Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/21
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2023
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*2838750896*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages.

IB23 11_0610_21/5RP
© UCLES 2023 [Turn over
 2

1 Some processes carried out by living organisms are listed.

1 egestion
2 excretion
3 reproduction
4 respiration

Which processes are carried out by all living organisms?

A 1, 2, 3 and 4
B 1, 2 and 3 only
C 2, 3 and 4 only
D 3 and 4 only

2 The scientific name for humans is Homo sapiens.

What does Homo refer to?

A mammal
B genus
C kingdom
D species

3 Some structures found in cells are listed.

1 cell membrane
2 cell wall
3 mitochondria
4 nucleus

Which structures are found in prokaryotic cells?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

4 In a mesophyll cell, where are chloroplasts found?

A between the cell wall and the cell membrane

B in the cytoplasm
C in the nucleus
D in the vacuole

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23

 3

5 The diagram shows a flatworm. The flatworm has been magnified by 100.

50 mm

What is the actual size of the flatworm?

A 0.5 m B 5 m C 50 m D 500 m

6 The diagrams show how a cell appears under the microscope at the start of an experiment and
after it has been placed in a dilute solution of salts for 5 minutes.

start of the after placing in a

experiment dilute solution of salts

Which statement explains what happens?

A Dissolved salts enter the cell by diffusion.

B Dissolved salts leave the cell by diffusion.
C Water enters the cell by osmosis.
D Water leaves the cell by osmosis.

7 The concentration of nitrate ions is higher inside a root hair cell than in the soil.

What would be required for the absorption of nitrate ions into the root hair cell?

1 mitochondria
2 oxygen
3 membrane proteins
4 cell wall

A 1, 2, 3 and 4
B 1, 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 2 only
D 1 only

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23 [Turn over

 4

8 What is the colour change shown by Benedict’s solution when heated with a reducing sugar?

A blue to purple
B blue to red
C brown to blue-black
D red to yellow

9 The diagram shows the digestive system.

Which part absorbs the most water?

D
B

10 Which statement is correct?

A The active site of an enzyme has the same shape as the substrate.
B The active site is not affected by changes in temperature.
C The shape of the active site of an enzyme is complementary to its substrate.
D The substrate and product combine at the active site.

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23

 5

11 The graph shows how the rate of photosynthesis of a plant changes with light intensity, at three
different carbon dioxide concentrations. In each case the temperature is 15 C.

0.10% carbon dioxide

X
rate of 0.04% carbon dioxide
photosynthesis
0.02% carbon dioxide

light intensity

What is the limiting factor for the rate of photosynthesis at point X on the graph?

A carbon dioxide concentration

B light intensity
C surface area of the plant
D temperature

12 The diagram shows a test-tube at the start and at the end of an enzyme experiment.

enzyme + enzyme +
substrate 10 minutes products
temperature
35 °C

At the end of the experiment, the mixture in the test-tube contains glycerol.

Which row correctly identifies the enzyme and the substrate it acts on?

substrate it
enzyme
acts on

A amylase fat
B amylase glucose
C lipase fat
D lipase glucose

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23 [Turn over

 6

13 The diagram shows the teeth in the lower jaw of a human.

Which tooth is a molar?

B
C
A

14 What is meant by chemical digestion?

A Large insoluble molecules are broken down into small soluble molecules.
B Large soluble molecules are broken down into small insoluble molecules.
C Small insoluble molecules are built up into large soluble molecules.
D Small soluble molecules are built up into large insoluble molecules.

15 The diagram shows a villus in the small intestine.

What is absorbed at X?

A fatty acids
B glucose
C glycogen
D starch

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23

 7

16 What is a description of transpiration?

A exchange of gases between the leaf and the atmosphere

B loss of water vapour from the leaves of a plant
C movement of water from the roots to the leaves
D movement of water through the cells of the leaf

17 Parts of a plant are listed.

1 mesophyll cells
2 root cortex cells
3 root hair cells
4 xylem vessels

What is the pathway taken by water in the plant?

A 1423

B 1234

C 3142

D 3241

18 The diagrams show the single circulation of a fish and the double circulation of a mammal.

gill capillaries lung capillaries

X
R Y
S
ventricle
atria
atrium

Z ventricles
T

body capillaries body capillaries

fish circulation mammal circulation

Which letters represent areas with the most oxygenated blood?

A R and X B S and Y C T and Y D T and Z

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23 [Turn over

 8

19 What is the role of lymphocytes in the blood?

A antibody production
B blood clotting
C phagocytosis
D oxygen transport

20 A patient was injected with antibodies after being bitten by a poisonous snake. The patient
recovered and survived.

What describes the effect of the injection in the patient’s body?

active passive memory cells

immunity immunity produced

A    key
B    = yes
C    = no
D   

21 Which table correctly shows the difference in composition of inspired air compared with
expired air?

A B

inspired air expired air inspired air expired air

oxygen less more oxygen less more

carbon dioxide less more carbon dioxide more less

C D

inspired air expired air inspired air expired air

oxygen more less oxygen more less

carbon dioxide less more carbon dioxide more less

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23

 9

22 Which row shows the correct combination of muscle contractions and the pressure in the thorax
when breathing out?

internal external
pressure
intercostal intercostal diaphragm
in thorax
muscles muscles

A contracted contracted contracted high

B contracted relaxed relaxed high
C relaxed contracted contracted high
D relaxed relaxed relaxed low

23 Three statements about anaerobic respiration are listed.

1 In humans, the product is lactic acid.

2 In yeast, the product is lactic acid.
3 It releases more energy per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration.

Which statements are correct?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 only D 2 and 3 only

24 What is the balanced chemical equation for a type of respiration that occurs in yeast?

A C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + 6H2O

B 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2

C C6H12O6  2C2H5OH + 2CO2

D 2C2H5OH + 2CO2  C6H12O6

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23 [Turn over

 10

25 The diagram shows the human excretory system.

Which labelled structure is the urethra?

26 The diagrams show three types of neurones.

L
NOT TO
SCALE

Which sequence shows the direction that impulses will travel during a reflex action?

A LMN

B MLN

C MNL

D NML

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23

 11

27 Which statement about rods and cones in the eye is correct?

A Both rods and cones detect different colours of light.

B Only cones are present in the blind spot.
C Rods are more sensitive than cones in low light intensity.
D There are three types of rods but only one type of cone.

28 Which diseases can be successfully treated with antibiotics?

diseases diseases
caused by rickets caused by
bacteria viruses

A    key
B    = can be treated
C    = cannot be treated
D   

29 Which statement about human sexual reproduction is correct?

A All gametes are haploid.

B Fertilisation occurs when two diploid nuclei fuse.
C The sperm is the male zygote.
D Sexual reproduction results in haploid offspring.

30 Where is oestrogen produced?

A cervix
B ovaries
C oviducts
D uterus

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23 [Turn over

 12

31 Which row shows correct information about mitosis?

number of chromosomes
cells produced by mitosis in the daughter cells
compared to the parent cell

A are genetically different half the number

to the parent cell
B are genetically different the same number
to the parent cell
C are genetically identical half the number
to the parent cell
D are genetically identical the same number
to the parent cell

32 Polydactyly is a condition that can occur in cats and results in affected individuals having extra
toes.

The diagram shows the inheritance of the condition in a family of cats.

key
polydactyl female cat
polydactyl male cat
non-polydactyl female cat
non-polydactyl male cat

What does the family tree show about the allele for polydactyly?

A It is codominant.
B It could be dominant or recessive.
C It is dominant.
D It is recessive.

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23

 13

33 The photomicrograph shows a cross-section through a marram grass leaf.

Which feature is an adaptation of a xerophyte?

A the presence of chloroplasts

B the presence of fine hairs
C the presence of phloem tissue
D the presence of xylem vessels

34 Some statements about mutations are given.

1 A random change in the amino acid sequence in DNA causes gene mutation.
2 A mutation is a genetic change.
3 Ionising radiation decreases the rate of mutation.
4 New alleles are formed by mutations.

Which statements are correct?

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23 [Turn over

 14

35 The graph shows the growth of a population of rabbits in one area.

X
population

time

Which statements are correct?

1 At X, the birth rate is higher than the death rate.

2 At X, there are no deaths and the population is limited by a lack of food.
3 At Y, the birth rate and death rate are equal.

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 1 only D 2 only

36 In guinea pigs, the allele for black fur is dominant and the allele for white fur is recessive.

A test cross can be used to determine the genotype of a guinea pig with black fur.

What would be the expected result of the test cross if the guinea pig with black fur was
homozygous?

A 50% black, 50% white

B 25% black, 75% white
C 100% black
D 100% white

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23

 15

37 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

nitrogen gas in the atmosphere

decomposition
animal
by bacteria
protein

process R feeding ammonium process T

by bacteria digestion ions by bacteria
in the soil in the soil
plant decomposition
protein by bacteria

absorption process S
by bacteria
nitrates in the soil

Which row shows the correct processes for R, S and T?

denitrification nitrogen fixation nitrification

A R S T
B T S R
C T R S
D S R T

38 During eutrophication, what causes the death of fish?

A increased growth of producers

B increased photosynthesis by producers
C decreased concentration of carbon dioxide in the water
D decreased concentration of oxygen in the water

39 Which product is made using an enzyme rather than bacteria or fungi?

A insulin
B penicillin
C lactose-free milk
D mycoprotein

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23 [Turn over

 16

40 Some ways in which humans make use of organisms are listed.

1 using yeast to produce ethanol

2 artificial selection of sheep with thick wool
3 using bacteria to produce human substances

What are examples of genetic modification?

A 1 and 3 B 1 only C 2 and 3 D 3 only

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2023 0610/21/O/N/23

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2023
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*6444434436*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages.

IB23 11_0610_22/5RP
© UCLES 2023 [Turn over
 2

1 Which processes are characteristics of all living organisms?

1 digestion
2 respiration
3 excretion

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 only

2 Using the binomial system, the Arctic fox is called Vulpes lagopus.

Which row is correct?

Vulpes lagopus

A genus kingdom
B genus species
C species genus
D species kingdom

3 Which feature is found in viruses?

A cell wall
B mitochondria
C nucleus
D protein coat

4 Which features are possessed by all plant cells?

a cell wall chloroplasts

A   key
B    = yes
C    = no
D  

5 The length of a bacterium in a diagram is 50 mm. The magnification of the diagram is 5000.

What is the actual length of the bacterium?

A 1 m B 10 m C 100 m D 1000 m

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23

 3

6 The diagram shows an experiment to investigate osmosis in living cells.

water
potato

glass dish

concentrated
sugar solution

What happens to the volumes of water and sugar solution after 12 hours?

volume of
volume of water
sugar solution

A decreases increases
B increases increases
C increases remains the same
D remains the same decreases

7 Which statements about active transport are correct?

1 It transports particles from a low concentration to a high concentration.

2 It always transports particles into cells.
3 It involves protein molecules in the cell membrane.
4 It uses energy from respiration.

A 1, 2, 3 and 4
B 1, 3 and 4 only
C 1 and 2 only
D 3 and 4 only

8 Which row identifies the chemical elements in proteins?

carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen

A     key
B      = present
C      = absent
D    

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23 [Turn over

 4

9 The table shows some large biological molecules and some small biological molecules.

large biological small biological

molecules molecules

1 cellulose glucose
2 oil amino acids
3 glycogen glucose
4 protein ethanol

Which rows correctly pair large molecules with the smaller molecules used to make them?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

10 The graph shows the results of an experiment to investigate the rate of respiration in an organism
in different environmental temperatures.

rate of
respiration

0
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
temperature / °C

What explains the increase in the rate of respiration between 10 C and 30 C?

A The enzymes are denaturing.

B There are more frequent effective collisions between enzyme and substrate molecules.
C There are fewer enzyme-substrate complexes formed.
D There is less kinetic energy.

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23

 5

11 The diagram shows how the rate of photosynthesis varies with light intensity.

The four curves show different conditions of temperature and carbon dioxide concentration.

30 °C, 0.2% CO2

20 °C, 0.2% CO2

rate of
photosynthesis 30 °C, 0.1% CO2
P
20 °C, 0.1% CO2

light intensity

What limits the rate of photosynthesis at point P?

carbon dioxide
light intensity temperature
concentration

A    key
B     = yes
C     = no
D   

12 The diagram shows a cell with groups of bacteria around its edge.

cell cytoplasm

spiral-shaped
chloroplast

bacteria

The bacteria have moved to areas of high oxygen concentration.

Which process in the cell causes the bacteria to form these groups?

A digestion
B photosynthesis
C reproduction
D respiration

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23 [Turn over

 6

13 The diagram shows the teeth in the lower jaw of a human.

Which tooth is a premolar?

B
C
A

14 Some medicines are made into tablets which are coated in a starch-like substance.

The coating protects the medicine from the effects of gastric juice.

Which enzyme digests the coating and what is produced by this action?

enzyme products

A amylase fatty acids and glycerol

B amylase simple reducing sugars
C lipase fatty acids and glycerol
D lipase simple reducing sugars

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23

 7

15 The diagram shows a villus. The arrows show the direction of flow within vessels associated with
the villus.

Which vessel carries blood to the liver?

A
C D
B

16 From which part of a leaf does most water evaporate during transpiration?

A the cuticle
B the guard cells
C the spongy mesophyll cells
D the xylem vessels

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23 [Turn over

 8

17 The photograph shows a cross-section through a sunflower stem.

What is the name and function of the tissue labelled Z?

name of tissue function of tissue

A phloem transport of mineral ions

B phloem transport of sucrose
C xylem transport of mineral ions
D xylem transport of sucrose

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23

 9

18 The photomicrograph shows some blood cells.

What is the function of cell P?

A It carries carbon dioxide.

B It carries oxygen.
C It helps to clot blood.
D It produces antibodies.

19 The diagram shows the blood vessels associated with the liver.

X
aorta
Y
liver key
direction of
blood flow
Z

NOT TO
small intestine SCALE

What are the blood vessels labelled X, Y and Z?

X Y Z

A hepatic artery hepatic portal vein hepatic vein

B hepatic portal vein hepatic artery hepatic vein
C hepatic vein hepatic artery hepatic portal vein
D hepatic vein hepatic portal vein hepatic artery

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23 [Turn over

 10

20 When a pathogen enters the blood, the immune system uses different mechanisms to destroy the
pathogen.

The diagram shows one of these mechanisms.

pathogen

Which row describes the structures involved?

structure X X is made by structure Y

A antigen lymphocytes antibody

B antigen phagocytes antibody
C antibody lymphocytes antigen
D antibody phagocytes antigen

21 What is the composition of expired air compared with inspired air?

carbon dioxide oxygen water vapour

A decreased increased increased

B decreased decreased increased
C increased decreased decreased
D increased decreased increased

22 During exercise, receptors detect a change in the blood and cause the breathing rate to increase.

Which change do the receptors detect and where are they found in the body?

change detected
location of receptors
in the blood

A carbon dioxide increases brain

B carbon dioxide increases lung
C carbon dioxide decreases brain
D carbon dioxide decreases lung

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23

 11

23 Yeast cells can convert glucose into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Which statement about this process is correct?

A The alcohol produced can be used to make bread rise.

B The carbon dioxide produced can be burnt as a biofuel.
C The yeast cells are using oxygen for this process.
D The yeast cells are carrying out anaerobic respiration.

24 What is the correct balanced equation for one type of respiration?

A C2H5OH  2C6H12O6 + 2CO2

B 2C2H5OH  C6H12O6 + 2H2O

C C6H12O6  2C2H5OH + 2CO2

D C6H12O6  2C2H5OH + 2H2O

25 Which row shows an organ and the substance it excretes?

substance
organ
excreted

A bladder water
B kidney ions
C lung oxygen
D urethra urea

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23 [Turn over

 12

26 The diagram shows a reflex arc in a human nervous system. The person’s finger has just made
contact with a sharp object.

Which part is the motor neurone?

27 Which hormones can increase blood glucose concentration?

A adrenaline and insulin

B adrenaline and glucagon
C adrenaline only
D glucagon only

28 What is defined as a substance that is taken into the body and modifies or affects chemical
reactions in the body?

A antibody
B drug
C hormone
D pathogen

29 What is a disadvantage of sexual reproduction for a population in the wild?

A a reduction in genetic diversity

B a decreased ability to adapt to changes in the environment
C a reduction in reproduction if individuals are isolated
D an increased likelihood of a disease affecting all individuals

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23

 13

30 Pollen grains from a plant were placed onto the stigma of a flower of the same plant. The lengths
of the pollen tubes were measured for four hours. (The mean length of the style in this species of
plant is 2 mm.)

This was repeated using pollen from a different plant.

The results are shown.

3500
pollen from a different plant
3000

2500

mean length 2000

of the pollen
tubes / μm 1500

1000

500
pollen from the same plant
0
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

time / hours

Which statements are correct?

1 Self-pollination does not lead to fertilisation.

2 The difference in growth of the two types of pollen is an adaptation to increase
variation.
3 The pollen tubes from a different plant grew fastest between 2.0 hours and 4.0
hours.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

31 Which hormones are released by the placenta during pregnancy?

A FSH and LH
B FSH and progesterone
C oestrogen and LH
D progesterone and oestrogen

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23 [Turn over

 14

32 Why are cells in the pancreas the only body cells that produce insulin?

A All of the genes in the nucleus of a cell in the pancreas are expressed.
B Other body cells do not have the gene for insulin.
C The cells in the pancreas have twice as many genes as the other body cells.
D The gene for insulin is only expressed by cells in the pancreas.

33 Which statement is correct?

A Mitosis always produces offspring that are homozygous.

B Mitosis produces cells that are genetically identical.
C Mitosis produces gametes in animals.
D Mitosis only produces haploid cells.

34 What are sources of genetic variation in populations?

1 meiosis
2 random mating
3 random fertilisation

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

35 Which row shows features of xerophytes that reduce water loss?

green colour leaves

presence of
from reduced to thick cuticle
stomata
chlorophyll spines

A    
B    
C    
D    

key
 = reduces water loss
 = does not reduce water loss

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23

 15

36 The diagram shows a food chain.

tree  insect  blue tit  hawk

Which statement about a pyramid based on this food chain is correct?

A Drawn as a pyramid of biomass, the hawk would have the largest bar size.
B Drawn as a pyramid of energy, the tree would have the largest bar size.
C Drawn as a pyramid of energy, the tree would have the smallest bar size.
D Drawn as a pyramid of numbers, the hawk would have the largest bar size.

37 During the nitrogen cycle, which process releases nitrogen gas into the air?

A decomposition
B denitrification
C nitrification
D nitrogen fixation

38 Red-green colour blindness is a sex-linked characteristic caused by a recessive allele.

Which prediction can be made about the children of a woman who is colour-blind and a man with
normal vision?

A Boys will be colour-blind, and girls will have a 50% chance of being colour-blind.
B Boys will be colour-blind, and girls will have normal vision.
C Girls will be colour-blind, and boys will have a 50% chance of being colour-blind.
D Girls will be colour-blind, and boys will have normal vision.

39 One method of conserving fish stocks is to have a minimum mesh size for fishing nets.

How is the mesh size chosen to conserve a particular fish species?

A The holes in the net must be small enough to catch only young fish.
B The holes in the net must be small enough to catch all fish old enough to reproduce.
C The holes in the net must be large enough to catch some fish of all ages.
D The holes in the net must be large enough to allow young fish to escape.

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23 [Turn over

 16

40 The diagram shows how a human gene can be inserted into a bacterium.

human cell
bacterium

1
2
gene removed from a a bacterial plasmid
human chromosome is removed and cut
3
a human gene is inserted
into the plasmid

Which row shows the correct processes at 1, 2, 3 and 4?

using
using ligase multiplication
restriction
enzymes of bacteria
enzymes

A 1 2 3
B 1 and 2 3 4
C 1 and 3 2 4
D 4 1 and 2 3

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2023 0610/22/O/N/23

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/23
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2023
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*3773899572*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
• There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
• For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
• Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
• Write in soft pencil.
• Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
• Do not use correction fluid.
• Do not write on any bar codes.
• You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 40.
• Each correct answer will score one mark.
• Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB23 11_0610_23/5RP
© UCLES 2023 [Turn over
 2

1 What are characteristics of all living organisms?

A breathing, growth and movement

B egestion, nutrition and reproduction
C digestion, excretion and respiration
D reproduction, respiration and sensitivity

2 Using the binomial system, the name of a lion is Panthera leo.

Which statement is correct?

A The lion belongs to the kingdom Panthera.

B The lion belongs to the genus Panthera.
C The lion belongs to the species Panthera.
D The lion belongs to the genus leo.

3 The diagram shows an organism called Chlamydomonas.

ribosomes

nucleus
mitochondrion

chloroplast

Which processes can Chlamydomonas carry out?

A photosynthesis and respiration only

B photosynthesis, respiration, and protein synthesis
C protein synthesis and respiration only
D respiration only

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 3

4 The diagram shows the structure of a palisade cell from a leaf.

Which structure contains chlorophyll?

D
B

5 A diagram of a white blood cell has a diameter of 76 mm. The magnification of the diagram is
×8000.

What is the actual diameter of the white blood cell?

A 0.095 µm B 0.95 µm C 9.5 µm D 95.0 µm

6 Which diagram shows the appearance of a plant cell after it is placed in pure water?

A B

C D

7 Which process requires active transport?

A oxygen movement from the alveoli to the blood

B ion uptake by root hair cells from the soil
C water movement through a plant by transpiration pull
D absorption of water into a lacteal in a small intestine villus

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23 [Turn over

 4

8 Which row shows the chemical elements contained in fats?

carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen

A     key
B      = present
C      = absent
D    

9 Glycogen is a large molecule made from smaller molecules.

Which smaller molecules is glycogen made from?

A amino acids
B fatty acids
C glucose
D glycerol

10 The graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of a reaction catalysed by an enzyme.

X
rate of reaction

temperature

Which statement explains the shape of the graph at section X?

A The enzyme is not the correct one to act on this substrate.

B The enzyme is starting to denature.
C The number of active sites is increasing.
D The frequency of enzyme-substrate collisions is increasing.

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 5

11 During growth, potato plants produce flowers and underground storage organs called tubers.

During this time, which parts of the plant act as sources and sinks for translocation?

flowers leaves potato tubers

A sink sink source

B sink source sink
C source sink source
D source source sink

12 The diagram shows an experiment investigating the effect of light intensity on an aquatic plant.

light light
source source

20 cm 10 cm
P Q

Photosynthesis occurred in both test-tube P and test-tube Q. Both test-tubes were kept at the
same temperature. The number of bubbles produced in test-tube P was 12 bubbles per minute.

What is the most likely number of bubbles produced in one minute in test-tube Q?

A 0 B 3 C 12 D 48

13 Which human teeth are used for biting and cutting food?

A canines and molars

B incisors and canines
C molars and premolars
D premolars and incisors

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23 [Turn over

 6

14 The diagram shows part of the human digestive system.

Which organ produces hydrochloric acid?

15 The diagram shows the structure of a villus. The artery, capillary, lacteal and vein are labelled
with letters.

Which letter shows where nutrients are absorbed into the blood?

D
C

direction of blood flow

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 7

16 By which process is water vapour lost from a leaf?

A active transport
B diffusion
C osmosis
D photosynthesis

17 The pathway taken by water through a plant is shown.

root hair cells → root cortex cells → Z → mesophyll cells

Which part of the pathway is Z?

A palisade cells
B phloem
C stomata
D xylem

18 The graph shows the thickness of the muscular wall in each of the four chambers of the
mammalian heart.

Which chamber is the right ventricle?

thickness of
muscular wall

A B C D
heart chamber

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23 [Turn over

 8

19 Which row shows correct features of the circulatory system of a fish?

number of times
number of number of blood flows through
atria ventricles the heart during one
circuit of the body

A one one one

B one two two
C two one two
D two two two

20 Cholera infection can cause the following events.

1 Cells lining the small intestine secrete chloride ions.

2 Cholera bacteria produce a toxin.
3 Chloride ions move into the small intestine.
4 Water from the blood moves into the small intestine by osmosis.
5 Water potential of fluid in the small intestine becomes lower.

Which sequence of events will cause diarrhoea?

A 1→3→2→4→5

B 2→1→3→5→4

C 3→1→4→5→2

D 2→3→1→4→5

21 Which row shows the composition of expired air from a healthy person?

carbon dioxide oxygen

water vapour
% %

A 0.04 21 saturated
B 0.04 16 variable
C 4 21 variable
D 4 16 saturated

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 9

22 The table shows the relative concentrations of urea in the blood entering and leaving the kidneys
and liver.

Which row is correct?

highest concentration lowest concentration

of urea in the blood of urea in the blood

A entering kidneys leaving liver

B entering kidneys entering liver
C leaving kidneys entering liver
D leaving kidneys leaving liver

23 Which statement about anaerobic respiration is correct?

A Anaerobic respiration requires oxygen and releases less energy per glucose molecule than
aerobic respiration.
B Anaerobic respiration requires oxygen and releases more energy per glucose molecule than
aerobic respiration.
C Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen and releases less energy per glucose
molecule than aerobic respiration.
D Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen and releases more energy per glucose
molecule than aerobic respiration.

