API 571

API 571

TERMS
1. In 300 series material classification the suffix L and H stands for:
a. Low and high Hydrogen.
b. Low and high Carbon.
C. Lithium and hydrogen.
d. None of the above

2. Nickel base alloys contain nickel greater than:

a. 30%.
b. 50%
c. 75%

d. 40%

3. AUBT stands for:

a. Automated ultrasonic back scatter testing.
b. Automated universal bend testing.
c. Automatic under bead testing
d. None of the above.

4.2.7 Brittle Fracture

plastic deformation iss

1. The sudden rapid fracture under stress without

called?
Temper embrittlement
a.
b. Fatigue cracks
C. Brittle fracture

d. Ductile fracture

materials are not affected by brittle fracture?

Which of the following
2
a. Carbon steel
b. Austenitic stainless steel

C. Low alloy steel

d. 400 series SS
 fracture? 9. For
increases the susceptibility of brittle new
equipment, brittle fracture is best prevented by using:
3. Which of the following will
a. Steel cleanlinesS a.b. materials specifically designed for low temperature operation.
changing the design.
b. Thick matenal C.
changing the atmosphere.
c. Operating temperature
below transition temperature d. all of the above.
d. All of the abovee
10. Susceptible vessels should be inspected for pre-existing flaws/defects to

Brittle Fracture normally occurs at detect the possibility of:

a. brittle fracture.
a. Below room temperature b. atmospheric corrosion.
b. Below transition temperature C. CUI.
c. At high temperature d. none of the above
d. None of the above

5. Britte fracture is best prevented by:

4.2.14 Erosion/Erosion-Corrosion
a. Conducting PWHTT 1.The accelerated mechanical removal of surface materials a result of relative
b. Increasing operating temperature movement between solid (Or)liquids is called as:
c. Using suitable materials for low temperature a. Corrosion
d. All of the above b. Erosion
C. Erosion-corrosion
6. Which of the following NDT detect the possibility of Brittle fracture? d. None of the above
a..PT
b..RT 2. Erosion -corrosion is a description for the damage that occurs when:
C. UT
a. Erosion contributes to corrosion by removing protective films
d. NDT cannot detect possibility of Brittle Fracture b. Corrosion contributes to erosion by removing protective films
c. Both of the above
7. Cracks that are typically straight, non-branching, and devoid of any d. None of the above
associated plastic deformation are likely associated with which type of
failure? 3.Which of the following will not be affected by erosion and erosion
a. Stress corosion cracking corrosion?
b.Brittle fracture
a. Elbows
c.Thermal fatigue.
b. Downstream and blow valve
d.Temper embrittiement.
c. Upstream of pumps
8. the
Which of following
are found along
localized necking around the crack?
the free edge of the fracture, or d. Piping systems

a. shear lips and

4.Which of the following is the characteristic appearance of erosion
b. Intergranular craking
erosion-corrosion?
c. Necking
d. None of the above. a. PITS,Grooves and vallys
b. Holes and vallys
c. Directional pattern
d. All of the above.
 mitigate
erosion-corrosion?

4.2.16 Mechanical Fatique

is the best way of
Which of the following
5.
a. Changing Design 1. Which of the following is caused by cycle stress often resulting from sudden
hardness
surface
b. Increasing unexpected failure?
c. Changing matenial
a. Mechanical fatigue
d. All of the above b. Stress corrosion
erosion-corrosion?
cracking
to mitigate
is the best way c. Brittle fracture
6. Which of the following
corosion resistant
alloy d. None of the above
a. Using m o r e
environment
b. Altenng process
surface hardness 2. The stresses for mechanical fatigue can arise from either mechanical loading
c Increasing
d. Only a & b of above or thermal cycling and are typically well:

erosion can be detected by:

