IGS NEWS

A Bulletin of the Indian Geotechnical Society

FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY
Volume 57
No.

01
EDITOR EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS:

January-March 2025
Dr. A.P. Singh Dr. Anitha G. Pillai Dr. Rupali Satavalekar

Message from the President

Contents
other professional forums to organize innovative
joint events that will benefit both organizations.
Message from the Additionally, the SC5 Financial Committee, under
President the leadership of Er. Ravi Kiran Vaidya, has proposed
a promising budget for the current financial year. I
GeoSutra 9: Stone appreciate their valuable contributions.
Column/Granular Piles – The Asian Council Meeting was held online on 27th
January 2025. A key highlight of the meeting was
Versatile but Bundle of
the voting for the inaugural ISSMGE Asian Lifetime
Anomalies Service Awards, which saw strong competition
among seven shortlisted candidates. It is a matter
Summary of Ph.D Theses of great pride that Prof. M.R. Madhav was selected
as one of the four distinguished recipients of this
Dear Distinguished Members,
prestigious award, recognizing his exceptional
Conference Reports and I hope you all are doing well with your family. As contributions and achievements in our field. He
Chapter News we step into this vibrant festival season, it gives is joined by three other eminent awardees: Prof.
me immense pleasure to reach out and extend my Kenji Ishihara (Japan), Prof. E.C. Shin (Korea),
Job Openings heartfelt greetings to all of you across the length and Prof. Askar Zhussupbekov (Kazakhstan). The
and breadth of our diverse nation. It is with great awards will be formally presented during the 1st
enthusiasm; I am sharing that we have recently Geotech Asia 2025, to be held in Goa. My heartfelt
Brief Report on 10IYGEC constituted new dynamic subcommittees to steer congratulations to Prof. M.R. Madhav Sir on this
2025 and coordinate the various initiatives and activities well-deserved honour, and I wish him success in
of the Indian Geotechnical Society (IGS) for the his future endeavors. On 3rd February 2025, the
term 2025–26. Their efforts are focused on fostering second lecture in the online series on "Conservation
Call for Entries for Best of Heritage Sites" was organized by Technical
greater collaboration, enhancing knowledge-
Ph.D. Thesis sharing platforms, and promoting the overall Committee TC 301 under ISSMGE. The lecture,
growth and impact of the IGS community. I am titled "Potential Areas of Research and Development
Call for Nomination for IGS pleased to see the vibrant and dynamic initiatives in Structural Conservation of Historical Structures,"
taking place across various chapters throughout the was delivered by Dr. Arun Menon, Professor in the
Awards Structural Engineering Division at IIT Madras. On
country. Let’s continue to build on this momentum
as we move ahead together. 28th February 2025, I had the privilege of meeting
Young Geotechnical Under the guidance of Prof. Murali Krishna and the
Prof. Jean-Louis Briaud, former ISSMGE President,
Engineer (YGE) Best Paper SC1 team, our website is being regularly updated,
President of ASCE in 2021, and Professor at Texas
A&M University. During this visit, I also delivered
Awards-2025 and bulk mailing for various activities conducted
a technical talk as part of the Geo-Institute Seminar
by the local chapters are progressing smoothly. I
Series at Texas A&M. It was a pleasure to engage
IGS in ISSMGE Bulletin sincerely appreciate their dedicated efforts. The
with Prof. Marcelo Sanchez, Chair of the Technical
SC2 team, led by Prof. T. Thyagaraj, is diligently
Oversight Committee of ISSMGE, and Prof. Zenon
Welcome to New Members working to boost ISSMGE membership, while
Medina, Associate Professor, to explore opportunities
Prof. Chandresh Solanki and the SC3 team are
for collaboration on the upcoming Pre-Conference
thoughtfully planning strategies to increase IGS
Obituary Workshop on Machine Learning and Reliability in
membership and my appreciation to both teams
Geotechnics, planned for the 1st Geotech Asia 2025
