GRADE 12/GRAAD 12

PHYSICAL SCIENCES/FISIESE
WETENSKAPPE
PAPER 1 (PHYSICS)/VRAESTEL 1
(FISIKA)

JUNE 2016/JUNIE 2016

MEMORANDUM

MARKS: 150/PUNTE: 150

This memorandum consists of 13 pages.

Hierdie memorandum bestaan uit 13 bladsye.

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Grade 12/Graad 12 Memorandum

QUESTION 1/VRAAG 1

1.1 A
1.2 B
1.3 C
1.4 D
1.5 A
1.6 C
1.7 A
1.8 C
1.9 A
1.10 D
[20]

QUESTION 2/VRAAG 2

2.1 The force that opposes the motion Die krag wat die beweging van
of an object and which 'n voorwerp teenwerk en wat
acts parallel to the surface. parallel met die oppervlak inwerk. (2)

2.2 When a resultant/net force acts on an Wanneer 'n resulterende/netto krag op 'n
object, the object accelerates in the voorwerp inwerk, versnel die voorwerp in die
direction of the (net) force at rigting van die (netto) krag teen
an acceleration directly proportional 'n versnelling direk eweredig aan die krag
to the force and en
inversely proportional to the mass omgekeerd eweredig aan die massa
of the object. van die voorwerp. (3)

2.3 Marking criteria Nasienkriteria

N Correct arrow and label for Korrekte pyl en byskrif vir
F each force: elke krag:
Comparative lengths of Vergelykende lengtes van
f arrows are not required. pyle word nie vereis nie.
Components of forces and Komponente van kragte en
T numbers are not accepted. getalle word nie aanvaar
w nie.
Accepted labels / Aanvaarbare byskrifte
Fw / Fg / mg / Fweight / Weight / Gravitational force /
Force of gravity
w
Fw / Fg / mg / Fgewig / Gewig / Gravitasiekrag
Fapplied
F
Ftoegepas
FT / Tension / Force of rope on block
T
FT / Spanning / Spankrag / Spanningskrag / Krag van
tou op blok
Ffriction / Ff / Friction / Frictional force / Force of friction
f
Fwrywing / Ff / Wrywing / Wrywingskrag
FN / Fnormal / Normal force (5)
N
FN / Fnormaal / Normaalkrag

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2.4
OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 Accept / Aanvaar OPTION 3 / OPSIE 3
fk = µkN f = µN If proportion is used: First proof that
= µkmgcosθ
µ2 = µ4. If not; max 2/4.
= (0,589) x (2)(9,8)cos30°
As eweredigheid gebruik word: Bewys
eers dat µ2 = µ4. Indien nie; maks 2/4.
= 10 N
Accept / Aanvaar
OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2 fk = µkN f = µN
= µ4mgcosθ
N = mgcosθ 20 = µ4(4)(9,8)cos30°
= (2)(9,8)(cos30°) µ4 = 0,589
= 16,974 N
Accept / Aanvaar m2 : m4 = 1 : 2
fk = µkN f = µN f2 : f4 = 1 : 2
= (0,589)(16,974) f2 = ½ x 20 = 10 N
= 10 N
(4)

2.5 From 2.4 / Vanaf 2.4

OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2

+ +
Fnet = ma Fnet = ma

4 kg: 73,8 - T - 20 - (4)(9,8)(sin 30°) = 4a 4 kg: -73,8 + T + 20 + (4)(9,8)(sin 30°) = -4a

2 kg: T - 10 - (2)(9,8)(sin 30°) = 2a 2 kg: -T + 10 + (2)(9,8)(sin 30°) = -2a

T = 24,6 N T = 24,6 N

OPTION 3 / OPSIE 3 System method: Max: 4/6

+
Sisteemmetode: Maks: 4/6
Fnet = ma

73,8 - 20 - 10 - (4)(9,8)(sin 30°) - (2)(9,8)(sin 30°) = 6a

T = 24,6 N

OPTION 4 / OPSIE 4 System method: Max: 4/6

+
Sisteemmetode: Maks: 4/6
Fnet = ma

-73,8 + 20 + 10 + (4)(9,8)(sin 30°) + (2)(9,8)(sin 30°) = -6a

T = 24,6 N (6)