vessel due to Above yield strength
Refractory loss inside
a a.
7.
a. UT b. Above tensile strength
R C. Below yield strength
C RT d. Below transition temperature
d. All of the above
to as: 3. The stress below fatigue crack will not occur is called:
Pure erosion is very rare and is sometimes referred
a. Abrasive wear
a. Crack limit
b. Undercutting
b. Fatigue imit
c. Tiger striping
d. None of these c. Endurance Limit.
d. None of the above
achieved through:
9. Improved resistance to erosion is usually
increasing substrate
hardness Using harder alloys, hardfacing or surface-
a. hardening treatments.
4. Which of the following will have better Fatigue resistance?
b. Using more corrosion resistant alloy
C. Alteing process environment a. Coarse grained steel
d. all of the above. b. Fine grained steel

in sea c. Steel castings

10.which of the following material is not affected by erosion! corrosion
d. All of the above
water service.?
a. monel.
b. 316 ss. 5. Mechanical fatigue cracks are characterized by:
C. titanium.
brass a. Chevron marks
b. Ductile failure
C. Beach marks
d. Endurance Marks
 cracking?
is the best way to reduce fatigue
. Which
of the following stress concentration
a. Good design to minimize

b. Selection of suitable material 4.3.1 Galvanic Corrosion

c. Controllingoperating temperafure
d Penodic NDT of suspected vessels.
1. A form of corrosion that can occur at the junction of dissimilar metals is
7. Fatigue cracks usually initiate on the surface at
called:
a Tool markings
a. Thermal fatigue
b Grinding marks.
b. Crevice corrosion
C. Mechanical notches C. Galvanic corrosion
d. All of the
above d. Oxidation

8. Fatigue cracks can be detected by: 2. which of the following will corrode more in galvanic corrosion:
a. PT.
a. Cathode
b. MT b. Anode
C. SWUT C. Electrolyte
d. Any of the above d. All of the above

3. Which of the following galvanic couples will have more corrosion resistant
9. The most important factor in determining component resistance to Mechanical
Fatigue is: a. Monel-bronze
a. Design b. Monel-brass
b Operation C. Monel-copper nickel
c. Materia d. Monel-lead
d.Time (Number of cycles)
method for galvanic corrosion?
4. Which of the following is best preventioh
10. Critical factors related to Mechanical a. Good design
Fatigue and fatigue resistance include:
a Geometry of the component b. Protective coating
b Stress levels & number of cycles C. Electric insulation
c. Material properties such as
strength, d. All of the above
d. All of these are coredt
hardness. and microstructure

4.3.2 Atmospheric Corrosion

atmospheric corrosion?
1. Which of the flowing will have most severe

a. Wet rural areas

b. Dry rural areas
industrial environment
C. Marine environment and moist polluted
d. All of the above

environment will be:

2. The corrosion rate of marine
a Less than 1 mpy
b 5 to 10 mpy
C. 20 mpy
d. 1-3 mpy
 4.3.3 Corrosion Under Insulation (CU)
corrosion? 1. Which of the following material will CUl affect?
will have high atmospheric
3. Which of the following temperature
a. Carbon steel
a 350F
b. Low alloy steel
b. 250° F
C. Austenitic stainless steel
C. 100 F
d. All of the above
d 20°F

is ? 2. CUI will appear in Austenitic stainless steel as:

4 The best prevention for atmospheric corrosion
a. General corrosion
Cathodic protection
a. and surface preparation
b. Cathodic protection and coating application b. Chloride stress corrosion cracking
c. Surface preparation and proper coating application C. Caustic stress corrosion cracking
in atmospheric conditions. d. Hydrogen induced cracking
d. Change
at
5. Atmospheric corrosion: 3. For insulated carbon steel components corrosion become more severe

a Can cause either uniform or localized wall loss metal temperature between:
b. Always causes localized wall loss. a. 10 °F to 350°F
C.Always causes uniform wall loss. b. 212°F to 350°F
d. Is best detected using profle RT. C. 140°F to 350°F
d. None of the above
6. Which of the following materials is least affected by atmospheric
corrosion?
4. Which of the following equipment are not susceptible to CUl:
a. Carbon steel a. Piping or equipment with damaged leaking steam tracing
b. Chromes b. Localized damage at paint or coating systems
c. Stainless steels C. Temination of insulation in a vertical pipe
d. Copper alloyed with aluminum.
d. Equipment located at upstream of cooling towers

