CHUYÊN ĐỀ : CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG (PASSIVE VOICE)

I. Trọng tâm kiến thức

1. Kiến thức chung
– Câu bị động có chức năng nhấn mạnh người/vật tiếp nhận hành động.
– Công thức: S + to be + Vpp + by O
- Lưu ý "by + O":
+ Bắt buộc bỏ: by + people/someone/somebody / no one / nobody
+ Có thể bỏ: by + me/you/them/us/him/her
+ Vị trí: Thời gian đứng sau “by + O"; Nơi chốn đứng trước “by + O".
2. Bị động với các thì
Thì Chủ động Bị động
Đơn S + V-ed + O. S + was/were + Vpp + (by + 0).
She wrote a letter yesterday. A letter was written (by her) yesterday.
Tiếp S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being + Vpp + (by + O).
diễn. They were buying a car at 9 am yesterday. A car was being bought at 9 am yesterday.
Quá Hoàn S + had + Vpp +O S + had + been + Vpp + (by Ο).
khứ thành He had finished his report before 10 p.m His report had been finished before 10
yesterday. p.m yesterday.
Hoàn S + had + been + V-ing + O. S + had + been + being + Vpp + (by +
thành I had been typing the essay for 3 hours O).
tiếp diễn before you came yesterday. The essay had been being typed for 3
hours before you came yesterday.
Đơn S + V(s/es) + O. S+ is/am/are + Vpp + (by + Ο).
Mary studies English every day. English is studied by Mary every day.
Tiếp S + is/am/are + V-ing + O. S + is/am/are + being + Vpp + (by + O).
diễn He is planting some trees now. Some trees are being planted (by him)
now.
Hiện
tại Hoàn S + have/has + Vpp + O. S + have/has + been + Vpp + (by + O).
thành My parents have given me a new bike on A new bike has been given to me by my
my birthday. parents on my birthday.

Hoàn S + have/has + been + V-ing + O. S + have/has + been + being + Vpp + (by

thành John has been repairing this car for 2 + O).
tiếp diễn hours. This car has been being repaired by John
for 2 hours.
Đơn S + will + V (bare) + O. S + will + be + Vpp + (by Ο).
She will do a lot of things tomorrow. A lot of things will be done tomorrow.

Tiếp S + will + be +V-ing + O. S + will + be + being + Vpp + (by O).

diễn She will be taking care of her children at Her children will be being taken care of at
this time tomorrow this time tomorrow.
Tương
lai Hoàn S + will + have + Vpp + O. S + will + have + been + Vpp + (by O).
thành She will have finished her studying by the Her studying will have been finished by
end of this year. the end of this year.

Hoàn S + will + have + been + V-ing + O. S + will + have +been + being + Vpp +
thành I will have been teaching English for 5 (by O).
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 tiếp diễn years by next week. English will have been being taught by me
for 5 years by next week.

Modal verbs S + modal verb + V + O S + modal verb + be + Vpp + (by O).