2.6.1 Remains the same. ( ) Bly dieselfde. ( ) (2)

2.6.2 Remains the same. ( ) Bly dieselfde. ( ) (2)

2.6.3 Increases ( ) Vermeerder ( ) (2)

[26]

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QUESTION 3/VRAAG 3

3.1
FGas on rocket Marking criteria Nasienkriteria
FGas op vuurpyl Up arrow and correct label: Op-pyl en korrekte byskrif:
Down arrow and correct label: Af-pyl en korrekte byskrif:
FEarth on rocket Up arrow > down arrow: Op-pyl > af-pyl:
FAarde op vuurpyl If dot not shown: max 2/3 As kol nie gewys is nie: maks 2/3
Accepted labels / Aanvaarbare byskrifte
w / Fw / Fg / mg / Fweight / Weight / Gravitational
FEarth on rocket force / Force of gravity
FAarde op vuurpyl
w / Fw / Fg / mg / Fgewig / Gewig / Gravitasiekrag
Fpropulsion / Fapplied / Propulsion / Propulsive force
FGas on rocket
FGas op vuurpyl
Fstukrag / Ftoegepas / Stukrag / Aandrywingskrag (3)

3.2.1 Upwards Opwaarts (1)

3.2.2 Downwards Afwaarts (1)

3.3 Weight is the only force acting on the rocket. (2)

Q –
Gewig is die enigste krag wat op die vuurpyl inwerk.
3.4.1
OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 + If downwards is chosen as positive: max 2/3.
Indien afwaarts as positief gekies is: maks 2/3.
vf = vi + a∆t
112,8 = 0 + a(4) Example for option 1 / Voorbeeld vir opsie 1
a = 28,2 m·s-2
vf = vi + a∆t +
-112,8 = 0 + a(4)
OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2 + a = -28,2 m·s-2
∆x = vi∆t + ½a∆t2
Similar for options two and three.
225,6 = 0 + ½(a)(42)
Soortgelyk vir opsie twee en drie.
a = 28,2 m·s-2

OPTION 3 / OPSIE 3 +

vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆x

112,82 = 02 + 2(a)(225,6)
a = 28,2 m·s-2 (3)

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3.4.2
OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 + If downwards is chosen as positive: max 4/6.
Indien afwaarts as positief gekies is: maks 4/6.
∆t(RG) ∆y = vi∆t + ½a∆t2 Example: Option 1 / Voorbeeld: Opsie 1
-225,6 = 112,8∆t + ½(-9,8)∆t2
+
∆t(RG) ∆y = vi∆t + ½a∆t2
∆t = 24,872 s 225,6 = -112,8∆t + ½(9,8)∆t2
∆t = 24,872 s
∆t (total / totaal) = 24,872 + 4 ∆t (total / totaal) = 24,872 + 4
= 28,87 s = 28,87 s
Similar for options two and three.
Soortgelyk vir opsie twee en drie.

OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2 +
∆t(RS) vf = vi + a∆t
0 = 112,8 + (-9,8)∆t
∆t = 11,510 s

∆y(RS) ∆y = vi∆t + ½a∆t2  v f + vi 

= (112,8)(11,510) + ½(-9,8)(11,510)2 OR / OF ∆y =   ∆t
 2 
= 649,176 m
 0 + 112,8 
= (11,510 )
vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆x  2 
OR / OF 02 = (112,82) + 2(-9,8)∆x = 649,164 m
∆x = 649,176 m

∆y = vi∆t + ½a∆t2
∆t(SG)
(-649,176 - 225,6) = 0 + ½(-9,8)∆t2
∆t = 13,361 s

∆t (total / totaal) = 4 + 11,510 + 13,361

= 28,87 s

OPTION 3 / OPSIE 3 +
v at ground / v by grond vf2 = vi2 + 2a∆x
= (112,82) + 2(-9,8)(-225,6)
vf = -130,941 m·s-1

 v + vi 
∆t(RG) vf = vi + a∆t ∆y =  f  ∆t
-130,941 = 112,8 + (-9,8)∆t OR / OF  2 
 − 130,941+ ( +112,8) 
− 225,6 =  ∆t
∆t = 24,872 s  2 
∆t = 24,872 s