for their commitment. The SC4 committee on IGS
in Goa.
Foundation and Professional Forum, headed by Dr.
C.R. Parthasarathy, is actively collaborating with Contd............ pg 3
The Indo-US Workshop, jointly supported by the Indian Geotechnical commitment to publishing the IGS Newsletter on time, ensuring
Society (IGS), the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and thorough review and quality content. My thanks go to the SC14
the Geo-Institute (GI), was successfully conducted at the University team, led by Dr. Jaykumar Shukla, for their valuable support in BIS-
of Louisville, Kentucky, USA, on 2nd March 2025 in conjunction related activities and for contributing significantly to the revision
with GeoFrontiers 2025. I extend my sincere thanks to all speakers and development of geotechnical engineering codes. The SC15
and participants from India for their valuable contributions. The next team, guided by Dr. G. Sridevi, is making commendable progress in
Indo-US Workshop is planned to be held alongside the 1st Geotech planning new initiatives under the Women’s Forum. Meanwhile, the
Asia 2025. Special appreciation goes to Prof. Sireesh Saride, Prof. SC16 Infrastructure Development Committee, under the leadership of
Anand J. Puppala, Prof. Bhaskar Chittoori, and Prof. Omid for their Dr. A.P. Singh, is actively working towards securing a new office
outstanding efforts in organizing and executing the workshop. I space for the IGS headquarters in Delhi, with discussions and planning
also had the opportunity to attend the Geotechnical Frontiers 2025 currently underway. I appreciate the collective efforts of all these
conference, held at the Kentucky International Convention Centre teams for their ongoing contributions.
from 2nd to 5th March 2025. India had a strong representation at
The SC17 team for Laboratory testing under the leadership of
the event. Also had engaging discussions with Ms. Helen Diane
Dr. C.N.V Satyanarayana Reddy is interacting with NABL for
Robinson, President of the Geo-Institute, regarding the various
improving the quality of testing in geotechnical engineering across
opportunities for future Indo-US collaborations in the field of
the country. Skill Development team SC18 under the leadership of
geotechnical engineering. A major highlight of the conference was the
Prof. H.N Ramesh is planning various activities. Software operations
inspiring Terzaghi Lecture delivered by Prof. Sarah Springman, along
Committee & Data Bank for Soil Profile SC19, under the guidance of
with the presentation of the prestigious Karl Terzaghi Award 2025 to
Prof. B.K Maheswari is providing necessary supports for facilitating
Prof. Jean-Louis Briaud.
Plaxis Software for student members. As per the Memorandum of
The 2nd International Conference on Civil Engineering – Innovative Understanding (MoU) between the Indian Geotechnical Society (IGS)
Development in Engineering Advances (ICC IDEA 2025) was held and Nepal Geotechnical Society (NGS), IGS has provided the access
at SRM Institute of Science and Technology on 19th March 2025. of Plaxis 3D to student members of NGS for the doctoral research in
Additionally, on 26th March 2025, I had the honor of addressing the advanced geotechnical modelling and analysis.
Sri Lankan Geotechnical Society (SLGS) Project Day in online mode,
The planning for the 1st Geotech Asia Conference is progressing
an annual event organized by SLGS since 2000 to promote research
smoothly under the able leadership of Prof. Ashish Juneja and
and enhance presentation skills among civil engineering students in
Prof. Dasaka S. Murty. Arrangements are also underway for finalizing
Sri Lankan universities. The International Cooperation Committees,
venues for important meetings and workshops, including the Board
SC6 (TC Activities) and SC7 (Networking), are being efficiently
meetings of FedIGS and ISSMGE, as well as the Indo-Brazil-Portugal
coordinated under the leadership of Prof. S.K. Prasad and Prof. D.
and Indo-US workshops. The review process for full papers is currently