He should clean his house now. His house should be cleaned now.
* Vpp là dạng quá khứ phân từ của động từ
3. Bị động đặc biệt
a. Động từ (V) + Tân ngữ (O) + V(bare infinitive)
– Động từ tri giác quan: feel, see, watch, hear, notice: S + be Vpp + to V
Ví dụ: I see him go out → He is seen to go out.
– Make/Help: S + be made + to V
Ví dụ: They made him tell the truth→ He was made to tell the truth.
– Let: S + be allowed + to V
Ví dụ: She lets me know the truth → I am allowed to know the truth.
b. Động từ (V) + Tân ngữ (0) + To V
– Động từ cảm xúc, mong muốn: like, hate, love, want, prefer... O + to V
S + V + to be Vpp
Ví dụ: I like people to call me by my nickname. → I like to be called by my nickname.
– Động từ mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu, khuyên, mời: ask, tell, advise, warn, invite, urge... O + to V
S + be Vpp + (not) to V
Ví dụ: He told me to give him money → I was told to give him money.
c. Động từ (V) + Tân ngữ (O ) + V-ing
– see, hear, find, stop, keep + O + V-ing:
S + be Vpp + V-ing
Ví dụ: She stops me entering the room → I am stopped entering the room.
– like, love, remember... + V-ing
S+V+ being Vpp
Ví dụ: He likes people smiling at him→ He likes being smiled at.
d. Động từ tường thuật + mệnh đề với “that”
– Động từ tường thuật thường gặp: assume, think, consider, know, believe, say. suppose, suspect, rumour,
declare, feel, find, know, report,...
– Chủ động: S + V tường thuật + that + clause
– Bị động:
Cách 1:
+ 2 mệnh đề cùng thì: S + be Vpp + to V
Ví dụ: People say that Henry loves Claire. → Henry is said to love Claire.
+ 2 mệnh đề khác thì: S + be Vpp + to have Vpp
Ví dụ: People say that Hery loved Claire. → Henry is said to have loved Claire.
Cách 2: It + be Vpp + that + clause
Ví dụ: People say that Henry loves Claire. →It is said that Henry loves Clair.
f. Thể sai khiến, nhờ vả với HAVE/GET
S + have + somebody +V-bare
Ví dụ: I had my dad wash my motorbike yesterday.
S + get + somebody + to V
Ví dụ: I got my dad to wash my motorbike yesterday.
S + have/ get + something + Vpp + (by + O)
Ví dụ: I had / got my motorbike washed by my dad yesterday.
Lưu ý: "Have” và “Get” phải chia động từ theo chủ ngữ và thì của câu.
g. Câu bị động với NEED
Chủ động: Somebody + need + to V
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- Bị động: Something + need + V-ing hoặc Something + need to be + Vpp
Lưu ý: "need" phải chia động từ theo chủ ngữ và thì của câu.
Ví dụ: She needs to type the report. (chủ động)
The report needs typing. (bị động)
The report needs to be typed. (bị động)
II. Luyện tập tổng hợp
Choose the correct answer to each question.
1. The flood victims ________ with food and clean water by the volunteers. (Đề minh hoạ Bộ GD&ĐT năm
2021)
A. provide B. were provided C. were providing D. provided
2. Jane would never forget ____________ first prize in such a prestigious competition. (Đề minh hoạ Bộ
GD&ĐT năm 2019)
A. to be awarded B. being awarded C. to have awarded D. having awarded
3. The headmaster has decided that three lecture halls ___________ in our school next semester. (Đề chính thức
Bộ GD&ĐT năm 2015)
A. will build B. will be built C. are being built D. will be building
4. Harry Potter books, which __________ by J.K. Rowling, are very popular with children around the world.
(Đề chính thức Bộ GD&ĐT năm 2014)
A. were written B. will write C. will be written D. wrote
5. She was overjoyed because her article _________. (Đề chính thức Bộ GD&ĐT năm 2013)
A. had published B. had been published C. has been published D. has published
6. The room ___________ when I arrived. (Đề chính thức Bộ GD&ĐT năm 2012)
A. is cleaned B. is being cleaned C. was being cleaned D. has been cleaned
7. Today, most of the work on the farm _________ by machines. (Đề chính thức Bộ GD&ĐT năm 2011)
A. did B. is done C. do D. is doing
8. The application form ___________ to the university before May 30th.
A. must send B. sent C. must be sending D. must be sent
9. Most forests in other climatic areas __________ by human beings.
A. have already been affecting B. have already been affected
C. have already affected D. had already been affected
10. The injured __________ to the hospital in an ambulance.
A. have taken B. were taken C. was taken D. has taken
11. There's somebody behind us. I think we are ___________.
A. being followed B. followed C. being following D. following
12. It's sunny today. I think plants in the garden need ____________.
A. watering B. to be watered C. being watered D. Both A and B
13. Some film stars __________ difficult to work with.
A. are said to be B. say to be C. said to be D. are said that
14. Why did Tom keep making jokes of me? I don't really enjoy ___________ at.
A. that I was laughed B. that he laughed C. being laughed D. to be laughed
15. This is the fifth time I __________ a phone call for a hairdresser's. I wonder if our number _________ by
mistake in a hairdresser's advertisement.
A. am receiving - is printing B. have received - has been printed
C. had received - were printing D. was received - was printed
16. Every year, more than 200,000 acres of forest _________ in the USA by fires in a single summer.
A. were destroying B. have been destroying C. will have destroyed D. are destroyed
17. Serving as the president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, Carrie Chapman Catt
__________ success in 1920 when women _________ equal rights to vote in the US.
A. has achieved would be given B. had achieved - were giving
C. achieved were given D. could achieve - have been given
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18. When she __________ her husband, Silvia ________ herself to weave rush seats, and now she repairs them
for her livelihood.
A. divorced-taught B. has divorced - was teaching
C. is divorced-will be taught D. was divorced - has taught
19. I __________ able to calculate quotations for customers since the company procedure __________ to me.
A. will be has explained B. have been - was explained
C. was had explained D. am will have explained
20. The disease of cattle, Texas Fever, ___________ in the Western Hemisphere during the Spanish
colonisation of Mexico, but by 1980, it __________ completely from the US.
A. had introduced - was eradicated B. must be introduced - could be eradicated
C. has been introduced - had eradicated D. was introduced - had been eradicated

