Scribd
Upload
7 views3 pages

Tutorial Ch 1 Entropy f

The document contains a series of thermodynamics problems related to various cycles and processes involving steam power plants, heat pumps, and heat engines. Each question requires calculations for parameters such as pressure, temperature, work, heat transfer, and entropy generation in different scenarios. The problems address practical applications in engineering, including the efficiency of systems and energy savings in industrial processes.

Uploaded by

mishaan.farhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views3 pages

Tutorial Ch 1 Entropy f

The document contains a series of thermodynamics problems related to various cycles and processes involving steam power plants, heat pumps, and heat engines. Each question requires calculations for parameters such as pressure, temperature, work, heat transfer, and entropy generation in different scenarios. The problems address practical applications in engineering, including the efficiency of systems and energy savings in industrial processes.

Uploaded by

mishaan.farhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Q1.

Considering the simple steam power


plant cycle shown in Fig. This cycle is
slightly different from the usual cycle for
steam power plants in that the pump
handles a mixture of liquid and vapor in
such proportions that saturated liquid
leaves the pump and enters the boiler.
Suppose that someone reports that the
pressure and quality at various points in
the cycle are as given in Fig. Does this
cycle satisfy the inequality of Clausius?

Q2. Consider a Carnot-cycle heat pump with R-134a as the working fluid. Heat is absorbed into
the R-134a at 0°C, during which process it changes from a two-phase state to saturated vapor.
The heat is rejected from the R-134a at 60°C and ends up as saturated liquid. Find the pressure
after compression, before the heat rejection process, and determine the COP for the cycle.

Q3. A piston/cylinder assembly contains air at 1380 K, 15 MPa, with V 1 = 10 cm3 and Acyl = 5
cm2. The piston is released, and just before the piston exits the end of the cylinder, the pressure
inside is 200 kPa. If the cylinder is insulated, what is its length? How much work is done by the
air inside?

Q4. Consider a modern air conditioner using


R-410a working in heat pump mode, as
shown in Fig. It has a COP of 4 with 10 kW
of power input. The cold side is buried
underground, where it is 8°C, and the hot
side is a house kept at 21°C. For simplicity,
assume that the cycle has a high temperature
of 50°C and a low temperature of 10°C.
Where entropy is generated associated with
the heat pump, assuming steady-state
operation.

Q5. Two tanks contain steam, and they are both connected to
a piston/cylinder, as shown in Fig. Initially, the piston is at
the bottom, and the mass of the piston is such that a pressure
of 1.4 MPa below it will be able to lift it. Steam in A has a
mass of 4 kg at 7MPa, 700°C, and B has 2 kg at 3 MPa,
350°C. The two valves are opened, and the water comes to a
uniform state. Find the final temperature and the total
entropy generation, assuming no heat transfer.

Q6. A rigid tank with 0.5 kg ammonia at 1600 kPa, 160°C is cooled in a reversible process by
giving heat to a reversible heat engine that has its cold side at ambient 20°C. The ammonia
eventually reaches 20°C and the process stops. Find the heat transfer from the ammonia to the
heat
engine and the work output of the heat engine.

Q7. A piston/cylinder with constant loading of the piston contains 1 L water at 400 kPa, quality
15%. It has some stops mounted, so the maximum possible volume is 11 L. A reversible heat
pump extracting heat from the ambient air at 300 K, 100 kPa heats the water to 300°C. Find the
total work and heat transfer for the water and the work input to the heat pump.

Q8. An uninsulated cylinder fitted with a piston contains air at 500 kPa, 200°C, at which point
the volume is 10 L. The external force on the piston is now varied in such a manner that the air
expands to 150 kPa, 25 L volume. It is claimed that in this process the air produces 70% of the
work that would have resulted from a reversible adiabatic expansion from the same initial
pressure and temperature to the same final pressure. Room temperature is 20°C
a. What is the amount of work claimed?
b. Is this claim possible?

Q9. A piston/cylinder device keeping a constant pressure of 500 kPa has 1 kg of water at 20°C
and 1 kg of water at 100°C separated by a membrane. The membrane is broken and the water
comes to a uniform state with no external heat transfer. Find the final temperature and the
entropy
generation.

Q10. A 50-kg block of iron casting at 500 K is thrown into a large lake that is at a temperature of
285 K. The iron block eventually reaches thermal equilibrium with the lake water. Assuming an
average specific heat of 0.45 kJ/kg · K for the iron, determine (a) the entropy change of the iron
block, (b) the entropy change of the lake water, and (c) the entropy generated during this process.

Q11. Consider a 5-L evacuated rigid bottle that is surrounded by the atmosphere at 100 kPa and
17°C. A valve at the neck of the bottle is now opened and the atmospheric air is allowed to flow
into the bottle. The air trapped in the bottle eventually reaches thermal equilibrium with the
atmosphere as a result of heat transfer through the wall of the bottle. The valve remains open
during the process so that the trapped air also reaches mechanical equilibrium with the
atmosphere. Determine the net heat transfer through the wall of the bottle and the entropy
generation during this filling process.

Q12. In a dairy plant, milk at 4°C is


pasteurized continuously at 72°C at a rate of
12 L/s for 24 hours a day and 365 days a year.
The milk is heated to the pasteurizing
temperature by hot water heated in a natural-
gas-fired boiler that hasan efficiency of 82
percent. The pasteurized milk is then cooled by
cold water at 18°C before it is finally
refrigerated back to 4°C. To save energy and
money, the plant installs a regenerator that has
an effectiveness of 82 percent. If the cost of natural gas is $1.04/therm (1 therm _ 105,500 kJ),
determine how much energy and money the regenerator will save this company per year and the
annual reduction in entropy generation.

You might also like