REPRODUCTION

IN ORGANISMS

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01. Ploidy of ovary, anther, egg, pollen, male gamete and zygote
are respectively
(a) 2n, 2n, n, 2n, n, 2n
(b) 2n, 2n, n, n, n, 2n
(b) 2n, n, n, n, n, n
(d) 2n, 2n, n, 2n, 2n, 2n
02. Which of the following is not vegetative propagule ?
(a) Rhizome and sucker
(b) Tuber and offset
(c) Bulbil (e.g. in Agave), leaf buds and bulb
(d) Antherozoid
03. The process of series of changes from larva to adult after
embryonic development is called
(a) regeneration
(b) growth
(c) metamorphosis
(d) ageing.
04. In oogamy, fertilization involves
(a) a small nonmotile female gamete and a large motile male
gamete
(b) a large nonmotile female gamete and a small motile male
gamete
(c) a large nonmotile female gamete and a small nonmotile male
gamete
(d) large motile female gamete and a small non motile male
gemete
05. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Offspring produced by the asexual reproduction are
called clone.
(b) Microscopic, motile, asexual reproductive structures
are called zoospores.
(c) In potato, banana and ginger, the plantlets arise from
the internodes present in the modified stem
(d) Water hyacinth, growing in the standing water, drains
oxygen from water that leads to the death of fishes
06. Which one of the following generates new genetic combinations
leading to variation?
(a) Vegetative reproduction
(b) Parthenogenesis
(c) Sexual reproduction
(d) Nucellar polyembryony
07. A few statements describing certain features of reproduction are
given below
i. Gametic fusion takes place
ii. Transfer of genetic materal takes place
iii. Reduction division takes place
iv. Progeny have some resemblance with parents
Select the options that are true for both asexual and sexual
reproduction from the options given below
(a) i and ii
(b) ii and iii
(c) ii and iv
(d) i and iii.
08. The term ‘clone’ cannot be applied to offspring formed by sexual
reproduction because:
a. Offspring do not possess exact copies of parental DNA
b. DNA of only one parent is copied and passed on to the
offspring
c. Offspring are formed at different times
d. DNA of parent and offspring are completely different.
09. Asexual method of reproduction by binary fission is common to
which of the following?
i. Some eukaryotes
ii. All eukaryotes
iii. Some prokaryotes
iv. All prokaryotes
Choose the correct option from the following:
(a) i and ii
(b) ii and iii
(c) i and iii
(d) iii and iv.
10. A few statements with regard to sexual reproduction are given
below:
i. Sexual reproduction does not always require two individuals
ii. Sexual reproduction generally involves gametic fusion
iii. Meiosis never occurs during sexual reproduction
iv. External fertilisation is a rule during sexual reproduction
Choose the correct statements from the options below:
(a) i and iv
(b) i and ii
(c) ii and iii
(d) i and iv
11. A multicellular, filamentous alga exhibits a type of sexual life
cycle in which the meiotic division occurs after the formation of
zygote. The adult filament of this alga has
a. haploid vegetative cells and diploid gametangia
b. diploid vegetative cells and diploid gametangia
c. diploid vegetative cells and haploid gametangia
d. haploid vegetative cells and haploid gametangia
12. The male gametes of rice plant have 12 chromosomes in their
nucleus.
The chromosome number in the female gamete, zygote and
the cells of
the seedling will be, respectively,
a. 12, 24, 12
b. 24, 12, 12
c. 12, 24, 24
d. 24, 12, 24.