24 During exercise an oxygen debt may occur in muscles.

What is the cause of this oxygen debt?

A Aerobic respiration causes a decrease in lactic acid.

B Aerobic respiration causes an increase in lactic acid.
C Anaerobic respiration causes a decrease in lactic acid.
D Anaerobic respiration causes an increase in lactic acid.

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23 [Turn over

 10

25 The diagram shows parts of the body involved in excretion in humans.

Y
Z

What are the labelled parts?

W X Y Z

A bladder ureter kidney urethra

B kidney ureter bladder urethra
C bladder urethra kidney ureter
D kidney urethra bladder ureter

26 The diagram shows a reflex action when a person touches a hot object and pulls their hand
away.

hot skin on arm hand

neurone relay neurone
object → hand → → → → muscle → pulled
F neurone G
touched E H away

Which letter correctly identifies a structure?

A E is called the effector.

B F is called the motor neurone.
C G is called the motor neurone.
D H is called the receptor.

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 11

27 A light source is placed on one side of a growing plant.

What is the correct explanation of the role of auxin in shoot growth?

A Auxin is equally distributed in response to light and stimulates cell elongation.

B Auxin is equally distributed in response to light and inhibits cell elongation.
C Auxin is unequally distributed in response to light and stimulates cell elongation.
D Auxin is unequally distributed in response to light and inhibits cell elongation.

28 Which statement about antibiotics is correct?

A Antibiotics are drugs.

B Antibiotics are produced by white blood cells.
C Antibiotics can become resistant to bacteria.
D Antibiotics kill viruses.

29 The graph shows the number of cases of disease caused by MRSA bacteria in hospitals in one
city between 1998 and 2010.

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200
number
of cases 1000

800

600

400

200

0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

year

What was the percentage change in the number of cases between 2002 and 2003?

A 44% B 56% C 127% D 227%

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23 [Turn over

 12

30 Some descriptions of reproduction are listed.

1 formation of a zygote with a diploid nucleus

2 formation of a zygote with a haploid nucleus
3 fusion of diploid nuclei of two gametes
4 fusion of haploid nuclei of two gametes

Which are correct descriptions of sexual reproduction in humans?

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

31 Which statement about pollination in plants is correct?

A Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the style of the same
flower.
B Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower
on a different plant of the same species.
C Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the filament of the same
flower.
D Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower on
a different plant.

32 The graph shows the changes in the concentration of a hormone that is involved in controlling
the menstrual cycle.

hormone
concentration

0 14 28
time / days

What is the hormone?

A FSH
B LH
C oestrogen
D progesterone

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 13

33 Pea plants produce either yellow or green seeds. Yellow (Y) is dominant to green (y).

What are the most likely phenotypes of the offspring of a cross between YY and Yy plants?

A 50% yellow and 50% green

B 75% yellow and 25% green
C 100% yellow
D 100% green

34 The diagram shows the chromosomes of a cell after they have replicated and just before the cell
divides by mitosis.

Which pair of cells will be produced at the end of mitosis?

A B

C D

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23 [Turn over

 14

35 The table shows the number of stomata per mm2 on the upper and lower epidermis of four
different plants.

Which plant is most likely to be a hydrophytic plant?

number of stomata per mm2

upper epidermis lower epidermis

A 25 16
B 70 88
C 460 0
D 0 150

36 In which process in the nitrogen cycle do microorganisms take nitrogen from the air and convert it
into nitrogen compounds?

A decomposition
B denitrification
C nitrification
D nitrogen fixation

37 An increased concentration of nitrates in water may result in the death of fish because of
eutrophication.

Some stages of eutrophication are given.

1 increased aerobic respiration by decomposers

2 increased decomposition after death of producers
3 increased growth of producers
4 reduction in dissolved oxygen

What is the order of these stages that results in the death of fish?

A 1→4→3→2

B 1→2→4→3

C 3→2→1→4

D 3→4→2→1

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 15

38 Which word describes the number of different species in an area?

A biodiversity
B community
C ecosystem
D population

39 Which statement is an advantage of genetically modifying crops?

A Less pesticide is used if the genetically modified crop is resistant to pests.

B More herbicide is used if the genetically modified crop is resistant to herbicide.
C Seeds for genetically modified crops are more expensive.
D The genetically modified crop genes may be passed to other plants.

40 Which statements are correct descriptions of parts of the process of protein synthesis?

1 Amino acids are made by the ribosomes.

2 mRNA is copied.
3 The gene coding for the protein moves into the nucleus.
4 The ribosome assembles the amino acids into protein molecules.
5 The sequence of amino acids is determined by the sequence of bases in the mRNA.

A 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
B 1, 3 and 4 only
C 2, 3 and 5 only
D 4 and 5 only

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2023 0610/23/O/N/23

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/23
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*4514030708*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 12 pages.

IB22 06_0610_23/5RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 All living organisms release energy from nutrient molecules within their cells.

What is the name of this characteristic?

A growth
B nutrition
C respiration
D sensitivity

2 Which diagram shows a flower from a monocotyledon?

A B C D

3 The diagram shows a cross-section through two guard cells of a leaf.

W X

Which labelled structures would also be found in an animal cell?

A W and X B X and Y C Y and Z D Z and W

4 Which level of organisation is shown by the heart of a mammal?

A a cell
B a tissue
C an organ
D an organ system

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 3

5 Female moths release chemicals into the air. Male moths detect these chemicals and fly towards
the females.

How do the chemicals spread through the air?

A active transport
B diffusion
C osmosis
D transpiration

6 The diagram shows a section through a mesophyll cell of a leaf.

Which part is partially permeable?

B
C
D

7 What are the smaller basic units of starch and glycogen molecules?

starch glycogen

A amino acids fatty acids and glycerol

B amino acids glucose
C glucose fatty acids and glycerol
D glucose glucose

8 DNA is made up of ......1...... strands coiled together. The strands contain chemicals called
......2...... . These chemicals form ......3...... , A pairing with T and C pairing with G.

Which words correctly complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3

A three amino acids cross-links

B two bases cross-links
C three bases proteins
D two amino acids proteins

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 4

9 What is the correct definition of an enzyme?

A a carbohydrate that functions as a biological catalyst

B a protein that functions as a biological catalyst
C a substance that is changed by the reaction
D a substance made of fats that changes the rate of a reaction

10 Which statement describes the effect of temperature on enzymes?

A High temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
B High temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
C Low temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
D Low temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.

11 The graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different carbon dioxide concentrations.

rate of
photosynthesis

carbon dioxide
concentration

What could be the limiting factor of photosynthesis at X on the graph?

A oxygen
B carbon dioxide
C glucose
D light intensity

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 5

12 The list shows features of a plant leaf.

1 air spaces between spongy mesophyll cells

2 chloroplasts in mesophyll cells
3 contains a natural insecticide
4 xylem vessels close to mesophyll cells

Which features are adaptations for photosynthesis?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

13 Which nutrient is required to prevent scurvy?

A calcium
B iron
C vitamin C
D vitamin D

14 Which diagram represents the action of lipase?

A + +

key

B + + + enzyme

substance 1

C + + substance 2

substance 3

D + +

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 6

15 The image shows a cross-section of part of a leaf.

Which labelled structure is the xylem?

16 The diagram shows a cross-section of a root.

Three regions of the root are numbered.

Which regions contain cells through which water must pass to reach the xylem?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 only

17 In a double circulation, what is the role of the right side of the heart?

A to receive oxygenated blood from the body and to pump oxygenated blood to the lungs
B to receive oxygenated blood from the body and to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs
C to receive deoxygenated blood from the body and to pump oxygenated blood to the lungs
D to receive deoxygenated blood from the body and to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 7

18 The photomicrograph shows some human blood cells.

What is the name of cell X and what is its function?

name function

A lymphocyte produces antibodies

B lymphocyte engulfs pathogens
C phagocyte produces antibodies
D phagocyte engulfs pathogens

19 Three statements about immune responses are listed.

1 Antigens trigger an immune response which produces antibodies.

2 Memory cells are produced.
3 Antibodies are acquired from another individual.

Which statements are correct when describing active immunity?

A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

20 Which row shows the action of muscles during inspiration?

internal external
diaphragm
intercostal muscles intercostal muscles

A contract relax relax

B contract relax contract
C relax contract relax
D relax contract contract

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 8

21 Carbon dioxide is produced by aerobic respiration.

How many molecules of carbon dioxide are produced from the aerobic respiration of three
molecules of glucose?

A 3 B 6 C 12 D 18

22 Which statements describe how an oxygen debt is removed after vigorous exercise?

1 Lactic acid is transported to the liver.

2 Lactic acid is respired aerobically.
3 Heart rate stays high to remove lactic acid from the muscles.

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 1, 2 and 3 D 2 and 3 only

23 Which statement about urea is correct?

A Amino acids are transported to the kidneys where they are converted to urea.
B Urea travels from liver cells to the kidneys where it is filtered out of the blood.
C Liver cells break down proteins to amino acids which are then converted to urea in the
kidneys.
D Urea is made in the kidneys and then removed from the body by the liver.

24 The diagram shows the junction between two neurones.

What is labelled at X?

A neurotransmitter
B vesicle
C neurotransmitter receptor molecule
D synaptic cleft

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 9

25 The diagram shows the density of rods and cones across a section of the retina.

What is the position of the fovea?

cones

rods
density of
receptors

A B C D

distance across the retina

26 What is the synthetic plant hormone 2,4-D used for?

A genetic engineering
B inhibiting phototropism
C killing weeds
D promoting germination

27 Which statement about asexual reproduction would be a disadvantage for a farmer growing crop
plants?

A Desirable qualities are shown throughout the crop.

B No pollinators are required.
C Only one parent plant is required so growth is rapid.
D All of the crop plants have the same risk of disease.

28 The diagram shows an abnormal sperm cell.

Why would the abnormal sperm cell be unable to fertilise an egg?

A It has no acrosome so is unable to digest the jelly coat of the egg.

B It has no mitochondria so lacks energy to swim to the egg.
C It has no flagellum so cannot swim to the egg.
D It has no nucleus so cannot fuse with the egg.

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 10

29 One type of contraceptive pill contains progesterone and oestrogen. Some effects of the pill are
listed.

1 inhibit FSH production

2 inhibit LH production
3 inhibit thickening of the uterus wall

Which prevent the development and the release of an egg cell?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 only

30 Some fruit flies have orange eyes and others have red eyes.

If two orange-eyed fruit flies are crossed, their offspring always have orange eyes.

If two red-eyed fruit flies are crossed, their offspring can have orange eyes or red eyes.

What can be concluded from these observations?

A The allele for orange eyes is dominant.

B The allele for orange eyes is recessive.
C The alleles for orange and red eyes are codominant.
D This is an example of sex linkage.

31 The diagram shows a section of a flower that has been cross-pollinated.

Which statements about this flower are correct?

1 The pollen produced by this flower will be genetically different from the pollen on the
stigma.
2 The pollen was carried to the stigma by wind.
3 This flower is insect-pollinated because the stigma is enclosed by the petals.
4 The pollen was produced by another flower on the same plant.

A 1, 2 and 4 B 1 and 3 C 3 only D 2 and 4 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 11

32 A woman with normal colour vision is a carrier for the colour blindness allele (XBXb). She has a
male child with a man who has normal colour vision (XBY).

What is the chance of the male child being colour-blind?

A 0% B 25% C 50% D 100%

33 Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder which results in severe illness in homozygous
individuals. In some human populations, being heterozygous can be beneficial.

What could be the reason for this?

A Heterozygous individuals are not affected by the disorder.

B Heterozygous individuals are more resistant to malaria.
C The disorder is caused by a dominant allele.
D The disorder is sex-linked.

34 Which statement about selective breeding is correct?

A It does not involve humans.

B It involves a struggle for survival.
C It always involves only one parent.
D It involves parents that possess desirable features.

35 What is the name of an organism that obtains its energy from dead organic material?

A carnivore
B consumer
C decomposer
D herbivore

36 A herd of red deer live in a forest that contains snakes and a large variety of birds.

Which group of organisms is an example of a population?

A all the animals in the forest

B all the red deer in the forest
C all the organisms in the forest
D all the plants in the forest

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 12

37 With which kingdoms do bacteria share the same genetic code?

A animal, plant, fungus and protoctist

B animal, plant and fungus only
C animal and plant only
D animal only

38 Which process makes use of a genetically engineered organism?

A using bacteria to produce insulin

B using enzymes in biological washing powders
C using pectinase in fruit juice production
D using yeast to produce ethanol

39 What is a reason for conserving plant species?

A to absorb oxygen from the air

B to decrease rainfall
C to obtain drugs for medicinal use
D to release carbon dioxide into the air

40 The food web shows the feeding relationships in a woodland.

sparrowhawks

chaffinches
grey wood
squirrels pigeons

caterpillars

trees

If all the chaffinches in the food web die, which effect would this have?

A The amount of damage to trees will increase.

B The food supply for grey squirrels will increase.
C The number of wood pigeons will increase.
D The population of caterpillars will decrease.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/21
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*4052482192*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 06_0610_21/5RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 All living organisms release energy from nutrient molecules within their cells.

What is the name of this characteristic?

A growth
B nutrition
C respiration
D sensitivity

2 Which diagram shows a flower from a monocotyledon?

A B C D

3 The diagram shows a cross-section through two guard cells of a leaf.

W X

Which labelled structures would also be found in an animal cell?

A W and X B X and Y C Y and Z D Z and W

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 3

4 The diagram shows a cross-section through a leaf.

Which label shows a tissue?

5 Which statement describes the net movement of particles during diffusion?

A from higher to lower concentration down a concentration gradient

B from higher to lower concentration against a concentration gradient
C from lower to higher concentration down a concentration gradient
D from lower to higher concentration against a concentration gradient

6 The diagram shows a section through a mesophyll cell of a leaf.

Which part is partially permeable?

B
C
D

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 4

7 What are the smaller basic units of starch and glycogen molecules?

starch glycogen

A amino acids fatty acids and glycerol

B amino acids glucose
C glucose fatty acids and glycerol
D glucose glucose

8 In a length of DNA, 20% of the bases were T.

What is the percentage of base G in this length of DNA?

A 10% B 20% C 30% D 80%

9 Some terms used to describe enzyme-controlled reactions are listed.

1 catalyst
2 product
3 protein
4 substrate

Which terms describe an enzyme?

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

10 Which statement describes the effect of temperature on enzymes?

A High temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
B High temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
C Low temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
D Low temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 5

11 Tomato fruit production was measured in five different environmental conditions.

80
70
60

tomato fruit 50
production 40
/ kg per m2
30
20
10
0
1 2 3 4 5
open field unheated heated heated heated
glasshouse glasshouse glasshouse glasshouse
with carbon with an
dioxide gas artificial
supplied light source
in excess and with
carbon dioxide
gas supplied
in excess
environmental conditions

What is a correct conclusion for the data shown in the graph?

A There are no limiting factors in 1, so tomato fruit production is the lowest.

B Temperature is the limiting factor in 3.
C Carbon dioxide is the limiting factor in all five environmental conditions.
D Light is the limiting factor in 4.

12 How do the air spaces in the spongy mesophyll of a leaf help to adapt it for photosynthesis?

A They act as a store of oxygen.

B They allow carbon dioxide gas to diffuse through the leaf more rapidly.
C They increase the surface area for absorption of light energy.
D They let rainwater enter the leaf tissues.

13 What is the dietary importance of fibre in humans?

A for growth and repair of cells

B to help food move through the alimentary canal
C to maintain strong bones and teeth
D to provide energy

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 6

14 In which part of the alimentary canal does ingestion take place?

A anus
B liver
C mouth
D stomach

15 A non-woody plant stem is placed in water containing a red dye. It is left for one day and then a
section of the stem is examined using a microscope.

Which tissue is stained red?

B
C

D
A

16 The diagram shows a cross-section through a leaf.

From which cell will most water evaporate during transpiration?

C
D

17 The diagram shows the circulatory system of a fish.

X gills

heart Y

Z body

Where in the circulatory system is the oxygen concentration lowest?

A X only B X and Y C Y only D Y and Z

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 7

18 What is a function of the lymphatic system?

A absorption of glucose
B blood clotting
C circulation of body fluids
D temperature regulation

19 The graph shows the response of the body to vaccination.

X concentration
in the blood

time
vaccination

Which word should be used to replace the letter X, to complete the label on the y-axis?

A antibody
B antigen
C pathogen
D platelet

20 Which cells produce mucus?

A ciliated cells
B goblet cells
C nerve cells
D white blood cells

21 Which row shows a change that occurs during ventilation?

process thorax pressure thorax volume air movement

A expiration decreases increases in

B expiration increases decreases out
C inspiration decreases increases out
D inspiration increases decreases in

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 8

22 What is the balanced chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?

A C6H12O6  2CO2 + 6H2O

B C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O

C C6H12O6  2C2H5OH + 2CO2

D C6H12O6  2C2H5OH + 2H2O

23 Which statement correctly explains the difference in glucose concentration in the kidney tubule
between X and Y?

glomerulus X Y

kidney tubule

A The glucose concentration is higher at X than at Y because glucose moves out of the kidney
tubule by osmosis.
B The glucose concentration is higher at X than at Y because glucose has been actively
transported out of the kidney tubule.
C The glucose concentration is higher at Y than at X because glucose diffuses into the kidney
tubule.
D The glucose concentration is higher at Y than at X because glucose is actively transported
into the kidney tubule.

24 Where in the eye is the greatest concentration of cells that allow humans to see colour?

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 9

25 A scientist investigated the effect of drinking iced water on skin temperature. They drank a large
volume of iced water and monitored the temperature of their skin.

The results are shown on the graph.

37.2

37.0

36.8
skin 36.6
temperature
/ °C 36.4

36.2

36.0

35.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
time after drinking iced water / minutes

Which explanation of the change in skin temperature during the first 10 minutes is correct?

A Vasoconstriction occurred increasing blood flow to the skin.

B Vasoconstriction occurred reducing blood flow to the skin.
C Vasodilation occurred increasing blood flow to the skin.
D Vasodilation occurred reducing blood flow to the skin.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 10

26 An experiment was set up to investigate the growth of shoots in different conditions, as shown.

shoot tip
removed foil cap

direction
of light

Which diagram shows the results that would be seen a few days later?

A B

C D

27 An advisor was presented with a list of statements for a discussion group with potential parents
who were considering using in vitro fertilisation (IVF) to start a family.

Which statements about IVF are correct?

1 IVF is available to everyone.

2 IVF is 100% successful and therefore always leads to pregnancy.
3 IVF provides an opportunity for single parents to have a family.
4 IVF is not expensive and everyone can afford it.
5 Sperm or egg donation may be involved which means the couple are not always the
biological parents.

A 1, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 C 2 and 5 D 3 and 5

28 Which sequence of structures does a pollen tube grow through in a flower?

A ovary  ovule  stigma  style

B ovary  stigma  ovule  style

C stigma  style  ovary  ovule

D stigma  ovary  style  ovule

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 11

29 The diagram shows some of the events of the menstrual cycle.

In which shaded zone of the cycle would progesterone levels be the highest?

menstruation
28 / 1
A

D
the 28 days
of the human
21 menstrual 7
cycle B

C 14
ovulation

30 What is needed in the cytoplasm to make proteins at a ribosome?

A DNA and amino acids

B DNA only
C mRNA and amino acids
D mRNA only

31 Pangolins are mammals. One species of pangolin has 40 chromosomes per body cell.

How many chromosomes will a sperm cell from this species of pangolin have?

A 10 B 20 C 40 D 50

32 Which adaptation is shown in the leaves of hydrophytes?

A hairs present on the upper and lower surfaces

B contain large air spaces
C stomata present on the lower surface only
D thick cuticle present on the upper and lower surfaces

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 12

33 Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder which results in severe illness in homozygous
individuals. In some human populations, being heterozygous can be beneficial.

What could be the reason for this?

A Heterozygous individuals are not affected by the disorder.

B Heterozygous individuals are more resistant to malaria.
C The disorder is caused by a dominant allele.
D The disorder is sex-linked.

34 Which statement about selective breeding is correct?

A It does not involve humans.

B It involves a struggle for survival.
C It always involves only one parent.
D It involves parents that possess desirable features.

35 The diagram shows the water cycle. Four different processes are numbered.

4
3

1
2

Which row identifies the processes correctly?

condensation evaporation precipitation transpiration

A 1 4 3 2
B 2 1 4 3
C 3 2 1 4
D 4 3 2 1

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 13

36 A herd of red deer live in a forest that contains snakes and a large variety of birds.

Which group of organisms is an example of a population?

A all the animals in the forest

B all the red deer in the forest
C all the organisms in the forest
D all the plants in the forest

37 With which kingdoms do bacteria share the same genetic code?

A animal, plant, fungus and protoctist

B animal, plant and fungus only
C animal and plant only
D animal only

38 Which process makes use of a genetically engineered organism?

A using bacteria to produce insulin

B using enzymes in biological washing powders
C using pectinase in fruit juice production
D using yeast to produce ethanol

39 What is a reason for conserving plant species?

A to absorb oxygen from the air

B to decrease rainfall
C to obtain drugs for medicinal use
D to release carbon dioxide into the air

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 14

40 The food web shows the feeding relationships in a woodland.

sparrowhawks

chaffinches
grey wood
squirrels pigeons

caterpillars

trees

If all the chaffinches in the food web die, which effect would this have?

A The amount of damage to trees will increase.

B The food supply for grey squirrels will increase.
C The number of wood pigeons will increase.
D The population of caterpillars will decrease.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 15

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*1282658896*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 06_0610_22/5RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 All living organisms release energy from nutrient molecules within their cells.

What is the name of this characteristic?

A growth
B nutrition
C respiration
D sensitivity

2 Which diagram shows a flower from a monocotyledon?

A B C D

3 The diagram shows a cross-section through two guard cells of a leaf.

W X

Which labelled structures would also be found in an animal cell?

A W and X B X and Y C Y and Z D Z and W

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 3

4 The table shows some structures found in the human body.

Which row shows the correct level of organisation, from the simplest structure to the most
complex?

simple complex

A red blood cell heart heart muscle circulatory system

B heart muscle circulatory system red blood cell heart
C red blood cell heart muscle heart circulatory system
D heart muscle red blood cell circulatory system heart

5 By which process does oxygen move from a region of higher concentration in the alveoli to a
region of lower concentration in the blood?

A osmosis
B breathing
C diffusion
D active transport

6 The diagram shows a section through a mesophyll cell of a leaf.

Which part is partially permeable?

B
C
D

7 What are the smaller basic units of starch and glycogen molecules?

starch glycogen

A amino acids fatty acids and glycerol

B amino acids glucose
C glucose fatty acids and glycerol
D glucose glucose

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 4

8 A chromosome was analysed and found to have 6125 pairs of bases. The type of each base was
identified and 2345 of the bases were G.

How many of the bases in this chromosome are T?

A 1435 B 3780 C 6125 D 7560

9 Which type of molecule are enzymes made of?

A carbohydrates
B fats
C proteins
D vitamins

10 Which statement describes the effect of temperature on enzymes?

A High temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
B High temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
C Low temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
D Low temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.

11 The statements describe some of the events that occur in a plant after light energy is absorbed
by chlorophyll.

1 converted to chemical energy

2 converted to sucrose for translocation
3 starch is stored in the roots or seeds
4 glucose is produced

In which order do these events occur?

A 1432

B 4231

C 4123

D 1423

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 5

12 A deficiency of magnesium ions can cause plant leaves to become yellow between the leaf veins.

What is the reason for this?

A increased chlorophyll production

B increased protein production
C decreased chlorophyll production
D decreased protein production

13 The table shows some different components in a balanced diet.

Which row correctly matches the components to the reasons why they are needed?

vitamin D water fats

A insulation bone growth to make haemoglobin

B bone growth transport insulation
C transport to make haemoglobin bone growth
D to make haemoglobin insulation transport

14 Which process involves the removal of material from the rectum?

A egestion
B ingestion
C chemical digestion
D mechanical digestion

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 6

15 The diagram shows a cross-section of part of a plant.

Which part of the plant is shown and what is the tissue labelled H?

plant part tissue H

A root phloem
B root xylem
C stem phloem
D stem xylem

16 The apparatus shown can be used to investigate the effect of temperature and humidity on the
rate of transpiration.

plant

pot polythene bag

soil

500 g
balance

Which set of conditions would give the highest rate of transpiration and the greatest decrease
in mass?

temperature humidity

A cool high
B cool low
C warm high
D warm low

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 7

17 People are sometimes born with a ‘hole in the heart’. This is caused by a gap in the septum, as
shown.

key
direction of
blood flow

If the gap in the septum is not repaired, it causes the person to become breathless more quickly.

