Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal

Volume 7 Nomor 2, Januari-Juni 2024

e-ISSN : 2597-3819
p-ISSN : 2597-9248
DOI : https://doi.org/10.31539/leea.v7i2.10034

USE OF TECHNOLOGY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE

LEARNING: CHALLENGES AND BENEFITS
Nadia Mayang Sari1
Universitas Jambi

Mukhlash Abrar2
Universitas Jambi

Nadiamayangsariixd@gmail.com1

Submit, 09-05-2024 Accepted, 31-05-2024 Publish,01-06-2024

ABSTRACT
The integration of technology in English language learning has become increasingly
prominent due to its potential to enhance educational experiences and outcomes.
However, its implementation presents various challenges that must be addressed. This
study aims to investigate the primary challenges encountered by teachers and students
in incorporating technology into English language learning classrooms, as well as the
potential benefits. This study employed a qualitative approach to explore the challenges
and benefits of using technology in English language learning. The findings highlight
significant challenges, including limited access to technology, lack of digital literacy,
and pedagogical issues. Conversely, the benefits include increased student motivation,
exposure to authentic language resources, personalized learning experiences, and
multimodal learning opportunities. Understanding these challenges and leveraging the
advantages can enable educators and stakeholders to make informed decisions and
implement effective strategies to optimize technology integration in language
classrooms, ultimately enhancing learning experiences and outcomes.
Keywords: Digital Literacy, Benefits and Challenges of Using Technology

INTRODUCTION
In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, the integration of technology in
education has become an indispensable aspect, particularly in the field of language
learning. The use of technology in English language learning has garnered significant
attention and interest from educators, researchers, and policymakers worldwide. As the
global community becomes increasingly interconnected, proficiency in the English
language has emerged as a vital skill for personal, academic, and professional success
across diverse domains.

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The advent of technological tools and resources, such as computers,

smartphones, multimedia platforms, online learning environments, and virtual reality
applications, has revolutionized the way language acquisition and instruction are
approached. These advancements have opened up new avenues for language learners
to engage with authentic materials, participate in interactive activities, collaborate with
peers and instructors from around the world, and access a wealth of learning resources
that were once scarce or inaccessible (Alvarez, 2021).
The urgency of this research lies in the pressing need to adapt to the digital
transformation that is reshaping educational landscapes globally. The COVID-19
pandemic has further accelerated the reliance on digital tools, highlighting both the
potential and the necessity of integrating technology into language education (Younie,
2020). As traditional face-to-face learning environments are increasingly supplemented
or replaced by digital platforms, understanding the effective use of technology in
English language learning becomes critical for ensuring equitable access to quality
education.
However, the integration of technology in language classrooms has also
presented various challenges that need to be addressed. Issues such as limited access to
technological infrastructure, lack of financial resources, inadequate digital literacy
among learners and educators, and concerns regarding the effective pedagogical
integration of technology have posed obstacles to the seamless adoption of
technological tools in language learning environments (Hodges et al., 2020).
This research is novel in its comprehensive examination of both the challenges
and benefits of technology use in English language learning, incorporating recent
advancements and emerging technologies. While previous studies have explored
aspects of technology in education, this research uniquely addresses the post-pandemic
shift towards digital learning environments and the innovative ways in which
technology can be harnessed to overcome current educational barriers. By focusing on
contemporary technological tools and their pedagogical implications, this study
provides fresh insights and practical recommendations for optimizing technology
integration in diverse educational contexts.
By focusing on contemporary technological tools and their pedagogical
implications, this study aims to provide fresh insights and practical recommendations
for optimizing technology integration in diverse educational contexts. Moreover, it
aims to address the significant difficulties faced by many language learners, especially
those in developing countries or underprivileged communities, in accessing and
utilizing technological resources.

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Many language learners, especially those in developing countries or