13. Choosre the correct statements related to external fertilization.
i. The male and female gametes are formed and released
simultaneously
ii. Only a few gametes are released into the medium
iii. Water is the medium in a majority of organisms exhibiting external
fertilization
iv. Offspring formed as a result of external fertilization have a better
chance of survival than those formed inside an organism
(a) iii and iv
(b) i and iii
(c) ii and iv
(d) i and iv
14. The statements given below describe certain features that are
observed in the pistil of flowers.
i. A pistil may produce more than one seed
ii. Each carpel may have more than one ovule
iii. Each carpel has only one ovule
iv. The pistil has only one carpel
Choose the statements that are true from the options below:
(a) i and ii
(b) i and iii
(c) ii and iv
(d) iii and iv
15. Which of the following situations correctly describe the similarity
between an angiosperm egg and a human egg?
i. Eggs of both are formed only once in a lifetime
ii. Both the angiosperm egg and human egg are stationary
iii. Both the angiosperm egg and human egg are mobile
iv. Syngamy in both results in the formation of zygote
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) ii and iv
(b) iv only
(c) iii and iv
(d) i and
16. The appearance of vegetative propagules from the nodes of
plants such as sugarcane and ginger are mainly because:
a. Nodes are shorter than internodes
b. Nodes have meristematic cells
c. Nodes are located near the soil
d. Nodes have non-photosynthetic cells
17. Offspring formed by sexual reproduction exhibit more variation
than those formed by Asexual reproduction because:
a. Sexual reproduction is a lengthy process
b.Gametes of parents have qualitatively different genetic
composition
c. Genetic material comes from parents of two different species
d. The greater amount of DNA is involved in sexual reproduction
18. Choose the correct statement from amongst the following:
a. Dioecious (hermaphrodite) organisms are seen only in animals
b. Dioecious organisms are seen only in plants
c. Dioecious organisms are seen in both plants and animals
d. Dioecious organisms are seen only invertebrates
19. There is no natural death in single-celled organisms like
Amoeba and bacteria because:
a. They cannot reproduce sexually
b. They reproduce by binary fission
c. The parental body is distributed among the offspring
d. They are microscopic
20. There are various types of reproduction. The type of reproduction
adopted by an organism depends on:
a. The habitat and morphology of the organism
b. Morphology of the organism
c. Morphology and physiology of the organism
d. The organism’s habitat, physiology and genetic makeup
21. Identify the incorrect statement.
a. In asexual reproduction, the offspring produced are
morphologically and genetically identical to the parent
b. Zoospores are sexual reproductive structures
c. In asexual reproduction, a single parent produces
offspring with or without the formation of gametes
d. Conidia are asexual structures in Penicillium
22. Which of the following is a post-fertilisation event in
flowering plants?
a. Transfer of pollen grains
b. Embryo development
c. Formation of flower
d. Formation of pollen grains
23. The number of chromosomes in the shoot tip cells of a maize
plant is 20.
The number of chromosomes in the microspore mother cells of
the same plant shall be:
a. 20
b. 10
c. 40
d. 15
24. Which of the following groups is formed only of the
hermaphrodite organisms?
(a) Earthworm, tapeworm, housefly, frog
(b) Earthworm, tapeworm, sea horse, housefly
(c) Earthworm, leech, sponge, roundworm
(d) Earthworm, tapeworm, leech, sponge
25. Which of the following options shows bisexual animals only?
(a) Amoeba, sponge, leech
(b) Sponge, cockroach, Amoeba
(c) Earthworm, sponge, leech
(d) Tapeworm, earthworm, honeybee
26. Meiosis does not occur in
(a) asexually reproducing diploid individuals
(b) sexually reproducing haploid individuals
(c) sexually reproducing diploid individuals
(d) all of these.
27. A diploid parent plant body produces ________ gametes and
a haploid parent plant body produces ________ gametes.
(a) diploid, haploid
(b) haploid, diploid
(c) diploid, diploid
(d) haploid, haploid
28. Which of the following organisms has the highest number of
chromosomes?
(a) Housefly
(b) Butterfly
(c) Ophioglossum
(d) Onion
29. In maize, a meiocyte has 20 chromosomes. What will be the
number of chromosomes in its somatic cell?
(a) 40
(b) 30
(c) 20
(d) 10
30. If a butterfly has chromosome number 360 in its meiocyte (2n).
What will be the chromosome number in its gametes?