What is a possible explanation for this?

A Deoxygenated blood in the left atrium mixes with oxygenated blood from the right atrium.
B Deoxygenated blood in the right atrium mixes with oxygenated blood from the left atrium.
C Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle mixes with deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle.
D Oxygenated blood in the right ventricle mixes with deoxygenated blood from the left ventricle.

18 The flow diagram shows stages in blood clotting.

components of blood vessel walls blood loss

are damaged component X
blood involved in component Y and
is converted to
clotting circulate forms a mesh pathogen
component Y
the body entry stops

What is component X?

A fibrin
B fibrinogen
C plasma
D platelet

19 What is an example of passive immunity?

A immunity against influenza after an individual has been infected with the influenza virus
B the formation of memory cells in response to a cholera infection
C giving chickenpox antibodies to people at risk of developing a severe infection
D vaccination against measles where a harmless version of the virus is given

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 8

20 What happens at the start of inspiration?

internal external
volume
intercostal intercostal diaphragm
of thorax
muscles muscles

A contract relax contracts increases

B contract relax relaxes decreases
C relax contract contracts increases
D relax contract relaxes increases

21 Germinating seeds respire aerobically to release energy that can be used for growth.

The balanced equation for aerobic respiration in seeds can be represented as shown.

Q + R  S + T

Which row gives the balanced equation for aerobic respiration in seeds?

Q R S T

A 6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2

B C6H12O6 6O2 6CO2 6H2O
C 6CO2 6O2 C6H12O6 6H2O
D C6H12O6 6H2O 6CO2 6O2

22 During vigorous exercise, lactic acid builds up in muscles leading to an oxygen debt.

Which statement describes a stage in the removal of the oxygen debt during recovery?

A Anaerobic respiration breaks down lactic acid in the muscles.

B Aerobic respiration breaks down lactic acid in the muscles.
C Anaerobic respiration breaks down lactic acid in the liver.
D Aerobic respiration breaks down lactic acid in the liver.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 9

23 The table shows the concentration of sodium ions in blood plasma, in glomerular filtrate (the
liquid that passes through the glomerulus) and in urine.

blood glomerular
urine
plasma filtrate

concentration of
sodium ions 141 141 127
/ arbitrary units

What is the percentage concentration of sodium ions reabsorbed in the kidney tubules?

A 0.0% B 9.9% C 10.9% D 14.0%

24 Which effects does adrenaline have on blood glucose concentration and pulse rate?

blood glucose
pulse rate
concentration

A increases reduces
B increases increases
C reduces reduces
D reduces increases

25 The concentration of glucose in the blood is controlled by negative feedback.

When blood glucose concentration falls too low, the ......1...... releases the hormone ......2...... .

This hormone causes cells to break down ......3...... to glucose, which is released into the blood.

Which words correctly complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3

A liver glucagon glycogen

B liver glycogen glucagon
C pancreas glucagon glycogen
D pancreas glycogen glucagon

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 10

26 A young maize seedling is grown from a seed. The seedling is placed on its side and left in a
room with a light source for several days.

direction of light

root shoot

What will happen to the young shoot?

A Auxin becomes concentrated in the lower part of the shoot and the shoot grows towards
the light.
B Auxin becomes concentrated in the upper part of the shoot and the shoot grows towards
the light.
C Auxin is evenly distributed in the shoot and the shoot grows towards the light.
D Auxin is evenly distributed in the shoot and the shoot grows away from the light.

27 What is an adaptive feature of sperm?

A large stores of energy

B enzymes in the acrosome
C jelly coating that changes after fertilisation
D diploid nucleus

28 The list contains statements about sexual and asexual reproduction in plants.

1 It promotes genetic variation.

2 It requires self-pollination.
3 It requires meiosis.
4 It produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
5 It allows the population to increase rapidly.

Which statements describe asexual reproduction in plants?

A 1, 2 and 5 B 1 and 2 only C 4 and 5 D 3 and 4

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 11

29 The graph shows the levels of two hormones during a 28-day menstrual cycle.

X
concentration Y
of hormone

0 7 14 21 28
time / days

Which hormones are represented by X and Y on the graph?

X Y

A FSH oestrogen
B LH FSH
C oestrogen progesterone
D progesterone LH

30 Before meiosis takes place, a cell has 24 chromosomes.

How many chromosomes will be found in each of the cells that are produced by meiosis?

A 6 B 12 C 24 D 48

31 When a horse with red hair (genotype HRHR) breeds with a horse with white hair (genotype
HWHW) the offspring have red and white hair (genotype HRHW). These horses are described as
having roan-coloured hair. This is an example of codominance.

When two horses with roan-coloured hair are bred together, what is the chance of their offspring
also having roan-coloured hair?

A 100% B 75% C 50% D 25%

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 12

32 The diagram shows a hydrophyte.

air

water

soil

What is an adaptive feature of this hydrophyte?

A no stomata on the upper surface or the lower surface of the leaves

B a network of large air spaces inside the leaves
C leaf stalks containing many xylem vessels for support
D a thick waxy cuticle on the lower surface of the leaves

33 Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder which results in severe illness in homozygous
individuals. In some human populations, being heterozygous can be beneficial.

What could be the reason for this?

A Heterozygous individuals are not affected by the disorder.

B Heterozygous individuals are more resistant to malaria.
C The disorder is caused by a dominant allele.
D The disorder is sex-linked.

34 Which statement about selective breeding is correct?

A It does not involve humans.

B It involves a struggle for survival.
C It always involves only one parent.
D It involves parents that possess desirable features.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 13

35 The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.

carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere

X X
X
fossil
consumers producers
fuels

decomposers

Which process is shown by the arrows labelled X?

A combustion
B fossilisation
C photosynthesis
D respiration

36 A herd of red deer live in a forest that contains snakes and a large variety of birds.

Which group of organisms is an example of a population?

A all the animals in the forest

B all the red deer in the forest
C all the organisms in the forest
D all the plants in the forest

37 With which kingdoms do bacteria share the same genetic code?

A animal, plant, fungus and protoctist

B animal, plant and fungus only
C animal and plant only
D animal only

38 Which process makes use of a genetically engineered organism?

A using bacteria to produce insulin

B using enzymes in biological washing powders
C using pectinase in fruit juice production
D using yeast to produce ethanol

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 14

39 What is a reason for conserving plant species?

A to absorb oxygen from the air

B to decrease rainfall
C to obtain drugs for medicinal use
D to release carbon dioxide into the air

40 The food web shows the feeding relationships in a woodland.

sparrowhawks

chaffinches
grey wood
squirrels pigeons

caterpillars

trees

If all the chaffinches in the food web die, which effect would this have?

A The amount of damage to trees will increase.

B The food supply for grey squirrels will increase.
C The number of wood pigeons will increase.
D The population of caterpillars will decrease.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 15

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) February/March 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*9721011037*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 20 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 03_0610_22/2RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 The diagrams show a test-tube containing pond water. The green colour is caused by
microorganisms that have chloroplasts.

oxygen bubble

pale green dark green

pond water area

light off light on

Which characteristics of living organisms are shown?

A excretion, growth and movement

B movement, nutrition and sensitivity
C nutrition, reproduction and respiration
D reproduction, sensitivity and growth

2 The key shows some features of living organisms that can be used to place them into one of
three different kingdoms.

living organism

nucleus present no nucleus

kingdom Z
no cell wall cell wall present

cell wall made of cellulose

yes no

kingdom X kingdom Y

Which row correctly identifies these three kingdoms?

X Y Z

A fungi plant prokaryote

B fungi plant protoctist
C plant fungi prokaryote
D plant fungi protoctist

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 3

3 The diagram shows a mitochondrion. The scale bar shows the actual size of the mitochondrion.

1 μm

The diagram is 70 mm long.

What is the magnification of the diagram?

A 0.0007 B 70 C 7000 D 70 000

4 Two types of cell, one animal and one plant, were examined using a light microscope.

Which row shows the correct combination of structures that would be observed in the cells?

cell structure observed

animal cell plant cell

A chloroplast membrane vacuole cytoplasm

B cytoplasm nucleus chloroplast membrane
C membrane cell wall cytoplasm nucleus
D nucleus chloroplast cell wall membrane

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 4

5 The diagram shows a cross-section through a leaf.

Which arrow shows the direction of diffusion of carbon dioxide on a sunny day?

6 The diagram shows a plant cell after it has been submerged in a solution, P, for 20 minutes.

Which row describes the water potential of solution P at the start of the experiment and the
condition of the cell after 20 minutes?

water potential of solution P condition of the cell

at the start of the experiment after 20 minutes

A higher than the inside of the cell plasmolysed and turgid

B higher than the inside of the cell under high turgor pressure
C lower than the inside of the cell plasmolysed and flaccid
D the same as the inside of the cell under low turgor pressure

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 5

7 Which row is correct for a positive food test for vitamin C?

colour of the
final colour of the
food test reagent heat required
food test reagent
at the start

A colourless yes purple

B blue no colourless
C colourless no blue
D blue yes orange

8 In which molecule are cross-links formed between bases?

A carbohydrate
B DNA
C fat
D glycogen

9 What controls the speed of chemical reactions in all living cells?

A enzymes
B hormones
C ions
D vitamins

10 Enzymes have an optimum temperature at which they are most active.

Which row explains why enzyme activity decreases if the temperature is not optimum?

below optimum temperature above optimum temperature

A enzymes denature enzymes denature

B enzymes denature enzymes have less kinetic energy
C enzymes have less kinetic energy enzymes denature
D enzymes have less kinetic energy enzymes have less kinetic energy

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 6

11 A piece of foil was placed over one green and white leaf on a plant.

white

green

foil

The plant was placed under a bright light for 24 hours and then tested for starch with iodine
solution.

Which diagram shows the areas of the leaf that would stain blue-black with iodine solution?

A B C D

12 The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

rate of
photosynthesis
X

light intensity

Which environmental factor is limiting the rate of photosynthesis at X on the graph?

A carbon dioxide concentration

B light intensity
C oxygen concentration
D temperature

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 7

13 Which condition can be caused by a lack of fibre in the diet?

A constipation
B obesity
C scurvy
D starvation

14 In which test-tube will the breakdown of fat be fastest?

A B C D

milk, lipase milk and lipase milk and milk, boiled lipase
and bile bile and bile

15 The diagrams show stages in the passage of water through a plant.

Which arrow shows water moving in the form of water vapour?

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 8

16 The diagram shows some potato tubers. New shoots are beginning to grow.

Sucrose is being translocated from source to sink.

shoot

tuber

soil

Which statement is correct?

A The tuber is a sink.

B The soil is a sink.
C The shoots are sources.
D The shoots are sinks.

17 The diagram shows a section through the heart.

R
Q

What is the function of the structure labelled Q?

A It controls the amount of blood leaving the heart.

B It increases the pressure in part R.
C It prevents backflow of blood into part P.
D It prevents blood flowing into the vena cava.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 9

18 During the process of blood clotting, damage to blood vessels stimulates L, and M is converted
to N.

What are L, M and N?

L M N

A fibrin platelets fibrinogen

B fibrinogen platelets fibrin
C platelets fibrin fibrinogen
D platelets fibrinogen fibrin

19 Which statement about passive immunity is correct?

A Antibodies are acquired.

B It gives a long-term effect.
C It is inherited.
D Memory cells are produced.

20 Compared with inspired air, which description of expired air is correct?

A It has less oxygen and less carbon dioxide.

B It has less oxygen and more carbon dioxide.
C It has more oxygen and less carbon dioxide.
D It has more oxygen and more carbon dioxide.

21 Which row shows the features of the gas exchange surface in humans?

surface area thickness

A large thick
B large thin
C small thick
D small thin

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 10

22 Yeast is placed inside a container full of a glucose solution with no air.

Which word equation summarises the process that takes place inside the container?

A glucose  alcohol + carbon dioxide

B glucose  lactic acid

C glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water

D glucose + oxygen  alcohol

23 Which process uses energy released in respiration?

A diffusion
B evaporation
C growth
D osmosis

24 Which term describes the removal of the nitrogen-containing part of amino acids to form urea?

A assimilation
B deamination
C denaturation
D digestion

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 11

25 Which numbered parts form the central nervous system?

A 1 only B 1 and 2 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 12

26 The diagram shows a section through the eye of an octopus. Octopuses have eyes that are
similar in structure and function to human eyes.

1
7
2
6

Which row identifies the structures of the octopus eye?

pupil cornea lens iris

A 4 6 7 3
B 5 1 2 3
C 4 1 7 5
D 5 6 2 4

27 A person eats a large bowl of rice. Rice contains starch.

What happens to the amounts of insulin and glucagon in their body?

insulin glucagon

A decreases decreases
B decreases increases
C increases decreases
D increases increases

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 13

28 A study investigated the effect on arm muscle surface area of taking testosterone and doing
exercise. The participants in the study were given either testosterone or a placebo. The placebo
does not contain any testosterone.

The bar chart shows the results of the study.

600
average change 400
in arm muscle
surface area / mm2 200
0
placebo testosterone placebo testosterone

no exercise exercise

Which conclusion about the data in the graph is correct?

A Exercise has no effect on arm muscle surface area.

B No exercise and not taking testosterone has the greatest effect on arm muscle surface area.
C Exercise has the same effect on arm muscle surface area as no exercise.
D Taking testosterone increases arm muscle surface area.

29 Which statement about reproduction is correct?

A All living species can reproduce asexually.

B Gametes are needed for asexual reproduction.
C Only organisms that are separated from other organisms of the same species can reproduce
asexually.
D Some organisms reproduce asexually and sexually.

30 What will happen if a woman smokes during pregnancy?

A Nicotine can cross the placenta and affect the fetus.

B Nicotine can cause COPD in the lungs of the fetus.
C The woman can become addicted to carbon monoxide.
D Carbon monoxide can cause cancer in the lungs of the fetus.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 14

31 The graph shows the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle.

Which curve on the graph represents the hormone LH?

C
D
B
concentration
of hormone A

0 1 2 3 4
time / weeks

32 What happens to the mass of DNA in a nucleus before mitosis occurs?

A It doubles.
B It halves.
C It stays the same.
D It halves and then halves again.

33 In a species of pea plant, height is controlled by one gene. The allele for tall is dominant to the
allele for short.

A test cross is done to identify the genotype of a tall pea plant.

The table shows the possible phenotypes of the offspring and a description of the genotypes of
the tall parent pea plant.

description of the
phenotypes
genotype of the tall
of the offspring
parent pea plant

1 all tall heterozygous

2 all tall homozygous dominant
3 all short homozygous dominant
4 tall and short heterozygous

If a large number of offspring are produced, which rows are possible?

A 1 and 3 B 1 only C 2 and 4 D 2 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 15

34 Which statement about variation is correct?

A Continuous variation results in few phenotypes with no intermediates.

B Discontinuous variation results in few phenotypes with no intermediates.
C Phenotypic variation is caused by environmental factors only.
D Phenotypic variation is caused by genetic factors only.

35 Some plants have small leaves with thick waxy cuticles.

Which row describes the effect of these features on water loss and the type of plant that has
these features?

effect on
type of plant
water loss

A decreases hydrophyte
B decreases xerophyte
C increases hydrophyte
D increases xerophyte

36 Some plants of different species can be crossed with each other to form hybrids that have a
diploid number different from either of the two parent species.

The diagram shows a cross between plants with different diploid numbers.

species 1 species 2
diploid number 70 diploid number X

hybrid zygote
diploid number 64

What is the diploid number of species 2?

A 29 B 32 C 35 D 58

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 16

37 The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the nitrogen cycle.

atmospheric nitrogen

5 1

nitrate

2
4

3
ammonium compounds plant protein

Which processes are carried out at each stage?

nitrogen
absorption decomposition denitrification nitrification
fixation

A 2 4 5 1 3
B 2 3 1 4 5
C 1 5 2 3 4
D 1 2 3 5 4

38 Genetically engineered bacteria are used to produce human proteins.

Into which component of the bacterial cell is human DNA inserted to produce human proteins?

A cell wall
B nucleus
C plasmid
D rough endoplasmic reticulum

39 The sugar in milk is digested by an enzyme.

Which row matches the name of the enzyme with the sugar it digests?

enzyme sugar in milk

A lactase glucose
B lactose lactase
C lactase lactose
D lactose sucrose

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 17

40 The list shows activities that happen in a forest.

1 cutting down only selected trees

2 educating people about forests
3 replanting trees
4 cutting down trees to grow crop plants

Which activities are likely to ensure the forest is used sustainably?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2 and 3 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 18

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 20

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) February/March 2024
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

* 0709685893*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 20 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

03_0610_22_2024_1.11a
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
 2

1 Which characteristic of living organisms is represented by gas exchange in the alveoli?

A excretion
B growth
C nutrition
D reproduction

2 The diagram shows how Homo sapiens (modern people) could have evolved from earlier ancestors.

Homo sapiens (modern people)

Homo heidelbergensis

Homo erectus

Homo habilis

Which statement about modern people and their ancestors is correct?

A They are the same species and the same genus.

B They are the same species but not the same genus.
C They are the same genus but not the same species.
D They are neither the same species nor the same genus.

3 What is a characteristic of both insects and arachnids?

A eight legs
B exoskeleton
C only three pairs of legs
D wings

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 3

4 An animal can swim, has a backbone and produces milk.

Which group does this animal belong to?

A amphibians
B fish
C mammals
D reptiles

5 In which cell structure does aerobic respiration occur?

A mitochondrion
B nucleus
C ribosome
D vacuole

6 Which formula shows the correct way to calculate the actual size of an object?

A actual size =

B actual size =

C actual size = image size × magnification

D actual size = image size – magnification

7 What is a reason why oxygen diffuses into the blood from an alveolus in the lungs?

A The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is greater than the carbon dioxide concentration in
the blood.
B The oxygen concentration in the alveolus is greater than the oxygen concentration in the
blood.
C The oxygen concentration in the blood is greater than the oxygen concentration in the
alveolus.
D The oxygen concentration in the blood is greater than the carbon dioxide concentration in
the alveolus.

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11 [Turn over

 4

8 The diagram shows two plant cells.

cell X cell Y

high low
water water
potential potential

Which statement describes what will happen to the water in the cells?

A equal movement between cells

B net movement from cell X to cell Y
C net movement from cell Y to cell X
D no movement between cells

9 Which row describes active transport?

moves
requires a
substances from requires energy
protein carrier in
a lower to a higher from respiration
the cell membrane
concentration

A no no no
B no no yes
C yes yes no
D yes yes yes

10 Which row shows the elements that make up a carbohydrate molecule?

carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen

A no no yes yes
B no yes no yes
C yes yes no yes
D yes yes yes no

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 5

11 Large molecules are made from smaller molecules.

Which row names the large molecule and the small molecules it is made from?

large molecule small molecules

A cellulose glucose
B fat glycogen
C glycogen fatty acid
D starch amino acid

12 The graph shows the effect of temperature on the activity of an enzyme.

1 2
enzyme
activity

temperature

Which statements about the enzyme and substrate at temperatures 1 and 2 are correct?

temperature 1 temperature 2

A The active site fits into the The substrate changes shape so
substrate of the enzyme. that it cannot fit into the active site.
B The enzyme and substrate The enzyme and substrate
have the same shape. have different shapes.
C The enzyme is denatured. The enzyme and substrate
have complementary shapes.
D The substrate fits into The active site changes shape so
the active site of the enzyme. that the substrate cannot fit into it.

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11 [Turn over

 6

13 In an investigation, the rate of photosynthesis in a plant is measured at different temperatures.

The investigation is carried out at three different light intensities. The results are shown.

high light intensity

X
medium light intensity
rate of
photosynthesis
low light intensity

0 10 20 30
temperature / °C

What is the limiting factor for the rate of photosynthesis at point X?

light intensity temperature

A no no
B no yes
C yes no
D yes yes

14 In plants, which ions are used to make amino acids?

A magnesium
B nitrates
C phosphates
D potassium

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 7

15 The diagram shows a cross-section of part of a leaf.

Which structure is the cuticle?

16 Poor nutrition can lead to a condition called rickets in which bones fail to develop properly.

The table shows some minerals and vitamins present in four foods.

Which food would be best for a child who has rickets?

calcium iron vitamin C vitamin D

A ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ key
B ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓ = substance present
C ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ = substance absent
D ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓

17 Which food group is chemically digested in the mouth, passes through the stomach and continues
to be broken down by chemical digestion in the small intestine?

A carbohydrates
B mineral salts
C proteins
D vitamins

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11 [Turn over

 8

18 Which row about bile is correct?

organ where bile effect of bile on fat

process involved
is produced droplet surface area

A gall bladder increases chemical digestion

B gall bladder decreases physical digestion
C liver decreases chemical digestion
D liver increases physical digestion

19 The small intestine is where most digested foods are absorbed. The small intestine has many villi.

These are some features of villi.

1 Each villus contains a network of capillaries.

2 Each villus contains a lacteal.
3 The surface of each epithelial cell is covered with microvilli.
4 Villi increase the internal surface area of the small intestine.

Which statements about the villi are important for the efficient absorption of glucose?

A 1, 2, 3 and 4
B 1, 3 and 4 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 2 and 4 only

20 Which statements about xylem vessels are correct?

1 Xylem vessels have cells with cross walls.

2 Xylem vessels have thick walls with lignin.
3 Xylem vessels transport water and mineral ions.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 only

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 9

21 Dodder is a plant that grows on other plants called hosts. The dodder plant connects to the
host’s vascular bundles.

The dodder plant does not have green leaves or roots.

What correctly describes the regions for translocation?

host leaves dodder

A sink sink
B sink source
C source sink
D source source

22 The diagram shows part of the human circulatory system.

Which structure is the hepatic vein?

lungs

heart

D A
liver

B
small intestine

C
kidney

23 What is a feature of passive immunity?

A Antibodies are acquired from another individual.

B It can be gained through infection with a pathogen.
C Long-term protection is gained.
D Memory cells are produced.

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11 [Turn over

 10

24 The graph shows the change in the rate of breathing of an athlete.

rate of
breathing

time

What causes the response during time period Y?

A a decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the blood

B a decrease in the concentration of urea in the blood
C an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood
D an increase in the concentration of red blood cells in the blood

25 These are processes that occur in plants.

1 active transport
2 cell division
3 osmosis
4 transpiration

Which processes use energy from respiration?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

26 What is the balanced equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?

A 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

B C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
C C6H12O6 → 2C3H6O3
D 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 11

27 Which labelled organ has a major role in the assimilation of amino acids by converting them to
proteins?

C
A

28 A toxin that is the same shape as a neurotransmitter prevents muscle contraction.

Which statement explains why the toxin prevents muscle contraction?

A The toxin blocks the binding of neurotransmitters to receptors on motor neurones.

B The toxin increases the release of neurotransmitters from relay neurones.
C The toxin increases the release of neurotransmitters from sensory neurones.
D The toxin stimulates impulses in motor neurones.

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11 [Turn over

 12

29 The diagram shows the structure of the human eye.

Which labelled part refracts light entering the eye?

C A

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 13

30 A patient is injected with adrenaline.

Which graph shows the expected changes to pulse rate and blood glucose concentration?

A B

pulse blood glucose pulse blood glucose

rate concentration rate concentration

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

time after injection / minutes time after injection / minutes

C D

pulse blood glucose pulse blood glucose

rate concentration rate concentration

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

time after injection / minutes time after injection / minutes

key
pulse rate
blood glucose
concentration

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11 [Turn over

 14

31 The diagram shows the shoot and root of a seedling, responding to gravity.

Which row shows where the auxin accumulates and the effect of this in the shoot?

accumulates effect

A lower surface inhibits cell elongation

B lower surface promotes cell elongation
C upper surface inhibits cell division
D upper surface promotes cell division

32 Which factors would increase the chance of antibiotic resistance developing?

1 regularly giving antibiotics to healthy livestock

2 only using antibiotics to treat bacterial infections
3 using several different antibiotics to treat an infection
4 using good personal hygiene to avoid infection

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

33 What is an advantage of using asexual reproduction in crop plants?

A It can reliably produce many crop plants with a desirable characteristic.

B It increases genetic variation.
C It only requires wind pollination.
D It reduces the chance of a new disease spreading through all the crop plants.

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 15

34 The graphs show the concentrations in the blood of four hormones involved in controlling the
menstrual cycle.

Which line represents FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)?

hormone A
concentration
in the blood B

C D
hormone
concentration
in the blood

0 7 14 21 28
time / days

35 The mitotic index of a tissue is the percentage of cells in the tissue that are dividing by mitosis.

The table shows information about two tissue samples, X and Y.

number of cells number of cells total number of

tissue
dividing by not dividing by cells in the
sample
mitosis mitosis tissue sample

X 25 55 80
Y 15 95 110

Which statement is correct?

A Tissue X is growing fastest with a mitotic index of 31.3%.

