Kriyat Shema (Devarim 6:4-9) Review Sheet
Shalom!
Please know the following by Monday 5/19
I. The translation of the Pesukim
II. The Rashi’s and the translations
ׁ ֶש ּנֶאֱ מַר (צפניה ג') ּכִי אָ ז אֶ הְ ּפֹ ְך אֶ ל ע ִַּמים, הוּא עָתִ יד לִהְ יוֹת ה' אֶ חָ ד, וְל ֹא אֱ לֹהֵי הָאֻ ּמוֹת, ה' ׁ ֶשהוּא אֱ לֹהֵינוּ ע ּ ַָתה.ה' אלהינו ה' אחד
:) ְונֶאֱ מַר (זכריה י"ד) ּ ַביּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְ יֶה ה' אֶ חָ ד וּ ׁ ְשמ ֹו אֶ חָ ד (ע' ספרי,'ָ ׂשפָה בְ רוּרָ ה לִקְ ר ֹא ֻכ ּלָם ְ ּב ׁ ֵשם ה
Hashem is our God, Hashem is one. Hashem who is presently our God and not the God of the nations,
will in the future be [recognized] as the One God, as is said, “For then I will turn over to the peoples a
pure language that they may all call upon the Name of Hashem.” And it is said, “On that day Hashem
will be One and His name One.”
6:5
ּכ ׁ ְֶשהוּא מַטְ ִרי ַח ָעלָיו ַמ ּנִיח ֹו וְה ֹו ֵל ְך, הָע ֹו ֶ ׂשה אֵ צֶל רַ ּב ֹו מִ יּ ְִראָ ה, אֵ ינ ֹו דוֹמֶ ה הָע ֹו ֶ ׂשה מֵ ַא ֲהבָה לָע ֹו ֶ ׂשה מִ יּ ְִראָ ה, ֲע ֵ ׂשה ְ ּדבָרָ יו מֵ ַא ֲהבָה.ואהבת
:)ל ֹו (שם
You are to love. You are to obey His words (commands) because of your love [for Him]. There is no
comparison between one who obeys out of love and one who obeys out of fear. He who obeys (serves)
his master out of fear, should the master over burden him, he will leave him and go away.
:) ּב ׁ ְִשנֵי ְיצָרֶ יךָ (ספרי; ברכות נ"ד); ָ ּדבָר אַחֵ ר בכל לבבך ׁ ֶש ּל ֹא יִהְ יֶה ִל ְ ּבךָ חָ לוּק עַל ה ּ ַָמקוֹם (ספרי.בכל לבבך
With all your heart. With your two inclinations. Another interpretation, “with all your heart” — your
heart should not be fragmented with God.
:) אֲ פִ ּלוּ הוּא נוֹטֵ ל אֶ ת נ ַפְ ׁ ְשךָ (ספרי; ברכות נ"ד.ובכל נפשך
With all your soul. Even if He were to take your soul.
1
ָ ּד" ַא — ובכל מאדך ְ ּבכָל.ָ ְל ָכ ְך נֶאֱ מַר ְ ּבכָל מְ אֹדֶ ך,) י ֵׁש ְלךָ אָ דָ ם ׁ ֶש ּ ָממוֹנ ֹו חָ בִיב ָעלָיו מִ ּגוּפ ֹו (בראשית נ"ז,ָ ְ ּבכָל מָ מ ֹו ְנך.ובכל מאדך
ְוכֵן ָ ּדוִד הוּא אוֹמֵ ר (תהלים קט"ז) ּכוֹס י ְׁשוּעוֹת אֶ ּ ָ ׂשא צָרָ ה ְויָגוֹן אֶ מְ צָא, ּבֵין ְ ּבמִ ָ ּדה ט ֹובָה ּבֵין ְ ּבמִ ּדַת ּ ֻפ ְרעָנוּת,ָמִ ָ ּדה וּמִ ָ ּדה ׁ ֶש ּמוֹדֵ ד ְלך
:)וְגוֹ' (ע' ספרי
And with all your possesions. With all your wealth. There are men whose wealth is dearer to them than
their bodies. It is therefore said, “With all your possessions.” Another interpretation, “With what ever
measure” — with what ever measure He apportions you, whether it is a measure of goodness or a
measure of punishment (you must love Him). Similarly did Dovid say: “the cup of deliverance I will raise
[and upon the Name, Hashem, I will call]. “Trouble and sorrow I encounter, [and upon the Name,
Hashem, I call].”