(a) 380
(b) 190
(c) 95
(d) 760
31. In flowering plants, both male and female gametes are non-
motile. The method to bring them together for fertilisation is
(a) water
(b) air
(c) pollination
(d) apomixis
32. The term ‘clone’ cannot be applied to offspring formed by
sexual reproduction because
(a) offspring do not possess exact copies of parental DNA
(b) DNA of only one parent is copied and passed on to the
offspring
(c) offspring are formed at different times
(d) DNA of parent and offspring are completely different
33. The male gametes of rice plant have 12 chromosomes in their
nucleus. The chromosome number in the female gamete,
zygote and the cells of the seedling will be, respectively
(a) 12,24,12
(b) 24,12,12
(c) 12, 24, 24
(d) 24, 12, 24
34. The growth phase of an organism before attaining sexual
maturity is referred to as
(a) juvenile phase
(b) vegetative phase
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these.
35. Clear cut vegetative, reproductive and senescent phases
cannot be observed in
(a) annual plants
(b) perennial plants
(c) biennial plants
(d) ephemeral plants.
36. Strobilanthus kunthiana flowers once in
(a) 5 years
(b) 12 years
(c) 20 years
(d) 50 years.
37. Strobilanthus kunthiana differs from bamboo in
(a) being monocarpic
(b) length of juvenile phase
(c) being polycarpic
(d) none of these.
38. Oestrous cycle is reported in
(a) cows and sheep
(b) humans and monkeys
(c) chimpanzees and gorillas
(d) none of these.
39. Which of the following animals show menstrual cycle?
(a) Gorillas and chimpanzees
(b) Monkeys and humans
(c) Orangutans and monkeys
(d) All of these
40. Senescent phase of an organism’s life span can be recognised by
(a) slow metabolism
(b) cessation of reproduction
(c) decreased immunity
(d) all of these
41. Staminate flowers produce
(a) eggs
(b) antherozoids
(c) fruits
(d) all of these
42. Which of the following has the longest life span?
(a) Banyan tree
(b) tortoise
(c) parrot
(d) Elephant
43. Select the option which arrnages the given organisms in
ascending order of their life span.
(a) Parrot < Crow < Butterfly < Banyan tree
(b) Butterfly < Crow < Parrot < Crocodile
(c) Fruit fly < Crocodile < Parrot < Banyan tree
(d) Parrot < Tortoise < Dog < Crow
44. ________ is a life process that is not essential for an
individual’s survival but for survival of the species.
(a) Growth
(b) Reproduction
(c) Respiration
(d) Nutrition
45. 'Clones’ are individuals that have exactly the same
(a) Lifespan
(b) physiology
(c) growth rate
(d) genetic makeup
46. Which one of the following processes results in the formation of
clone of bacteria?
(a) Regeneration
(b) Budding
(c) Binary fission
(d) Fragmentation
47. Asexual reproduction is seen in members of Kingdom
(a) Monera
(b) Plantae
(c) Animalia
(d) All of these.
48. Vegetative propagation is the term used for
(a) sexual reproduction in animals
(b) sexual reproduction in plants
(c) asexual reproduction in animals
(d) asexual reproduction in plants.
49. Which of the following options shows two plants in which new
plantlets arise from the same organ?
(a) Dahlia and ginger
(b) Potato and sweet potato
(c) Dahlia and rose
(d) Potato and sugarcane
50. Fleshy buds produced in the axil of leaves, which grow to form
new plants when shed and fall on ground, are called
(a) bulbs
(b) bulbils
(c) tubers
(d) offsets.
51. If a leaf cell of Agave has x chromosomes then what will be
the number of chromosomes in a cell of its bulbil?
(a) 2 x
(b) x/2
(c) x/4
(d) x
52. Which of the following cannot serve as a vegetative propagule?
(a) A piece of potato tuber with eyes
(b) A middle piece of sugarcane internode
(c) A piece of ginger rhizome
(d) A marginal piece of Bryophyllum leaf
53. Sexual reproduction is considered more beneficial than asexual
reproduction because
(a) it is not affected by adverse environmental conditions
(b) fertilization is a chance factor
(c) it rapidly multiplies the population
(d) it assists in evolution by producing variations.