B Tissue X is growing fastest with a mitotic index of 45.4%.
C Tissue Y is growing fastest with a mitotic index of 13.6%.
D Tissue Y is growing fastest with a mitotic index of 15.8%.

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11 [Turn over

 16

36 Fruit flies can either have red eyes or white eyes.

This is a sex-linked characteristic with the gene for eye colour located on the X chromosome.

The allele for red eyes (R) is dominant over the allele for white eyes (r).
R r R
A fruit fly with the genotype X X was crossed with a fruit fly with the genotype X Y.

Which percentage of the offspring will have red eyes?

A 25% B 50% C 75% D 100%

37 Which statement about variation is correct?

A ABO blood groups show continuous variation.

B Body mass shows discontinuous variation.
C Seed colour in peas shows continuous variation.
D Seed shape in peas shows discontinuous variation.

38 Which row shows part of the nitrogen cycle?

name of process chemical changed chemical produced

A decomposition ammonium ions protein

B denitrification nitrate ions ammonium ions
C nitrogen fixation nitrate ions nitrogen gas
D nitrification ammonium ions nitrate ions

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 17

39 When in vitro fertilisation (IVF) is used in captive breeding programmes, these processes occur.

1 The egg cell is fertilised.

2 The egg cell is removed from an ovary.
3 The embryo is implanted into the uterus.
4 The sperm cells are added.

In which order do these processes occur?

A 2→3→4→1
B 2→4→1→3
C 4→1→2→3
D 4→3→2→1

40 The diagram shows a bacterial cell.

Which cell structure is useful in genetic modification?

B
A

C
D

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 18

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 20

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2024 03_0610_22_2024_1.11

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/21
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2024
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*9959564507*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages.

06_0610_21_2024_1.12b
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
 2

1 A person touches a hot object and rapidly moves their hand away from the hot object.

Which characteristic of living organisms is this an example of?

A excretion
B growth
C reproduction
D sensitivity

2 Which types of organisms are used in genetic modification because they have plasmids?

A arachnids
B bacteria
C myriapods
D ferns

3 The list shows some of the structures contained in cells.

• cytoplasm
• cell membrane
• cell wall
• chloroplast

How many of these structures are found in the cells of all living organisms?

A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

4 A student draws a red blood cell.

The diameter of the red blood cell they draw is 20 mm.

The actual diameter of the red blood cell is 0.008 mm.

What is the magnification of the student’s drawing?

A ×0.0004 B ×0.16 C ×250 D ×2500

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12

 3

5 Samples of plant cells from the same species are immersed in three different liquids. The low
concentration sucrose solution has a higher water potential than the plant cell cytoplasm. The high
concentration sucrose solution has a lower water potential than the plant cell cytoplasm.

What is the state of the cells in the different liquids?

low concentration high concentration

distilled water
sucrose solution sucrose solution

A turgid plasmolysed flaccid

B flaccid turgid plasmolysed
C flaccid plasmolysed flaccid
D turgid turgid plasmolysed

6 Which process requires energy from respiration?

A active transport
B diffusion
C osmosis
D transpiration

7 The diagram shows the sticky end of the DNA of a plasmid that has been cut by a restriction enzyme.
The unpaired bases are labelled.

C A G T G

What is the correct sequence of the missing bases?

A CAGTG B GTGAC C GTCAC D CACTG

8 A test was performed on a food substance. A positive result was shown by a colour change to
blue-black.

What solution was used for the test?

A biuret solution
B DCPIP solution
C iodine solution
D Benedict’s solution

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 4

9 A student investigates the breakdown of fats in milk by lipase. Four test-tubes labelled A, B, C and
D are set up.

The table shows the contents of each test-tube.

In which test-tube will the contents become acidic most quickly?

milk bile boiled lipase lipase

A ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ key
B ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ = present
C ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ = absent
D ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓

10 The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the effect of increasing light intensity on the rate
of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant.

The rate is found by measuring the rate of bubble release by the plant.

As the light intensity increases, the rate of bubble release increases and then becomes constant.

bubble

light

Which statement describes why the rate of bubble release becomes constant at high light intensities?

A Carbon dioxide concentration becomes a limiting factor.

B Light intensity becomes a limiting factor.
C Oxygen availability becomes a limiting factor.
D Water availability becomes a limiting factor.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12

 5

11 The diagram shows a section through the leaf of a flowering plant.

Where does photosynthesis take place?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

12 The diagram shows part of the alimentary canal and associated organs.

Which labelled part stores bile?

C B

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 6

13 The list contains statements about villi.

1 Villi increase the efficiency of the absorption of nutrients.

2 Villi increase the efficiency of the alveoli during gas exchange.
3 Villi provide a large surface area.
4 Villi filter urea from the blood.

Which two statements explain the role of the villi in humans?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

14 The diagrams show carbohydrate molecules as they pass through the alimentary canal.

Which row represents the molecules correctly?

before taking after some time after some time in

into the mouth in the mouth the small intestine

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12

 7

15 Which row shows correct information about three digestive enzymes in humans?

lipase maltase trypsin

A acts in acidic acts in the secreted by the

conditions stomach pancreas
B secreted by the secreted in the acts in acidic
pancreas mouth conditions
C secreted by the acts in alkaline secreted in the
small intestine conditions stomach
D acts in the small acts in the small acts in alkaline
intestine intestine conditions

16 Which substance found in a healthy diet helps to prevent constipation?

A fat
B fibre
C minerals
D vitamins

17 When is the transpiration rate of a well-watered plant highest?

A on a cool, dry, windy day

B on a cool, wet, windy day
C on a hot, dry, windy day
D on a hot, wet, windy day

18 Which statement is correct for a flowering plant during photosynthesis?

A The flowers, fruits, leaves and roots are all sources of sucrose.
B The fruits are a source of sucrose and the flowers are a sink.
C The leaves are a source of sucrose and the fruits are a sink.
D The roots are a source of sucrose and the leaves are a sink.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 8

19 What is an advantage of having a double circulatory system?

A It uses less energy because blood flows through the heart only once in each circuit around
the body.
B Concentration gradients of solutes and gases are kept low.
C Deoxygenated and oxygenated blood are separated to allow a high rate of oxygen supply
to the tissues.
D It maintains high-pressure blood flow to the lungs and low-pressure blood flow to the body.

20 The diagram shows the external structure of the human heart.

Which part is blocked in coronary heart disease?

D
A

21 One of the symptoms of the disease cholera is diarrhoea. This is due to water loss by osmosis
caused by the cholera toxin.

What is the effect of cholera toxins that results in diarrhoea?

A secretion of chloride ions out of the small intestine lowering the water potential
B secretion of chloride ions out of the small intestine raising the water potential
C secretion of chloride ions into the small intestine lowering the water potential
D secretion of chloride ions into the small intestine raising the water potential

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12

 9

22 Which statement about immunity is correct?

A A part of the antibody molecule has the same shape as the antigen it acts on.
B Babies develop passive immunity from the antibodies they receive in breast milk.
C Phagocytes produce antibodies.
D Vaccines contain weakened antibodies.

23 What are the functions of the diaphragm and the cilia in the human gas exchange system?

diaphragm cilia

A contracts to cause breathing in carry mucus to the throat

B contracts to cause breathing out trap bacteria from the air
C relaxes to cause breathing in filter dust from the air
D relaxes to cause breathing out produce mucus

24 Vigorous exercise can cause an oxygen debt.

Which process removes the oxygen debt?

A aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver

B a decrease in breathing rate
C a decrease in heart rate
D an increase in blood supply to the skin

25 In healthy people, which substance is completely reabsorbed into the blood from the kidney
nephrons?

A glucose
B salts
C urea
D water

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 10

26 What would be the pupil size and lens shape of a person reading a mobile phone text message in
a brightly lit room?

pupil size lens shape

A large fat
B large thin
C small fat
D small thin

27 What describes how the body maintains a constant internal temperature on a hot day?

A Vasoconstriction increases blood flow to the skin surface capillaries.

B Vasoconstriction decreases blood flow to the skin surface capillaries.
C Vasodilation increases blood flow to the skin surface capillaries.
D Vasodilation decreases blood flow to the skin surface capillaries.

28 What would lead to a decrease in blood glucose concentration?

A increased release of adrenaline

B increased release of amylase
C increased release of glucagon
D increased release of insulin

29 Which statement about antibiotics is correct?

A Antibiotics do not affect bacteria but kill viruses.

B Antibiotics do not affect bacteria or viruses.
C Antibiotics kill bacteria and kill viruses.
D Antibiotics kill bacteria but do not affect viruses.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12

 11

30 The diagram shows the carpel of a flower just after pollination.

What is the name of the part labelled X?

A filament
B ovule
C pollen tube
D stigma

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 12

31 The table shows the percentage of sperm with different abnormalities in samples from a person
with normal fertility and two people with low fertility.

person with person P with person Q with

normal fertility low fertility low fertility
percentage of sperm with
2 25 2
no acrosome
percentage of sperm with
11 11 35
deformed flagellum
percentage of sperm with
4 4 30
few mitochondria

What are the causes of low fertility in person P and person Q?

person P person Q

A too many sperm cannot too many sperm cannot

digest jelly coat of egg cell digest jelly coat of egg cell
B too many sperm cannot too many sperm cannot
digest jelly coat of egg cell move to oviduct
C too many sperm cannot too many sperm cannot
move to oviduct digest jelly coat of egg cell
D too many sperm cannot too many sperm cannot
move to oviduct move to oviduct

32 Which word is used to describe stem cells?

A gametes
B haploid
C homozygous
D unspecialised

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12

 13

33 The graph shows the concentration of four hormones during the menstrual cycle.

Which line represents progesterone?

hormone B
concentration C
D

0 14 28
ovulation

day of cycle

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 14

34 The pedigree diagrams show the pattern of inheritance of a genetic disorder in four families.

This genetic disorder is not sex-linked.

Which pedigree diagram proves that the genetic disorder must be caused by a dominant allele?

A B

C D

key

unaffected male unaffected female

affected male affected female

35 What are correct statements about meiosis?

produces involved in repair

genetically of damaged
identical cells tissues

A yes yes
B yes no
C no yes
D no no

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12

 15

36 The photograph shows a species of fish called a leafy sea-dragon.

Leafy sea-dragons live in areas of the sea where seaweed is present.

Which statements explain how natural selection caused the leafy sea-dragon species to develop?

1 Leafy sea-dragons that looked like seaweed were better adapted to their environment.
2 Leafy sea-dragons that survived passed on the allele for their appearance to their
offspring.
3 Humans selected leafy sea-dragons that looked like seaweed.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

37 What is the main source of energy input to biological systems?

A glucose
B oxygen
C plants
D the Sun

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 16

38 Which organisms remove nitrate ions from soil?

A denitrifying bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules

B denitrifying bacteria and plants
C nitrifying bacteria and plants
D nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules

39 What are two reasons for organisms becoming endangered?

1 habitat destruction
2 monitoring
3 education
4 pollution
5 captive breeding programmes

A 1 and 4 B 1 and 5 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

40 What is an example of the use of genetic modification in agriculture?

A choosing cattle to breed so that alleles for high milk yield will be passed on to their offspring
B increasing food production by using insecticides to improve quality and yield
C inserting genes into crop plants to improve the nutritional qualities of the plant
D selecting crop plants with desirable characteristics and crossing these to produce the next
generation

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_21_2024_1.12

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2024
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*3174578336*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages.

06_0610_22_2024_1.12a
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
 2

1 Which process is carried out by all organisms?

A growth
B photosynthesis
C sexual reproduction
D transpiration

2 What is the first part of the scientific name of an organism, using the binomial system?

A genus
B group
C kingdom
D species

3 The diagram shows a plant cell.

In which labelled part of the cell is glucose made?

D A
cell wall vacuole

B
chloroplast

C
nucleus

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12

 3

4 The diagram shows an epidermal cell from an onion plant.

The distance between X and Y on the diagram is 60 mm.

The actual length of the cell between X and Y is 150 μm.

X Y

What is the magnification of the cell?

A ×40 B ×250 C ×400 D ×2500

5 Some plant cells are placed in distilled water for 1 hour.

Which description of the condition of the plant cells after 1 hour is correct?

A burst
B flaccid
C plasmolysed
D turgid

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 4

6 Which diagram represents active transport?

A B
partially permeable partially permeable
cell membrane cell membrane

requires energy requires energy

from respiration from respiration

C D
partially permeable partially permeable
cell membrane cell membrane

does not require energy does not require energy

from respiration from respiration

7 The diagram shows the bases in a section of DNA from one strand only.

A−C−T−T−C−A−G−T−C

What is the base sequence on the complementary DNA strand?

A G−C−T−T−C−G−A−T−C
B G−T−C−C−T−G−A−C−T
C T−C−A−A−C−T−G−A−C
D T−G−A−A−G−T−C−A−G

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12

 5

8 The graph shows the effect of pH on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction.

rate of
reaction

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
pH

What explains the effect of pH on the reaction rate?

A As the pH increases from 5 to 7, the kinetic energy increases.

B As the pH increases from 7 to 9, the frequency of enzyme and substrate collisions increases.
C The shape of the enzyme’s active site changes as the pH increases from 7 to 9.
D The substrate denatures at pH 7.

9 Which sentence explains the importance of vascular bundles for photosynthesis?

A Vascular bundles transport carbon dioxide to the leaf.

B Vascular bundles transport oxygen to the leaf.
C Vascular bundles transport starch to the leaf.
D Vascular bundles transport water to the leaf.

10 Which substance is the product of protein digestion?

A amino acids
B fatty acids
C glucose
D glycerol

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 6

11 Which organ produces amylase?

A gall bladder
B kidney
C oesophagus
D pancreas

12 Which substance is absorbed by lacteals in villi?

A amino acids
B fatty acids
C lactic acid
D hydrochloric acid

13 The diagram shows part of the alimentary canal.

Where is most water absorbed?

B
A

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12

 7

14 The diagram shows a cross-section of a villus.

On which cell surface are microvilli found?

lacteal

capillary

15 Which feature of xylem vessels provides support to plants?

A cells are joined end to end

B no cell contents
C no cross-walls
D lignin present

16 Which change in an environmental factor will increase the rate of transpiration?

A decreasing humidity
B decreasing light intensity
C decreasing temperature
D decreasing wind speed

17 Which statement describes translocation?

A the movement of amino acids and sucrose from the source to the sink in phloem
B the movement of amino acids and sucrose from the source to the sink in xylem
C the movement of amino acids and sucrose from the sink to the source in phloem
D the movement of amino acids and sucrose from the sink to the source in xylem

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 8

18 Which pathway is taken by blood in a fish?

A gills → heart → body → gills

B body → gills → heart → body
C heart → gills → body → heart
D heart → body → gills → body

19 Which component of blood produces antibodies?

A plasma
B platelets
C red blood cells
D white blood cells

20 The cholera bacterium produces a toxin which affects humans.

What is an effect of this toxin on the human body?

A the secretion of chloride ions from the blood into the lumen of the large intestine
B the secretion of chloride ions from the blood into the lumen of the small intestine
C the secretion of chloride ions from the lumen of the large intestine into the blood
D the secretion of chloride ions from the lumen of the small intestine into the blood

21 These changes occur in the human body during exercise.

1 breathing rate increases

2 the rate of respiration increases
3 nerve impulses sent from the brain to the intercostal muscles and diaphragm
4 receptors in the brain detect increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood

What is the correct order for these changes?

A 1→2→4→3
B 1→3→4→2
C 2→1→4→3
D 2→4→3→1

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12

 9

22 Two molecules of glucose are aerobically respired.

How many molecules of water are produced?

A 1 B 2 C 6 D 12

23 Which substance has a higher concentration in the renal vein than in the renal artery?

A carbon dioxide
B glucose
C oxygen
D urea

24 Where are amino acids deaminated and converted into urea?

A bladder
B kidneys
C liver
D pancreas

25 Which process moves neurotransmitters across a synapse?

A active transport
B diffusion
C gravity
D osmosis

26 When the blood glucose concentration is low, which hormone is released and which organ releases
it?

hormone organ

A glucagon liver
B glucagon pancreas
C insulin liver
D insulin pancreas

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 10

27 A shoot grows towards the direction of light.

These statements compare shoot cells on the side in the light with cells on the side in the shade.

1 Cells on the side in the light have more auxin.

2 Cells on the side in the shade have more auxin.
3 Cells on the side in the light elongate more.
4 Cells on the side in the shade elongate more.

Which statements explain why the shoot grows towards the light?

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

28 Which statement about antibiotics is correct?

A Antibiotics are used to treat all transmissible diseases.

B Antibiotics are used to treat diseases caused by viruses.
C Antibiotic resistance can be stopped by increasing their use.
D Antibiotics are used to treat diseases caused by bacteria.

29 Fusarium wilt is a fungal disease of bananas that can spread quickly through a banana population.

The table shows the area affected by Fusarium wilt over time in one country.

area affected with

year
Fusarium wilt / hectares

1967 0

1970 100

1976 1200

1983 1500

1999 3000

What was the percentage increase in the area affected with Fusarium wilt from 1976 to 1999?

A 40% B 60% C 150% D 250%

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12

 11

30 The diagram shows part of a flower.

Which processes have taken place?

pollination fertilisation

A no no
B no yes
C yes no
D yes yes

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 12

31 The diagram shows part of a placenta and umbilical cord.

maternal blood

key
placenta direction of
blood flow

umbilical artery
umbilical vein
umbilical cord

What is the function of the umbilical vein?

A to stop pathogens passing into the fetus

B to stop toxins passing into the fetus
C to transport carbon dioxide away from the fetus
D to transport oxygen to the fetus

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12

 13

32 The graph shows how the mass of DNA per cell changes before, during and after a nuclear division
in a diploid cell.

mass of DNA
per cell

time

Which row describes the type of nuclear division and the chromosome number of the daughter
cells shown in the graph?

chromosome
type of nuclear number of
division daughter cells
produced

A meiosis diploid
B meiosis haploid
C mitosis diploid
D mitosis haploid

33 In a family, the two parents have blood groups of A and B and the three children have blood groups
of B, B and O.

What are the genotypes of the parents?

A A B B
A I I and I I
A B A o
B I I and I I
A o B o
C I I and I I
B o B A
D I I and I I

34 Which statement describes a type of variation?

A Continuous variation is usually caused by the environment only.

B Continuous variation results in a limited range of phenotypes with no intermediates.
C Discontinuous variation is usually caused by genes only.
D Discontinuous variation results in a range of phenotypes between two extremes.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 14

35 The photograph shows a water lily plant, which is a hydrophyte.

Which statement explains why the stomata are located on the upper surface of the leaf?

A to allow carbon dioxide from the air to enter the leaf for use in photosynthesis
B to allow carbon dioxide produced by photosynthesis to leave the leaf
C to allow oxygen from the air to enter the leaf for use in photosynthesis
D to allow oxygen from the water to enter the leaf for respiration

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12

 15

36 Which term is used when humans cross individuals with desirable features?

A genetic breeding
B natural breeding
C pure-breeding
D selective breeding

37 Which diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle?

A B

nitrogen gas in atmosphere nitrogen gas in atmosphere

nitrogen denitrification nitrogen denitrification

fixation fixation

nitrates nitrates

C D

nitrogen gas in atmosphere nitrogen gas in atmosphere

nitrogen denitrification nitrogen denitrification

fixation fixation

nitrates nitrates

38 What is an advantage of growing crops as a large-scale monoculture?

A Biodiversity is increased.
B Genetic variation is increased.
C Water use is increased.
D Yield of the crop is increased.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12 [Turn over

 16

39 Yeast can produce carbon dioxide and ethanol.

What can be made using these products?

carbon dioxide ethanol

A biofuel washing powder

B washing powder fruit juice
C fruit juice bread
D bread biofuel

40 Bacteria can be genetically modified to produce a human protein.

What is the first step in this process?

A insertion of human DNA into bacterial plasmid DNA

B insertion of recombinant plasmids into bacteria
C isolation of the DNA making up the human gene
D expression of the human gene in bacteria

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_22_2024_1.12

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/23
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2024
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*5865242745*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 20 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

06_0610_23_2024_1.8a
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
 2

1 Which characteristic do all living organisms show?

A breathing
B excretion
C photosynthesis
D tropism

2 What kind of skin do amphibians have?

A dry without scales

B dry with scales
C moist without scales
D moist with scales

3 Some components of cells are listed.

1 cell membrane
2 cell wall
3 chloroplasts
4 cytoplasm

Which cell components are present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 3

4 The image shows a pollen grain from a grass plant.

The image has a length of 60 mm.

The actual length of the pollen grain is 500 μm.

What is the magnification of the pollen grain?

A ×0.12 B ×30 C ×120 D ×30 000

5 What will increase the rate of diffusion across a gas exchange surface?

A a decrease in the concentration gradient

B a decrease in the diffusion distance
C a decrease in the kinetic energy of molecules
D a decrease in the surface area of the gas exchange surface

6 What happens when potato plant cells are placed in pure water?

A Water enters the cells and they become plasmolysed.

B Water enters the cells and they become turgid.
C Water leaves the cells and they become plasmolysed.
D Water leaves the cells and they become turgid.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8 [Turn over

 4

7 The diagrams show four molecules.

C represents carbon, H represents hydrogen, O represents oxygen and N represents nitrogen.

Which structure is an amino acid?

A B C D

CH2OH H H H O CH2OH
O H 2N C COOH H C C C C O
H H
H
H H H O H HO H
OH H
HO OH H OH
H OH
H OH
CH2OH

8 The diagram shows the effect of changing the temperature on the time taken for an enzyme to
digest starch.

time taken to
digest starch

temperature

Which statement about the results is correct?

A The optimum temperature is at X and the rate of reaction decreases between X and Y.
B The optimum temperature is at X and the rate of reaction increases between X and Y.
C The optimum temperature is at Y and the rate of reaction decreases between X and Y.
D The optimum temperature is at Y and the rate of reaction increases between X and Y.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 5

9 Which structure contains the pigment that transfers energy from light into chemical energy?

A chloroplast
B mitochondrion
C nucleus
D ribosome

10 Which region in the leaf of a green plant contains phloem?

A palisade mesophyll
B spongy mesophyll
C upper epidermis
D vascular bundle

11 The table shows the percentage of the daily recommended intake of nutrients in a serving of four
foods.

Which food would be the best choice to prevent scurvy?

percentage of daily recommended intake

in a serving of food

vitamin vitamin
calcium iron
C D

A 71 1 0 6
B 24 11 2 73
C 3 3 72 0
D 1 72 1 0

12 What is the correct order of the processes that take place in the alimentary canal?

A absorption, digestion, ingestion, egestion

B digestion, ingestion, egestion, absorption
C egestion, digestion, absorption, ingestion
D ingestion, digestion, absorption, egestion

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8 [Turn over

 6

13 Why does chewing food speed up digestion?

A Bacteria in the food are killed.

B Food is mixed with protease.
C The surface area of the food is increased.
D The taste of food is improved.

14 Which substances are produced by the action of amylase on starch?

A amino acids
B fatty acids and glycerol
C salts
D sugars

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 7

15 The diagram shows a section through a villus.

key
direction of
blood flow

1 3

Several hours after a meal, where will the highest concentrations of amino acids and of glucose
be found in the villus?

highest highest
concentration of concentration of
amino acids glucose

A 1 1
B 1 2
C 2 1
D 3 3

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8 [Turn over

 8

16 The diagram shows a cross-section of a plant root.

What is a function of the part labelled Q?

A storage of starch
B structural support
C transport of amino acids
D transport of glucose

17 Which part of the heart separates the deoxygenated and oxygenated blood?

A atrium muscle wall

B atrioventricular valve
C septum
D ventricle muscle wall

18 The diagrams show four components of blood.

Which component produces antibodies?

A B C D

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 9

19 The cholera bacterium produces a toxin. The toxin causes the secretion of chloride ions into the
lumen of the small intestine.

Why does this cause diarrhoea?

A The water potential in the lumen of the small intestine decreases and water moves into the
small intestine by osmosis.
B The water potential in the lumen of the small intestine increases and water moves into the
small intestine by osmosis.
C The water potential in the lumen of the small intestine decreases and water moves out of
the small intestine by osmosis.
D The water potential in the lumen of the small intestine increases and water moves out of
the small intestine by osmosis.

20 Which structure contains cartilage?

A alveoli
B diaphragm
C intercostal muscle
D trachea

21 The diagram shows the human breathing system.

4 3

Which labels show structures that produce changes in volume and pressure during ventilation of
the lungs?

A 1 and 3 B 1 only C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8 [Turn over

 10

22 The graph shows the lactic acid concentration in the blood during exercise and during recovery
after exercise.

1.0

Z
blood lactic acid
concentration 0.5
/ mg dm–3

exercise recovery
0.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
time / minutes

Which process accounts for the shape of the graph at Z?

A aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the kidney

B aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver
C anaerobic respiration of lactic acid in the kidney
D anaerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver

23 Which process takes place as the filtrate from a glomerulus passes along a nephron?

A production of amino acids

B excretion of oxygen
C production of urea
D reabsorption of glucose

24 A person moves from bright light into a dark room.

What changes occur in their eyes?

pupil radial muscles circular muscles

A constricts contract relax

B constricts relax contract
C dilates contract relax
D dilates relax contract

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 11

25 A person who had not eaten for a few hours was given an injection of adrenaline.

The person’s blood glucose concentration was measured for 3.5 hours.

The graph shows the results.

time of
adrenaline
injection

blood glucose
concentration

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5

time / hours

What is the correct explanation for the change in blood glucose concentration immediately after
the injection of adrenaline?

A Adrenaline causes less glucose to be converted to glucagon.

B Adrenaline causes less glucagon to be converted to glucose.
C Adrenaline causes more glucose to be converted to glycogen.
D Adrenaline causes more glycogen to be converted to glucose.

26 Which statement about insulin is correct?

A Insulin is produced by the liver when the blood glucose concentration is high. Its target cells
are in the pancreas.
B Insulin is produced by the liver when the blood glucose concentration is low. Its target cells
are in the pancreas.
C Insulin is produced by the pancreas when the blood glucose concentration is high. Its target
cells are in the liver.
D Insulin is produced by the pancreas when the blood glucose concentration is low. Its target
cells are in the liver.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8 [Turn over

 12

27 What is a function of the placenta?

A acts as a barrier to prevent some toxins reaching the fetus

B exchanges blood between the mother and the fetus
C prevents the transfer of excretory products from the fetus
D protects the fetus from mechanical damage

28 Which diagram shows the correct inheritance of sex chromosomes?

A B

parent 1 parent 1

X Y X X
X XX XY X XX XX
parent 2 parent 2
Y XY YY Y XY XY

C D

parent 1 parent 1

X X X Y
X XX XX X XX XY
parent 2 parent 2
X XX XY X XY XY

29 Which of the statements about the production of a protein are correct?

1 The sequence of bases in the gene determines the amino acid sequence used to
make a protein.
2 The mRNA molecules are made in the nucleus and they remain there.
3 The ribosomes assemble amino acids together to make a protein.

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 only

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 13

30 In mice, the allele for brown fur is dominant to the allele for white fur.

The diagram shows the inheritance of fur colour in a family of mice.

key
1 2 3 4
male with brown fur

male with white fur

5 6 7 8 9 female with brown fur

female with white fur

10 11 12

Which two individuals are heterozygous for fur colour?

A 1 and 4 B 2 and 8 C 6 and 7 D 7 and 10

31 Desert plants have evolved to survive in places where very little water is available.

Which process is reduced to enable them to retain as much water as possible?

A transpiration
B translocation
C respiration
D digestion

32 These events may happen when an antibiotic is used to treat a bacterial infection.

1 The antibiotic kills most of the bacteria.

2 The antibiotic-resistant bacteria reproduce.
3 The antibiotic-resistant bacteria survive.
4 Some bacteria mutate and are resistant to the antibiotic.

Which sequence may produce a strain of antibiotic-resistant bacteria?

A 1→2→3→4
B 2→3→1→4
C 3→1→4→2
D 4→1→3→2

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8 [Turn over

 14

33 The graphs show the beak length of offspring of a wild bird population in 2000 and in 2020. The
graphs are drawn to the same scale.

number of number of
offspring birds offspring birds
in 2000 in 2020

beak length beak length

Which change has taken place in the overall beak length of the bird population, and what type
of selection has brought this about?

change in the beak

length of the bird type of selection
population

A decrease artificial
B decrease natural
C increase artificial
D increase natural

34 What is the principal source of energy input into an ecosystem?

A decomposers
B herbivores
C producers
D the Sun

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 15

35 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

nitrogen in the air

lightning

plant
protein

ammonium
ions in soil
death death
uptake
1 2 3 4
by roots

nitrates in soil

Which numbers represent decomposing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria?

decomposing nitrifying
bacteria bacteria

A 1 3
B 1 4
C 2 3
D 2 4

36 What is a description of biodiversity?

A the number of different animal species that live in an area

B the number of different plant species that live in an area
C the number of different species that live in an area
D the number of individuals of a particular species that live in an area

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8 [Turn over

 16

37 A list of different stages that occur in the process of eutrophication is given.

1 reduction in dissolved oxygen

2 increase in nitrate ions
3 death of organisms requiring dissolved oxygen
4 growth of producers
5 increased aerobic respiration by decomposers
6 death of producers followed by their decomposition

What is the correct order in which these processes occur during eutrophication?

A 1→3→5→2→6→4
B 2→4→1→6→5→3
C 2→4→6→5→1→3
D 5→1→3→6→2→4

38 Lignin is used to make a sustainable resource known as bioplastic.

Why is bioplastic a sustainable resource?

A Lignin can be produced as rapidly as it is removed from the environment.

B Lignin is found in xylem tissue.
C Lignin is strong.
D Lignin is waterproof.

39 Which bacterial cell structure is useful in genetic modification?

A cell membrane
B cell wall
C cytoplasm
D plasmid

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 17

40 A crop plant has been genetically modified to make it resistant to herbicides.

What is a possible disadvantage of introducing this new crop plant?

A The loss of weeds reduces competition.

B Some of the weeds might become resistant to the herbicide.
C The crop plant is unharmed and produces a higher yield.
D The new gene will appear in new generations of the crop plant.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 18

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 20

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2024 06_0610_23_2024_1.8

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/23
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2024
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*6444223348*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB24 11_0610_23/4RP
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
 2

1 What is a description of excretion?

A a chemical reaction that releases energy

B a permanent increase in size and dry mass
C removal of waste products of metabolism
D taking in materials for energy, growth and development

2 The scientific name for a domestic horse is Equus caballus.

Which row shows the two parts of the name using the binomial system?

Equus caballus

A kingdom species
B species genus
C genus kingdom
D genus species

3 The diagram shows a type of plant cell.

nucleus

cytoplasm

cell wall

vacuole

Where does this type of cell come from?

A root
B cuticle
C palisade mesophyll
D spongy mesophyll

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 3

4 What is the formula for calculating magnification?

actual size
A
image size

B actual size  image size

image size
C
actual size

D image size  actual size

5 The diagram represents a substance moving across a cell membrane, using energy from
respiration.

cell membrane cytoplasm

substance

Which method of transport does the diagram represent?

A active transport
B diffusion
C evaporation
D osmosis

6 Which food-testing reagent shows a positive result when it turns from blue to purple?

A Benedict’s solution
B biuret
C ethanol
D iodine solution

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24 [Turn over

 4

7 What are the characteristics of an enzyme?

the active site is it is used up

it is made
the same shape during the
of protein
as the substrate reaction

A no no yes
B no yes no
C yes yes no
D yes no yes

8 An enzyme in potato cells causes oxygen to be produced from the breakdown of

hydrogen peroxide.

Cubes of potato tissue were placed in a hydrogen peroxide solution at different temperatures.

The number of bubbles of oxygen released per minute was counted at each temperature.

The table shows the results.

temperature / °C 15 25 35 45 55
number of bubbles of oxygen
96 98 82 36 1
released per minute

The results suggest the optimum temperature for the enzyme is between which two values?

A 15 °C and 35 °C
B 35 °C and 45 °C
C 35 °C and 55 °C
D 45 °C and 55 °C

9 Which molecules contain nitrogen?

A amino acids
B fats
C glucose
D starch

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 5

10 The photomicrograph shows the lower surface of a leaf.

Which part of the leaf is labelled X?

A guard cell
B palisade cell
C stoma
D xylem vessel

11 Which row shows the correct enzyme, its substrate and the site of enzyme action in the
alimentary canal?

site of
enzyme substrate
enzyme action

A amylase starch colon

B lipase fatty acid duodenum
C maltase maltose ileum epithelium
D trypsin protein stomach

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24 [Turn over

 6

12 A student set up the experiment shown in the diagram on a hot and dry day. The air bubble
moved towards the leafy shoot by 30 mm in 1 hour.

reservoir
leafy of water
shoot

scale

air capillary
bubble tube

The student was asked to predict and explain the result that would have been obtained on a hot
and humid day.

Which row is correct?

distance
explanation
moved / mm

A 15 water evaporates more quickly in humid air

B 15 water evaporates more slowly in humid air
C 45 water evaporates more quickly in humid air
D 45 water evaporates more slowly in humid air

13 Which statement describes the process of translocation?

A the movement of sucrose and amino acids in the xylem from the source to the sink
B the movement of sucrose and water in the phloem from the sink to the source
C the movement of sucrose and amino acids in the phloem from the source to the sink
D the movement of water and amino acids in the xylem from the source to the sink

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 7

14 The diagram shows the human heart.

X
W

Z Y

What are the semilunar valves?

A W and X B W and Z C X and Y D Y and Z

15 Which component of the blood transports hormones?

A plasma
B platelets
C red blood cells
D white blood cells

16 During the process of vaccination, what stimulates an immune response?

A antibodies
B antigens
C lymphocytes
D phagocytes

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24 [Turn over

 8

17 Muscles are responsible for the ventilation of the lungs during breathing.

Which row describes their action during the inspiration of air?

diaphragm external internal

muscles intercostal muscles intercostal muscles

A contract contract relax

B contract relax contract
C relax contract relax
D relax relax contract

18 Which molecule is a product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?

A C2H5OH B C6H12O6 C H2O D O2

19 In a kidney nephron, which substances are filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus?

A glucose, protein, ions and water

B glucose, protein, urea and water
C glucose, ions, urea and water
D ions, urea and water only

20 How many types of cone cells are there in the human eye?

A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 9

21 The diagram shows a plant shoot growing towards the light.

J K light
L

Which row describes where auxin is produced, and which side of the shoot has the lowest
concentration of auxin?

the side of the

where auxin shoot with the
is produced lowest auxin
concentration

A K J
B K L
C M J
D M L

22 Which statement about antibiotics is correct?

A Antibiotics are produced by memory cells.

B Antibiotics are used to treat rickets.
C Antibiotics are used to treat viral infections.
D Antibiotics should only be used when essential.

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24 [Turn over

 10

23 The diagram shows a strawberry plant.

Which labelled part of the plant can only be produced by asexual reproduction?

C
B D

24 Which part of a flower can contain a pollen tube?

A anther
B filament
C stamen
D style

25 To avoid extinction of rare plant species, a botanical garden keeps a collection of seeds known
as a seed bank.

Which condition will prevent these seeds germinating while they are in storage?

A high humidity
B high oxygen levels
C low light intensity
D low temperature

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 11

26 The graph shows the changes to the thickness of the lining of the uterus during the menstrual
cycle.

thickness
of the lining
of the uterus

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

day of the menstrual cycle

Which hormone is responsible for the change to the thickness of the lining of the uterus shown
between days 5 and 16?

A FSH
B LH
C oestrogen
D progesterone

27 Which hormone concentrations are high during pregnancy?

LH oestrogen progesterone

A no no yes
B yes no no
C no yes yes
D yes yes no

28 By which route would an HIV infection not be transmissible?

A blood
B saliva
C sharing needles for injections
D semen

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24 [Turn over

 12

29 Which description of a human gamete is correct?

A a diploid cell with 23 chromosomes

B a diploid cell with 46 chromosomes
C a haploid cell with 23 chromosomes
D a haploid cell with 46 chromosomes

30 Which statements about meiosis are correct?

produces involved in the

genetically production of
identical cells gametes

A yes no
B yes yes
C no yes
D no no

31 A female parent who is heterozygous for red-green colour blindness has a female child with a
red-green colour-blind male parent.

What is the chance of the female child being colour-blind?

A 0% B 25% C 50% D 100%

32 A pure-breeding plant with smooth stems was crossed with a heterozygous plant with hairy
stems.

What will be the ratio of hairy to smooth stems in the resulting plants?

A 1 hairy : 1 smooth
B 1 hairy : 3 smooth
C 3 hairy : 1 smooth
D all hairy

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 13

33 Which row shows the adaptive features of a xerophyte?

leaves with small many stomata

deep roots thin leaf cuticle
surface area on leaves

A yes yes no no
B yes no yes no
C no yes no yes
D no no yes yes

34 The diagram shows a marine food web.

phytoplankton zooplankton cod harbour seal

shrimp mackerel

At which trophic levels is the cod found?

A primary consumer and secondary consumer

B secondary consumer and tertiary consumer
C secondary consumer only
D tertiary consumer only

35 The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.

Which labelled arrow would have the balanced chemical equation

6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2?

air
A

fossil fuels B C

D
plant animal

36 Which statement explains why there is a lag phase in a population graph?

A The build-up of waste products limits population growth.

B The low population size limits the birth rate.
C The number of births is equal to the number of deaths.
D The number of deaths is greater than the number of births.

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24 [Turn over

 14

37 The flow chart describes the process of eutrophication.

step X

increased growth of producers

increased decomposition after death of producers

step Y

death of organisms in water

What should be at step X and step Y in the flow chart?

step X step Y
A decrease in nitrate decreased dissolved
ion concentration oxygen concentration
B increase in nitrate decreased dissolved
ion concentration oxygen concentration
C decrease in nitrate increased dissolved
ion concentration oxygen concentration
D increase in nitrate increased dissolved
ion concentration oxygen concentration

38 How can fish stocks be conserved?

A closed seasons
B decreased mesh size
C increased quotas
D reduction in protected areas

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 15

39 Penicillin is produced in a fermenter by growing the fungus Penicillium. The graph shows how the
mass of living Penicillium fungus and the concentration of penicillin change over time.

concentration

mass of living
mass concentration
Penicillium
of penicillin
fungus

0 1 2 3 4 5
time / days

When is the best time to collect the penicillin?

A at 1.5 days
B at 3.0 days
C at 3.5 days
D at 5.0 days

40 Which enzymes are required to produce human proteins, using genetic modification?

to form a to isolate the DNA

to cut the bacterial
recombinant making up the
plasmid DNA
plasmid human gene

A DNA ligase restriction enzymes DNA ligase

B DNA ligase restriction enzymes restriction enzymes
C restriction enzymes DNA ligase restriction enzymes
D restriction enzymes DNA ligase DNA ligase

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2024 0610/23/O/N/24

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2024
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*9095188110*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB24 11_0610_22/2RP
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
 2

1 Which organisms carry out respiration, growth, movement and excretion?

A all animals and all plants

B animals only
C arthropods and flowering plants only
D plants only

2 The chimpanzee belongs to the species Pan troglodytes.

What is the genus of this species?

A chimpanzee
B Pan
C Pan troglodytes
D troglodytes

3 The diagram shows a tree leaf.

Use the key to identify the tree species to which the leaf belongs.

leaf shape

leaf is simple, leaf is compound,

with no leaflets with many leaflets

leaf edge leaf edge leaf edge leaf edge

smooth jagged smooth jagged

Fagus Ulmus Fraxinus Sorbus

sylvatica minor americana aucuparia
A B C D

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 3

4 What is the function of mitochondria in cells?

A to absorb light energy

B to produce glucose
C to release energy
D to transport oxygen

5 Which row shows a function of the cell membrane and a function of the cell wall in a palisade
cell?

cell membrane cell wall

A active transport active transport

B active transport support
C support active transport
D support support

6 A specimen is viewed under a microscope with a 10 magnification. The specimen image
measures 30 mm.

What is the actual size of the specimen?

A 3 m B 30 m C 300 m D 3000 m

7 The diagram shows the water potential of three plant cells. The more negative the value, the
higher the solute concentration.

P Q

–360 kPa – 400 kPa

–340 kPa

What is the immediate movement of water that will occur between the three cells?

A from P to Q, and from R to P and Q

B from Q to P and R only
C from Q to P and R, and from P to R
D from R to Q only

8 Which base in a DNA molecule always pairs with a G base?

A A B G C C D T

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24 [Turn over

 4

9 The diagram shows the steps in an enzyme-controlled reaction.

enzyme enzyme

What describes the part labelled X?

A active site
B enzyme–substrate complex
C product
D substrate

10 The graph shows the effect of temperature on the time taken for the complete digestion of starch.

6
5
time for 4
complete
3
digestion
/ minutes 2
1
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
temperature / °C

At which temperature is the rate of digestion of starch the greatest?

A 10 °C B 30 °C C 40 °C D 50 °C

11 Which substance is needed to make chlorophyll and which part of the plant absorbs the
substance?

part of the plant

substance where the substance
is absorbed

A calcium root hairs

B calcium stomata
C magnesium root hairs
D magnesium stomata

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 5

12 The diagram shows a type of plant cell.

cytoplasm vacuole

nucleus chloroplast

In which tissue is this cell found?

A leaf epidermis
B palisade mesophyll
C root epidermis
D xylem

13 Which components of a balanced diet are needed to make haemoglobin and to prevent scurvy
and rickets?

A carbohydrates and mineral ions

B carbohydrates and proteins
C mineral ions and vitamins
D vitamins and fibre

14 Which group of organs belongs to the same organ system?

A diaphragm, oesophagus, trachea

B heart, liver, lungs
C heart, stomach, trachea
D oesophagus, intestine, stomach

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24 [Turn over

 6

15 The diagram shows a villus.

3
4

Which parts transport glucose and fatty acids away from the villus?

glucose fatty acids

A 3 1
B 3 2
C 4 3
D 4 4

16 Which conditions lead to the lowest rate of transpiration in a plant?

A cool and high humidity

B cool and windy
C warm and low humidity
D warm and windy

17 The table shows the transport tissues of plants and some substances that may or may not travel
through these tissues.

Which row is correct for translocation?

substance
plant tissue
transported

A phloem maltose
B phloem sucrose
C xylem amino acids
D xylem water

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 7

18 The diagram shows the circulatory system of a fish.

key
oxygenated blood
deoxygenated blood
direction of blood flow

What is the structure labelled X?

A aorta
B gills
C heart
D vena cava

19 Which factors increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease?

1 increased age
2 regular exercise
3 smoking
4 stress

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

20 Which features of the human body protect against pathogens in food?

red blood cells stomach acid white blood cells

A yes yes no
B yes no no
C no yes yes
D no no yes

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24 [Turn over

 8

21 What causes air to enter the lungs?

external intercostal air pressure

volume of thorax
muscles in thorax

A contract decreases decreases

B relax decreases increases
C contract increases decreases
D relax increases increases

22 The symbol equation for aerobic respiration is shown.

C6HxOy + 6O2  6COz + 6H2O

Which numbers represent the letters shown in the equation as x, y and z?

x y z

A 2 12 6
B 6 2 12
C 6 12 2
D 12 6 2

23 A student investigates the rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast.

The total volume of carbon dioxide produced is measured every 10 minutes for 40 minutes. The
table shows the results.

total volume of
time / minutes carbon dioxide
produced / cm3

0 6
10 30
20 37
30 40
40 41

Between which times is the rate of anaerobic respiration fastest?

A 0–10 minutes
B 10–20 minutes
C 20–30 minutes
D 30–40 minutes

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 9

24 Which part of an amino acid is removed during deamination?

A the carbon-containing part

B the nitrogen-containing part
C the oxygen-containing part
D the iron-containing part

25 Which process happens in a glomerulus in the kidney?

A assimilation
B deamination
C filtration
D reabsorption

26 The diagram shows a synapse in a reflex arc.

P Q

What are the identities of the two neurones and in which direction does the neurotransmitter
pass?

direction of passage
neurone P neurone Q
of the neurotransmitter

A motor relay PQ

B motor sensory PQ
C relay motor QP
D relay sensory QP

27 Which responses occur in the iris of the eye when a person walks from a brightly lit area to a
dimly lit area?

circular muscles radial muscles

A contract contract
B contract relax
C relax contract
D relax relax

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24 [Turn over

 10

28 Which statements about hormones are correct?

1 Adrenaline decreases pupil diameter.

2 Adrenaline increases pupil diameter.
3 Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration.
4 Insulin increases blood glucose concentration.

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

29 Bacteria such as MRSA are resistant to antibiotics.

These processes can occur in bacteria.

1 artificial selection
2 genetic variation
3 mutation
4 natural selection

Which processes lead to the development of antibiotic resistance?

A 1, 2, 3 and 4
B 1, 2 and 3 only
C 2, 3 and 4 only
D 2 and 4 only

30 A farmer grows hot pepper plants and sweet pepper plants in different fields on his farm.

Each year, the farmer saves seeds from the pepper plants to grow the next crop of peppers.

One year, the farmer notices that some of the seeds from the sweet pepper plants have grown
into plants which produce hot and sweet peppers.

What is the most likely explanation?

A Self-pollination has occurred and pollen has been transferred from the anther of a hot pepper
plant to the stigma of a sweet pepper plant.
B Cross-pollination has occurred and pollen has been transferred from the stigma of a hot
pepper plant to the anther of a sweet pepper plant.
C Self-pollination has occurred and pollen has been transferred from the stigma of a hot pepper
plant to the anther of a sweet pepper plant.
D Cross-pollination has occurred and pollen has been transferred from the anther of a hot
pepper plant to the stigma of a sweet pepper plant.

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 11

31 Why do different cells in a human body produce different proteins?

A Alleles can be dominant or recessive.

B Only particular genes are expressed.
C Cells have different genes.
D The sequence of bases in the DNA varies between different cells.

32 Which graph shows the mean mass of DNA per cell before, during and after mitosis?

A B
8 8

7 7
mean mean
mass 6 mass 6
of DNA of DNA
5 5
per per
cell 4 cell 4
/ arbitrary / arbitrary
units 3 units 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
time time

C D
8 8

7 7
mean mean
mass 6 mass 6
of DNA of DNA
5 5
per per
cell 4 cell 4
/ arbitrary / arbitrary
units 3 units 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
time time

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24 [Turn over

 12

33 Which statement about gene mutations is correct?

A A mutation is a change in the amino acid sequence of DNA.

B Mutations are a source of genetic variation.
C Mutations are caused by random mating.
D Mutations happen during random fertilisation.

34 The diagram shows the amount of energy in kJ m–2 yr–1 at each trophic level of a food chain.

producers primary consumers secondary consumers

88 000 14 000 2000

Approximately how much energy is lost between the producers and the secondary consumers?

A 0.2% B 2.0% C 84% D 98%

35 Which process in the nitrogen cycle removes nitrogen gas from the atmosphere?

A decomposition
B denitrification
C nitrification
D nitrogen fixation

36 What is a population?

A a group of different organisms living in different areas at the same time

B a group of organisms of different species living in the same area
C a group of organisms of one species living in the same area at different times
D a group of organisms of one species living in the same area at the same time

37 A farmer has a small pond on their farm land.

One year, most of the organisms in the pond die.

The next year, the farmer decreases their use of nitrate fertilisers and fewer organisms in the
pond die.

Which statement explains why this will help increase the number of organisms living in the pond?

A There is a decrease in dissolved oxygen due to an increase in decomposition.

B There is a decrease in dissolved oxygen due to an increase in photosynthesis.
C There is an increase in dissolved oxygen due to a decrease in decomposition.
D There is an increase in dissolved oxygen due to a decrease in photosynthesis.

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 13

38 The graph shows how the population of a species of bird has increased following a conservation
programme.

400

350

300

250
number of
breeding pairs 200
of birds
150

100

50

0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

year

What is the percentage increase in the number of breeding pairs of birds from 1996 to 2002, to
the nearest whole number?

A 35% B 74% C 170% D 283%

39 The diagram shows a bacterial cell that is used in genetic modification.

Which labelled structure makes the bacterium useful for genetic modification?

D
C

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24 [Turn over

 14

40 The diagram shows some apparatus that was used to produce lactose-free milk.

milk

alginate beads
containing X

milk
containing Y

The alginate beads do not react with any of the substances. X is an enzyme that catalyses a
reaction involving one of the substances found in milk.

What are X and Y?

X Y

A amylase glucose
B amylase starch
C lactase glucose
D lactase starch

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 15

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2024 0610/22/O/N/24

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/21
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2024
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*0123494615*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages.

IB24 11_0610_21/3RP
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
 2

1 A living organism, X, can make its own food, get rid of toxic materials and detect and respond to
stimuli.

What other four processes must organism X carry out to stay alive?

A excretion, growth, movement, sensitivity

B excretion, growth, nutrition, respiration
C growth, movement, reproduction, respiration
D movement, reproduction, respiration, sensitivity

2 The diagram shows an animal.

Using the key, which genus does the animal belong to?

has jointed legs

three pairs more than three

of legs pairs of legs

has tail no tail four pairs more than four

of legs pairs of legs

A B C D
Hexagenia Dytiscus Argyroneta Asellus

3 Which statement is true for all species of organisms?

A A species is a group of organisms that are genetically identical.

B A species is a group of organisms that produce fertile offspring.
C A species is a group of organisms that reproduce both asexually and sexually.
D A species is a group of organisms that reproduce by sexual means only.

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24

 3

4 Which group of living organisms includes the myriapods?

A arthropods
B prokaryotes
C protoctists
D vertebrates

5 The diagram shows a liver cell.

Which features are present in this cell and also in most plant cells?