7. A form of corrosion that occurs

from moisture associated with atmospheric 5.
The CUl mitigation is best achieved by:
conditions. Marine environments and moist polluted industrial environments
with airborne contaminants are the most severe, and Dry rural environments a. Controlling the operating temperatures
cause very littie corrosion. This mechanism is: b. Performing 100% visual inspection
barriers
a Atmospheric Corrosion c. Maintaining the insulation and sealing vapor
b. Galvanic Corrosion d. Using low chloride insulation
c. Soil Corrosion
of CU1?
d Cooling Water Corrosion 6. Which of the following will reduce the possibility
closed cell foam glass insulation
a. Using
8. Atmospheric Corrosion rates vary greatly due to a variety of factors (see
question above). Corrosion rates increase with the temperature up to about b. Controlling operating temperatures
10°F to 350°F
250°F (121°C). At temperatures above 250°F (121°C), the equipment surfaces c. Operating temperature at
are d. All of the above
a. Susceptible to conditions that cause increased corrosion rates
b. Susceptible to conditions that cause decreased corrosion rates
c. Usually too dry for corrosion to occur
d. Usually too dry for corrosion to Occur ercept under insulation
 13. Flame-sprayed aluminum coatings have been used on carbon steels. The
will detect wet insulation? coating corrodes preferentially by:
methods
7. Which of the following NDT
a PT
a. CUI
b. Atmospheric corrosion.
UT C. Galvanic corrosion.
c. Neutron backscatter
d. All of the above.
d Deep penetrating eddy cuent inspection

8. With CUl, corrosion rates with increasing metal temperatures

to the point where the water evaporates quickly.
up
a.
b.
Decrease
increase
4.3.4 Cooling Water Corrosion
C . S t a ythe same
d. None of the above
. Which of the following will result in scaling potential in fresh water?
a. Above 115°F
9. Prevention of CUI is best achieved by: b. Above 140 °F
a. Carefully planned periodic inspections C. Above 250°F
.Using quality coatings d. Between 212°F to 350°F
C Careful visual exam of insulation covers

d. None of these are correct

fluid velocities will result in fouling?
10. Insulating materials often "hold moisture"
that creates corrosion. The ability of
2. Which of the following
moisture is known as: a. Above 3FPS
insulation to draw and hold water or
b. Below 3FPS
a. Wicking FPS
o.Saturauon C. Above 5
d. None of the above
C. VWetting
d None of these are correct
How cooling water corrosion will appear in ERW pipes?
require 3.
11. Location of equipment is a concern for CUI. Areas of high moisture that
ciose surveillance of CUl include which of the following: a. Pitting
b. Localized corrosion
a Areas down-wind from cooling towers near
steam vents
areas near supplemental cooling with water
C. Grooving
b. Areas with deluge systems and
d. Cracking.
spray
c. Areas where acid vapors are present steels and other metals caused by
General or localized corrosion of carbon
d Al of the above are correct is
dissolved salts, gases, organic compounds or microbiological activity
12. Poor design and/or installations that aliow water to become trapped will called
a. Cooling water corrosion
increase:
b. Oxidation
a. CUI MIC
b Atmospheric corrosion
C. Galvanic corrosion d. None of the above
d. All of the above related and should be
5. Cooling water corrosion a n d a r e closely
considered together.
a. Stress
b. Velocity
c Fouling9
d. Erosion
 different forms of damage
6. Cooling water corrosion c a n result in many
corrosion. pitting corrosion. stress corrosion
including general 4. Which of the following inspection method is used to defect boiler water
cracking and fouling
condensate corrosion?
a MIC
a. Ultrasonic Thickness measurement
b HIC
c SOHIC b. Radiography
d. All of the above c. Water analysis
d. Chemical Treatment.
7. With very few exceptions, cooling water shouid always be on the.
side to minimize stagnant a r e a s . 5. Corrosion protection in the boiler is accomplished by laying down and
1ube continuously maintaining a layer of_
b. Shell a. Manganese
iniet b. Magnetite
d. Outiet C. Carbon monoxide
d. Carbonate
Which of the materials will affected by cooling water
8 following
corrosion? 6. Corrosion in boiler feed water and condensate return systems is usually the
a Carbon steel result of dissolved gases, oxygen and
and nickel base alloys. a. Carbon monoxide
b. Titanium b. Carbon dioxide
c 300 series SS
c. Material properties
d all of the aboveE. d. H2S