6:6
:) ׁ ֶש ִּמ ּת ֹו ְך ּ ָכ ְך א ּ ַָתה ַמ ּכִיר ְ ּבה ַָּק ּבָ"ה וּמְ ַ ּד ּבֵק ִ ּבדְ רָ כָיו (ספרי, וּמַהוּ ָה ַא ֲהבָה? והיו הדברים האלה.והיו הדברים האלה
And these words. What is the form of love [you are commanded]? “These words [that I command you
today, etc.]” For in this manner you be aware of the Holy One blessed is He, and You will cling to His
ways.
אֶ ּלָא ּכַחֲדָ ׁ ָשה ׁ ֶש ַה ּכ ֹל רָ צִ ין לִקְ רָ אתָ ּה; ְ ּדיוּטְ ּגְמָ א – מִ צְ וַת, ל ֹא יִהְ יוּ ְ ּבעֵ ינֶיךָ כִדְ יוּטְ ּגְמָ א י ׁ ְָשנָה ׁ ֶשאֵ ין אָ דָ ם סוֹפְ נ ָּה.אשר אנכי מצוך היום
:)ה ּ ֶַמ ֶל ְך ַה ּבָאָ ה ְ ּבמִ כ ּ ְָתב (ספרי
That I command you today. [These words] shall not be in your eyes like an outdated decree which no
one takes seriously, but rather like a newly given one, which is read eagerly by all. [The word] דְ י ֹו ַטגְמָ א
[implies] a royal command in written form.
6:7
ׁ ֶשאִ ם י ׁ ְִשאָ ְלךָ אָ דָ ם ָ ּדבָר ל ֹא תְ הֵא צ ִָרי ְך ְלגַמְ ּגֵם ּב ֹו אֶ ּלָא אֱ מ ֹר ל ֹו מִ יָּד (ספרי; קידושין,ָ ׁ ֶשיִּהְ יוּ מְ חֻ ָ ּדדִ ים ְ ּבפִ יך, ל ְׁשוֹן חִ ּדוּד הוּא.ושננתם
:)'ל
And you shall teach them. The word ׁ ִשנַנ ּ ְָתםis an expression of sharpness, implying that they (words of
Torah) should be sharp in your mouth, so that if a person asks you anything about them, you will not
need to stammer (hesitate) about it, but tell him (the answer) immediately.
וְאוֹמֵ ר (מלכים, ׁ ֶש ּנֶאֱ מַר (דברים י"ד) ָּבנִים א ּ ֶַתם ל ַה' אֱ לֹהֵיכֶם, מָ צִ ינוּ ְ ּבכָל מָ קוֹם ׁ ֶשה ּ ַַתלְמִ ידִ ים קְ רוּייִם ָּבנִים, אֵ ּלוּ ה ּ ַַתלְמִ ידִ ים.לבניך
וּקְ רָ אָ ם ָּבנִים ׁ ֶש ּנֶאֱ מַר (דברי הימים ב' כ"ט) ָּבנ ַי ע ּ ַָתה אַל, ׁ ֶש ּל ּ ִֵמד ּתוֹרָ ה ְלכָל ִי ְ ׂשרָ אֵ ל,ּ ְוכֵן ְ ּבחִ זְקִ יָּהו,ב ב') ְ ּבנֵי ַה ּנְבִיאִ ים אֲ ׁ ֶשר ּבֵית אֵ ל
ׁ ֶש ּנֶאֱ מַר (מלכים ב ב') אָ בִי אָ בִי רֶ כֶב,(ש ּנֶאֱ מַר ָּבנִים א ּ ֶַתם ל ַה' אֱ לֹהֵיכֶם) ּ ָכ ְך הָרַב קָ רוּי אָ ב ֶ ׁ וּכ ׁ ְֵשם ׁ ֶשה ּ ַַתלְמִ ידִ ים קְ רוּיִים ָּבנִים.ִּּת ׁ ּ ָשלו
:)ִי ְ ׂשרָ אֵ ל וְגוֹ' (ספרי
To your children. [In this instance ָ ] ָבנֶיךrefers to the disciples (students). We find everywhere that
disciples are referred to as children, as it is said, “You are children of Hashem, your God,” and it says,
“the children (disciples) of the prophets who were in Beis Eil.” Similarly in reference to King Chizkiyahu
who taught the Torah to all of Yisrael, and he called them children, as it is said, “My children, now, do
not be carelessly forgetful.” And even as disciples are called children as it is said, “You are children of
Hashem, your God, so too is the Rav (teacher) called father, as it is said, “My father, my father, the
chariot of Yisrael, etc.”