Neelima Satyam, respectively. I sincerely appreciate the commitment
in progress. Preparations for the 12th ISFMG Conference, scheduled
and dedication of both teams in furthering international technical
to be held in Indore, are also moving forward steadily. Abstract
collaborations.
submissions will remain open until 31st May 2025, and I encourage
Planning for opening new chapters in Dehradun, Rewa, Lucknow, all members to contribute by submitting their abstracts. I extend my
Madurai, Gorakhpur, Anantapur and Aligargh is progressing under the best wishes for the successful organization of the both conferences.
leadership of Prof. Dasaka S Murty under the SC8 team. The revival Initial planning for the International Symposium on Landslides (ISL
of local chapters by the SC9 team is advancing under the guidance 2028) in Kochi are also going on well. Happy to inform that we have
of Prof. Aarti Bhargava. Expert lectures organized by IGS Kochi associated with International Geosynthetic Society of India under the
Chapter was delivered by Prof. Ashish Juneja and Prof. Dasaka S leadership Prof. G.L Sivakumar Babu and is also planning for bidding
Murthy at Kerala Management Association, Kochi on 25th January the GeoAsia 2029 in Ahmedabad. The interactive online meetings of
2025, the 3rd Alam Singh Memorial Lecture was organized by IGS the members of Association of Geotechnical Societies of South Asia
Jodhpur chapter at MBM University on 30th January 2025. A series (AGSSA) comprising of India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and
of lectures were organized by the IGS Goa Chapter, in association Pakistan is conducted periodically to discuss the collaborations among
with the IEI Goa State Centre was held at Goa Engineering College, the member societies showcasing bringing together geotechnical
Farmagudi on 29th March 2025. The program was a tribute to the fraternity without borders.
remarkable contributions of Dr. Victor De Mello and Dr. N.V. Nayak
The 242nd Executive Committee meeting of the Indian Geotechnical
in the field of geotechnical engineering. The event featured the seventh
Society was held at IIT Indore on 10th March 2025. I sincerely
Victor De Mello lecture by Prof. G.L. Sivakumar Babu and the
appreciate the meticulous planning, professional arrangements, warm
inaugural Dr. N.V. Nayak Memorial lecture by Prof. Deepankar
hospitality, and personal attention extended by Prof. Neelima Satyam,
Choudhury. Few student chapters were opened, and numerous
Dr. B. Ramu, and the entire organising committee in making the event
student chapter activities were organized during this period. I
a success. Look forward to the upcoming activities of local chapters
appreciate the efforts of Prof. N Unnikrishnan and SC10 team for
and the enthusiastic involvement of all members in the events arranged
co-ordinating the student chapter activities. The two-day 10th Indian
by the Indian Geotechnical Society. In closing, I would like to share
Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference was organised by IIT
a quote by Phil Jackson: “The strength of the team is each individual
Indore in association with IGS Indore chapter, IGS Ujjain chapter,
member. The strength of each member is the team”. I am confident
IGS Bhopal chapter and IGS Jabalpur chapter on 11th and 12th March
that with the continued support of all members, and the proactive spirit
2025. The SC11 team under the guidance of Prof. G Madhavi Latha is
of this new subcommittee, we will achieve even greater heights in the
working hard to conduct events for Young Geotechnical Engineering
coming term. Let us continue working together for the betterment of
fraternity.
our society and the advancement of geotechnical engineering in India.
The SC12 team, under the leadership of Prof. R. Ayothiraman, is I firmly believe that "Together We Can and We Will."
actively working on formulating the IGS Awards guidelines, and
Wishing you all good health and happiness.
I sincerely appreciate their dedicated efforts. I also commend the
efforts of team SC13 led by Prof. Anitha G. Pillai for their consistent Dr. Anil Joseph