underprivileged communities, face significant difficulties in accessing and utilizing
technological resources due to factors such as inadequate infrastructure, limited
financial resources, or a lack of digital skills training. Moreover, the successful
integration of technology in language learning requires careful planning, effective
teacher training programs, and a well-designed pedagogical framework to ensure that
the use of technology fosters meaningful, engaging, and context-appropriate learning
experiences.
Despite these challenges, numerous research studies have highlighted the
potential benefits of technology in enhancing language learning outcomes and
experiences. Interactive multimedia tools, immersive virtual environments, and
gamified language learning applications can foster increased motivation, engagement,
and personalized learning experiences tailored to individual needs and learning styles.
Online platforms, mobile applications, and digital resources provide opportunities for
authentic language exposure, real-time communication with native speakers, and
access to diverse cultural perspectives.
Additionally, technological tools can cater to diverse learning styles and
facilitate multimodal input and interaction, which can contribute to more effective
language acquisition by engaging multiple senses and cognitive processes. The
integration of technology also enables learners to take an active role in their learning
journey, promoting self-directed and collaborative learning experiences that align with
modern pedagogical approaches.
In presenting this research, the aim is to comprehensively explore the challenges
and benefits associated with the use of technology in English language learning from
various perspectives. By understanding the obstacles and leveraging the advantages,
educators, policymakers, and stakeholders can make informed decisions and
implement effective strategies to optimize the integration of technology in language
classrooms. Ultimately, this can enhance the learning experiences and outcomes for
English language learners, equipping them with the necessary skills to navigate an
increasingly globalized and digitally driven world.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Technology in Language Learning
The integration of technology in language learning has a rich historical
background, tracing its roots back to the advent of computer-assisted language learning
(CALL) in the 1960s. CALL paved the way for the use of computers and software
programs to enhance language instruction and practice. Over the years, CALL evolved

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into more advanced and interactive forms, such as multimedia CALL, which
incorporated various media types, including audio, video, graphics, and animations
(Levy, 2021).
With the widespread adoption of mobile devices, a new theoretical framework
emerged – Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL). MALL leverages the
portability and ubiquity of mobile technologies, enabling language learners to access
educational resources and engage in language practice anytime, anywhere (Stockwell,
2019). Applications, podcasts, and mobile-friendly websites have become invaluable
tools for MALL.
More recently, the concept of Technology-Enhanced Language Learning
(TELL) has gained traction. TELL encompasses a broader range of technologies
beyond computers and mobile devices, including virtual reality (VR), augmented
reality (AR), and online platforms. These cutting-edge technologies offer immersive
and interactive learning experiences, allowing learners to simulate real-world
scenarios, practice language skills in virtual environments, and collaborate with peers
and instructors globally (Hubbard, 2020).
The types of technology used in language learning are diverse and constantly
evolving. Multimedia tools, such as interactive whiteboards, video conferencing
software, and educational games, provide multimodal input and engage learners
through various sensory channels. Online platforms, like learning management systems
(LMS) and massive open online courses (MOOCs), facilitate distance learning, content
sharing, and collaborative activities. Mobile applications offer vocabulary practice,
grammar exercises, and gamified language lessons tailored for on-the-go learning.
Virtual reality applications transport learners to simulated environments, enabling them
to practice language skills in realistic contexts, while augmented reality overlays digital
information onto the physical world, enhancing language learning with interactive and
contextual experiences.
Challenges in Integrating Technology
While the integration of technology in language learning holds immense
potential, it also presents several challenges that must be addressed. One of the primary
obstacles is the limited access to technological infrastructure and resources, particularly
in developing countries or underprivileged communities (Dudley, 2020). Inadequate
hardware, software, and reliable internet connectivity can hinder the effective
implementation of technology-enhanced language learning.
Another significant challenge lies in the digital literacy levels of both teachers
and students. Educators may lack the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively
incorporate technology into their teaching practices, while students may struggle with

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navigating digital tools and platforms. Comprehensive training and professional

development programs are crucial to bridge this gap and ensure the successful adoption
of technology in language classrooms (Stockwell & Hubbard, 2021).
Pedagogical considerations and curriculum design also pose challenges.
Integrating technology into language learning requires a well-structured and thoughtful
approach to align technological tools with specific learning objectives, instructional
strategies, and assessment methods. Failure to do so can lead to ineffective or disjointed
learning experiences.
Technical issues and compatibility problems can further impede the smooth
implementation of technology in language learning. Software updates, hardware
compatibility, and interoperability between different platforms and devices can create
frustrations and disrupt the learning process. Robust technical support and regular
maintenance are essential to mitigate these challenges (Levy, 2021).
Benefits of Using Technology
Despite the challenges, the integration of technology in language learning offers
numerous benefits that can significantly enhance the learning experience and
outcomes. One of the most notable advantages is the potential to increase student
motivation and engagement. Interactive multimedia resources, gamified language
applications, and immersive virtual environments can make language learning more
enjoyable, captivating, and relevant to students' digital native lifestyles.
Technology also provides unprecedented access to authentic language
resources and cultural exposure. Online platforms, multimedia repositories, and virtual
exchanges enable learners to engage with native speakers, explore diverse cultural
contexts, and immerse themselves in real-life language usage scenarios, fostering a
deeper understanding and appreciation of the target language and culture (Hubbard,
2020).
Additionally, technology facilitates personalized and student-centered learning
experiences. Adaptive learning systems can tailor content and activities based on
individual learners' needs, proficiency levels, and learning styles, promoting self-paced
and self-directed learning. This personalized approach caters to diverse learning
preferences and can lead to more effective language acquisition.
Furthermore, technology-enhanced language learning offers multimodal and
interactive learning experiences. Integrating various media types, such as audio, video,
graphics, and simulations, engages multiple senses and cognitive processes, catering to
different learning styles and reinforcing language comprehension and retention.
Interactive features like real-time feedback, virtual language practice scenarios, and