for condensate corrosion is:

method used to monitor boiler water
4.3.5 Boiler Water Condensate Corrosion 7. The common

a. Operational Temp Range Analysis

b. Treatment Chemical (Scavenger) Analysis
1. Which of the following materials will not be affected by boiler water c. Water Analysis
condensate corrosion? d. pH Analysis
a. Carbon stee pitting caused by oxygen is particularly
8. Boiler water condensate corrosion
Low alloy steel
aggressive:
c 300 series SS a. In stagnant flow areas
Nice based alloys b. In high velocity (turbulent) areas

C. When water temps rise rapidly

2. How the boiler water condensate corrosion appears ? d. When water temps fall below design

a General Corrosiorn
b. Localzed corrosion
cPrittung corrosion
d Al of the above

3. Which of the following methods best prevent boiler water condensate

corrosion?
a Adding neutralizing agent
b Orygen scavenging treatment
C Changing material
d Changing design
 Corrosion(MIC)
4.3.8 Microbiologically Induced 7. Proper application of will control but not
eliminate microbes that

mechanisms associated with living cause MiC so that continued treatment is necessary.
1. Which of the following damage
a. Ozone
organisms?
corrosion b. CausticC
a Boiler water condensate
c. Biocides
b .MIC
d. None of the above
coTOsion
c. Cooling water

d All of the above

8.Foul smelling water may be a sign of fouling andlor.
MIC will grow? MIC
2 Which of the following conditions
b. HIC
a Lack of Oxygen
C. SOHIC
b. Temperature 0°F to 235°F
d. All of the above.
c Light of dark
d All of the above such as bacteria, algae or
9. A form of corrosion caused by living organisms
that is often associated with the presence of tubercles or slimy organic
Which of the following equipment will mosty affected by MIC? fungi
3. substances is known as:
a Pressure vessels
b. Caustic Service piping a MIC
c Storage tank bottom b. Soil Corrosion
C. Atmospheric Corrosion
d. All of the above
d. None of these

Which of the following is characteristic of MIC damage? 10. Inspection and Monitoring for MIC is done by:
4 a
treatment is monitored by
a Beach Marks In
a. water systems, effectiveness of
cooling
microbe counts and visual appearance.
DSpider web measuring biocide residual, precede
monitor for evidence of fouling that may
c Cup shaped pits within pits b. Special probes designed to
d. Prung corrosion MIC damage indicate fouling & poterntial
C. Increase in loss of duty of a heat exchanger may
MIC damage often a sign ot
5. Which of the following is an effective method of preventing MIC? and also foul smeling water is
d. All of the above are correct,
a Materiais low velocities trouble with MIC
b Adding biocides

cWrapping and cathotically protecting underground structures

d Painting interior of pressure vessels

. is usually found in aqueous environments or services where

water is sometimes or always present, especially where stagnant or low-flow

conditions allow the growth of microorganisms.

