PAPER- V

7. SOFTWARE
INSTALLATION
28-01-2022

PRESENTED BY:
Er. MAVI KAPOOR
B.E. (CSE) M.A. (PUB. ADMn.) M.B.A. (HRM)
CITY MISSION MANAGER (SD&I)
CITY MISSION MANAGEMENT UNIT KATHUA
SOFTWARE
•Software is the set of
instructions that tells
the hardware what to do
INSTALLATION
• Installation refers to the particular
configuration of a software or
hardware with a view to making
it usable with the computer.
• A soft or digital copy of the piece of
software (program) is needed to
install it.
• There are different processes of
installing a piece of software
(program).
Types of Software
Two main types of software:
1. Operating Systems
2. Application Software
1. Productivity software
2. Utility software
3. Programming software
4. Applications for the Enterprise
(ERP)
Operating Systems
• All devices have an
operating system
• Software which
manages the
hardware Creates the
interface between the
hardware and the
user
Operating Systems
• Functions performed by the
operating systems:

▫ Managing the hardware resources of the

computer
▫ Providing the user-interface components
▫ Providing a platform for software
developers to write applications

• Most popular are Microsoft Windows,

Apple Mac OS, and Linux
Application Software
•Software that allows users
to accomplish some goal
or purpose.
•Categories:
1. Productivity software
2. Utility software
3. Programming software
4. Applications for the Enterprise
(ERP)
▫ Productivity software to help
employees complete their job duties
such as Microsoft Office
▫ Utility software allows you to fix or
modify your computer
 For example, antivirus software
▫ Programming software makes more
software
 Programmers can code, test, and
convert into a format that the
computer will understand
 CIS students typically use Visual
Studio
Application Software Challenges
• Finding the right software to do
what you need to do
• How to use the right software to
do what you need to do
• You only purchase a license for
the software
Enterprise Application Software
• Early applications were often
independent from other
applications.
• Consequently, information from
one application did not always
correlate to information from
another application
• Enterprise Resource Applications
(ERP) were developed to provide
a common application that
supports functions across the
entire enterprise for the
company’s employees
▫ For example, an ERP can contain the
general ledger and its subsidiary ledgers
such as accounts payable, accounts
receivables, etc.
▫ Builds in best business practices for an
enterprise
Enterprise Application Software
▫ SAP is the most popular
▫ Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
 Manages an organization’s customers
 Personalize your relationship with the customer
 An example is Salesforce
▫ Supply Chain Management (SCM) manages an
organization’s

Manufacturing
Suppliers Distributors
Facilities
Mobile Applications
• Operate on tablets and smartphones
• Each device has its own operating system
(e.g., Android or iOS)
• Each application is developed for the
specific mobile device’s operating system
• Websites are now offering mobile friendly
interfaces to run on mobile devices
▫ Independent of the mobile devices’
operating system
Cloud Computing
• Internet-based applications, services,
and data storage
• Advantages:
▫ No software to install or upgrade
▫ If you have Internet access, you can always use it
▫ No restrictions on how much you store and
don’t have to worry about losing it
• Disadvantages:
▫ Your information is stored on someone else’s
computer – how safe is it?
▫ Internet access is required
▫ Relying on someone else to provide these
services
Business Cloud Usage
• Private Cloud
▫ Still uses cloud concepts but allows the
business to control over that space
▫ Improves who can access it and how it is
secured
• Virtualization
▫ Using software to simulate a computer
or some other device
▫ Can create a server without
actually purchasing a server
Software Creation
• Software is written in a programming
language
▫ Consists of commands organized
logically to execute specific functions
▫ Written in human-readable format
(source code) and converted to machine-
readable format (object code)
▫ Object code can be interpreted by the
computer to allow interaction with the
hardware
Software Creation
• Usually done in pieces so several
programmers can work together
• Closed-Source Software – only object code
is available for purchase
• Open-Source Software:
▫ Code is shared with everyone to use and
add features or fix bugs
▫ Examples are Firefox browser and Linux
operating system
Open vs. Closed Source Software
• Open-Source Software:
▫ Software is available for free
▫ Source code can be reviewed prior
to installing
▫ Large programmer groups can fix
bugs and add feature
▫ May increase risk of attack as
everyone knows how your software
works
Open vs. Closed Source Software
•Closed-Source Software:
▫ Company that developed the
software provides technical
support
▫ Employs large number of
programmers to enhance the
product
PC Software Characteristics
• User-friendly
• Easy
• Intuitive
• Minimum training and documentation
needed to use
Software Types
Custom Software
• Written by programmers
• Takes a lot of time to write and test
• When specifications are unique
 Software Types
Packaged or Commercial
• Sold in stores, catalogs, or downloadable
from the WWW
• Purchased from software publishers
• Must be installed
▫ Standard or custom installation
▫ The setup process copies some of all of the
software to the hard disk
▫ May require the CD-ROM to be in the drive to
run
Acquiring Software
• Freeware
▫ Free to all
▫ Copyrighted
▫ Distributed in machine-readable
format
• Shareware
▫ Freely distributed for a trial period
▫ Pay a nominal fee to register with
the author
Acquiring Software
• Public-domain software
▫ Un-copyrighted
▫ May be used or altered without
restriction
▫ Generally developed under
government grants
• Open-source
▫ Free to all
▫ Source code is distributed
▫ May be used or altered
▫ Popular under the LINUX OS
Acquiring Software
• Commercial software
▫ Used most often
▫ Copyrighted
▫ Generally costly
▫ May not be copied without
permission of the manufacturer
Purchasing Commercial Software
Individuals
• Software warehouse store
• Mail order
• Electronic software distribution
Purchasing Commercial Software
Businesses
• Volume discount
• Site license
• Network versions
• Application Service Provide (ASP)
▫ Software is setup and maintained by ASP
▫ Access the software over the Internet
▫ Pay per use
▫ Saves the expense of installing and
maintaining the software
Task-Oriented Software
Productivity Software