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collaborative projects foster active engagement and social interaction, which are crucial
for developing communicative competence.
Effective Implementation Strategies
To maximize the benefits of technology in language learning and overcome the
associated challenges, effective implementation strategies are paramount. One crucial
aspect is teacher professional development and training. Educators need to be equipped
with the necessary technical skills, pedagogical knowledge, and confidence to integrate
technology seamlessly into their teaching practices (Stockwell & Hubbard, 2021).
Ongoing professional development opportunities, such as workshops, online courses,
and peer mentoring programs, can empower teachers to leverage technology
effectively.
Student training and support are also essential components of successful
technology integration. Providing learners with guidance, tutorials, and technical
assistance can help them navigate digital tools and platforms with ease, enabling them
to focus on language learning rather than wrestling with technological hurdles.
Curriculum integration and instructional design play a pivotal role in ensuring
the coherent and meaningful incorporation of technology into language learning.
Aligning technological tools and resources with specific learning objectives,
instructional strategies, and assessment methods is crucial for creating a cohesive and
effective learning experience. Collaborative efforts between language educators,
instructional designers, and technology specialists can lead to well-structured and
pedagogically sound technology-enhanced curricula.
Finally, the evaluation and assessment of technology-enhanced language
learning are critical for continuous improvement and measuring the effectiveness of
the implemented strategies. Regular monitoring, data collection, and analysis of student
performance, engagement levels, and learning outcomes can provide valuable insights
for refining and optimizing the use of technology in language classrooms (Levy, 2021).
Additionally, seeking feedback from students and teachers can inform future decisions
and adaptations to ensure the successful integration of technology in language learning.
Impact on Language Skills Development
The integration of technology in language learning can have a profound impact
on the development of various language skills. For reading and writing skills,
technology offers a wealth of digital resources, including e-books, online articles,
collaborative writing platforms, and automated feedback tools (Dudley, 2020). These
tools can enhance reading comprehension, promote critical analysis, and improve
writing fluency and accuracy through interactive exercises and personalized feedback.

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In the realm of listening and speaking skills, technology provides access to

authentic audio and video materials, such as podcasts, movies, and online
conversations. Additionally, virtual language exchange platforms and video
conferencing tools enable learners to practice speaking and listening with native
speakers or peers from around the world, fostering real-time communication and
cultural exchange.
Vocabulary and grammar acquisition can also be facilitated through
technology-enhanced learning. Interactive applications, gamified activities, and
adaptive language learning platforms offer personalized vocabulary and grammar
practice, reinforcement, and assessment. Multimedia annotations, visual aids, and
context-based learning can enhance retention and understanding of language structures
and usage.
Moreover, technology plays a pivotal role in developing communicative
competence and cultural awareness. Virtual simulations, role-playing scenarios, and
immersive language learning environments expose learners to authentic
communication situations and cultural contexts. By engaging in these interactive
experiences, learners can develop pragmatic skills, understand cultural nuances, and
build intercultural competence, which are essential for effective communication in real-
world settings.
Accessibility and Equity in Technology-Enhanced Learning
While technology holds immense potential for enhancing language learning,
issues of accessibility and equity must be addressed to ensure inclusive and equitable
opportunities for all learners. One significant challenge is the digital divide and
socioeconomic factors that can limit access to technological resources and
infrastructure (Stockwell & Hubbard, 2021). Learners from underprivileged
backgrounds or marginalized communities may face barriers in accessing digital
devices, reliable internet connectivity, and educational technologies, perpetuating
existing inequalities.

METHOD
This study employed a qualitative approach to explore the challenges and
benefits of using technology in English language learning. A phenomenological design
was utilized, which aimed to understand the lived experiences and perspectives of
language learners and instructors engaged in technology-enhanced language
classrooms. The participants in this study were purposively selected to include a
diverse range of perspectives. A total of 15 English language learners, aged between