1. Jack has a right to know. He ...................the news immediately. If you don't do it, I will.
A. ought to tell B. ought to be told C. may tell D. may be told
2. What I told Bill was a secret. He ..............it to you.
A. shouldn't have repeated B. shouldn't repeat
C. shouldn't be repeat D. shouldn't have been repeated
3. A package ...............carefully before it is mailed.
A. has to be wrapped B. has to wrap
C. had to be wrapped D. had to wrap
4. I don't know why Jessica wasn't at the meeting. She .................about it.
A. must forget B. must be forgotten
C. must have been forgotten D. must have forgotten
5. The games are open to anyone who wants to join in. Everyone .................
A. can be participated B. could be participated
C. can participate D. could participate
6. This burnt out light bulb.................days ago. Could you do it for me?
A. might be replaced B. might have been replaced
C. should have been replaced D. should be replaced
7. You'd better not drink that river water. It ................
A. could be polluted B. could pollute
C. can be polluted D. can pollute
8. I think everyone .............this paperback on the economic crisis. It contains information that
everyone should have.
A. should be read B. should read
C. should have been read D. should have read
9. Your passport ................... It is invalid without your signature.
A. is supposed to sign B. is supposed to be signed
C. was supposed to sign D. was supposed to be signed
10. A bald eagle ................from the other large birds by its white head and white tail.
A. can distinguish B. can be distinguished C. could distinguish D. could be
distinguished
11. When you are on duty, your uniform .................at all times
A. must be worn B. must wear C. must have worn D. must have been worn