∆t (total / totaal) = 4 + 24,872

= 28,87 s
(6)
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3.5 v
112,8 Accept / Aanvaar
28,9 (*)
28,87
0 t
4

Marking criteria / Nasienkriteria

(0;0) indicated. / (0;0) aangedui. 1
(4;112,8) indicated. / (4;112,8) aangedui. 1
t = 28,87(*) indicated; positive marking from Q3.4.2.
1
t = 28,87(*) aangedui; positiewe nasien vanaf V3.4.2.
Graph starts at (0;0); straight line from (0;0) to (4;112,8) with positive
gradient.
1
Grafiek begin by (0;0); reguit lyn van (0;0) tot (4;112,8) met positiewe
gradiënt.
From (4;112,8): Straight line with negative gradient and ends at
t = 28,87(*). Last value = positive marking from Q3.4.2.
1
Van (4;112,8): Reguit lyn met negatiewe gradiënt en eindig by
t = 28,87(*). Laaste waarde = positiewe nasien vanaf V3.4.2.
From (4;112,8): Straight line intersects the time axis between t = 4
and t = 28,87(*). Last value = positive marking from Q3.4.2.
1
Van (4;112,8): Reguit lyn sny die tyd-as tussen t = 4 en t = 28,87(*).
Laaste waarde = positiewe nasien vanaf V3.4.2.

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If downwards is chosen as positive: max 4/6.

Indien afwaarts as positief gekies is: maks 4/6.

Graph should be as indicated below, with similar

marking criteria.
Grafiek moet wees soos hieronder aangedui met
soortgelyke nasienkriteria.
v

4
0 t
28,87
Accept / Aanvaar
-112,8 28,9 (*)

Marking criteria / Nasienkriteria

(0;0) indicated. / (0;0) aangedui.
(4;-112,8) indicated. / (4;-112,8) aangedui.
t = 28,87(*) indicated; positive marking from Q3.4.2.
t = 28,87(*) aangedui; positiewe nasien vanaf V3.4.2.
Graph starts at (0;0); straight line from (0;0) to (4;-112,8) with
negative gradient.
Grafiek begin by (0;0); reguit lyn van (0;0) tot (4;-112,8) met negative 1
gradiënt. 1
From (4;-112,8): Straight line with positive gradient and ends at 1
t = 28,87(*). Last value = positive marking from Q3.4.2. 1
Van (4;-112,8): Reguit lyn met positiewe gradiënt en eindig by
t = 28,87(*). Laaste waarde = positiewe nasien vanaf V3.4.2.
From (4;-112,8): Straight line intersects the time axis between t = 4
and t = 28,87(*). Last value = positive marking from Q3.4.2.
Van (4;-112,8): Reguit lyn sny die tyd-as tussen t = 4 en t = 28,87(*).
Laaste waarde = positiewe nasien vanaf V3.4.2. (6)
[22]

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QUESTION 4/VRAAG 4

4.1 Momentum is the product of an Momentum is die produk van 'n

object's mass and its velocity. ( ) voorwerp se massa en sy snelheid. ( ) (2)

4.2 OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2 Dir opposite to motion:

Dir of motion: +
Rig van beweging: Rig teenoorgesteld +
∆p = mvf - mvi ∆p = mvf - mvi aan beweging:
= (175)(0 - (+20)) = (175)(0 - (-20))
= -3 500 kg·m·s-1 = 3 500 kg·m·s-1

â ∆p = 3 500 kg·m·s-1; â ∆p = 3 500 kg·m·s-1;

opposite to direction of motion` opposite to direction of motion`
teenoorgesteld aan bewegingsrigting teenoorgesteld aan bewegingsrigting
(4)

4.3 OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2 Dir opposite to motion:

Dir of motion: +
Rig van beweging: Rig teenoorgesteld +
Fnet∆t = ∆p Fnet∆t = ∆p aan beweging:
f(8) = -3 500 f(8) = 3 500
f = -437,5 N f = 437,5 N

â f = 437,5 N; â f = 437,5 N;
opposite to direction of motion opposite to direction of motion
teenoorgesteld aan bewegingsrigting teenoorgesteld aan bewegingsrigting
(4)

4.4 The net/total work done on an object Die netto/totale arbeid verrig op 'n voorwerp
is equal to the change in the is gelyk aan die verandering in die
object's kinetic energy. voorwerp se kinetiese energie.