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18 and 25 years old, and 10 English language instructors from various educational
institutions participated in the study.
Qualitative data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews
with both learners and instructors. These interviews aimed to gather rich, detailed
descriptions of their experiences, challenges faced, and perceived benefits of using
technology in language learning. Additionally, classroom observations were conducted
to gain insights into the actual implementation and use of technology in language
classrooms. The researchers conducted interviews with participants and observed
language classrooms where technology was being integrated. The interviews were
audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis.
The qualitative data, including interview transcripts and observation notes,
were analyzed using thematic analysis. The researchers followed a systematic process
of coding, organizing, and identifying recurring themes and patterns related to the
challenges and benefits of using technology in language learning. This inductive
approach allowed for the emergence of themes grounded in the participants'
perspectives and experiences. The findings from the thematic analysis were then
interpreted and discussed in relation to the existing literature and theoretical
frameworks in the field of technology-enhanced language learning.
With this qualitative approach, the study aimed to provide an in-depth
understanding of the lived experiences, challenges, and perceived benefits of using
technology in English language learning from the perspectives of both learners and
instructors. The rich, descriptive data collected through interviews and observations
allowed for a nuanced exploration of the research topic.

FINDING
One of the major challenges identified was the limited access to technological
infrastructure and resources. Despite the potential benefits of technology-enhanced
learning, many participants, particularly those from underprivileged backgrounds or
rural areas, reported difficulties in accessing reliable internet connectivity, up-to-date
hardware, and software. This digital divide posed a significant obstacle to the effective
implementation of technology in language classrooms. Another challenge highlighted
was the lack of digital literacy among both teachers and students. While some
participants were adept at using various technological tools, others struggled with
navigating digital platforms, troubleshooting technical issues, and effectively
integrating technology into their teaching or learning practices. This highlighted the
need for comprehensive training and professional development programs for educators,
as well as digital literacy initiatives for students. In terms of challenges related to

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pedagogical considerations and curriculum design, the findings revealed that many
teachers faced difficulties in aligning technological tools and resources with specific
language learning objectives and instructional strategies. Integrating technology in a
meaningful and cohesive manner requires careful planning and a deep understanding
of how to leverage technology to enhance language acquisition and skill development.
However, despite these challenges, the study also revealed numerous benefits
associated with the use of technology in English language learning. One notable benefit
was the increased motivation and engagement of students. Participants reported that
the incorporation of interactive multimedia resources, gamified language learning
applications, and immersive virtual environments made the learning experience more
enjoyable, captivating, and relevant to their native digital lifestyles. Furthermore,
technology provided unparalleled access to authentic language resources and cultural
exposure. Through online platforms, multimedia repositories, and virtual exchanges,
learners could engage with native speakers, explore diverse cultural contexts, and
immerse themselves in real-life language usage scenarios, fostering a deeper
understanding and appreciation of the target language and culture. The study also
highlighted the potential of technology to facilitate personalized and student-centered
learning experiences. Adaptive learning systems tailor content and activities based on
individual learners' needs, proficiency levels, and learning styles, promoting self-paced
and self-directed learning. This personalized approach catered to diverse learning
preferences and could lead to more effective language acquisition. Additionally,
technology-enhanced language learning offered multimodal and interactive learning
experiences. By integrating various media types, such as audio, video, graphics, and
simulations, learners could engage multiple senses and cognitive processes, catering to
different learning styles and reinforcing language comprehension and retention.
Interactive features like real-time feedback, virtual language practice scenarios, and
collaborative projects fostered active engagement and social interaction, which are
crucial for developing communicative competence.

DISCUSSION
The challenges associated with integrating technology into language learning
should not be underestimated; the potential benefits demonstrated in this study
highlight the importance of addressing these obstacles through strategic planning,
resource allocation, and continuous professional development. Limited access to
technological infrastructure and resources, particularly for underprivileged and rural
participants, underscores the need for targeted investments and policies to bridge the
digital divide. Additionally, the varying levels of digital literacy among teachers and

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students call for comprehensive training programs that equip all stakeholders with the
necessary skills to effectively use and integrate technology in educational settings.
Moreover, Hodges et al (2020) state that the smooth integration of technological tools
in language learning environments has been hampered by problems like restricted
access to technological infrastructure, a lack of funding, low levels of digital literacy
among students and teachers, and doubts about the efficient pedagogical integration of
technology.
Pedagogical and curriculum design challenges require educators to be well-
versed in aligning technological tools with language learning objectives and
instructional strategies. This demands ongoing professional development and
collaboration among educators to share best practices and innovative approaches.
Despite these hurdles, the study reveals that technology can significantly enhance
language learning by increasing student motivation and engagement, providing access
to authentic resources and cultural exposure, and facilitating personalized and
multimodal learning experiences.

CONCLUSION
While there are significant challenges to the integration of technology in
English language learning, the potential benefits are substantial. By adopting effective
strategies and addressing issues of accessibility and equity, educators and policymakers
can optimize the use of technology to enhance language learning experiences and
outcomes, ultimately preparing learners for success in an increasingly globalized and
digitally-driven world.

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