1. We can’t go along here because the road _____.

a. is repairing b. is repaired c. is being repaired d. repaires
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2. The story I’ve just read _____ Agatha Christie.
a. was written b. was written by c. was written from d. wrote by
3. Why don’t you have your brother _____ the roof?
a repairs b. repair c. repaired d. to repair
4. The man died because medical help was not summoned. A doctor should _____.
a. be have called b. been called c. be called d. have been called
5. Something funny _____ in class yesterday.
a. happened b. was happened c. happens d. is happened
6. Many US automobiles _____ in Detroit, Michigan.
a. manufacture b. have manufactured
c. are manufactured d. are manufacturing
7. A lot of pesticide residue can _____ on unwashed produce.
a. find b. found c. be finding d. be found
8. We _____ by a loud noise during the night.
a. woke up b. are woken up c. were woken up d. were waking up
9. How did that window _____? ~ I don’t know.
a. get broken b. broke c. got broken d. broken
10. Some film stars _____ difficult to work with.
a. are said be b. are said to be c. say to be d. said to be
11. Last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It _____ everything in its path.
a. destroyed b. was destroyed
c. was being destroyed d. has been destroyed
12. Vitamin C _____ by the human body. It gets into blood stream quickly.
a. absorbs easily b. is easily absorbing
c. is easily absorbed d. absorbed easily
13. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? I don’t enjoy _____ at.
a. be laughed b. to be laughed c. laughing d. being laughed
14. John _____ last week.
a. had his house painted b. had painted his house
c. had his father to paint d. had his house paint
15. Today, many serious childhood diseases _____ by early immunization.
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
16. ‘_____ about the eight o’clock flight to Chicago?’ ‘Not yet.’
a. Has been an announcement made b. Has an announcement made
c. Has an announcement been made d. Has been made an announcement
17. ‘Has the commitee made its decision yet?’
‘Not yet. They are still _____ the proposal.’
a. considering b. been considered c. being considered d. considered
18. I might watch this programme. It _____ very funny.
a. supposes to be b. is supposed being
c. is supposed to be d. was supposed be
19. Do you get your heating _____ every year?
a. checking b. check c. be checked d. checked
20. Claude Jennings is said _____ his memory.
a to have been lost b. to be lost c. to have lost d. to lose
21. All bottles _________ before transportation.
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 A. frozen B. is frozen C. was frozen D. were frozen
22. Everything that _________ remained a secret.
A. had be overheard B. had been overheard
C. had been overheared D. would had been overheard
23. Everything ___________.
A. were forbidden B. is forbidden C. is forbidded D. are forbidden
24. Everything___________________________.
A. are going to be forgotten B. is going to be forgotten
C. is going to be forgot D. were going to be forgotten
25. I___________________________.
A. have not given the money B. have not been given the money
C. have not been give the money D. have not be given the money
26. It _______ for years.
A. has not been known B. had not been known C. had not be known D. have not been known
27. It _________ that learning English is easy.
A. are said B. said C. is said D. is sayed
28. John and Ann___________________________.
A. were not mislead B. were not misleeded C. was not misled D. were not misled
29. Our horses ________.
A. are well feeded B. are well fed C. is well fed D. is well feeded
30. Peter and Tom _________ in an accident yesterday.
A. is hurt B. is hurted C. were hurt D. were hurted
31. South Florida and HawaiI _________ by a hurricane.
A. is hit B. have been hit C. have are hit D. has been hit
32. The battles _________ for liberation .
A. had be fought B. had been fighted C. had been fought D. has been fought
33. Bicycles_________ in the driveway.
A. must not leave B. must not be leaving C. must not be left D. must not have left
34. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony_________ next weekend
A. is going to be performed B. has been performedC. will be performing D. will have perform
35. All bottles_________ before transportation.
A. frozen B. were froze C. were frozen D. are froze
36. ______________________.yet?
A. Have the letters been typed B. Have been the letters typed
C. Have the letters typed D. Had the letters typed
37. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore where `____
_____ for administration, broadcasting and education.
A. is used B. it is used C. used D. being used
38. The telephones_________ by Alexander Graham Bell.
A. is invented B. is inventing C. invented D. was invented
39. Lots of houses_________ by the earthquake.
A. are destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. is destroyed
40. Gold_________ in California in the 19th century.
A. was discovered B. has been discovered C. was discover D. they discover
41. The preparation_________ by the time the guest_________
A. had been finished- arrived B. have finished- arrived
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 C. had finished-were arriving D. have been finished- were arrived
42. The boy_________ by the teacher yesterday.
A. punish B. punished C. punishing D. was punished
43. “Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon”_ “They’ve already ______, sir. They’re on yo
ur desk.”
A. typed B. been being typed C. being typed D. been typed
44. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It___________ of cotton.
A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made
45. They had a boy _________ that yesterday.
A. done B. to do C. did D. do
46. We got our mail _________ yesterday.
A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver
47. Her watch needs _________.
A. repairing B. to be repaired C. repaired D. A and B
48. These tennis courts don’t _________ very often. Not many people want to play.
A. got used B. used C. get used D. get use
49. I’ll get Minh _________ this for you. A. do B. done C. did D. to do
50. Those letters _________ now. You can do the typing later.
A. need typing B. needn't be typed C. need to type D . needn't typing
51. “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it_________ especially for me by a French t
ailor.”
A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made
52. Over 1500 new houses _________ each year. Last year, 1720 new houses _________.
A. were built/ were built B. are built/ were built
C. are building / were built D. were built/ were being built
53. The new computer system _________ next month.
A. is be installed B. is being installed C. is been installed D. is being installed by people

1. I'll have the boys______ the chairs.

a. paint b. to paint c. painted d. painting
2. I am going to have a new house______
a. build b. to build c. built d. building
3. Have these flowers______ to her office, please.
a. taken b. taking c. take d. to take
4. You should have your car______ before going.
a. servicing b. to service c. service d. serviced
5. I'll have a new dress______ for my daughter.
a. making b. to make c. make d. made
6. Pupils should have their eyes______ regularly.
a. tested b. to test c. test d. testing
7. Lisa had the roof______ yesterday.
a. repair b. repaired c. to repair d. repairing
8. They have just had air conditioning______ in their house.
a. install b. to install c. installed d. installing
9. We had the room______ yesterday
a. decorates b. had decorated c. decorated d. decorating
10. The villagers have had the use of this washing machine______ by this engineer.

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 a. explain b. explained c. to explain d. explains
11. By______ the housework done, we have time to further our studies.
a. taking b. to have c. having d. to get
12. The government has had new houses______ in the rural areas.
a. build b. built c. to be built d. building
13. They had the swamp______ last year.
a. drain b. to drain c. cut d. to cut
14. She is going to have her wedding dress______
a. cutting b. cuts c. cut d. to cut
15. It's about time you had your house______
a. whitewash b. whitewashed c. whitewashing d. to whitewash
64. It has been said that UFO sightings are increasing. `
A. People say that UFO sightings are increasing.
B. People have said that UFO sightings are increasing.
C. That UFO sightings are increasing is true.
D. UFO has been said to be inreasing.
65. People consider that his speech was one of the best.
A. It was considered that his speech was one of the best.
B. People are considered that his speech was one of the best.
C. It is considered that his speech was one of the best.
D. People were considered that his speech was one of the best.