A cell membrane and cytoplasm

B cell membrane and sap vacuole
C cell wall and cytoplasm
D cell wall and sap vacuole

6 A tick is a type of arachnid.

The length of an adult tick is 2.3 mm.

What is the length of the tick in micrometres?

A 0.23 μm B 23 μm C 230 μm D 2300 μm

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24 [Turn over

 4

7 Cylinders of potato tissue were left in different concentrations of sucrose solution for one hour.
The graph shows the percentage change in the length of the potato cylinders after one hour.

7.0

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

percentage
1.0
change in
potato cylinder
length 0.0

–1.0

–2.0

–3.0

–4.0

–5.0

–6.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
concentration of sucrose solution / mol dm–3

What can be concluded about the cells of the potato cylinders that were left in 0.2 mol dm–3
sucrose solution?

A The cells in the potato cylinders became flaccid.

B The cells in the potato cylinders became plasmolysed.
C The net movement of water into the potato cells was equal to the net movement of water out
of the potato cells.
D The water potential of the potato cells was zero.

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24

 5

8 Which statement about biological molecules is correct?

A DNA molecules contain pairs of bases: A pairs with G and C pairs with T.
B Fatty acids and glycerol molecules can be joined together to form proteins.
C Glucose molecules can be joined together to make cellulose and glycogen.
D Starch molecules are made of maltase.

9 The graph shows how temperature affects an enzyme-controlled reaction.

Where on the graph do the enzyme and substrate molecules have the most kinetic energy?

rate of
reaction C

A D
temperature

10 Which substance is an energy store that is made in plant cells from the products of
photosynthesis?

A cellulose
B glycogen
C nectar
D starch

11 Which nutrient is lacking when a person has scurvy?

A calcium
B iron
C vitamin C
D vitamin D

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24 [Turn over

 6

12 The diagram shows part of the alimentary canal.

K
M

Which row correctly identifies the structures labelled J to M?

J K L M

A oesophagus pancreas small intestine stomach

B pancreas small intestine stomach oesophagus
C small intestine stomach oesophagus pancreas
D stomach oesophagus pancreas small intestine

13 Which statement about enzymes in digestion is correct?

A Amylase catalyses the breakdown of fats to fatty acids and glycerol.

B Amylase catalyses the breakdown of oils to fatty acids and glucose.
C Lipase catalyses the breakdown of fats to fatty acids and glycerol.
D Lipase catalyses the breakdown of oils to fatty acids and glucose.

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24

 7

14 The diagram shows a villus.

X Y

Which statement about absorption is correct?

A Amino acids move into X.

B Fatty acids move into X.
C Cellulose moves into Y.
D Maltose moves into Y.

15 Which substance strengthens the walls of xylem vessels?

A glycerol
B glycogen
C lignin
D starch

16 Which row explains why a plant wilts?

water loss at water uptake state of the

the leaf surface in the roots plant cells

A low high flaccid

B low high turgid
C high low flaccid
D high low turgid

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24 [Turn over

 8

17 Scientists investigated the movement of sucrose through a plant.

They used carbon dioxide containing radioactive carbon, 14C.

They covered one leaf on a plant with a clear plastic bag containing 14CO2.

After 24 hours, the plant was placed onto photographic film. The photographic film went black
where the radioactive carbon was present.

Diagram 1 shows the plant at the start of the experiment, and diagram 2 shows the photographic
film at the end of the experiment.

flower

growing
shoot tip 14
CO2

stem
clear plastic
bag
leaf

root

diagram 1 diagram 2

Which conclusions can be made from the experiment?

1 Translocation occurs in upwards and downwards directions.

2 The leaf and shoot tip are sources.
3 The roots and flowers are sinks.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24

 9

18 The diagram shows a section through the human heart.

Which valve is the right atrioventricular valve?

B C

A
D

19 Which row shows the features of a blood vessel that transports blood at low pressure?

size of thickness
valves
lumen of wall

A large thick absent

B small thin present
C small thick absent
D large thin present

20 The diagram shows a component of blood.

What is the name of this component?

A lymphocyte
B phagocyte
C platelet
D red blood cell

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24 [Turn over

 10

21 Which statement about immunity is correct?

A Antibodies are present on the surface of pathogens.

B Antibodies are produced by lymphocytes.
C Antigens are produced by memory cells.
D Antigens are produced by phagocytes.

22 The intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract and relax during ventilation.

Which row shows the actions of muscles that result in the largest volume inside the thorax?

internal intercostal
diaphragm
muscles

A relax contract
B relax relax
C contract contract
D contract relax

23 How many molecules of carbon dioxide, glucose, oxygen and water are there in the balanced
chemical equation for aerobic respiration?

carbon dioxide glucose oxygen water

A 3 1 6 3
B 3 2 3 3
C 6 1 6 6
D 6 6 6 6

24 Where is urea formed and excreted?

formed excreted

A bladder heart
B heart liver
C kidney bladder
D liver kidney

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24

 11

25 A growing seedling was pinned sideways onto a wooden board that was covered in wet blotting
paper.

The seedling was kept in a dark box.

The diagram shows the seedling after 24 hours. Auxin had become concentrated on the lower
side of the shoot and the root.

upper side

lower side

shoot root

What can be concluded from this experiment about the effect of auxin on the seedling?

A A high concentration of auxin stimulates cell elongation on the lower side of the root.
B A high concentration of auxin stimulates cell elongation on the lower side of the shoot.
C A low concentration of auxin stimulates cell elongation on the upper side of the shoot.
D A low concentration of auxin stimulates cell elongation on the upper sides of the shoot and
the root.

26 Which statement describes a drug?

A a substance that is produced in the body and alters the activity of target organs
B a substance that is produced in the body and increases the rate of chemical reactions in the
body
C any substance taken into the body that modifies or affects chemical reactions in the body
D any substance that helps the body maintain a constant internal environment

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24 [Turn over

 12

27 The diagram shows a plant that is producing small plantlets.

flower

plantlet

Which statement about the plantlets is correct?

A They are genetically different from the parent plant.

B They are genetically identical to the parent plant.
C They are produced as a result of the fusion of nuclei.
D They are produced by fertilising the flowers.

28 Which hormone maintains the thickness of the lining of the uterus during pregnancy?

A follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

B luteinising hormone (LH)
C oestrogen
D progesterone

29 The table shows the number of new HIV infections in 1990 and 2021 in one country.

year 1990 2021

number of new HIV infections 8800 830

Which statement could explain the change in the number of new HIV infections between 1990
and 2021?

A Condoms, which prevent the transmission of STIs, increased in price between 1990 and
2021.
B People in 2021 had more sexual partners.
C Testing of donated blood for pathogens was introduced in 1990.
D There was an increase in drug abuse between 1990 and 2021.

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24

 13

30 Where are amino acids assembled into protein molecules?

A the DNA
B the genes
C the nucleus
D the ribosomes

31 The diagram shows the changes in the mass of DNA in one cell before, during and after mitosis.

X
mean mass
of DNA
per cell

time

What is happening at X in the graph?

A the cell is changing from haploid to diploid

B the cell is dividing
C DNA replication
D reduction division

32 A woman who has blood group AB has a child with a man who has blood group B and is
heterozygous.

What is the chance of the child having blood group B?

A 0% B 25% C 50% D 100%

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24 [Turn over

 14

33 Plants are adapted to survive in different environments.

What are features of xerophytes?

number
cuticle
of stomata

A thick few
B thick many
C thin few
D thin many

34 Which diagram correctly shows the flow of energy?

A producers consumers

decomposers

B consumers producers decomposers

C producers consumers

decomposers

D decomposers consumers producers

35 The diagram shows a food chain.

tree  small insects  small birds  birds of prey

What is the correct pyramid of numbers for this food chain?

A B C D

birds of prey
small birds
small insects
tree

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24

 15

36 Acidic soils encourage the increase of anaerobic bacteria that cause denitrification.

How do acidic conditions affect the nitrogen cycle?

A Ammonia will not enter the nitrogen cycle.

B More nitrogen gas will be released from the soil.
C The concentration of nitrates in the soil will increase.
D The plants growing in the soil will produce more proteins.

37 The graph shows the population of yeast over a period of time.

Which phase shows when the number of yeast cells dying is equal to the number of new yeast
cells being produced?

A B C D

number of
yeast cells

time

38 Wheat plants are often grown in large areas as a monoculture.

What is a negative environmental impact of this method of farming?

A The variety of species in the area is reduced.

B Fewer types of pesticide are needed.
C Larger harvests can be produced.
D Specialist machinery can be used.

39 How will these natural processes be affected by deforestation?

flooding loss of soil transpiration

A decreased decreased increased

B decreased increased decreased
C increased decreased increased
D increased increased decreased

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24 [Turn over

 16

40 The stages describe how genetic modification can be used to produce human insulin from
bacteria.

1 Cut bacterial plasmid DNA with restriction enzymes.

2 Extract the gene for insulin from human DNA with restriction enzymes.
3 Insert the recombinant plasmids into bacteria.
4 Join human DNA to bacterial plasmid DNA using DNA ligase.
5 Replicate bacteria containing recombinant plasmids.

Which sequence will lead to the production of human insulin by bacteria?

A 21435

B 25134

C 42315

D 43512

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2024 0610/21/O/N/24

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/23
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*4514030708*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 12 pages.

IB22 06_0610_23/5RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 All living organisms release energy from nutrient molecules within their cells.

What is the name of this characteristic?

A growth
B nutrition
C respiration
D sensitivity

2 Which diagram shows a flower from a monocotyledon?

A B C D

3 The diagram shows a cross-section through two guard cells of a leaf.

W X

Which labelled structures would also be found in an animal cell?

A W and X B X and Y C Y and Z D Z and W

4 Which level of organisation is shown by the heart of a mammal?

A a cell
B a tissue
C an organ
D an organ system

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 3

5 Female moths release chemicals into the air. Male moths detect these chemicals and fly towards
the females.

How do the chemicals spread through the air?

A active transport
B diffusion
C osmosis
D transpiration

6 The diagram shows a section through a mesophyll cell of a leaf.

Which part is partially permeable?

B
C
D

7 What are the smaller basic units of starch and glycogen molecules?

starch glycogen

A amino acids fatty acids and glycerol

B amino acids glucose
C glucose fatty acids and glycerol
D glucose glucose

8 DNA is made up of ......1...... strands coiled together. The strands contain chemicals called
......2...... . These chemicals form ......3...... , A pairing with T and C pairing with G.

Which words correctly complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3

A three amino acids cross-links

B two bases cross-links
C three bases proteins
D two amino acids proteins

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 4

9 What is the correct definition of an enzyme?

A a carbohydrate that functions as a biological catalyst

B a protein that functions as a biological catalyst
C a substance that is changed by the reaction
D a substance made of fats that changes the rate of a reaction

10 Which statement describes the effect of temperature on enzymes?

A High temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
B High temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
C Low temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
D Low temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.

11 The graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different carbon dioxide concentrations.

rate of
photosynthesis

carbon dioxide
concentration

What could be the limiting factor of photosynthesis at X on the graph?

A oxygen
B carbon dioxide
C glucose
D light intensity

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 5

12 The list shows features of a plant leaf.

1 air spaces between spongy mesophyll cells

2 chloroplasts in mesophyll cells
3 contains a natural insecticide
4 xylem vessels close to mesophyll cells

Which features are adaptations for photosynthesis?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

13 Which nutrient is required to prevent scurvy?

A calcium
B iron
C vitamin C
D vitamin D

14 Which diagram represents the action of lipase?

A + +

key

B + + + enzyme

substance 1

C + + substance 2

substance 3

D + +

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 6

15 The image shows a cross-section of part of a leaf.

Which labelled structure is the xylem?

16 The diagram shows a cross-section of a root.

Three regions of the root are numbered.

Which regions contain cells through which water must pass to reach the xylem?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 2 only

17 In a double circulation, what is the role of the right side of the heart?

A to receive oxygenated blood from the body and to pump oxygenated blood to the lungs
B to receive oxygenated blood from the body and to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs
C to receive deoxygenated blood from the body and to pump oxygenated blood to the lungs
D to receive deoxygenated blood from the body and to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 7

18 The photomicrograph shows some human blood cells.

What is the name of cell X and what is its function?

name function

A lymphocyte produces antibodies

B lymphocyte engulfs pathogens
C phagocyte produces antibodies
D phagocyte engulfs pathogens

19 Three statements about immune responses are listed.

1 Antigens trigger an immune response which produces antibodies.

2 Memory cells are produced.
3 Antibodies are acquired from another individual.

Which statements are correct when describing active immunity?

A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

20 Which row shows the action of muscles during inspiration?

internal external
diaphragm
intercostal muscles intercostal muscles

A contract relax relax

B contract relax contract
C relax contract relax
D relax contract contract

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 8

21 Carbon dioxide is produced by aerobic respiration.

How many molecules of carbon dioxide are produced from the aerobic respiration of three
molecules of glucose?

A 3 B 6 C 12 D 18

22 Which statements describe how an oxygen debt is removed after vigorous exercise?

1 Lactic acid is transported to the liver.

2 Lactic acid is respired aerobically.
3 Heart rate stays high to remove lactic acid from the muscles.

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 1, 2 and 3 D 2 and 3 only

23 Which statement about urea is correct?

A Amino acids are transported to the kidneys where they are converted to urea.
B Urea travels from liver cells to the kidneys where it is filtered out of the blood.
C Liver cells break down proteins to amino acids which are then converted to urea in the
kidneys.
D Urea is made in the kidneys and then removed from the body by the liver.

24 The diagram shows the junction between two neurones.

What is labelled at X?

A neurotransmitter
B vesicle
C neurotransmitter receptor molecule
D synaptic cleft

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 9

25 The diagram shows the density of rods and cones across a section of the retina.

What is the position of the fovea?

cones

rods
density of
receptors

A B C D

distance across the retina

26 What is the synthetic plant hormone 2,4-D used for?

A genetic engineering
B inhibiting phototropism
C killing weeds
D promoting germination

27 Which statement about asexual reproduction would be a disadvantage for a farmer growing crop
plants?

A Desirable qualities are shown throughout the crop.

B No pollinators are required.
C Only one parent plant is required so growth is rapid.
D All of the crop plants have the same risk of disease.

28 The diagram shows an abnormal sperm cell.

Why would the abnormal sperm cell be unable to fertilise an egg?

A It has no acrosome so is unable to digest the jelly coat of the egg.

B It has no mitochondria so lacks energy to swim to the egg.
C It has no flagellum so cannot swim to the egg.
D It has no nucleus so cannot fuse with the egg.

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 10

29 One type of contraceptive pill contains progesterone and oestrogen. Some effects of the pill are
listed.

1 inhibit FSH production

2 inhibit LH production
3 inhibit thickening of the uterus wall

Which prevent the development and the release of an egg cell?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 only

30 Some fruit flies have orange eyes and others have red eyes.

If two orange-eyed fruit flies are crossed, their offspring always have orange eyes.

If two red-eyed fruit flies are crossed, their offspring can have orange eyes or red eyes.

What can be concluded from these observations?

A The allele for orange eyes is dominant.

B The allele for orange eyes is recessive.
C The alleles for orange and red eyes are codominant.
D This is an example of sex linkage.

31 The diagram shows a section of a flower that has been cross-pollinated.

Which statements about this flower are correct?

1 The pollen produced by this flower will be genetically different from the pollen on the
stigma.
2 The pollen was carried to the stigma by wind.
3 This flower is insect-pollinated because the stigma is enclosed by the petals.
4 The pollen was produced by another flower on the same plant.

A 1, 2 and 4 B 1 and 3 C 3 only D 2 and 4 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 11

32 A woman with normal colour vision is a carrier for the colour blindness allele (XBXb). She has a
male child with a man who has normal colour vision (XBY).

What is the chance of the male child being colour-blind?

A 0% B 25% C 50% D 100%

33 Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder which results in severe illness in homozygous
individuals. In some human populations, being heterozygous can be beneficial.

What could be the reason for this?

A Heterozygous individuals are not affected by the disorder.

B Heterozygous individuals are more resistant to malaria.
C The disorder is caused by a dominant allele.
D The disorder is sex-linked.

34 Which statement about selective breeding is correct?

A It does not involve humans.

B It involves a struggle for survival.
C It always involves only one parent.
D It involves parents that possess desirable features.

35 What is the name of an organism that obtains its energy from dead organic material?

A carnivore
B consumer
C decomposer
D herbivore

36 A herd of red deer live in a forest that contains snakes and a large variety of birds.

Which group of organisms is an example of a population?

A all the animals in the forest

B all the red deer in the forest
C all the organisms in the forest
D all the plants in the forest

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22 [Turn over

 12

37 With which kingdoms do bacteria share the same genetic code?

A animal, plant, fungus and protoctist

B animal, plant and fungus only
C animal and plant only
D animal only

38 Which process makes use of a genetically engineered organism?

A using bacteria to produce insulin

B using enzymes in biological washing powders
C using pectinase in fruit juice production
D using yeast to produce ethanol

39 What is a reason for conserving plant species?

A to absorb oxygen from the air

B to decrease rainfall
C to obtain drugs for medicinal use
D to release carbon dioxide into the air

40 The food web shows the feeding relationships in a woodland.

sparrowhawks

chaffinches
grey wood
squirrels pigeons

caterpillars

trees

If all the chaffinches in the food web die, which effect would this have?

A The amount of damage to trees will increase.

B The food supply for grey squirrels will increase.
C The number of wood pigeons will increase.
D The population of caterpillars will decrease.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/M/J/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/21
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*4052482192*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 06_0610_21/5RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 All living organisms release energy from nutrient molecules within their cells.

What is the name of this characteristic?

A growth
B nutrition
C respiration
D sensitivity

2 Which diagram shows a flower from a monocotyledon?

A B C D

3 The diagram shows a cross-section through two guard cells of a leaf.

W X

Which labelled structures would also be found in an animal cell?

A W and X B X and Y C Y and Z D Z and W

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 3

4 The diagram shows a cross-section through a leaf.

Which label shows a tissue?

5 Which statement describes the net movement of particles during diffusion?

A from higher to lower concentration down a concentration gradient

B from higher to lower concentration against a concentration gradient
C from lower to higher concentration down a concentration gradient
D from lower to higher concentration against a concentration gradient

6 The diagram shows a section through a mesophyll cell of a leaf.

Which part is partially permeable?

B
C
D

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 4

7 What are the smaller basic units of starch and glycogen molecules?

starch glycogen

A amino acids fatty acids and glycerol

B amino acids glucose
C glucose fatty acids and glycerol
D glucose glucose

8 In a length of DNA, 20% of the bases were T.

What is the percentage of base G in this length of DNA?

A 10% B 20% C 30% D 80%

9 Some terms used to describe enzyme-controlled reactions are listed.

1 catalyst
2 product
3 protein
4 substrate

Which terms describe an enzyme?

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

10 Which statement describes the effect of temperature on enzymes?

A High temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
B High temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
C Low temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
D Low temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 5

11 Tomato fruit production was measured in five different environmental conditions.

80
70
60

tomato fruit 50
production 40
/ kg per m2
30
20
10
0
1 2 3 4 5
open field unheated heated heated heated
glasshouse glasshouse glasshouse glasshouse
with carbon with an
dioxide gas artificial
supplied light source
in excess and with
carbon dioxide
gas supplied
in excess
environmental conditions

What is a correct conclusion for the data shown in the graph?

A There are no limiting factors in 1, so tomato fruit production is the lowest.

B Temperature is the limiting factor in 3.
C Carbon dioxide is the limiting factor in all five environmental conditions.
D Light is the limiting factor in 4.

12 How do the air spaces in the spongy mesophyll of a leaf help to adapt it for photosynthesis?

A They act as a store of oxygen.

B They allow carbon dioxide gas to diffuse through the leaf more rapidly.
C They increase the surface area for absorption of light energy.
D They let rainwater enter the leaf tissues.

13 What is the dietary importance of fibre in humans?

A for growth and repair of cells

B to help food move through the alimentary canal
C to maintain strong bones and teeth
D to provide energy

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 6

14 In which part of the alimentary canal does ingestion take place?

A anus
B liver
C mouth
D stomach

15 A non-woody plant stem is placed in water containing a red dye. It is left for one day and then a
section of the stem is examined using a microscope.

Which tissue is stained red?

B
C

D
A

16 The diagram shows a cross-section through a leaf.

From which cell will most water evaporate during transpiration?

C
D

17 The diagram shows the circulatory system of a fish.

X gills

heart Y

Z body

Where in the circulatory system is the oxygen concentration lowest?

A X only B X and Y C Y only D Y and Z

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 7

18 What is a function of the lymphatic system?

A absorption of glucose
B blood clotting
C circulation of body fluids
D temperature regulation

19 The graph shows the response of the body to vaccination.

X concentration
in the blood

time
vaccination

Which word should be used to replace the letter X, to complete the label on the y-axis?

A antibody
B antigen
C pathogen
D platelet

20 Which cells produce mucus?

A ciliated cells
B goblet cells
C nerve cells
D white blood cells

21 Which row shows a change that occurs during ventilation?

process thorax pressure thorax volume air movement

A expiration decreases increases in

B expiration increases decreases out
C inspiration decreases increases out
D inspiration increases decreases in

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 8

22 What is the balanced chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?

A C6H12O6  2CO2 + 6H2O

B C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O

C C6H12O6  2C2H5OH + 2CO2

D C6H12O6  2C2H5OH + 2H2O

23 Which statement correctly explains the difference in glucose concentration in the kidney tubule
between X and Y?

glomerulus X Y

kidney tubule

A The glucose concentration is higher at X than at Y because glucose moves out of the kidney
tubule by osmosis.
B The glucose concentration is higher at X than at Y because glucose has been actively
transported out of the kidney tubule.
C The glucose concentration is higher at Y than at X because glucose diffuses into the kidney
tubule.
D The glucose concentration is higher at Y than at X because glucose is actively transported
into the kidney tubule.

24 Where in the eye is the greatest concentration of cells that allow humans to see colour?

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 9

25 A scientist investigated the effect of drinking iced water on skin temperature. They drank a large
volume of iced water and monitored the temperature of their skin.

The results are shown on the graph.

37.2

37.0

36.8
skin 36.6
temperature
/ °C 36.4

36.2

36.0

35.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
time after drinking iced water / minutes

Which explanation of the change in skin temperature during the first 10 minutes is correct?

A Vasoconstriction occurred increasing blood flow to the skin.

B Vasoconstriction occurred reducing blood flow to the skin.
C Vasodilation occurred increasing blood flow to the skin.
D Vasodilation occurred reducing blood flow to the skin.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 10

26 An experiment was set up to investigate the growth of shoots in different conditions, as shown.

shoot tip
removed foil cap

direction
of light

Which diagram shows the results that would be seen a few days later?

A B

C D

27 An advisor was presented with a list of statements for a discussion group with potential parents
who were considering using in vitro fertilisation (IVF) to start a family.

Which statements about IVF are correct?

1 IVF is available to everyone.

2 IVF is 100% successful and therefore always leads to pregnancy.
3 IVF provides an opportunity for single parents to have a family.
4 IVF is not expensive and everyone can afford it.
5 Sperm or egg donation may be involved which means the couple are not always the
biological parents.

A 1, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 C 2 and 5 D 3 and 5

28 Which sequence of structures does a pollen tube grow through in a flower?

A ovary  ovule  stigma  style

B ovary  stigma  ovule  style

C stigma  style  ovary  ovule

D stigma  ovary  style  ovule

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 11

29 The diagram shows some of the events of the menstrual cycle.

In which shaded zone of the cycle would progesterone levels be the highest?

menstruation
28 / 1
A

D
the 28 days
of the human
21 menstrual 7
cycle B

C 14
ovulation

30 What is needed in the cytoplasm to make proteins at a ribosome?

A DNA and amino acids

B DNA only
C mRNA and amino acids
D mRNA only

31 Pangolins are mammals. One species of pangolin has 40 chromosomes per body cell.

How many chromosomes will a sperm cell from this species of pangolin have?

A 10 B 20 C 40 D 50

32 Which adaptation is shown in the leaves of hydrophytes?

A hairs present on the upper and lower surfaces

B contain large air spaces
C stomata present on the lower surface only
D thick cuticle present on the upper and lower surfaces

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 12

33 Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder which results in severe illness in homozygous
individuals. In some human populations, being heterozygous can be beneficial.

What could be the reason for this?

A Heterozygous individuals are not affected by the disorder.

B Heterozygous individuals are more resistant to malaria.
C The disorder is caused by a dominant allele.
D The disorder is sex-linked.

34 Which statement about selective breeding is correct?

A It does not involve humans.

B It involves a struggle for survival.
C It always involves only one parent.
D It involves parents that possess desirable features.