IGS News u January - March 2025 3

 GeoSutra 9
Stone Column/Granular Piles – Versatile
but Bundle of Anomalies
Madhira R. Madhav1* and Baadiga Ramu2
1
AICTE-INAE Fellow, Professor Emeritus, and Visiting Professor, IIT Hyderabad and JNTUH, India
2
Assistant Professor, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, India

Introduction where d and L are respectively diameter and length of Stone

Column/Granular Pile/granular pile, t = cu - unit shaft resistance
Introduction: Stone Column/Granular Pile treatment of difficult equal to the undrained strength, cu, of the in situ soil, and qb =
or problematic soils has emerged as the most versatile and 9.cub – end bearing resistance with cub – undrained strength of
popular ground improvement alternative among a galaxy soil at the base. However, the ultimate capacity of the Stone
of alternatives. Stone Column/Granular Piles improve the Column/Granular Pile/granular pile is limited by two other
performance of the ground by reinforcement, densification and possible mechanisms. Hughes and Withers (1974) proposed
drainage. They are installed in loose sands, soft soils, waster bulging failure as an alternative. Applying cavity expansion
fills, ash ponds, etc. They help avoid or replace costly deep theory, the axial load the Stone Column/Granular Pile can
foundations such as piles. Stone Column/Granular Piles are withstand is
environmentally friendly and lead less carbon footprint, thus
leading to sustainable geotechnical practice. Unfortunately, the PuB = p.d2/4.Nf.pL = p.d2/4.(1 + Sinf)/(1 – Sinf){cu.N*c + sr0)
term ‘Stone Column/Granular Pile’ and the design and practice
where Nf. = s1/s3 = (1 + Sinf)/(1 – Sinf) -ratio of major to
encompass a bundle of anomalies.
minor principal stress, pL = {cu.N*c + sr0) – the limit pressure,
Anomaly 1: ‘Stone Column/Granular Piles’ and ‘Geopiers’ N*c = {1 + ln (G/cu)}, G – shear modulus of in situ soil and sr0
used in USA are misnomers as every Civil Engineer knows that = total horizontal stress at the level of bulging.
‘columns’ are structural members in buildings provided above
the ground, as piers under bridge deck. Both ‘columns’ and G/cu ranges from 200 to 500 and N*c ranges from 5.3 to 6.2.
‘piers’ are subject to axial and lateral forces and moments. Pile(s) Unfortunately, IS Code recommends the factor as equal to 4.0
is the term used in practice for structural members installed grossly underestimating the bulging capacity.
below ground to perform exactly the same functions, viz., axial Madhav and Vitkar (1977) proposed the extended bearing
compression, lateral load and moments and sometimes pullout. capacity type of failure which appears to unconservative and
The proper term should be ‘Granular Piles’ which conveys hence not applicable.
the meaning of a structural element installed in the ground to
transfer axial load to layers below similar to relatively stiffer Hence the practice has been to consider pile or bulging failures,
and stringer steel, concrete or wooden piles. the former applicable for L/d ratio less than 5 to 6 and the
latter for L/D > 6. At working loads, only the pile mechanism
Origin: Deep vibro-techniques originated in Germany to is applicable and settlements can be estimated from the
densify granular soils and non-cohesive waste fills which compressible pile analysis of Poulos and Davis (1980)
are amenable to densification by vibration which effects
rearrangement of particles in to a closer and denser state. The
mechanism is predominantly densification of granular materials
resulting in increased bearing capacity and reduced settlements.
It is a small but significant step to modify the technique for
soft ground in which case granular material is introduced in to
cavity generated by the vibro-needle and densify the granular
material. The resulting foundation element is termed as ‘Stone
Column/Granular Pile’ a misnomer as pointed out above.
Reinforcement of soft ground is the main function of Stone
Column/Granular Piles. For them to function as load transfer
elements as piles, the ultimate load, P, is resisted by the ground
through shaft and base resistances as in the case of normal piles
(Fig. 1c), as
Fig. 1 Failure Mechanisms for Single Stone Column/Granular Pile/
PuP = p.d.L.t + p.d2/4.qb Granular Pile

1*
Corresponding author: Professor Emeritus and Visiting Professor, IIT Hyderabad and JNTUH, India, Email: [email protected] (Madhira R. Madhav).

4 IGS News u January - March 2025

Anomaly 2: IS Code 15284 (Part 1): 2003 recommends the The stiffnesses of Stone Column/Granular Pile and soft
following arrangement for the load to estimate the ultimate ground are respectively kgp, and kc and shear stiffness of the
capacity of Stone Column/Granular Pile. granular bed is Gb.H where Gb and H are the shear modulus
and thickness of the granular bed. Generally, kgp is an order of
magnitude greater than kc, the stiffness of soft in situ ground.
The shear stiffness of the granular bed is proportional to its
shear modulus and thickness. Well compacted fill and thicker
fill provides large shear stiffness and the layer functions as a
semi-rigid stratum that tends to redistribute the contact stresses
to reduce differential settlement. In the extreme case of a rigid
layer, settlements would be uniform.