a MIC
b. HIC
c. SOHIC
d None of the above
 43.9Soil Corrosion 7. Soil corrosion affects:
a. Carbon steel, cast iron, & ductile irons
will not be affected by soil corrosion? b. CS, cast & ductile irons, low alloy steels
Which of the following materials
C. CS, cast & ductile irons, low alloy & SS
a Carbon soil
d. None of these are correct.
b. Cast iron
c 300 senes SS U 8. Which of the following critical factors below apply to Soil corrosion?
d None of the above
temperature, moisture and oxygen availability
b. Operating
a. Soil resistivity (condition & characteristics), soil type (water drainage),&
Soil corrosivity is best measured by: soil homogeneity
2.
and
a Soil CoTDsivity testing C. Cathodic protection, stray Current drainage, coating type, age.
b Soil Resistivity testng condition.
d. All of the above are correct
c Sol conducting testing
d Soil Corrositivity cannot be measured to estimate soil
9. Regarding soil corrosion, Soil resistivity is frequently used
because it is to m e a s u r e . Soil resistivity is related to:
corrosivity, mainly easy
corrosion is:
3. The most effective protection of soil
a Special Backfill and coating a. Soil moisture content
b.Comosion resistant coating b. Amount of dissolved electrolytes in soil's water
Specai backil and cathotic protection c. Both A & B are correct
Comosion resistant coating and cathotic protection d. None of these are correct.

moisture content/dissolved salt concentrations/high acidity are

The most commonmethod used for monitoring underground 10. Soils with high
structures is measuring the structure to soil_using
dedicated usually the:
reference electrodes near the structure.
a. Most corrosive
a Resistivty b. Least corrosive
Corrosiveness C. No difference exists
Potential d. None of these

Eecrolye
5. Soil corrosion appears as external thinning with localized losses due to

a Resistrvity
D Pitting
c Genera corrosion
Potentia

Soil to Air interfaceareas are usually more susceptible to corrosion than

the rest of the structure because of . and
availability.
Moisture
b Bactera
c Oxygen
d BandC
A and C
 4.3.10Caustic Corrosion
not affected by caustic corrosion? 4.4.2 Sulfidation
materials are
1. Which of the following
a Carbon steel 1. Sulfidation begins usually above:
b. Low alloy steel a. 300°F
C. 400 series ss b. 500°F
d. 300 senes ss C. 150 F
d. Room temperature
2. Caustic corrosion is most often associated with
a Nucear plants 2. Resistance to sulfidation is determined by
b. Boilers and stearm generating a. Chromium content
C. Oi and gas b. Nickel content
d. Petro chemical C. Carbon content
d. None of the above
3. Caustic corosion is characterized by,
a Unfom coTosion Proactive and retroactive PMi programs are used to check the possibility
b. Pits
3.
of:
c. Grooves
d. Cracks a. caustic corrosion
b. sulfidation
4 Caustic corrosion is best prevented by C. chloride scc
a. Proper design d. amine sc.
b. Upgrading material
Heat treatment
4 Susceptibility to sulfidation is determined by the ofthe
d. All of the above
material.
5. Caustic corosion is the a. ability to form protective sulfide scale
problem in high strength caustic solutions above
a 300°F b. Tensile strength
b. 500 F C. Chemical composition
C 150 F d. Yield strength.
d. Room temperature

6.
5. Which of the following are affected by sulfidation?
Which of the following material is resistant to caustic corrosion? a. Carbon steel
a. 300 series ss
b. 300 Series SS
b. Low alloy steel
400 Series SS
C. Aloy 400 d. All of the above
d. Duplex ss
7. Localized corrosion due to the
concentration of 6. Sulfidation is also known as-
thatusually occurs under evaporative conditionscaustic or alkaline salts Sulfur corrosion
is b. Sulfate corrosion
Carbonate corrosion C. Sulfidic corrosion
b. Caustic corrosion
d. None of the above
C. Alkaline corrosion
d. None of the above
 levels of are:
similar to stainless steels in that similar 5. Above 45% nickel content the chloride SCC possibility
7.Nickel base alloys are
a. Greatest possibility
to sulfidation
resistance
similar
provide b. Highly resistant
a Chromium
C. Nearly immune
d. None of the above
b. Nickel
c. Carbon. to detect chloride SCC?
methods are preferred
d. None of the above 6. Which of the following NDT
also occur ET
a. PT and phased analysis
can
uniform thinning but
is most often in the form of
8. Sulfidation b. PT and UT
as C. PT and RT
a C a r b o n a t e corrosion
d. WFMT and UT
b. Localized corrosion. method is used for the
c Erosion- corosion 7. which of the following surface preparation
detection of extreme fine cracks:
d. B and C of the above
a. Grid blasting
by the presence of: b. High pressure water blast
9. Sulfidation damage is
accelerated

c. Grinding
Hyorogen d. Sand blasting
Sulfur include all of the
Stress Corrosion Cracking
Salts 8. Critical factors for Chloride
d. Corrosive Water following EXCEPT:
a. Chloride content