OR/OF

The work done on an object by Die arbeid verrig op 'n voorwerp deur
a resultant/net force 'n resulterende/netto krag
is equal to the change in the is gelyk aan die verandering in
object's kinetic energy. die voorwerp se kinetiese energie. (2)

4.5 f = 437,5 N from / van 4.3

OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 Dir of motion: + OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2 Dir of motion:

+
Rig van beweging: Rig van beweging:
W f = ∆K  v + vi 
∆x =  f  ∆t
= ½(175)(02) - ½(175)(+202)  2 
= -35 000 J
 0 + 20 
= (8)
OPTION 3 / OPSIE 3 Dir of motion: +  2 
Rig van beweging: = 80 m
W f = ∆K + ∆U
= ½(175)(02) - ½(175)(+202) + 0 W f = f∆xcosθ
= -35 000 J = (437,5)(80)(cos 180°)
= -35 000 J
(3)
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QUESTION 5/VRAAG 5

5.1 In an isolated system In 'n geslote sisteem

the total mechanical energy (sum of bly die totale meganiese energie (som
gravitational potential energy and van gravitasie-potensiële energie en
kinetic energy) remains constant. kinetiese energie) konstant. (2)

5.2 EM (Top/Bo) = EM (Bottom/Onder)

(Ep + Ek) = (Ep + Ek) Anyone
mgh + ½ mv2 = mgh + ½ mv2 Enigeen
(1,6)(9,8)(1,5) + ½(1,6)v2 2
= 0 + ½(1,6)(5,6 )

v = 1,40 m·s-1 (5)

5.3 Total linear momentum of a closed system Totale lineêre momentum in 'n geslote
remains constant/is conserved. sisteem bly konstant/behoue. (2)

5.4 OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1

+
Σpi = Σpf Anyone
Enigeen
m1v1 + m2v2 = m1+2v
0,005v1 + 1,595(0) = 1,6(1,40)
v1 = 448 m·s-1

Magnitude of vel/speed = 448 m·s-1

Grootte van snelheid/spoed

OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2
+
∆p1 = -∆p2 Anyone
m1∆v1 = -m2∆v2 Enigeen
0,005(1,4 - v1) = -1,595(1,4 - 0)
v1 = 448 m·s-1

Magnitude of vel/speed = 448 m·s-1

Grootte van snelheid/spoed
(4)
[13]

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QUESTION 6/VRAAG 6

6.1 Speed Spoed (1)

6.2 3 (m·s-1) (1)

6.3.1 It is the change in frequency (or pitch) Dit is die verandering in frekwensie (of
of the sound detected by a listener toonhoogte) van die klank waargeneem
because deur 'n luisteraar
the sound source and the omdat
listener have different velocities die klankbron en die luisteraar verskillende
relative to the medium of sound snelhede relatief tot die medium het waarin
propagation. die klank voortgeplant word. (2)

6.3.2 345 (m·s-1) (1)

6.3.3
 v ± vL 
fL =  fS
 v ± vS 
 345 + 0  1000 
=   
 345 − 57,5  1 
= 1200 Hz
(4)

6.3.4 295 (K) Accept: The same temperature Aanvaar: Dieselfde temperatuur (1)

6.4.1 (Diagram) 3 (1)

The source is stationary.

