Itema/Questions

TOPIC: THE OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY AND LIMITATIONS OF AN FCDIS

What does ECDIS stand for?

- Electronic Chart Daplay and Information System

What is the primary data source used by an ECDIS?

- Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs)

What type of backup is required for ECDIS under SOLAS regulations?

- Paper charts or a second ECDIS

How does ECDIS enhance situational awareness?

- By integrating real time GPS data, AIS, and radar overlays

Which feature of ECDIS allow for automatic route monitoring?

- Cross track error alarm

What is a primary limitation of relying solely on ECDIS for navigation?

- It is dependent on accurate GPS input and electronic chart

What does the "safety contour" feature in ECDIS indicate?

-Death contours that are considered safe for navigation

Which type of charts can ECDIS display but are not considered compliant for primary navigation
under SOLAS?
-Raster Navigational Charts (RNCs)

What is the role of "sensor fusion" in ECDIS operations?

= To integrate data from multiple navigational sensors for accurate display

What happens if an ECDIS loses GPS signal?

= It continues to display the last known position but stops real-time updates

What type of alarms does ECDIS generate to alert navigators of potential hazards?
= Visual and auditory alarms for safety contours, shallon walers, and cross-track errors

How should a navigator verify the accuracy of a safety contour set in ECDIS?
= Compare it with the ship's draft and under-kest clearance.

What action should a navigator take if the ECDIS generates a cross-track error alarm?al
= Adjust the ship's heading to bring it bask on course.
A navigator notices that an ENC layer is missing critical depth information. What is the
appropriate response?
- Cross check with paper charts or an alternate ECDIS unit.

While planning a voyage, how can ECDIS assist in avoiding restricted areas?
- By highlighting restricted areas using preloaded chart layers and alarms.

If a shallow water warning appears on ECDIS, what immediate action should be taken?
-Confirm the warning by using a depth sounder and reduce speed

TOPIC: BASIC FUNCTION OF OPERATIONAL CONTROL of ECDIS

What is the primary function of the "safety contour" feature in ECDIS?

- Highlights the depth contour considered safe based on vossel paramotors

Which key operational function allows the navigator to monitor real-time ship positioning on
ECDIS?
- Position falling through GPS Integration

What is the purpose of the cross-track error (XTE) alarm in ECDIS?

- Indicates a deviation from the planned route

Which system input is essential for ECDIS to function correctly?

- GPS positioning data

Why is route planning a critical function of ECDIS?

= It provides an optimized path based on vessel characteristics and navigational hazards.

How does the "look-ahead" function improve navigational safety?

- By identifying potential hazards along the planned roule in real-time

What role does radar overlay play in ECDIS operations?

-Cotelates radar data with charted features for improved situational awareness

Why is regular chart updating critical for ECDIS functionality?

- To ensure the vessel complies with current navigational and safety standards

What is the significance of the "route validation" feature in ECDIS?

- Ensures the planned route avoids restricted and hazardous areas

What does the term "chart scale" refer to in the context of ECDIS?
- The ratio between a distance on the chart and the corresponding distance on the ground.
How does the ECDIS display navigational hazards?
- Through visual icons, color coding, and alarm

Which feature is unique to user chart layers compared to other ECDIS layers?
= Customizable marks, labels, and roules

How does ECDIS ensure the reliability of information layers?

= By ensuring data is sourced from official ENC producers and regularly updated

Why is it important to differentiate between user chart layers and event graphics?
- To distinguish between custom annotations and system generated incident data

What is the primary purpose of information layers in an ECDIS?

- To display official ENC data and additional chart detail

What defines user chart layers in ECDIS?

- Custom annotations and marks added by the user

What is the function of event graphics in ECDIS?

- To visually display recorded data such as course changes, alarms, or incidents

Which of the following layers is mandated by IMO regulations for safe navigation?
= ENC information layers

What type of data is commonly included in information layers?

- Depth contours, navigation marks, and hazards

How do information layers differ from user chart layers in ECDIS?

- Information layers are official FNC data, whereas user chart layers are custom entries made by
the navigator

Why are user chart layers important in voyage planning

They allow navigators to mark speech: hazards or instructions not included in the FNC

What distinguishes event graphics from other ECDIS layers:

Events graphics are automatically generated by FACTS based on navigational events or alarms.

Which feature is unique to user chart layers compared to other ECDIS layers?
= Customizable marks, labels, and roules

How does ECDIS ensure the reliability of information layers?

= By ensuring data is sourced from official ENC providers and regularly updated

Why is it important to differentiate between user chart layers and event graphics?
= To distinguish between custom annotations and system-generalized incident data

What happens to event graphics after an incident is resolved?

= They remain recorded for future reference and analysis

While navigating, the navigator notices a shallow water area not marked in the ENC. What
should they do?
= Mark the area using the user chart layer for future reference
.
During a voyage, an ECDIS alarm is triggered due to a navigational event. How is this recorded
in the system?
= Its recorded in the event graphics layer for the review

How should a navigator update user chart layers after receiving updated ENC data?
- Review and modify custom annotations to reflect the new ENC updates.

If an ENC update includes new hazards, but they conflict with user chart layer annotations, what
should the navigator do?
-Cross-check the FNC update with other navigational aids and adjust accordingly.

What is the key characteristic of a Vector Navigation Chart (VNC)?

- It is composed of layers of digital data

What is the key characteristic of a Vector Navigation Chart (VNC)?

= Its composed of layers of digital data.

What is the main purpose of Raster Navigation Charts (RNC)?

To provide a digital replica of paper charts

Which type of chart retains the original appearance of a paper chart?

(no answer in screenshot)

What is a disadvantage of RNCs compared to VNCs?

-Lack of interactive features like automatic alarms

Which type of chart is most likely to include real-time updates and interactive features?
-VNC

How do VNCs differ from RNCs in terms of scalability?

= VNCs maintain clarity when zoomed in or out whereas RNCs may paelate.

Why are VNCa considered superior for ECDIS systems compared to RNCo?
- They provide interactive layers with alarms and route monitoring
What is a significant limitation of RNCs in comparison to VNCs?
= RNCs cannot be updated to reflect real-time data.

In what way are VINCs more effective for route planning compared to RNCs?
= VNOs provide scalable charts with interactive features like danger zone warnings

Which chart format is preferred for areas with dense navigational data?
- VNC, because it allows for filtering and highlighting critical data

What happens when an RNC is zoomed beyond its original scale?

= It becomes pixelated and loses clarity.

What is a major advantage of VNCe over RNCe in terms of usability?

= VNCs allow real-time overlays of AIS, radar, and weather data
.
How does the ability to customize data affect the choice between VNCs and RNCs?
= VNCs allow users to turn layers on or off, whereas RNCs do not.

A navigator needs to filter date to display only navigational hazards and depth contours. Which
chart type should they use?
-VNC

uring an emergency requiring quick data access, what is the main advantage of using a VNC
over an RNC?
- VNCs provide interactive features to highlight critical areas like hazards

How can a navigator effectively use an RNC if a VNC is unavailable?

- By manually cross referencing with external navigational aids.

A navigator encounters conflicting information between an RNC and VNC. What should they
do?
- Verify the data using other navigational sources and instruments

If a navigator needs to integrate radar and AIS overlays, which chart type is more suitable?
= VNC.