:) ׁ ֶש ּל ֹא ְיהֵא עִ ּקַר ִ ּד ּבוּ ְרךָ אֶ ּלָא ּבָם – ֲע ֵ ׂשם עִ ָּקר ְואַל ּ ַת ֲע ֵ ׂשם טָ פֵל (שם.ודברת בם
And you are to discuss them. Your main discussions should be only about them. Make them (words of
Torah) primary and do not make them of secondary importance.
2
ּתַ"ל בשבתך בביתך ובלכתך בדרך – ֶ ּדרֶ ְך אֶ רֶ ץ, יָכוֹל אֲ פִ ּלוּ ָעמַד ּ ַבחֲצִ י ַה ּל ַ ְילָה, ּתַ"ל ובקומך, יָכוֹל אֲ פִ ּלוּ ׁ ָשכַב ּ ַבחֲצִ י ַהיּוֹם.ובשכבך
:) ְזמַן ׁ ְשכִיבָה וּ ְזמַן קִ ימָ ה (שם,ִ ּד ְ ּברָ ה תוֹרָ ה
When you go to sleep. I might conclude that this means even if you go to sleep at midday, it is therefore
stated, “When you arise.” I might then conclude that this means even if you arise in midnight, it is
therefore stated, “When you sit at home and when you walk on the road”; thus the Torah speaks of the
usual way of life, [indicating that ָ ְ ּב ׁ ָשכְבְ ךmeans] the usual time of sleeping [and ָ בְ קוּמֶ ךmeans] the usual
time of rising.
6:8
:ַ אֵ ּלוּ ְּתפִ ּלִין ׁ ֶש ּב ַּזְר ֹוע.וקשרתם לאות על ידך
And you are to tie them as a sign upon your arm. These are the tefillin that are placed on the arm.
טט ְ ּבכַתְ ּ ִפי ׁ ְש ּ ַתיִם פת ְ ּבאַפְ ִריקֵ י ׁ ְש ּ ַתיִם, ְועַל ׁ ֵשם מִ ְני ַן ּפָרָ ׁ ִשיּוֹתֵ יהֶם נִקְ ְראוּ ט ֹטָ פוֹת,ֹאשׁ אֵ ּלוּ ְּתפִ ּלִין ׁ ֶש ָּבר.והיו לטטפת בין עיניך
:)'(סנהדרין ד
And they are to be totafos between your eyes. These are the tefillin that are placed on the head. It is due
to the number of Scriptural sections [contained in them] that they are called totafos, for ט ֹטin Coptic
language means two, and פֹתin the African language means two.
6:9
: ׁ ֶשאֵ ין צָרִ י ְך אֶ ּלָא ַאחַת, מזזת ּכְתִ יב.מזזות ביתך
The doorposts of your house. The word מְ זֻזוֹתis written defectively to indicate that only one is necessary
[for each door.]
:)ְשעֲרֵ י ֲעיָרוֹת (יומא י"א ַ ׁ ְשעֲרֵ י מְ דִ ינוֹת ו ַ ׁ לְרַ ּבוֹת ׁ ַשעֲרֵ י ֲחצֵרוֹת ו.ובשעריך
And on your gateposts. [The plural is used] to include the gates of courtyards, the gates of provinces and
the gates of cities.
