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Django Todo Guide Full

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12 views7 pages

Django Todo Guide Full

Uploaded by

barielnenlivinus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Complete Django Setup and To-Do App Guide

1. Setting Up Django

1. Install Python: Download Python from https://www.python.org and install it.

2. Create a virtual environment:

python -m venv env

source env/bin/activate (Linux/Mac)

env\Scripts\activate (Windows)

3. Install Django:

pip install django djangorestframework

4. Start a Django project:

django-admin startproject todoproject

cd todoproject

5. Create an app:

python manage.py startapp todo

6. Add 'rest_framework', 'todo', and 'rest_framework.authtoken' to INSTALLED_APPS in settings.py.

7. Run migrations:

python manage.py migrate

8. Start development server:

python manage.py runserver

2. Models and Serializers (with Examples)

Models define your database structure. Example model for a To-Do item:

from django.db import models


from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class ToDo(models.Model):

user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

name = models.CharField(max_length=255)

details = models.TextField()

start_time = models.DateTimeField()

end_time = models.DateTimeField()

completed = models.BooleanField(default=False)

Serializers convert models to JSON. Example using ModelSerializer:

from rest_framework import serializers

from .models import ToDo

class ToDoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

class Meta:

model = ToDo

fields = '__all__'

Other serialization techniques:

1. Manual Serializer:

class SimpleSerializer(serializers.Serializer):

name = serializers.CharField()

2. Partial field selection:

fields = ['name', 'completed']

3. Nested Serializers for related objects.


4. ReadOnlyField for computed values.

5. Custom create/update methods.

3. Views: CRUD Functions for To-Do App

Views handle logic. Here's a CRUD setup using APIView:

from rest_framework.views import APIView

from rest_framework.response import Response

from rest_framework import status

from .models import ToDo

from .serializers import ToDoSerializer

class ToDoList(APIView):

def get(self, request):

todos = ToDo.objects.filter(user=request.user)

serializer = ToDoSerializer(todos, many=True)

return Response(serializer.data)

def post(self, request):

serializer = ToDoSerializer(data=request.data)

if serializer.is_valid():

serializer.save(user=request.user)

return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)

return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class ToDoDetail(APIView):
def get_object(self, pk):

return ToDo.objects.get(pk=pk)

def put(self, request, pk):

todo = self.get_object(pk)

serializer = ToDoSerializer(todo, data=request.data)

if serializer.is_valid():

serializer.save()

return Response(serializer.data)

return Response(serializer.errors, status=400)

def delete(self, request, pk):

todo = self.get_object(pk)

todo.delete()

return Response(status=204)

4. Routing in Django REST Framework

In Django, URLs are managed using a URL dispatcher.

1. In app/urls.py:

from django.urls import path

from .views import ToDoList, ToDoDetail

urlpatterns = [

path('todos/', ToDoList.as_view(), name='todo-list'),

path('todos/<int:pk>/', ToDoDetail.as_view(), name='todo-detail'),


]

2. In project/urls.py:

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [

path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

path('api/', include('todo.urls')),

5. Step-by-Step: Build a To-Do App with User Authentication

1. Set up User Authentication using Django Rest Framework Token Auth:

from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token

urlpatterns += [

path('auth/', obtain_auth_token),

2. Create User Serializer and View:

from rest_framework.authtoken.models import Token

from rest_framework import generics

from django.contrib.auth.models import User

from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny

from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer


class UserSerializer(ModelSerializer):

class Meta:

model = User

fields = ['username', 'password']

extra_kwargs = {'password': {'write_only': True}}

class RegisterUser(generics.CreateAPIView):

queryset = User.objects.all()

serializer_class = UserSerializer

permission_classes = [AllowAny]

def perform_create(self, serializer):

user = serializer.save()

Token.objects.create(user=user)

Add to urls.py:

path('register/', RegisterUser.as_view()),

3. Use Token Authentication in settings.py:

REST_FRAMEWORK = {

'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [

'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication',

}
4. Models, Serializers, Views, URLs ? all work together for a fully functional to-do app.

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