54. Development of new individual from female gamete without
fertilisation is termed as
(a) syngamy
(b) embryogenesis
(c) oogamy
(d) parthenogenesis.
55. Spirogyra is a sexually reproducing alga in which vegetative thallus
is haploid. In Spirogyra, meiosis
(a) never occurs
(b) occurs at time of gamete production
(c) occurs after fertilisation
(d) occurs during vegetative growth.
56. Life begin in all sexually reproducing organisms as a
(a) single-celled zygote
(b) double-celled zygote
(c) haploid zygote
(d) haploid gametes.
57. Offsprings of oviparous animals are at greater risk of survival as
compared to those of viviparous animals because
(a) proper embryonic care and protection is absent
(b) embryo does not develop completely
(c) progenies are of smaller size
(d) genetic variations do not occur.
58. Deposition of calcareous shell around zygote occurs in
(a) birds and reptiles
(b) birds and mammals
(c) mammals and reptiles
(d) all of these.
59. Select the option which shows viviparous animals only,
(a) Lizard, Turtile
(b) Platypus, Crocodile
(c) Cow, Crocodile
(d) Whale, Mouse
60. Which of the following animals give birth to young ones?
(a) Ornithorhynchus and Echidna
(b) Macropus and Pteropus
(c) Balaenoptera and Homo sapiens
(d) Both (a) and (c)
61. Viviparity is found in
(a) Sharks
(b) lizards
(c) frogs
(d) birds
62. The most significant feature of vegetative propagation is that
(a) it is a method of producing a large number of individuals
genetically identical to the parent.
(b) it is a method of producing a large number of individuals
genetically different from the parent.
(c) it ensures that the progeny individuals are resistant to
diseases and pests.
(d) it is an age old practice.
63. In animals, juvenile phase is followed by,
(a) reproductive phase
(b) senescent phase
(c) old age
(d) vegetative phase.
64. Sugarcane is propagated by
(a) stem cutting
(b) leaf buds
(c) root cutting
(d) seeds
65. Identify the correct sequence of events.
(a) Gametogenesis → Syngamy Embryogenesis → Zygote
(b) Gametogenesis → Zygote → Syngamy → Embryogenesis
(c) Gametogenesis → Embryogenesis → Zygote → Syngamy
(d) Gametogenesis → Syngamy → Zygote
66. In higher plants, meiosis occurs?
(a) During formation of gametes
(b) During fertilization
(c) During embryogenesis
(d) In seeds
67. Earthworm is:
(a) Unisexual
(b) Bisexual
(c) Asexual
(d) Neutral
68. An example of rhizome is
(a) Garlic
(b) Colocassia
(c) Ginger
(d) Onion
69. Budding is the example of :
(a) Vegetative reproduction
(b) Tissue culture
(c) Sexual production
(d) Dispersal
70. Asexual reproduction in Penicillium fungus usually takes place
through?
(a) Budding
(b) Fission
(c) Conidia
(d) Gemmules
71. Vegetative reproduction takes place in Bacteria :
(a) By binary fission
(b) By hybridization
(c) Byfiission
(d) By fission
72. In potato, which structure takes part in vegetative reproduction?
(a) Adventitious root
(b) Apex bud of stem
(c) Germinating eye bud
(d) Arial shoot
73. In higher plants, fertilization is :
(a) External
(b) Internal
(c) In water
(d) In air
74. The example of bulb is:
(a) Ginger
(b) Doob grass
(c) Onion
(d) Potato
75. The organism similar to parent can be obtained by:
(a) Speed
(b) Zygote
(c) Gametes
(d) Binary fission
76. Vegelative reproduction takes place in Bryophyllum :
(a) By buds
(b) By leaves
(c) By seeds
(d) By roots
77. Which one of the following is incorrect statement with
respect to life span of organisms?