(a)
Fig. 2 : Load Test on Stone Column/Granular Pile

It should be noted that the loading plate diameter, dp, is larger

than the Stone Column/Granular Pile diameter, dsc. The plate
rests on a granular fill of size, db, much larger than the plate
diameter, possibly two to two and half diameters and generally
well compacted. This granular fill overlies gravelly fill as part
of site grading. The schematic of above profile (Fig. 3a) was
modelled (Fig. 3b) through Winkler springs as

(b)
Fig. 4 Displacements (a) and Pressure Distribution (b) with Radial
Distance

The plate moves down with a displacement, wb, while the

displacements of the granular bed reduce with distance from
the center (Fig. 4a). The stress transferred to the Stone Column/
(a) Granular Pile is qgp while contact pressure between the granular
bed and soft ground decreases with distance as depicted in Fig.
4b. The above case is analysed by Madhav and Rajendra Prasad
(2006). The non-dimensional parameters used were: Rk = kgp/kc
– relative stiffness of Stone Column/Granular Pile with respect
to that of soft ground; Rp = dp/dgp – ratio of plate and Stone
Column/Granular Pile diameters, Rb = db/dgp – ratio of granular
bed and Stone Column/Granular Pile diameters; and m = ksc.r2gp/
Gb.H – a non-dimensional parameter. Larger the shear stiffness,
Gb.H, the stiffer is the bed. m = 0 corresponds to a rigid raft.

The percentage of load transferred to the Stone Column/

Granular Pile depends on (i) relative stiffness of Stone Column/
Granular Pile, Rk = kgp/kc, (ii) Relative plate size, RP = dP/dgp,
(b)
(iii) Relative size of granular bed, Rb = db/dgp, and (iv) Relative
Fig. 3 : (a) Schematic and (b) Winkler Model of Load Test on Stone
Column/Granular Pile stiffness of granular bed, m = kgp.r2gp/Gb.H. The percentage of

IGS News u January - March 2025 5

load transferred to Stone Column/Granular Pile is never 100% from lateral movement or displacement. Unit cell deforms in
and in fact ranges between about 30% to about 70% depending only one-dimensional compression as in an oedometer. It is a
on the above parameters. It is impossible to evaluate the matter of simple kinematics that in unit cell as well as in an
performance of Stone Column/Granular Pile based on the plate oedometer lateral deformations are not possible either along
load on a single column because of the complex interactions the center line and along the out cylindrical surface. Hence
between all the components of system, viz., sizes of the plate and no lateral deformations are possible for the Stone Column/
granular bed, relative stiffnesses of Stone Column/Granular Granular Pile especially under undrained condition. It means
Pile and granular bed, etc. bulging of Stone Column/Granular Pile is not possible.

If the test on a single Stone Column/Granular Pile is so complex,

the one on a group of three columns is much more complex to
analyse.

(a) (b)

(c) (d)
Fig. 5 : Percentage of Load Transferred to Stone Column/Granular
Pile vs Relative Stone Column/Granular Pile Stiffness, Rk Effects of
(a) Relative Plate Size, RP and (b) Relative Granular Bed Size, Rb
and Percentage of Load Transferred to Stone Column/Granular Pile vs
Relative Stiffness of Granular Bed, m (c) Relative Stiffness of Stone (a)
Column/Granular Pile, Rk and (d) Relative Granular Bed Size, Rb

Anomaly 3: Soft ground and waste fill sites are improved

with a large number of Stone Column/Granular Piles to support
embankments, retaining structures, liquid storage tanks, etc.
which cover areas of large extent. Stone Column/Granular
Piles of required diameter, dgp, and length, L, extending to the
required depth are installed often in either triangular or square
pattern at a spacing of ‘S’. In situ is usually provided with a
relatively stiff and strong granular layer over which uniform
pressure q acts. Based on the concept of symmetry, each
Stone Column/Granular Pile is surrounded by a tributary area,
hexagon or square in cases of triangular or square pattern of
arrangement. The tributary area is replaced by an equivalent
circle of diameters, de, 1.05S and 1.13S for triangular and
square patterns.