4.5.1 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (CL.SCC) b. pH & temperature

C. Alloy composition
chloride SCC?
1. Which of the following
materials are highly susceptible to d. Stress & presence of CO?
a. Carbon steel

b. Low alloy steel

300 series SS.
d. All of the abovee
(Caustic Embritlement)
4.5.3 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking
2. Chloride SCC usually occurs at metal temperature above:
to caustic primarly:
in piping and equipment exposed
a 300°F
1. Caustic SCC occur
b. 1401
a. In carbon steel only
C.175'F b. Adjacent to non
Pwht'd welds
d 285 F
C. Heat afected zone
d. All of the above
3. Chloride SCC usually occurs at PH values:
1 to 7 to caustic SCC?
a 2. Which of the following
materials is more resistant
b. Less than 2
a. Nickel base alloys
C. Above 2
d. None of the above b. Chromium base alloys
based alloys
C. Molybdenum
4. The greatest susceptibility for chloride SCC is at nickel content of d. 300 series SS
a. 8% to 12%
b. Above 35%
C. Above 45%
d. None of the above
 when concentrating
SCC
5.1.1.4 HydrochloricAcid (HCI) Corrosion
occurs
concentration caustic
3. At what caustic
mechanism is present? excessive hydrochloric acid
1. Carbon steel and low alloy steels are subject to
Less than 100 ppm acid that produces a pH
when exposed to any concentration of HCl
b. 1 to 20 ppm corrosion
C. 50 to 100 ppm below
d 250 to 500 ppm a 6.0
b.
PWHT should be carried out
at:
4. To prevent caustic SCC c.
a. 1200 F d 4.5
b. 1150F common method
1100F 2. downstream of the desalter is another
_injection
d. 1000-F used to reduce the amount of HCI going overhead.

out, equipment should

be: a. Hydrogen
5. To prevent caustic CC before steam

a. Heat treated b. Nitrogen

b. Water washed
C. Water
d. Caustic.
c. Acid cieaned
d. Sand blasted most often associated with:
3.Hydrochloric acid corrosion is
a. Sulfidation.
6. Caustic SCC detection is best performed with WFMT,EC,RT or
b. Oxidation.
UT c. MIC.
b. Phased array ET d. Dew point corrosion.
C. ACFM
PT corrosion:
4.Which of the following materials have good resistance to HCL
a.

a. Carbon steel.
7. Which of the following surface preparation methods are used for caustic
b. 400 SS.
sCC detection:
C. 300 SS.
a. Grid blasting
d. Titanium and Nickel base alloys.
b. High pressure water blasting
C. Grinding 5. HCL corrosion in 300 series appears as:
d. Only a and b
a.Localized corrosion.
b. Oxidation.
c.Pitting
d.Chloride stress corrosion cracking
be detected by:
6. The rate and extent of damage due to HCL corrosion can

a. UT
bC. RT
Strategically placed corrosion probes.
d. None of the above
 (Acidic)
5.1.1.10 Sour Water Corrosion 5.1.1.11 Sulfuric Acid Corrosion
water containing9
of steel due to acid
sour
is corrosion
highly resistant to sulfuric acid
1.Sour water corrosion 1. Which of the following materials is
H2s at a PH between: corrosion?
1 to a. Alloy 20
4.5 to 7 . Alloy 2204
C 35 to 7 Alloy C276
C.
d 1 to 4.5
. High Nickel cast iron
water corrosion?
materials is susceptible to sour
2. Which of the following concentration is:
if acid
2. Carbon Steel corrosion rates increase significantly
a Carbon steel Above 50%
a.
b 300 Senes SS Above 65 %
b.
c 400 Series ss
C. Below 65 %
d. Both B and C.
d. None of the abovee
_containing environments may be
3. Sour water coTosion i n
SCC. the
accompanied by carbonate 3. Sulfuric acid attacks generally on