(a) Peepal tree has a much longer life span as compared to a
mango tree
(b) Life spans of organisms are not necessarily correlated
with their size
(c) Single celled organism like amoeba does not show
natural death
(d) It is correlated with the complexity and habit of plants
78. Select the correct statement w.r.t phase in organism's life
(a) most of the perennial palnts are monocarpic
(b) Neelakuranji is perennial, polycarpic plant, native to
north india
(c) very few perennial plants bear flowers throughout the
year
(d) external fertilization is present in all aquatic algae and
bryophytes
79. Zoospores differ from zygospores in
(a) Presence of thick wall
(b) Absence of thick wall and motility
(c) Ploidy and flagellation
(d) Dispersal and absence of flagella
80. Zoospore is
(a) formed by fusion of two gametes
(b) flagellated and motile structure
(c) the net result of sexual reproduction
(d) always diploid
81. Number of chromosomes present in meiocyte of potato
and apple are
(a) 16,24
(b) 48,34
(c) 16,20
(d) 24,48
82. In the polycarpic perennial plants which of the following
phase is present additionally as compared to monocarpic
perennial ones in the life cycle?
(a) senescent phase
(b) reproductive phase
(c) vegetative phase
(d) interflowering phase
83. Seeds offer which of the following advantages to angiosperms
(a) show better dispersal strategies
(b) dormancy of seed allow it to be utilised as food source
throughout the year
(c) forms the basis of agriculture
(d) asexual seed development allows hybrid seed to maintain
their superior characters
84. At the time of asexual reproduction
(a) most of the divisions are meiotic
(b) haploid-diploid alternation is very slow
(c) rate of multiplication is very slow
(d) Adaptability and evolutionary advanced characters
are produced
85. Water hyacinth is also known as terrow of bengal because it
(a) releases saxitoxin
(b) drains o2 from running water
(c) leads to death of fishes
(d) is one of the most invasive crop
86. Double fertilization is different from single fertilization
because of the presence of
(a)syngamy
(b) seed
(c) triple fusion
(d) megaspore and microspore
87. An aquatic plant which is commonly known as terror of
bengal, can propagate vegetatively by _____ and it is
also called _____
(a) Offsets, water hyacinth
(b) Offsets, Water lettuce
(c) Turions, Water lily
(d) Bulbils, potamogeton
88. What is correct w.r.t chromosomes no. in the sexual reproduction
of Ophioglossum?
(a) embryo= 1260, Endosperm= 1890, oosphere= 630
(b) sporocyte= 1260, VCC= 630, Oosphere= 630
(c) oospore= 1260, oosphere= 1260, leaf cell= 1260
(d) gametes= 630, NCC= 1260, Gametangium= 1260
89. Find the ploidy level of central cell at maturity,
perispem cell and endosperm cell for sunflower
(a) 2n, 2n, 3n
(b) n, 2n, 3n
(c) 2n, 3n, 3n
(d) n, n, 3n
90. Ploidy of endosperm and zygote would be ______ and
______respectively, if a octaploid female and tetraploid
male plants are crossed.
(1) 10n, 6n
(2) 6n, 10n
(3) 3n, 2n
(4) 20n, 8n
 ANSWERS

01. b 11. d 21. b 31. c 41. b 51. d 61. a 71. a 81. b

02. d 12. c 22. b 32. a 42. a 52. b 62. a 72. c 82. d
03. c 13. b 23. a 33. c 43. c 53. d 63. a 73. b 83. d
04. b 14. a 24. d 34. c 44. b 54. d 64. a 74. c 84. b
05. c 15. b 25. c 35. b 45. d 55. c 65. d 75. d 85. c
06. c 16. b 26. a 36. b 46. c 56. a 66. a 76. b 86. c
07. c 17. b 27. d 37. b 47. d 57. a 67. b 77. d 87. a
08. a 18. c 28. c 38. a 48. d 58. a 68. c 78. c 88. b
09. c 19. c 29. c 39. d 49. d 59. d 69. a 79. c 89. a
10. b 20. d 30. b 40. d 50. b 60. d 70. c 80. b 90. a