35 The diagram shows the water cycle. Four different processes are numbered.

4
3

1
2

Which row identifies the processes correctly?

condensation evaporation precipitation transpiration

A 1 4 3 2
B 2 1 4 3
C 3 2 1 4
D 4 3 2 1

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 13

36 A herd of red deer live in a forest that contains snakes and a large variety of birds.

Which group of organisms is an example of a population?

A all the animals in the forest

B all the red deer in the forest
C all the organisms in the forest
D all the plants in the forest

37 With which kingdoms do bacteria share the same genetic code?

A animal, plant, fungus and protoctist

B animal, plant and fungus only
C animal and plant only
D animal only

38 Which process makes use of a genetically engineered organism?

A using bacteria to produce insulin

B using enzymes in biological washing powders
C using pectinase in fruit juice production
D using yeast to produce ethanol

39 What is a reason for conserving plant species?

A to absorb oxygen from the air

B to decrease rainfall
C to obtain drugs for medicinal use
D to release carbon dioxide into the air

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22 [Turn over

 14

40 The food web shows the feeding relationships in a woodland.

sparrowhawks

chaffinches
grey wood
squirrels pigeons

caterpillars

trees

If all the chaffinches in the food web die, which effect would this have?

A The amount of damage to trees will increase.

B The food supply for grey squirrels will increase.
C The number of wood pigeons will increase.
D The population of caterpillars will decrease.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 15

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/M/J/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) May/June 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*1282658896*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 06_0610_22/5RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 All living organisms release energy from nutrient molecules within their cells.

What is the name of this characteristic?

A growth
B nutrition
C respiration
D sensitivity

2 Which diagram shows a flower from a monocotyledon?

A B C D

3 The diagram shows a cross-section through two guard cells of a leaf.

W X

Which labelled structures would also be found in an animal cell?

A W and X B X and Y C Y and Z D Z and W

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 3

4 The table shows some structures found in the human body.

Which row shows the correct level of organisation, from the simplest structure to the most
complex?

simple complex

A red blood cell heart heart muscle circulatory system

B heart muscle circulatory system red blood cell heart
C red blood cell heart muscle heart circulatory system
D heart muscle red blood cell circulatory system heart

5 By which process does oxygen move from a region of higher concentration in the alveoli to a
region of lower concentration in the blood?

A osmosis
B breathing
C diffusion
D active transport

6 The diagram shows a section through a mesophyll cell of a leaf.

Which part is partially permeable?

B
C
D

7 What are the smaller basic units of starch and glycogen molecules?

starch glycogen

A amino acids fatty acids and glycerol

B amino acids glucose
C glucose fatty acids and glycerol
D glucose glucose

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 4

8 A chromosome was analysed and found to have 6125 pairs of bases. The type of each base was
identified and 2345 of the bases were G.

How many of the bases in this chromosome are T?

A 1435 B 3780 C 6125 D 7560

9 Which type of molecule are enzymes made of?

A carbohydrates
B fats
C proteins
D vitamins

10 Which statement describes the effect of temperature on enzymes?

A High temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
B High temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
C Low temperatures denature enzymes making it difficult for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.
D Low temperatures denature enzymes making it easy for substrate molecules to fit into the
active site.

11 The statements describe some of the events that occur in a plant after light energy is absorbed
by chlorophyll.

1 converted to chemical energy

2 converted to sucrose for translocation
3 starch is stored in the roots or seeds
4 glucose is produced

In which order do these events occur?

A 1432

B 4231

C 4123

D 1423

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 5

12 A deficiency of magnesium ions can cause plant leaves to become yellow between the leaf veins.

What is the reason for this?

A increased chlorophyll production

B increased protein production
C decreased chlorophyll production
D decreased protein production

13 The table shows some different components in a balanced diet.

Which row correctly matches the components to the reasons why they are needed?

vitamin D water fats

A insulation bone growth to make haemoglobin

B bone growth transport insulation
C transport to make haemoglobin bone growth
D to make haemoglobin insulation transport

14 Which process involves the removal of material from the rectum?

A egestion
B ingestion
C chemical digestion
D mechanical digestion

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 6

15 The diagram shows a cross-section of part of a plant.

Which part of the plant is shown and what is the tissue labelled H?

plant part tissue H

A root phloem
B root xylem
C stem phloem
D stem xylem

16 The apparatus shown can be used to investigate the effect of temperature and humidity on the
rate of transpiration.

plant

pot polythene bag

soil

500 g
balance

Which set of conditions would give the highest rate of transpiration and the greatest decrease
in mass?

temperature humidity

A cool high
B cool low
C warm high
D warm low

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 7

17 People are sometimes born with a ‘hole in the heart’. This is caused by a gap in the septum, as
shown.

key
direction of
blood flow

If the gap in the septum is not repaired, it causes the person to become breathless more quickly.

What is a possible explanation for this?

A Deoxygenated blood in the left atrium mixes with oxygenated blood from the right atrium.
B Deoxygenated blood in the right atrium mixes with oxygenated blood from the left atrium.
C Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle mixes with deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle.
D Oxygenated blood in the right ventricle mixes with deoxygenated blood from the left ventricle.

18 The flow diagram shows stages in blood clotting.

components of blood vessel walls blood loss

are damaged component X
blood involved in component Y and
is converted to
clotting circulate forms a mesh pathogen
component Y
the body entry stops

What is component X?

A fibrin
B fibrinogen
C plasma
D platelet

19 What is an example of passive immunity?

A immunity against influenza after an individual has been infected with the influenza virus
B the formation of memory cells in response to a cholera infection
C giving chickenpox antibodies to people at risk of developing a severe infection
D vaccination against measles where a harmless version of the virus is given

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 8

20 What happens at the start of inspiration?

internal external
volume
intercostal intercostal diaphragm
of thorax
muscles muscles

A contract relax contracts increases

B contract relax relaxes decreases
C relax contract contracts increases
D relax contract relaxes increases

21 Germinating seeds respire aerobically to release energy that can be used for growth.

The balanced equation for aerobic respiration in seeds can be represented as shown.

Q + R  S + T

Which row gives the balanced equation for aerobic respiration in seeds?

Q R S T

A 6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2

B C6H12O6 6O2 6CO2 6H2O
C 6CO2 6O2 C6H12O6 6H2O
D C6H12O6 6H2O 6CO2 6O2

22 During vigorous exercise, lactic acid builds up in muscles leading to an oxygen debt.

Which statement describes a stage in the removal of the oxygen debt during recovery?

A Anaerobic respiration breaks down lactic acid in the muscles.

B Aerobic respiration breaks down lactic acid in the muscles.
C Anaerobic respiration breaks down lactic acid in the liver.
D Aerobic respiration breaks down lactic acid in the liver.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 9

23 The table shows the concentration of sodium ions in blood plasma, in glomerular filtrate (the
liquid that passes through the glomerulus) and in urine.

blood glomerular
urine
plasma filtrate

concentration of
sodium ions 141 141 127
/ arbitrary units

What is the percentage concentration of sodium ions reabsorbed in the kidney tubules?

A 0.0% B 9.9% C 10.9% D 14.0%

24 Which effects does adrenaline have on blood glucose concentration and pulse rate?

blood glucose
pulse rate
concentration

A increases reduces
B increases increases
C reduces reduces
D reduces increases

25 The concentration of glucose in the blood is controlled by negative feedback.

When blood glucose concentration falls too low, the ......1...... releases the hormone ......2...... .

This hormone causes cells to break down ......3...... to glucose, which is released into the blood.

Which words correctly complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3

A liver glucagon glycogen

B liver glycogen glucagon
C pancreas glucagon glycogen
D pancreas glycogen glucagon

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 10

26 A young maize seedling is grown from a seed. The seedling is placed on its side and left in a
room with a light source for several days.

direction of light

root shoot

What will happen to the young shoot?

A Auxin becomes concentrated in the lower part of the shoot and the shoot grows towards
the light.
B Auxin becomes concentrated in the upper part of the shoot and the shoot grows towards
the light.
C Auxin is evenly distributed in the shoot and the shoot grows towards the light.
D Auxin is evenly distributed in the shoot and the shoot grows away from the light.

27 What is an adaptive feature of sperm?

A large stores of energy

B enzymes in the acrosome
C jelly coating that changes after fertilisation
D diploid nucleus

28 The list contains statements about sexual and asexual reproduction in plants.

1 It promotes genetic variation.

2 It requires self-pollination.
3 It requires meiosis.
4 It produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
5 It allows the population to increase rapidly.

Which statements describe asexual reproduction in plants?

A 1, 2 and 5 B 1 and 2 only C 4 and 5 D 3 and 4

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 11

29 The graph shows the levels of two hormones during a 28-day menstrual cycle.

X
concentration Y
of hormone

0 7 14 21 28
time / days

Which hormones are represented by X and Y on the graph?

X Y

A FSH oestrogen
B LH FSH
C oestrogen progesterone
D progesterone LH

30 Before meiosis takes place, a cell has 24 chromosomes.

How many chromosomes will be found in each of the cells that are produced by meiosis?

A 6 B 12 C 24 D 48

31 When a horse with red hair (genotype HRHR) breeds with a horse with white hair (genotype
HWHW) the offspring have red and white hair (genotype HRHW). These horses are described as
having roan-coloured hair. This is an example of codominance.

When two horses with roan-coloured hair are bred together, what is the chance of their offspring
also having roan-coloured hair?

A 100% B 75% C 50% D 25%

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 12

32 The diagram shows a hydrophyte.

air

water

soil

What is an adaptive feature of this hydrophyte?

A no stomata on the upper surface or the lower surface of the leaves

B a network of large air spaces inside the leaves
C leaf stalks containing many xylem vessels for support
D a thick waxy cuticle on the lower surface of the leaves

33 Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder which results in severe illness in homozygous
individuals. In some human populations, being heterozygous can be beneficial.

What could be the reason for this?

A Heterozygous individuals are not affected by the disorder.

B Heterozygous individuals are more resistant to malaria.
C The disorder is caused by a dominant allele.
D The disorder is sex-linked.

34 Which statement about selective breeding is correct?

A It does not involve humans.

B It involves a struggle for survival.
C It always involves only one parent.
D It involves parents that possess desirable features.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 13

35 The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.

carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere

X X
X
fossil
consumers producers
fuels

decomposers

Which process is shown by the arrows labelled X?

A combustion
B fossilisation
C photosynthesis
D respiration

36 A herd of red deer live in a forest that contains snakes and a large variety of birds.

Which group of organisms is an example of a population?

A all the animals in the forest

B all the red deer in the forest
C all the organisms in the forest
D all the plants in the forest

37 With which kingdoms do bacteria share the same genetic code?

A animal, plant, fungus and protoctist

B animal, plant and fungus only
C animal and plant only
D animal only

38 Which process makes use of a genetically engineered organism?

A using bacteria to produce insulin

B using enzymes in biological washing powders
C using pectinase in fruit juice production
D using yeast to produce ethanol

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22 [Turn over

 14

39 What is a reason for conserving plant species?

A to absorb oxygen from the air

B to decrease rainfall
C to obtain drugs for medicinal use
D to release carbon dioxide into the air

40 The food web shows the feeding relationships in a woodland.

sparrowhawks

chaffinches
grey wood
squirrels pigeons

caterpillars

trees

If all the chaffinches in the food web die, which effect would this have?

A The amount of damage to trees will increase.

B The food supply for grey squirrels will increase.
C The number of wood pigeons will increase.
D The population of caterpillars will decrease.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 15

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/M/J/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) February/March 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*9721011037*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 20 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 03_0610_22/2RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 The diagrams show a test-tube containing pond water. The green colour is caused by
microorganisms that have chloroplasts.

oxygen bubble

pale green dark green

pond water area

light off light on

Which characteristics of living organisms are shown?

A excretion, growth and movement

B movement, nutrition and sensitivity
C nutrition, reproduction and respiration
D reproduction, sensitivity and growth

2 The key shows some features of living organisms that can be used to place them into one of
three different kingdoms.

living organism

nucleus present no nucleus

kingdom Z
no cell wall cell wall present

cell wall made of cellulose

yes no

kingdom X kingdom Y

Which row correctly identifies these three kingdoms?

X Y Z

A fungi plant prokaryote

B fungi plant protoctist
C plant fungi prokaryote
D plant fungi protoctist

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 3

3 The diagram shows a mitochondrion. The scale bar shows the actual size of the mitochondrion.

1 μm

The diagram is 70 mm long.

What is the magnification of the diagram?

A 0.0007 B 70 C 7000 D 70 000

4 Two types of cell, one animal and one plant, were examined using a light microscope.

Which row shows the correct combination of structures that would be observed in the cells?

cell structure observed

animal cell plant cell

A chloroplast membrane vacuole cytoplasm

B cytoplasm nucleus chloroplast membrane
C membrane cell wall cytoplasm nucleus
D nucleus chloroplast cell wall membrane

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 4

5 The diagram shows a cross-section through a leaf.

Which arrow shows the direction of diffusion of carbon dioxide on a sunny day?

6 The diagram shows a plant cell after it has been submerged in a solution, P, for 20 minutes.

Which row describes the water potential of solution P at the start of the experiment and the
condition of the cell after 20 minutes?

water potential of solution P condition of the cell

at the start of the experiment after 20 minutes

A higher than the inside of the cell plasmolysed and turgid

B higher than the inside of the cell under high turgor pressure
C lower than the inside of the cell plasmolysed and flaccid
D the same as the inside of the cell under low turgor pressure

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 5

7 Which row is correct for a positive food test for vitamin C?

colour of the
final colour of the
food test reagent heat required
food test reagent
at the start

A colourless yes purple

B blue no colourless
C colourless no blue
D blue yes orange

8 In which molecule are cross-links formed between bases?

A carbohydrate
B DNA
C fat
D glycogen

9 What controls the speed of chemical reactions in all living cells?

A enzymes
B hormones
C ions
D vitamins

10 Enzymes have an optimum temperature at which they are most active.

Which row explains why enzyme activity decreases if the temperature is not optimum?

below optimum temperature above optimum temperature

A enzymes denature enzymes denature

B enzymes denature enzymes have less kinetic energy
C enzymes have less kinetic energy enzymes denature
D enzymes have less kinetic energy enzymes have less kinetic energy

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 6

11 A piece of foil was placed over one green and white leaf on a plant.

white

green

foil

The plant was placed under a bright light for 24 hours and then tested for starch with iodine
solution.

Which diagram shows the areas of the leaf that would stain blue-black with iodine solution?

A B C D

12 The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

rate of
photosynthesis
X

light intensity

Which environmental factor is limiting the rate of photosynthesis at X on the graph?

A carbon dioxide concentration

B light intensity
C oxygen concentration
D temperature

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 7

13 Which condition can be caused by a lack of fibre in the diet?

A constipation
B obesity
C scurvy
D starvation

14 In which test-tube will the breakdown of fat be fastest?

A B C D

milk, lipase milk and lipase milk and milk, boiled lipase
and bile bile and bile

15 The diagrams show stages in the passage of water through a plant.

Which arrow shows water moving in the form of water vapour?

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 8

16 The diagram shows some potato tubers. New shoots are beginning to grow.

Sucrose is being translocated from source to sink.

shoot

tuber

soil

Which statement is correct?

A The tuber is a sink.

B The soil is a sink.
C The shoots are sources.
D The shoots are sinks.

17 The diagram shows a section through the heart.

R
Q

What is the function of the structure labelled Q?

A It controls the amount of blood leaving the heart.

B It increases the pressure in part R.
C It prevents backflow of blood into part P.
D It prevents blood flowing into the vena cava.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 9

18 During the process of blood clotting, damage to blood vessels stimulates L, and M is converted
to N.

What are L, M and N?

L M N

A fibrin platelets fibrinogen

B fibrinogen platelets fibrin
C platelets fibrin fibrinogen
D platelets fibrinogen fibrin

19 Which statement about passive immunity is correct?

A Antibodies are acquired.

B It gives a long-term effect.
C It is inherited.
D Memory cells are produced.

20 Compared with inspired air, which description of expired air is correct?

A It has less oxygen and less carbon dioxide.

B It has less oxygen and more carbon dioxide.
C It has more oxygen and less carbon dioxide.
D It has more oxygen and more carbon dioxide.

21 Which row shows the features of the gas exchange surface in humans?

surface area thickness

A large thick
B large thin
C small thick
D small thin

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 10

22 Yeast is placed inside a container full of a glucose solution with no air.

Which word equation summarises the process that takes place inside the container?

A glucose  alcohol + carbon dioxide

B glucose  lactic acid

C glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water

D glucose + oxygen  alcohol

23 Which process uses energy released in respiration?

A diffusion
B evaporation
C growth
D osmosis

24 Which term describes the removal of the nitrogen-containing part of amino acids to form urea?

A assimilation
B deamination
C denaturation
D digestion

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 11

25 Which numbered parts form the central nervous system?

A 1 only B 1 and 2 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 12

26 The diagram shows a section through the eye of an octopus. Octopuses have eyes that are
similar in structure and function to human eyes.

1
7
2
6

Which row identifies the structures of the octopus eye?

pupil cornea lens iris

A 4 6 7 3
B 5 1 2 3
C 4 1 7 5
D 5 6 2 4

27 A person eats a large bowl of rice. Rice contains starch.

What happens to the amounts of insulin and glucagon in their body?

insulin glucagon

A decreases decreases
B decreases increases
C increases decreases
D increases increases

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 13

28 A study investigated the effect on arm muscle surface area of taking testosterone and doing
exercise. The participants in the study were given either testosterone or a placebo. The placebo
does not contain any testosterone.

The bar chart shows the results of the study.

600
average change 400
in arm muscle
surface area / mm2 200
0
placebo testosterone placebo testosterone

no exercise exercise

Which conclusion about the data in the graph is correct?

A Exercise has no effect on arm muscle surface area.

B No exercise and not taking testosterone has the greatest effect on arm muscle surface area.
C Exercise has the same effect on arm muscle surface area as no exercise.
D Taking testosterone increases arm muscle surface area.

29 Which statement about reproduction is correct?

A All living species can reproduce asexually.

B Gametes are needed for asexual reproduction.
C Only organisms that are separated from other organisms of the same species can reproduce
asexually.
D Some organisms reproduce asexually and sexually.

30 What will happen if a woman smokes during pregnancy?

A Nicotine can cross the placenta and affect the fetus.

B Nicotine can cause COPD in the lungs of the fetus.
C The woman can become addicted to carbon monoxide.
D Carbon monoxide can cause cancer in the lungs of the fetus.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 14

31 The graph shows the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle.

Which curve on the graph represents the hormone LH?

C
D
B
concentration
of hormone A

0 1 2 3 4
time / weeks

32 What happens to the mass of DNA in a nucleus before mitosis occurs?

A It doubles.
B It halves.
C It stays the same.
D It halves and then halves again.

33 In a species of pea plant, height is controlled by one gene. The allele for tall is dominant to the
allele for short.

A test cross is done to identify the genotype of a tall pea plant.

The table shows the possible phenotypes of the offspring and a description of the genotypes of
the tall parent pea plant.

description of the
phenotypes
genotype of the tall
of the offspring
parent pea plant

1 all tall heterozygous

2 all tall homozygous dominant
3 all short homozygous dominant
4 tall and short heterozygous

If a large number of offspring are produced, which rows are possible?

A 1 and 3 B 1 only C 2 and 4 D 2 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 15

34 Which statement about variation is correct?

A Continuous variation results in few phenotypes with no intermediates.

B Discontinuous variation results in few phenotypes with no intermediates.
C Phenotypic variation is caused by environmental factors only.
D Phenotypic variation is caused by genetic factors only.

35 Some plants have small leaves with thick waxy cuticles.

Which row describes the effect of these features on water loss and the type of plant that has
these features?

effect on
type of plant
water loss

A decreases hydrophyte
B decreases xerophyte
C increases hydrophyte
D increases xerophyte

36 Some plants of different species can be crossed with each other to form hybrids that have a
diploid number different from either of the two parent species.

The diagram shows a cross between plants with different diploid numbers.

species 1 species 2
diploid number 70 diploid number X

hybrid zygote
diploid number 64

What is the diploid number of species 2?

A 29 B 32 C 35 D 58

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22 [Turn over

 16

37 The diagram shows some of the stages involved in the nitrogen cycle.

atmospheric nitrogen

5 1

nitrate

2
4

3
ammonium compounds plant protein

Which processes are carried out at each stage?

nitrogen
absorption decomposition denitrification nitrification
fixation

A 2 4 5 1 3
B 2 3 1 4 5
C 1 5 2 3 4
D 1 2 3 5 4

38 Genetically engineered bacteria are used to produce human proteins.

Into which component of the bacterial cell is human DNA inserted to produce human proteins?

A cell wall
B nucleus
C plasmid
D rough endoplasmic reticulum

39 The sugar in milk is digested by an enzyme.

Which row matches the name of the enzyme with the sugar it digests?

enzyme sugar in milk

A lactase glucose
B lactose lactase
C lactase lactose
D lactose sucrose

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 17

40 The list shows activities that happen in a forest.

1 cutting down only selected trees

2 educating people about forests
3 replanting trees
4 cutting down trees to grow crop plants

Which activities are likely to ensure the forest is used sustainably?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2 and 3 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 18

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 20

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/F/M/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*5176895387*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 11_0610_22/4RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 Which process provides an organism with the raw materials needed for tissue repair?

A excretion
B growth
C nutrition
D respiration

2 Which name is given to a group of individuals that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring?

A a genus
B a kingdom
C a species
D an organ system

3 Root hair cells are found on plant roots.

Which feature is present in a root hair cell but not in a sperm cell?

A cell membrane
B cell wall
C chloroplasts
D cytoplasm

4 The cells listed have specialised structures that allow them to carry out their functions.

1 ciliated cell
2 nerve cell
3 root cortex cell
4 sperm cell

Which cells have structures that can move?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 3

5 Some examples of substances moving across membranes are listed.

1 glucose molecules into the epithelium that lines the small intestine
2 nitrate ions from a dilute solution in soil into a more concentrated solution in root hair
cells
3 water molecules from mesophyll cells into the air spaces of a leaf

For which examples must oxygen be present?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

6 Plant tissue is placed in a solution.

What would cause plasmolysis of the plant cells?

1 the external solution having a higher water potential than the plant cells
2 the external solution having a lower water potential than the plant cells
3 water moving out of the plant cells
4 water moving into the plant cells

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

7 DNA is a molecule consisting of two linked strands.

Part of a single strand of DNA has the sequence of bases shown.

ACCGTTGAA

What is the sequence of bases in the second strand?

A ACCGTTGAA
B GTTACCAGG
C TGGCAACTT
D CAATGGTCC

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22 [Turn over

 4

8 The graph shows the concentration of a substance during the course of an enzyme-controlled
reaction.

concentration

time

Which substance is this?

A enzyme
B enzyme-substrate complex
C product
D substrate

9 The graph shows the effect of temperature on the activity of an enzyme.

enzyme
activity

0 20 40 60 80
temperature / °C

At which temperature do effective collisions happen most frequently?

A 15 C B 40 C C 60 C D 80 C

10 Which statement about enzymes is correct?

A They are made of carbohydrates.

B Their activity is unaffected by pH.
C They are used up during the reaction.
D They have a complementary shape to their substrate.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 5

11 Two test-tubes were filled with hydrogencarbonate indicator. An aquatic plant was placed into
each test-tube and the test-tubes were sealed with bungs, as shown.

hydrogencarbonate box that

lamp excludes light
indicator

aquatic plants
test-tube X test-tube Y

Test-tube X was illuminated and test-tube Y was kept in the dark. The results are shown.

colour of the hydrogencarbonate indicator

test-tube at the start of at the end of
the investigation the investigation

X orange red
Y orange yellow

What causes the colour changes in the hydrogencarbonate indicator in X and Y?

X Y
A a decrease in the an increase in the
concentration of carbon dioxide concentration of carbon dioxide
B a decrease in the an increase in the
concentration of oxygen concentration of oxygen
C an increase in the a decrease in the
concentration of carbon dioxide concentration of carbon dioxide
D an increase in the a decrease in the
concentration of oxygen concentration of oxygen

12 The substances listed are found in the leaf of a plant.

Which substance is obtained from the soil?

A carbon dioxide
B chlorophyll
C glucose
D mineral ions

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22 [Turn over

 6

13 The cholera bacterium produces toxins that cause chloride ions to be secreted into the small
intestine.

What is the immediate effect of this on the water potential of blood in the intestinal capillaries, and
on the water potential of the contents of the small intestine?

water potential
blood in contents of
capillaries small intestine

A lowered lowered
B lowered raised
C raised lowered
D raised raised

14 The graph shows the concentration of maltose in different parts of the alimentary canal.

maltose
concentration

mouth stomach small intestine

distance through the alimentary canal

What causes the change in concentration at X?

A absorption of maltose
B action of amylase
C action of maltase
D assimilation of maltose

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 7

15 The diagram shows a bean seedling soon after it has germinated.

Where is most water absorbed?