a. Weld
HES
D. HAZ
CO
C. Weld slagg
d. Basement
d.
be used for sour water service at temperatures belowv
4. 300 Series SS can _are critical
where Chloride SCC is not likely.
4.Acid concentration, temperature, alloy
content
and
corrosion.
factors affecting sulfuric acid
a. 120
140 F a. Pressure
150° F b. Stress
175 C c. Velocity
method is used to detect sour water corrosion? d. Ductility
5. Which of the following NDT
a. Uitrasonic scanning units include reactor effluent
in sulfuric acid Alkylation
b. Profile RT 5. Areas of vulnerability and t h e treating
deisobutanizer, overhead systems
cUTthickress gauging lires, reboilers,
& 8B system.
d. A a. Caustic
b. Sulfuric acid
c. Catalyst
d. H'S.
cause heat to be
acid corrosion, mix points with_
6. With sulfuric where the acid becomes diluted.
corrosion rates c a n o c c u r
released and high
a. Water

b. Hydrogen
C. H'S
d. Caustic
 the presence of oxidizers can the
acid corosion,
7.With sulfuric
4. Amine cracking initiate on the:
corrosion rate.
a Increase a. ID of piping
b. Decrase b. OD of piping
c Stabize c. Midwall thickness of piping
d Eliminate d. None of the above

corrosion, alloys such as Alloy

20 resist dilute acid 5. Amine cracking is a form of. stress corrosion cracking.
8.With sulfuric acid
film on the surface. a. Hydrogen
corosion and fom a protective_
a Sulfide b. Caustic
b Chiornde c. Polythionic
d. Alkaline
Cironsulfate
diron oxide. 6. Amine stress corrosion cracking is most often
associated with lean amine
services. The pure alkanolamine does not c a u s e cracking.
Cracking in rich
carbon steel corrosion rates increases
9. With sulfuric acid corrosion, amine services are most often associated with_problems.
significanty if the fiow velocity
exceeds about fps a. HS
6-9 b. Stress
5-7 C. Wet HS
d. Temperature.
L-6
acid corrosion? 7. Amine SCC can be prevented through:
method is used to detect sulfuric
10. Which of the following NDT a. PWHT.
a. UT or RT. b. Use clad SS or alloy 400.
Comosion monitoring with coupons. before welding.
C. Water wash non pwht'd piping
c ER probes d. All of the above
dAll of the above
not effective in finding tight and/or scale
8. Which of the following NDT is usually
5.122 Amine Stress Corrosion Cracking filled cracks and should not be used

not affected by amine SCc?

1. Which of the foliowing materials
are a. WFMT.

a Cabon stee b. ACFM.

b Low alloy steel C. PT
d. All of the above
c 300 seres SS
A l l of the above for WFMT is:
9. Surface preparation required
a. Grit blasting.
2. Amine SCC is often associated with: b. high pressure water blasting
a Rich amine services C. sand blasting
b Lean am1ne service d. A & B of the above.
c Caustc concentration

d None of the above

3. Amine SCC crack detection is best performed with ACFM or

a VWFMT

b UT
RT
d PT
 (Blistering/HICISOHICISSC)

5.1.2.3Wet H2S Damage without applied or residual stress

.
and _damage develop
so that PWHT will not prevent them from occurrin9

on the ID ,the OD or
a. SOHIC, Blistering
form as surface bulges
Which of the following may ?
1. vessels due to hydrogen b. SCC, SOHIC
of pipe or pressure
within the wall
thickness C. HIC, SCC
HIC d. Blistering, HIC
d.

b. SO HIC metal under the

as cracking of
Hydrogen blisters 8. Sulfide stress cracking (SSC) is defined of
C. corrosion in the presence
combined action of tensile stress and
d. SSC
2. SSC generally occurs below about: and
a. 300°F a. Sulfur, Oxide
b. 180 F b. Hydrogen, water
C. 350 F C. HS, Oxygen
212 F d. Water, H'S

applications stress corrosion cracking.

