Scribd
Upload
3 views

8051 Microcontroller Notes

The document provides a comprehensive overview of microcontrollers, specifically focusing on the 8051 architecture, programming essentials, timers, interrupts, and serial communication. It includes details on device and memory interfacing, applications of the 8051 microcontroller, and key topics for exam preparation. The content emphasizes practical programming examples, interfacing techniques, and study tips for mastering the subject.

Uploaded by

shravanii2305
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

8051 Microcontroller Notes

The document provides a comprehensive overview of microcontrollers, specifically focusing on the 8051 architecture, programming essentials, timers, interrupts, and serial communication. It includes details on device and memory interfacing, applications of the 8051 microcontroller, and key topics for exam preparation. The content emphasizes practical programming examples, interfacing techniques, and study tips for mastering the subject.

Uploaded by

shravanii2305
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Microcontroller & Applications (314328)

Microcontroller & Applications

Unit 1: Overview of Microcontrollers and 8051 Architecture

Comparison: Microcontroller vs. Microprocessor

- Microcontroller: Integrates CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports, and Timers on a single chip; ideal for embedded

systems.

- Microprocessor: Only the CPU; requires external components like memory and I/O interfaces.

Key Features of the 8051 Microcontroller:

- 8-bit CPU

- 4 KB on-chip ROM, 128 Bytes on-chip RAM

- 32 Programmable I/O pins organized into 4 ports

- Two 16-bit Timers/Counters

- Five Interrupt sources

- Full-duplex UART for serial communication

Architectural Models:

- Harvard Architecture: Separate memory for program and data; faster execution.

- Von-Neumann Architecture: Shared memory for program and data; simpler design.

Essential Diagrams:

- Block diagram highlighting CPU, RAM, ROM, timers, serial ports, interrupts, and I/O ports.

- Pin diagram detailing functions of Ports P0 to P3, EA, ALE, PSEN, XTAL1/XTAL2.

Unit 2: 8051 Programming Essentials

Software Development Process:

- Editor -> Assembler -> Compiler -> Linker -> Loader

Addressing Modes in 8051:


Microcontroller & Applications (314328)

1. Immediate: MOV A, #55H

2. Register: MOV A, R0

3. Direct: MOV A, 30H

4. Indirect: MOV A, @R0

5. Indexed: MOVC A, @A+DPTR

Key Instruction Types:

- Data Transfer, Arithmetic, Logical, Branch, Machine Control, Boolean instructions

Common Assembler Directives:

- ORG, DB, END, EQU

Programming Examples:

- Adding two numbers

- Masking upper nibble of a byte

- Stack operations using PUSH and POP

Unit 3: Timers, Interrupts, and Serial Communication in 8051

Timer and Counter Configuration:

- TMOD Register: Timer Mode selection

- TCON Register: Control flags for timers and interrupts

Timer Delay Programming:

- Typical use: Timer 0 in Mode 1 for generating delays.

Interrupt System:

- Registers: IE (Interrupt Enable) and IP (Interrupt Priority)

- Types: External interrupts (INT0, INT1), Timers, Serial port

Serial Communication Overview:

- Registers: SBUF (data buffer), SCON (control), PCON (power control)


Microcontroller & Applications (314328)

- Mode 1: 8-bit UART communication

- RS-232 standard interfacing via MAX232

Unit 4: Device and Memory Interfacing

I/O Device Interfacing Techniques:

- LED, 7-Segment Display, and Keyboard Matrix Interfacing

Analog-Digital Interfacing:

- ADC 0808/0809: Start conversion -> Monitor EOC -> Read output.

- DAC 0808: Used to generate analog waveforms (e.g., square, triangular).

External Memory Interfacing:

- Program Memory Expansion (ROM)

- Data Memory Expansion (RAM)

Unit 5: Applications of 8051 Microcontroller

Stepper Motor Interfacing:

- Generating precise rotational movement (CW/CCW) by controlling pulse sequences.

Temperature Measurement:

- LM35 Sensor: Analog voltage proportional to temperature, read using ADC.

Automation Applications:

- Water Level Controller: Inputs from float sensors control motor operation.

Waveform Generation:

- DACs used for generating Square and Triangular waveforms with programmed timing delays.

Key Topics Frequently Asked in Exams (PYQs)

- Detailed Block Diagram of 8051


Microcontroller & Applications (314328)

- Harvard vs. Von-Neumann Architecture comparison

- Timer configuration (TMOD) and Delay generation programs

- Basics of Serial Communication using 8051

- Stepper Motor Interfacing

- Keyboard Interfacing procedures

Study Tips for Success

- Practice drawing block and pin diagrams accurately.

- Write Assembly Language Programs (ALPs) with clear comments.

- Master the usage of different addressing modes.

- Regularly revise important registers (TMOD, TCON, IE, IP, SCON).

You might also like