6.4.2 1 – (2)
Die bron staan stil.
[13]

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QUESTION 7/VRAAG 7

7.1.1 A region of space in which an electric 'n Gebied in die ruimte waarin
charge experiences a force. ( ) 'n elektriese lading 'n krag ondervind. ( ) (2)

7.1.2 Marking criteria Nasienkriteria

+ Correct shape Korrekte patroon
Direction of field lines Rigting van veldlyne
(2)

7.1.3 kQ
E=
r2
(9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 −9 )
=
12
= 18 N ⋅ C −1
(3)

7.2.1 Y to/na X (1)

7.2.2 OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2

QX + QY QX + QY
Q= Q=
2 2
( +2) + ( −7) ( +2 x 10 −9 ) + ( −7 x 10 −9 )
= =
2 2
= − 2,5 nC −9
= − 2,5 x 10 C
(3)

7.2.3 The magnitude of the electrostatic force Die grootte van die elektrostatiese krag
exerted by one point charge on another wat een puntlading op ’n ander punt-
point charge lading uitoefen,
is directly proportional to the product of is direk eweredig aan die produk van die
the magnitudes of the charges grootte van die ladings
and inversely proportional to the square en omgekeerd eweredig aan die
of the distance between them. kwadraat van die afstand tussen hulle.
(3)

7.2.4 OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2

kQQ kQQ
F= 2 F= 2
r r
(9 x 10 9 )(2,5 x 10 −9 )(2,5 x 10 9 ) (9 x 10 9 )( −2,5 x 10 −9 )(−2,5 x 10 9 )
= =
22 22
= 1,41x 10 −8 N = 1,41x 10 −8 N
âF = 1,41 x 10-8 N; âF = 1,41 x 10-8 N;
repulsive / to the left repulsive / to the left
afstotend / na links afstotend / na links (4)
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QUESTION 8/VRAAG 8

8.1 The battery can supply a maximum Die battery voorsien 'n maksimum
of 12 J of (electrical) energy to van 12 J (elektriese) energie aan
every 1 C of charge. elke 1 C lading. (2)

8.2 The potential difference across Die potensiaalverskil oor 'n geleier
a conductor is directly proportional to is direk eweredig aan die stroom
the current in the conductor in die geleier
at constant temperature. by konstante temperatuur. (2)

8.3 OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1 OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2 OPTION 3 / OPSIE 3

V 2 V2 V
P=IR 2
P= P= R=
R R I
5 = I2(5)
V2 V2 5
I =1A 5= 5= 5=
5 5 I
V = 5V V = 5V I = 5V

P = VI
5 =5I
I =1A
(3)

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8.4 I = 1 A from / van 8.3

OPTION 1 / OPSIE 1
V
R Bulb / Gloeilamp = V// V//
I R 3+11 = R AB =
I I
V
5= 7 1 - 0,5 7
1 14 = =
I 0,5
VBulb / Gloeilamp = 5 V
I = 0,5 A = 14 Ω

V// = 12 - 5 = 7 V RY = 14 - 4 = 10 Ω

OPTION 2 / OPSIE 2
V
RT = E = I(R + r) OR / OF
I
OR / OF 12 = 1(R + 0)
12
= R = 12 Ω E = I(Rbulb/gloeilamp + R// + r)
1 12 = 1(5 + R// + 0)
= 12 Ω

RT = RBulb/Gloeilamp + R// R// = 7 Ω

12 = 5 + R//

R// = 7 Ω

1 1 1
= +
R // R 3+11 R AB
1 1 1
= +
7 14 R AB
1 1
=
R AB 14
R AB = 14 Ω
R Y = 14 − 4 = 10 Ω
(7)

8.5 Solution based on

Cost = energy used x tariff per kWh
 5  1400 
Cost / Koste =    (1,80) = Pt x tariff per kWh
 1000  60 
Oplossing gebaseer op
Koste = energieverbruik x tarief per kWh
= R0,21 = Pt x tarief per kWh
(3)
8.6.1 No – Nee –

Total resistance increases. Totale weerstand neem toe.

Current through bulb/main current Stroom deur gloeilamp/hoofstroom
decreases. neem af.
According to P = IR2 power decreases. Volgens P = IR2 neem drywing af. (4)

8.6.2 Greater than Groter as (2)

[23]
GRAND TOTAL/GROOTTOTAAL: 150
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