carbon steels ussed in refinery 9. SSC is a form of
3. TO avoid SSC low strength a. Hydrogen
welds hardness below?
should be controlled to produce b. Caustic
a 250 HB c. Polythionic
b 241 HB d. Alkaline
C. 200HB form of
potentially m o r e damaging
is similar to HIC but is
a
225 HB 10. each other.
d.
as of cracks stacked on top of
arrays
cracking which appearsthickness crack that is perpendicular
to the surface
PWHT? The result is a through
4. Which of the following will be prevented effectively by
and is driven by high levels of
stress.
. Hydrogen blisters
MIC
b. HIC b. SOHIC
SSC C. Sulfuric SCC
All of the above d. None of the above
d
heat-affected zones
found in hard weld and
5. SOHIC and SSC damage is most often
associated with: 11. is most likely
HAZ and in high strength components.
a.
Base metal a HIC
b. SSC
C. Weldment c. SOHIC
d. Branches d. Blistering
focuses on weld seams and
is used for WFMT? H2S damage generally
6. Which of the following preparation methods 12. Inspection for wet
a. HAZ
b. Nozzles
a. GRIT blasting
C. Trays
O. High pressure water blasting d. Down comer
Both of the above
None of the above
 4.2.16 MECHANICAL FATIGUE
TERMS

Hydroaen Attack (HTHA) ANS ANS

QNO QNO
5.1.3.1 Hiah Temperature 1 B A

1. HTRA is caused by formation

of
Graphics
Methane

C. Sutfide 4.2.7 BRITTLE FRACTURE

d Hydnde ANS
QNO
resistant to HTHA?
of the following
material is highly
Which
2.
a Cr-0 5 Mo
b5.0Cr-0.5 Mo
CCr-1.0Mo
Al of the above
10
HTHA can be confimed through the base of:
3.
PT
Metaliographic analysis 4.3.1-GALVANIC CORROSION

Ultrasonic scanning's ANS

QNO
Profile Radiography

of velocity ratio and_ have

using a combination 10
Ultrasonic techniques
4. serious cracking?
in finding fissuring and
or
been the most successful D
AUBT
4.2.14 EROsiON/EROSiON-CORROSiON
WRIMT
ACFM QNO ANS
ECT 4.3.2 ATMOSPHERIc cORROSION

5.300 Series SS, 5Cr. 9Cr andin12Cr alioys are

notsusceptiblie to. QNO ANS
seenrefineries.
at conditions nomally
SCC
SOHC

A
recommended for
considerations, what steel alloy is no longer
6. Due to HTHA
services?
new construction in hot hydrogen

a Mn YMo
A
b 1%CrZ Ma
D
1Cr 1Mo
10
 4.3.8 MIC
ANS 5.1.1.4 HCI
4.3.3 CORROSION UNDER INSULATION(CUI) 4.4.2 SULFIDATION
QNO ANS
ANS QNO ANS QNO
QNO D B
D
2 A
C

D
D
5

5.1.1.1050UR WATER CORROSION

9 ANS
10 QNO
10 C

4.3.9 SOIL CORROSION 4.5.1 CI-SCC

ANS QNO ANS

QNO
C
D

CORROSiON
4.3.4 COOUNG WATER

QNO ANS 5.1.1.11 sULFURIC ACID

CORROSION

1 ANS
QNO
C

10 4.5.3 CAUSTIC EMBRTTLEMENT

ANS
QNO
4.3.10 CAUSTIC CORROSION 1
QNO ANS
4.3.5 BOILER WATER cONDENSATE CORROSiON
QNO ANS 10 D

A
C
D
C

B
 5.1.3.1 HTHA
cORROSION CRACKING ANS
S . 1 1 2 AMINE
STRESS
QNO
ANS
QNO
B

5.123 Wet H2s Damage

ANS
QNO

API 572
B
11