ', my_dict[key_min])

Sample Output:

Maximum Value: 5874

Minimum Value: 500

Python: Get a dictionary from an object's fields

Python Code:

# Define a class 'dictObj' that inherits from the 'object' class.

class dictObj(object):

# Define the constructor method '__init__' for initializing object

attributes.

def __init__(self):

# Initialize attributes 'x', 'y', and 'z' with string values.

self.x = 'red' self.y = 'Yellow' self.z = 'Green'

# Define a method 'do_nothing' that doesn't perform any actions

(placeholder).
def do_nothing(self): pass

# Create an instance 'test' of the 'dictObj' class.

test = dictObj()

# Print the '__dict__' attribute of the 'test' object, which contains its
attribute-value pairs.

print(test.__dict__)

Sample Output:

{'x': 'red', 'y': 'Yellow', 'z': 'Green'}

Python: Remove duplicates from Dictionary

Last update on April 21 2025 13:01:04 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

17. Remove Duplicates from the Dictionary

Write a Python program to remove duplicates from the dictionary.

Visual Presentation:
Sample Solution:

Python Code:

# Create a nested dictionary 'student_data' containing information about

students with unique IDs.

student_data = { 'id1': { 'name': ['Sara'], 'class': ['V'],

'subject_integration': ['english, math, science'] }, 'id2': { 'name':
['David'], 'class': ['V'], 'subject_integration': ['english, math,
science'] }, 'id3': { 'name': ['Sara'], 'class': ['V'],
'subject_integration': ['english, math, science'] }, 'id4': { 'name':
['Surya'], 'class': ['V'], 'subject_integration': ['english, math,
science'] } }

# Create an empty dictionary 'result' to store unique student records.

result = {}

# Iterate through the key-value pairs in the 'student_data' dictionary

using a for loop.

for key, value in student_data.items():

# Check if the current 'value' (student record) is not already in the

'result' dictionary.

if value not in result.values():

# If the 'value' is not already in 'result', add it to 'result' with its

corresponding 'key'.

result[key] = value

# Print the 'result' dictionary containing unique student records.

print(result)
Sample Output:

{'id2': {'subject_integration': ['english, math, science'],

'class': ['V'], 'name': ['David']},
'id4': {'subje
ct_integration': ['english, math, science'],
'class': ['V'], 'name': ['Surya']},
'id1': {'subject_integration'
: ['english, math, science'],
'class': ['V'], 'name': ['Sara']}}

Python: Combine two dictionary adding values for

common keys

Python Code:

# Import the 'Counter' class from the 'collections' module. from

collections

import Counter

# Create two dictionaries 'd1' and 'd2' with key-value pairs.

d1 = {'a': 100, 'b': 200, 'c': 300}

d2 = {'a': 300, 'b': 200, 'd': 400}

# Use the 'Counter' class to create counter objects for 'd1' and 'd2',
which count the occurrences of each key.

# Then, add the counters together to merge the key-value pairs and their
counts.

d = Counter(d1) + Counter(d2)
# Print the resulting merged dictionary 'd'. print(d)

Sample Output:

Counter({'b': 400, 'd': 400, 'a': 400, 'c': 300})

Python: Print all unique values in a dictionary

Python Code:

# Create a list 'L' containing dictionaries with key-value pairs.

L = [{"V": "S001"}, {"V": "S002"}, {"VI": "S001"}, {"VI": "S005"},

{"VII": "S005"}, {"V": "S009"}, {"VIII": "S007"}]

# Print a message indicating the start of the code section.

print("Original List: ", L)

# Create a set 'u_value' to store unique values found in the dictionaries

within the list 'L'.

# Use a set comprehension to iterate through the dictionaries and values

and extract unique values.

u_value = set(val for dic in L for val in dic.values())

# Print the unique values stored in the 'u_value' set.

print("Unique Values: ", u_value)

Sample Output:

Original List: [{'V': 'S001'}, {'V': 'S002'}, {'VI': 'S001'}, {'VI':

'S005'}, {'VII': 'S005'}, {'V': 'S009'},
{'VIII': 'S007'}]
Unique Values: {'S009', 'S002', 'S007', 'S005', 'S001'}