Unit cell (Fig. 6b) is then defined as a cylinder of diameter, de,

and length, L, with Stone Column/Granular Pile of diameter,
dgp, at the center and the annulus of in situ soil. Because each (b)
unit cell is bounded by similar cells on all sides, again based on
Fig. 6 (a) Typical Arrangement of Stone Column/Granular Piles and (b)
the principle of symmetry, the lateral boundaries are restrained Unit Cell

6 IGS News u January - March 2025

The above statement is corroborated by the experimental and
Finite element results of Ambily and Gandhi (2007). They
studied experimentally and numerically the responses of a
single Stone Column/Granular Pile and of unit cell. Bulging
could be observed experimentally (Fig. 7a) as well as in the
numerical simulation (Fig. 8a) of a single Stone Column/
Granular Pile loaded axially, obviously with no lateral restraint.
In contrast bulging was neither observed experimentally (Fig.
7b) nor predicted numerically (Fig. 8b).

(b)
Fig. 8 (a) Experimental Results and (b) Numerical Simulation

Estimation of Load Capacity of a Column

A-1 Stone Columns in Cohesive Soils
Load capacity of the treated ground may be obtained by summing
up the contribution of each of the following components for
(a) (b)
wide spread loads, such as tankages and embankments:
Fig. 7 (a) Only Stone Colum Loaded and (b) Unit Cell under Load
a) Capacity of the stone column resulting from the resistance
The biggest anomaly for geotechnical practice of ground offered by the surrounding soil against its lateral
improvement with Stone Column/Granular Piles is IS 15284-1 deformation (bulging) under axial load,
(2003). The following is an extract from the same for the design b) Capacity of the stone column resulting from increase in
methodology for Stone Column/Granular Pile treated ground resistance offered by the surrounding soil due to surcharge
with the premise that Stone Column/Granular Pile in a unit cell over it, and
behaves very similar to a single Stone Column/Granular Pile
c) Bearing support provided by the intervening soil between
but with no lateral restraint which is contrary to mechanics and
the columns.
even observed performance.
A-1.1 Capacity Based on Bulging of Column
Considering that the foundation soil is at failure when stressed
horizontally due to bulging of stone column, the limiting (yield)
axial stress in the colun is given by the sum of the following:
sv = srL Kpcol
sv = (sr0 + 4Cu ) Kpcol
Where
sv = limiting axial stress in the column when it
approaches shear failure due to bulging, and
srL = limiting radial stress
sr0 = K0 srLv0
Where
K0 = average coefficient of lateral earth pressure for
clays equal to 0.6 or alternatively, as determined
(a) from the relationship

IGS News u January - March 2025 7

 K0 = 1 – sinj where

where j is the effective angle of internal friction of soil, Fq' = vesie's dimenstion less cylinderical cavity
and expansion factor
Fq'' = 1 for js = 0
sv0 = average initial effective vertical stress
considering an average bulge depth as 2 times Increase in yield stress of the column = Kpcol Dsr0
diameter of the column d) Allowing a factor safety of 2, increase in safe load of
sr0 = g2D column, Q2 is given by the following formula:

Where Kpcol Dsr0 As

Q2 = ——————
2
g = effective unit weight of soil within the influence
zone. The surcharge effect is minimum at edges, and it should
be compensated by installing additional columns in the
j
Kpcol = tan2 (45° + —c ) peripheral region of the facility.
2
A-1.3 Bearing Support Provided by the Intervening
jc = angle of internal friction of the granular column
Soil
material, which may vary depending upon
angularity, surface characteristics, and density of This component consists of the intrinsic capacity of the virgin
column material. The φc value may range from soil to support a vertical load which may be computed as
38° to 42° depending upon the compactness follows:
achieved during construction of stone columns.
Effective area of stone column including
p 2 the intervening soil for triangular pattern = 0.866 S2
Yield load = s — D
v
4
Area of intervening soil for each column, Ag is given by the
sv p/4 D2 following formula :
Safe load on column alone Q1 = ————
2 pD2
Ag = 0.866 S2 – ———
4
Where 2 is the factor of safety.
Safe load taken by the intervening soil, Q3
A-1.2 Surcharge Effect
Q3 = qsafe Ag
a) Initially, the surcharge load is supported entirely by the Overall safe load on each column and its tributory soil
rigid column. As the column dilates, some load is shared = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
by the intervening soil depending upon the relative rigidity
of the column and the soil. Consolidation of soil under this Note: The number of columns to be provided under a structure may be
load results in an increase in its strength, which provides obtained if the total load to which the structure is subjected to and the
additional lateral resistance against bulging. reduction in settlements required considering the permissible total and
differential settlements for it are known.
b) The surcharge load may consist of a sand blanket and sand Stone Column/Granular Pile in a unit cell cannot bulge or fail
pad (being applicable to tank foundations). If thicknesses because of the lateral restraint. Ground improvement with Stone
of these elements are not known, the limiting thickness of Column/Granular Piles is exclusively to reduce settlements
the surcharge loading as represented by the safe bearing of large treated areas. The earliest design chart for estimating
capacity of the soil may be considered. the settlement reduction due to Stone Column/Granular Pile
c) The increase in capacity of the column due to surcharge treatment given by Ballam and Booker (1985) is given below.
may be computed in terms of increase in mean radial stress For the usual spacing, S, of 2 diameters of Stone Column/
of the soil as follows: Granular Pile, a/b is equal to 0.476 and settlement reduction
ranges from about 40% to 15% for the modular ratio, Egp/Ec,
qsafe increasing from 10 to 40.
Dsr0 = —— (1 + 2K0 )
3
Further works by Impe and Madhav (1992), Shahu et al.
where Dsr0 is the increase in mean radial stress due to (2000) and Pulko and Majes (2006) provide better estimates
surcharge, and qsafe is the safe bearing pressure of soil with of settlement reduction factor against area ratio, a better index
the factor of safety of 2.5 (see IS 6403) than radii ratio (Fig. 10). Granular pile material is densified to
relative densities of the order of 80% or more and tend to dilate.
Nc
qsafe = Cu —— Linear elastic approach appears conservative compared to
2.5 solutions based on considering dilation of granular pile material
Increase in ultimate cavity expansion stress = Dsr0 Fq' (Fig. 10a). These predictions are validated with measured
values from several field cases (Fig. 10b).

8 IGS News u January - March 2025

Concluding Remarks 2. The testing of single Stone Column/Granular Pile as
proposed in IS 15824 may be replaced with a more
1. The term ‘Stone Column/Granular Piles’ may be replaced appropriate one that evaluates the actual performance of
with ‘granular pile’ for better representation. the Stone Column/Granular Pile.
3. The design of Stone Column/Granular Pile reinforced
ground be based on settlement reduction and not based on
extended analysis that presumes its yielding in bulging as
in a single one.
4. One of the most versatile and commonly used ground
improvement technique needs proper assessment and
guidelines for good geotechnical practice.

References
Ambily, A. P. and Gandhi, S. R. 2007. Behavior of Stone
Column/Granular Piles based on Experimental and FEM
Analysis. J. Geotech. & Geoenv. Engg., ASCE, 133,
405-415.
Fig. 9: Settlement Reduction Factor, b, vs a/b, Ratio of Stone Column/ Ballam, N. P. and Booker, J. R. 1981. Analysis of Rigid rafts
Granular Pile and Unit Cell Radii
Supported by Granular Piles. Int. J. for Num. and Anal. Methods
in Geomechanics. 5, 379-403.
Hughes, J. M. O. and Withers, N. J. 1974. Reinforcing of
Soft Cohesive Soils by Stone Column/Granular Piles. Ground
Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 42-47.
Impe, W. F. and Madhav, M. R. 'Analysis and Settlement of
Dilating Stone Column/Granular Pile Reinforced Soil,' Austrian
Geotech. J., Feb.-March, 1992, Vol. 137, pp. 114-121.
IS 15824 – (2003). Design and Construction for Ground
Improvement – Guidelines: Part 1 Stone Column/Granular
Piles.
(b)
Madhav, M.R. and Rajendra Prasad, G.B. 2006. Load Transfer
through a Granular Bed onto a Granular Pile in Soft Ground.
Int. Symp. On Lowland Technology, Saga, Japan.