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22 [Turn over

 8

16 Scientists investigate the movement of substances in a plant.

They cut a ring of tissue from the stem.

Removing the tissue removes some of the transport vessels found around the edge of the stem.

A few days later they notice swelling above the area where the tissue has been removed.

leaves

tissue
removed time swelling

roots

What causes the swelling?

A Phloem vessels have been removed and sucrose cannot move to the sink.
B Phloem vessels have been removed and sucrose cannot move to the source.
C Xylem vessels have been removed and minerals cannot move to the sink.
D Xylem vessels have been removed and minerals cannot move to the source.

17 The diagram shows the outside of a human heart.

Which structure is a coronary artery?

A B
C

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 9

18 The photomicrograph shows some different types of blood cell.

What is the function of the cell labelled X?

A clotting blood
B phagocytosis
C producing antibodies
D transporting oxygen

19 Campylobacter is a bacterium that can cause food poisoning.

Which word describes Campylobacter?

A antibody
B disease
C pathogen
D symptom

20 What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in expired air?

A 0.04% B 4% C 16% D 21%

21 Which process could continue without energy from respiration?

A active transport
B growth
C osmosis
D protein synthesis

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22 [Turn over

 10

22 Which row shows the products of anaerobic respiration in humans and yeast?

products in humans products in yeast

A lactic acid only alcohol only

B lactic acid only alcohol and carbon dioxide
C lactic acid and carbon dioxide alcohol only
D lactic acid and carbon dioxide alcohol and carbon dioxide

23 A person eats foods containing proteins. Some of the amino acids in the proteins are converted
to urea and excreted from the body.

1 2 3
proteins amino acids urea urine

Which row identifies the sites of processes 1, 2 and 3?

site of process 1 site of process 2 site of process 3

A stomach liver kidney

B liver kidney bladder
C stomach kidney liver
D liver stomach kidney

24 What is a response to a low concentration of glucose in the blood?

A Glucagon will cause the body to convert glucose into glycogen.

B Glucagon will cause the body to convert glycogen into glucose.
C Insulin will cause the body to convert glucose into glycogen.
D Insulin will cause the body to convert glycogen into glucose.

25 Which hormone causes an increase in breathing rate, an increase in heart rate and the widening
of pupils?

A insulin
B adrenaline
C oestrogen
D testosterone

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 11

26 Which row about tropic responses is correct?

gravitropism phototropism

A root grows away from gravity shoot grows away from light source
B root grows away from gravity shoot grows towards light source
C root grows towards gravity shoot grows away from light source
D root grows towards gravity shoot grows towards light source

27 What is the definition of a drug?

A a substance produced by a gland that is carried in the blood and alters the activity of target
organs
B a substance produced by white blood cells that is carried in the blood and destroys bacteria
and viruses
C a substance taken into the body that modifies or affects chemical reactions carried out in the
body
D a substance that increases the rate of chemical reactions in the body and is not changed by
the reaction

28 What is the sequence of events in sexual reproduction in plants?

A growth of pollen tube  fertilisation  pollination

B growth of pollen tube  pollination  fertilisation

C pollination  fertilisation  growth of pollen tube

D pollination  growth of pollen tube  fertilisation

29 Which statement describes passive immunity?

A the process of antigen production in the body

B defence against pathogens by antibodies acquired from another individual
C the type of immunity that results from vaccination
D immunity that results in the production of memory cells

30 What happens to the number of chromosomes when a cell divides by meiosis?

A doubles from diploid to haploid

B doubles from haploid to diploid
C halves from diploid to haploid
D halves from haploid to diploid

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22 [Turn over

 12

31 A sex-linked condition is caused by a recessive allele. A healthy male and female are both
unaffected by the condition but the female has one copy of the recessive allele.

What is the chance of their offspring being affected by the sex-linked condition?

A 50% of all their offspring

B 100% of male offspring and 0% of female offspring
C 25% of all their offspring
D 50% of male offspring and 25% of female offspring

32 The diagram shows the unspecialised cells of a mammalian embryo soon after fertilisation.

What is the correct description of these cells?

A embryo cells undergoing meiosis

B gametes undergoing mitosis
C stem cells undergoing mitosis
D zygote undergoing meiosis

33 Which feature is a leaf adaptation for a xerophyte?

A hair-like structures on the leaves

B large surface area
C many stomata
D thin waxy cuticle

34 What is an example of evolution?

A the genetic engineering of bacteria to produce human insulin

B the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
C the changes made to livestock as a result of artificial selection
D the production of lactose-free milk

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 13

35 The diagram shows the flow of energy through living organisms.

energy from photosynthesis energy feeding energy in

the Sun in plants animals

Which term should be placed in both boxes to complete the diagram?

A chemical
B heat
C kinetic
D light

36 The diagram shows the nitrogen cycle in the ocean.

Which stage represents nitrification?

atmosphere
nitrogen A

nitrate
B
upper part D
phytoplankton
of the sea
with sunlight
zooplankton
and fish

lower part ammonia

nitrate
of the sea
without sunlight C

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22 [Turn over

 14

37 The graph shows how much penicillin is produced by the fungus Penicillium in a fermenter. It also
shows the concentrations of sugars, ammonium ions and Penicillium. Penicillium uses sugars as
a food source and needs ammonium ions.

penicillin
sugars

concentration
Penicillium
ammonium ions

time

What does the graph show about the conditions needed for penicillin production?

A A high concentration of ammonium ions must be maintained.

B Most penicillin is produced when nutrient concentrations are low.
C Penicillium cannot produce penicillin when its concentration decreases.
D Sugars must be added constantly to the fermenter.

38 The list shows some of the steps in the production of human insulin by genetic engineering.

1 The human insulin gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid using DNA ligase.
2 A recombinant plasmid is inserted into a bacterium.
3 The bacterium containing the recombinant plasmid replicates.
4 The insulin gene is removed from human DNA using a restriction enzyme.

What is the correct sequence of these steps?

A 1243

B 2431

C 3214

D 4123

39 Deforestation results in an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

What is the correct explanation?

A There is less decay.

B There is less photosynthesis.
C There is less respiration.
D There is less transpiration.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 15

40 Which definition of sustainable development is correct?

A providing for the needs of an increasing human population without harming the environment
B using a resource more quickly than it can be replaced
C using increasing areas of land for crops, livestock production and housing
D conservation of endangered species by captive breeding programmes and seed banks

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/22/O/N/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/23
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*3591968192*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 11_0610_23/4RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 Which process provides an organism with the raw materials needed for tissue repair?

A excretion
B growth
C nutrition
D respiration

2 Which name is given to a group of individuals that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring?

A a genus
B a kingdom
C a species
D an organ system

3 Root hair cells are found on plant roots.

Which feature is present in a root hair cell but not in a sperm cell?

A cell membrane
B cell wall
C chloroplasts
D cytoplasm

4 What is an example of a tissue?

A a chloroplast
B the palisade mesophyll
C a neurone
D the pancreas

5 Some examples of substances moving across membranes are listed.

1 glucose molecules into the epithelium that lines the small intestine
2 nitrate ions from a dilute solution in soil into a more concentrated solution in root hair
cells
3 water molecules from mesophyll cells into the air spaces of a leaf

For which examples must oxygen be present?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 3

6 In which diagram would most oxygen molecules diffuse across the membrane per minute?

A B
30 °C 70 °C 30 °C 70 °C

key
membrane
C D oxygen molecules
30 °C 70 °C 30 °C 70 °C

7 The list shows some statements about enzymes.

1 They all contain the element nitrogen.

2 They are proteins.
3 They can be denatured by cold temperatures.
4 Their specificity is due to the complementary shapes of the active site and the
substrate.

Which statements are correct?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 2 and 4 only D 3 and 4

8 Which statement about the structure of DNA is correct?

A DNA contains six types of base.

B DNA contains three strands coiled to form a helix.
C DNA is made of a chain of amino acids.
D DNA has two strands with cross-links between pairs of bases.

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22 [Turn over

 4

9 A doctor tested the urine of four patients for both glucose and protein. The colours of the urine
samples after testing are shown in the table.

Which patient’s urine contained both protein and glucose?

colour after colour after

testing with testing with
biuret solution Benedict’s solution

A blue brick red

B blue blue
C purple brick red
D purple blue

10 The equation shows the digestion of protein to amino acids.

protease
protein amino acids

In the equation, what is protease?

A a catalyst

B a product
C a solvent
D a substrate

11 The graph shows the effect of increasing light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

rate of
photosynthesis X

light intensity

What are the limiting factors at X and Y?

X Y

A carbon dioxide concentration carbon dioxide concentration

B carbon dioxide concentration light intensity
C light intensity carbon dioxide concentration
D light intensity light intensity

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 5

12 The substances listed are found in the leaf of a plant.

Which substance is obtained from the soil?

A carbon dioxide
B chlorophyll
C glucose
D mineral ions

13 The cholera bacterium produces toxins that cause chloride ions to be secreted into the small
intestine.

What is the immediate effect of this on the water potential of blood in the intestinal capillaries, and
on the water potential of the contents of the small intestine?

water potential
blood in contents of
capillaries small intestine

A lowered lowered
B lowered raised
C raised lowered
D raised raised

14 The graph shows the concentration of maltose in different parts of the alimentary canal.

maltose
concentration

mouth stomach small intestine

distance through the alimentary canal

What causes the change in concentration at X?

A absorption of maltose
B action of amylase
C action of maltase
D assimilation of maltose

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22 [Turn over

 6

15 The diagram shows a bean seedling soon after it has germinated.

Where is most water absorbed?

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 7

16 Scientists investigate the movement of substances in a plant.

They cut a ring of tissue from the stem.

Removing the tissue removes some of the transport vessels found around the edge of the stem.

A few days later they notice swelling above the area where the tissue has been removed.

leaves

tissue
removed time swelling

roots

What causes the swelling?

A Phloem vessels have been removed and sucrose cannot move to the sink.
B Phloem vessels have been removed and sucrose cannot move to the source.
C Xylem vessels have been removed and minerals cannot move to the sink.
D Xylem vessels have been removed and minerals cannot move to the source.

17 The diagram shows the outside of a human heart.

Which structure is a coronary artery?

A B
C

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22 [Turn over

 8

18 The diagrams represent blood flow in the circulatory systems of fish and humans.

fish circulation human circulation

gills
body
4
1 2 lungs
heart 5
6
heart
3 body

In the fish circulation and the human circulation, where is the oxygen concentration highest?

fish human
circulation circulation

A 1 4
B 1 5
C 2 4
D 3 6

19 Campylobacter is a bacterium that can cause food poisoning.

Which word describes Campylobacter?

A antibody
B disease
C pathogen
D symptom

20 What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in expired air?

A 0.04% B 4% C 16% D 21%

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 9

21 Which actions use energy released from respiration?

1 muscle contraction
2 protein synthesis
3 cell division
4 transmitting nerve impulses

A 1, 2, 3 and 4
B 1, 2 and 4 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 3 and 4 only

22 What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

A glucose + oxygen  lactic acid

B glucose  carbon dioxide

C glucose + carbon dioxide  alcohol

D glucose  lactic acid

23 Which statement about the formation of urea is correct?

A Urea is formed in the kidneys from excess amino acids.

B Urea is formed in the liver from excess amino acids.
C Urea is formed in the kidneys from excess fatty acids.
D Urea is formed in the liver from excess fatty acids.

24 What is a response to a low concentration of glucose in the blood?

A Glucagon will cause the body to convert glucose into glycogen.

B Glucagon will cause the body to convert glycogen into glucose.
C Insulin will cause the body to convert glucose into glycogen.
D Insulin will cause the body to convert glycogen into glucose.

25 Which endocrine gland secretes insulin?

A adrenal
B ovary
C pancreas
D testis

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22 [Turn over

 10

26 Which factors affect the growth of plants?

A gravity and light only

B gravity, light and temperature
C gravity and temperature only
D light and temperature only

27 The table shows the recommended daily amounts (RDA) of some nutrients for a person with
special dietary requirements, and their actual intake of those nutrients.

dietary RDA for

actual intake
component this person

carbohydrate / g 260 265

protein / g 44 41
fat / g 33 32
vitamin C / mg 60 5
vitamin D / g 10 11
fibre / g 26 27
iron / mg 15 15
calcium / mg 700 710

What would the person be at risk of developing if they continued with the same daily intake of
these nutrients?

A constipation
B coronary heart disease
C obesity
D scurvy

28 What are advantages of using sexual reproduction to produce crop plants?

1 It produces genetic variation to help breed new varieties of crop plant.

2 It ensures that crops have the identical characteristics.
3 It quickly produces many identical copies of a plant.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 only D 2 and 3 only

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 11

29 Where is the hormone progesterone produced?

1 ovaries
2 placenta
3 uterus

A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

30 Which row correctly describes mitosis?

number of
new cells are duplication of
chromosomes in a
genetically identical chromosomes
daughter cell compared
to the parent cell occurs
to the parent cell

A no before mitosis same

B no during mitosis halved
C yes before mitosis same
D yes during mitosis halved

31 The diagram shows the flow of energy through a food chain.

1
5

2 4 6 7

Which row correctly labels this energy flow diagram?

chemical
chemical chemical energy
energy loss energy in
energy in energy in loss by
by excretion tertiary
producers decomposers respiration
consumers

A 2 8 5 3 7
B 1 7 5 3 6
C 2 8 3 5 7
D 1 7 3 5 6

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22 [Turn over

 12

32 A man and a woman have four children. The diagram shows the blood groups of the children.

father mother

child 1 child 2 child 3 child 4

group A group AB group O group O

What are the possible genotypes of the father and mother?

A IAIA and IBIo

B IAIB and IoIo
C IAIo and IBIB
D IAIo and IBIo

33 How do the leaves of hydrophytes differ from those of xerophytes?

A more hairs on the surface of the leaves

B smaller total surface area
C stomata on the undersides of the leaves
D thinner cuticle

34 Broccoli and cauliflower are crop plants that have been produced from a common wild plant.

Which process would be used to produce the broccoli and cauliflower plants from wild plants?

A artificial selection
B competition
C evolution
D natural selection

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 13

35 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

nitrogen in the
atmosphere

bacterium X

nitrates in soil

Which process in the cycle is performed by bacterium X?

A decomposition
B nitrification
C nitrogen fixation
D denitrification

36 The graph shows changes in the population size of a microorganism growing in a fermenter.

What is the exponential phase?

A B C D

population
size

time

37 Bacteria are useful in genetic engineering because they possess plasmids.

Which statement describes the importance of a plasmid?

A It is a circle of DNA and human genes can be inserted into it.

B It is the nucleus of the bacterium and human genes can be inserted into it.
C It can be destroyed and replaced with human insulin.
D It is a circle of DNA and human insulin can be inserted into it.

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22 [Turn over

 14

38 Which statement is correct?

A DNA ligase is used to cut DNA.

B DNA ligase is used to make proteins.
C Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA.
D Restriction enzymes are used to make proteins.

39 What can reduce the occurrence of famine?

A increasing population size

B long periods of drought
C poverty
D equal distribution of food

40 What is a consequence of deforestation?

A flooding due to reduced transpiration by trees

B increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere due to increased photosynthesis
C reduced carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere due to increased decomposition of
dead trees
D reduced oxygen concentration in the atmosphere due to reduced respiration of trees

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 15

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 16

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/23/O/N/22

 Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/21
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2022
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*9998044581*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.

This document has 20 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 11_0610_21/4RP
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
 2

1 Which process provides an organism with the raw materials needed for tissue repair?

A excretion
B growth
C nutrition
D respiration

2 Which name is given to a group of individuals that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring?

A a genus
B a kingdom
C a species
D an organ system

3 Root hair cells are found on plant roots.

Which feature is present in a root hair cell but not in a sperm cell?

A cell membrane
B cell wall
C chloroplasts
D cytoplasm

4 The diagram shows a cross-section of part of a leaf.

Which type of cell carries out the most photosynthesis?

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 3

5 Some examples of substances moving across membranes are listed.

1 glucose molecules into the epithelium that lines the small intestine
2 nitrate ions from a dilute solution in soil into a more concentrated solution in root hair
cells
3 water molecules from mesophyll cells into the air spaces of a leaf

For which examples must oxygen be present?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

6 The graph shows how the turgor pressure inside a plant cell varies when the cell is placed in
external solutions of different concentrations.

turgor pressure
inside cell

concentration of external solution

What is the state of the cell at point X?

A It has gained water and is flaccid.

B It has gained water and is turgid.
C It has lost water and is flaccid.
D It has lost water and is turgid.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22 [Turn over

 4

7 The diagram shows a length of DNA.

What is the sequence of bases in the unlabelled strand of DNA, starting from the top of the
diagram?

A CGTACA B TACGTG C GCTAGA D ATGCAC

8 Amylase and pepsin are digestive enzymes. The shapes of their active sites are different.

What causes the difference in the shapes of their active sites?

A They are produced by different parts of the digestive system.

B They have different pH ranges.
C They contain different sequences of amino acids.
D They are made of different proportions of the bases A, T, C and G.

9 The rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction decreases when the temperature falls below the
optimum.

Some possible reasons why it slows down are listed.

1 The enzyme molecules are denatured.

2 The molecules have less kinetic energy.
3 The shapes of the substrate molecules are changed.
4 There are less frequent collisions between molecules.

Which reasons cause the reaction to slow down?

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 5

10 Which description of an enzyme-catalysed reaction is correct?

A The substrate binds to an enzyme with the same shape and a product is formed.
B The product binds to an enzyme with the same shape and a substrate is formed.
C The product binds to an enzyme with a complementary shape and a substrate is formed.
D The substrate binds to an enzyme with a complementary shape and a product is formed.

11 Four test-tubes are set up as shown. The test-tubes are kept at 20 C in a water-bath, in the light,
for two hours.

In which test-tube does the hydrogencarbonate indicator turn yellow?

A B C D

black
paper

equal volumes of red

hydrogencarbonate indicator

12 The substances listed are found in the leaf of a plant.

Which substance is obtained from the soil?

A carbon dioxide
B chlorophyll
C glucose
D mineral ions

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22 [Turn over

 6

13 The cholera bacterium produces toxins that cause chloride ions to be secreted into the small
intestine.

What is the immediate effect of this on the water potential of blood in the intestinal capillaries, and
on the water potential of the contents of the small intestine?

water potential
blood in contents of
capillaries small intestine

A lowered lowered
B lowered raised
C raised lowered
D raised raised

14 The graph shows the concentration of maltose in different parts of the alimentary canal.

maltose
concentration

mouth stomach small intestine

distance through the alimentary canal

What causes the change in concentration at X?

A absorption of maltose
B action of amylase
C action of maltase
D assimilation of maltose

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 7

15 The diagram shows a bean seedling soon after it has germinated.

Where is most water absorbed?

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22 [Turn over

 8

16 Scientists investigate the movement of substances in a plant.

They cut a ring of tissue from the stem.

Removing the tissue removes some of the transport vessels found around the edge of the stem.

A few days later they notice swelling above the area where the tissue has been removed.

leaves

tissue
removed time swelling

roots

What causes the swelling?

A Phloem vessels have been removed and sucrose cannot move to the sink.
B Phloem vessels have been removed and sucrose cannot move to the source.
C Xylem vessels have been removed and minerals cannot move to the sink.
D Xylem vessels have been removed and minerals cannot move to the source.

17 The diagram shows the outside of a human heart.

Which structure is a coronary artery?

A B
C

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 9

18 What happens in the heart when blood flows from the atria to the ventricles?

atria atrioventricular ventricle

muscles valves muscles

A contract close relax

B contract open relax
C relax close contract
D relax open contract

19 Campylobacter is a bacterium that can cause food poisoning.

Which word describes Campylobacter?

A antibody
B disease
C pathogen
D symptom

20 What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in expired air?

A 0.04% B 4% C 16% D 21%

21 Which row shows processes that all use energy from respiration?

passage
cell muscle active
diffusion osmosis of nerve
division contraction transport
impulses

A      
B      
C      
D      

key
= uses energy from respiration
= does not use energy from respiration

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22 [Turn over

 10

22 What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?

A glucose  alcohol + carbon dioxide

B glucose  alcohol

C glucose  lactic acid + carbon dioxide

D glucose  lactic acid

23 Which substances are excreted from the human body?

1 carbon dioxide
2 urea
3 water

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 1, 2 and 3 D 2 and 3 only

24 What is a response to a low concentration of glucose in the blood?

A Glucagon will cause the body to convert glucose into glycogen.

B Glucagon will cause the body to convert glycogen into glucose.
C Insulin will cause the body to convert glucose into glycogen.
D Insulin will cause the body to convert glycogen into glucose.

25 Which structure can reduce how much light enters the eye?

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 11

26 The diagram shows a section through human skin.

X
Y

What are the structures labelled X, Y and Z?

X Y Z

A receptor sweat gland hair erector muscle

B receptor hair erector muscle sweat gland
C sweat gland receptor hair erector muscle
D sweat gland hair erector muscle receptor

27 A disease cannot be treated with antibiotics.

What could be the reasons for this?

1 It is not a bacterial disease.

2 The pathogen is a virus.
3 The patient has become resistant to the antibiotic.

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22 [Turn over

 12

28 The diagram shows a strawberry plant. These plants can reproduce asexually by producing
‘plantlets’.

plantlet

Why is this method of reproduction useful to strawberry farmers?

A Plantlets are produced by meiosis and are genetically different.

B Plantlets are produced by meiosis and are genetically identical.
C Plantlets are produced by mitosis and are genetically different.
D Plantlets are produced by mitosis and are genetically identical.

29 Which statement about human gametes is correct?

A The female gamete has an acrosome and is non-motile.

B The female gamete has a jelly coating and is motile.
C The male gamete has a flagellum and is non-motile.
D The male gamete has an acrosome and is motile.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 13

30 The diagram shows the stages of protein synthesis in a cell.

nucleus
cytoplasm

3 NOT TO
SCALE

ribosome

protein

Which row identifies molecules 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3

A DNA amino acid mRNA

B amino acid DNA mRNA
C DNA mRNA amino acid
D mRNA DNA amino acid

31 Which description of stem cells is correct?

A unspecialised cells that divide by meiosis to produce daughter cells that may become
specialised for specific functions
B specialised cells that divide by mitosis to produce daughter cells that may become further
specialised for specific functions
C unspecialised cells that divide by mitosis to produce daughter cells that may become
specialised for specific functions
D specialised cells that divide by meiosis to produce daughter cells that may become
specialised for specific functions

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22 [Turn over

 14

32 In some breeds of cattle, hair colour shows codominance. The coats may be red, white or roan (a
mixture of red and white hairs).

What are the expected phenotypes when a parent with a red coat (HRHR) is crossed with a parent
with a roan coat (HRHW)?

A 50% red : 50% roan

B 75% red : 25% roan
C 75% red : 25% white
D 50% red : 50% white

33 Which statement is correct?

A Discontinuous variation is mainly caused by environmental factors.

B Ionising radiation and some chemicals decrease the rate of mutation.
C A gene mutation is a change in the base sequence of a DNA molecule.
D Small variations in height within a human population are an example of discontinuous
variation.

34 A person who is homozygous for the sickle cell allele has a child with a person that is
heterozygous.

What is the likelihood that the offspring would be homozygous for the sickle cell allele?

A 100% B 75% C 50% D 25%

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 15

35 The diagram shows a food web.

NOT TO
SCALE

eagle

stoat
hare

rabbit
grouse adder

shrew
bee heather beetle

How many organisms are feeding at more than one trophic level?

A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22 [Turn over

 16

36 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

nitrogen in atmosphere

animals plants 1
6
5 2

bacteria in nitrogen-containing nitrate

plant roots compounds ions

decomposers

3
soil bacteria ammonium ions nitrite ions

Which row shows the correct labels?

nitrogen
denitrification absorption nitrification
fixation

A 3 2 4 6
B 3 5 4 1
C 1 2 3 6
D 1 5 3 4

37 Which statement explains why bacteria are used in genetic engineering?

A Bacteria can only manufacture simple molecules.

B Bacteria growing in a laboratory cause ethical concerns.
C Bacteria have a slow reproduction rate.
D Bacteria have plasmids.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 17

38 The graph shows the growth of the fungus Penicillium and its production of the antibiotic penicillin
in a fermenter.

concentration
of penicillin

mass of
Penicillium
concentration
or mass

time

Which stage of the Penicillium growth curve produces the highest concentration of penicillin?

A lag phase
B exponential phase
C stationary phase
D death phase

39 Which statement about sustainable resources is correct?

A They include fossil fuels.

B They include non-renewable resources.
C Their production rate is equal to their removal rate.
D Their production rate is smaller than their removal rate.

40 What is the least sustainable method of helping to maintain a population of fish in a lake?

A Only allow female fish to be caught and eaten.

B Only allow fishing at certain times of the year.
C Only allow fishing in certain areas of the lake.
D Only allow the largest fish to be caught and eaten.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 18

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22

 20

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2022 0610/21/O/N/22