Makes work faster

Makes our lives easier
Word Processing
• Uses
▫ Memos
▫ Reports
▫ Correspondence
▫ Minutes of meetings
▫ Anything to be typed
• Functions
▫ Create
▫ Edit
▫ Format
▫ Store
▫ Print text and graphics
Desktop Publishing
• Uses
▫ Newsletters
▫ Reports
▫ Brochures
• Functions
▫ Handles high-level publishing
needs
Electronic Spreadsheets
• Uses
▫ Comparing mortgage interest rates
▫ Preparing budgets
▫ Tracking weight loss
• Functions
▫ Manipulates numbers in rows and
columns
▫ Recalculates the results when a number
is changed
▫ What if?
Electronic Spreadsheets
Database Management
• Uses
▫ Keep track of a large number of related facts
▫ Query the data for specific information
▫ Retrieve information in a variety of ways
• Functions
▫ Store data
▫ Update data
▫ Manipulate data
▫ Retrieve data
▫ Print data in many forms
▫ Report on data in a variety of ways
Graphics
• Uses
▫ Maps
▫ Graphs
▫ Charts
• Helps to
▫ Compare data
▫ Spot trends
▫ Make decisions
• Visual information is more compelling
Presentation Graphics
• Uses
▫ Sales tool
▫ Demonstrate a product
▫ Show cost/benefit projections on charts
▫ Present audio/video testimonials from
satisfied customers
• May contain
▫ Text
▫ Graphics
▫ Audio
▫ Video
Computer Art
• Use software to
▫ Produce art
▫ Express ideas
• Graphic artist
▫ Artistic ability
▫ Computer skills
▫ Produces computer art
Communications
• Communicate from home with
computer at office
• Access data stored in another
computer in another location
• Stock exchange updates
• Weather information
Communications
• Provides method for
communicating
between computers
• Most likely way to
connect is via the
Internet
• Use a browser to
access the Internet
Office Suites
• Group of basic software applications
designed to work together
• Data is portable between basic
applications of the suite
• Various applications in the suite have
the same “look and feel”
• Cost of suite is less than purchasing
individual applications
Integrated Applications
•Combine basic word
processing, spreadsheet, and
graphics capabilities
•More limited than a suite
•Easier to learn and use
Software Development Focus
• Ease of use
• Personal use programs
▫ Personal time organizers
▫ To-do list makers
▫ E-mail programs
• Internet access
Business Software
• Custom-written to
meet special
business needs
• Standard packages
• Combination of
custom-written and
off-the-shelf
Vertical Market Software
• Written for a particular type of
business
▫ Dentist’s office
▫ Drugstore
▫ Auto shop
• Software may be part of complete
package
▫ Hardware
▫ Installation
▫ Training
▫ Support
Software for Workgroups
• Groupware / collaborative software
• Lets a group of people share
information or track information
together
• Data being used is located in central
database
• Data can be accessed and updated
by anyone in the project group
Software for Workgroups
Examples
• Scheduling
• Preparation of proposals by several
individuals
The Information Center
Help Desk
•Software selection
•Software training
•Software and hardware
installations
•Software and hardware
updates
•Troubleshooting
Software for Small Business
• Accounting
▫ Spreadsheet software
▫ Accounting package – Basic accounting,
financial statements, tax summaries,
payroll
• Writing and Advertising
▫ Word processing
▫ Desktop publishing
• Customer Service
▫ Database management
Software for Small Business
• Keeping Up and Making Contacts
▫ Networking over the Internet
• Making Sales Pitches
▫ Graphical presentation software
Small Office, Home Office SOHO
• Moderately priced to solve typical
needs
• All-in-one software package
Application Software Ethics

What is legal?
Software Piracy
• Making illegal copies of copyrighted
software
• Why the fuss?
▫ Very easy to duplicate software vs. a text book
▫ Software company may lose hundreds of
dollars per pirated copy
• Prosecution
▫ Yes: Small-medium sized business who
purchase a few copies and distribute to many
users
▫ No: Individual users who probably would not
have purchased software on their own anyway
Counterfeiting
• Software is copied onto CD-ROMS /
DVD-ROMS
• Package duplicates the original
• Sold in flea markets or small stores
• Cheaper price
• Occurs more overseas
Copying Software
•Legitimate reasons
▫ Backup copy
▫ Copy to hard disk
•Illegitimate reasons
▫ Obtain software without paying
for it
 PAPER- V

8. Utilities
Backing up and restoring data
System maintenance
28-01-2022

PRESENTED BY:
Er. MAVI KAPOOR
B.E. (CSE) M.A. (PUB. ADMn.) M.B.A. (HRM)
CITY MISSION MANAGER (SD&I)
CITY MISSION MANAGEMENT UNIT KATHUA