(a) Madhav, M. R. and Vitkar, P. P. 'Strip Footing on Weak Clay

Stabilized with Granular Trench or Pile', Can. Geotech. J.,
1978, pp. 605-609.
Poulos, H.G. and Davis, E.H. 1980. Pile Foundation Analysis
and Design.
Pulko, B. and Majes, B. 2006. Analytical Method for
the Analysis of Stone Column/Granular Pile Design
according to Rowe’s Dilatancy Theory. Acta Geotechnica
Slovenica.
Shahu, J. T., Hayashi, S. and Madhav, M.R. 2000. Analysis of
Soft ground reinforced by Non-homogeneous Granular Pile –
mat System. Lowland tech. Int., Vol. 2, No. 2, 71-82.

(b)
(b)Fig. 10 Comparison of Settlement Reduction Factors (a) Theoretical
and (b) Measured (after Pulko and Majes (2006).

IGS News u January - March 2025 9

 SUMMARY OF Ph.D THESES
Hydraulic Conductivity of Admixture Stabilized Clays: Application to
Title of Thesis:
in-situ Soil Mixing Techniques for Seepage Barriers

Name of the Student: Dr. Murapaka Swamynaidu

Supervisor: Dr. Akanksha Tyagi
Department & Institute: Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Summary: The hydraulic conductivity, microstructure, freezing-thawing durability of cement, alkali activated flyash cement
(FCAA) and glass granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) stabilised clays are studied by laboratory tests. The range of binder
contents, water-contents and effective confining stresses adopted in this study, are applicable to deep soil mixing and jet grouting
techniques. The hydraulic conductivity values of treated clays are measured by accelerated permeability testing using a custom-
fabricated triaxial system. The relationships between the hydraulic conductivity, unconfined compressive strength, and water-binder
ratios are determined for cement-stabilised, FCAA-stabilised, and cement GGBFS-stabilised clays.

Hydraulic Performance Evaluation of in-situ Polymerized Bentonite

Title of Thesis: for Barrier Applications

Name of Student: Dr. S. Keerthana

Supervisor: Prof. Dali Naidu Arnepalli
Department & Institute: Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras,
Chennai

Summary: This research work aimed to enhance the existing polymer formulation by incorporating a crosslinker to develop a novel
in-situ polymerized bentonite (IPB) for barrier applications. Response surface method was used to optimize polymer composition
using which the bentonite was polymerized in-situ. IPBs maintained 2-3 orders of magnitude lower hydraulic conductivity than
untreated bentonite to various salt solutions. Comprehensive material characterization including geotechnical, physico-chemical,
mineralogical, thermal, molecular, and morphological analyses provided critical insights into their micro-macro relationship as
well as the mechanisms responsible for improved hydraulic performance. These findings offered a thorough understanding of IPB,
demonstrating how tailoring polymer properties can advance barrier technologies in the future.

Experimental and Numerical Simulations of Large Deformation Problems

Title of Thesis:
in Geotechnical Engineering

Name of Student: Dr. Kritesh Chouhan

Supervisor: Dr. Jitesh T. Chavda
Department & Institute: Department of Civil Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of
Technology (SVNIT), Surat

Summary: Large deformations (LDs) in geotechnical engineering occur in problems like installation of pile, landslides, cone
penetration, etc. Experimental simulations are complex and costly whereas numerical simulations with conventional finite element
method (FEM) struggle with LDs due to mesh distortion. The present study reviews LD problems and FEM solutions and the
use of digital image correlation (DIC) for the precise measurement of large soil displacements. Three LD problems, penetration,
extraction, and slope failure, are examined experimentally and numerically. A novel methodology is proposed to simulate LDPs
using conventional FEM to represent continuous penetration and extraction of geo-structures. The study compares DIC, conventional
FEM, and ALE methods, proposing future improvements.

10 IGS News u January - March 2025

 Stabilization of Coal Ash and Industrial Slags for Use in Base and Subbase
Title of Thesis:
Layer of Road Pavements

Name of Student: Dr. Hrushikesh Namdev Kedar

Supervisor: Dr. Satyajit Patel
Department & Institute: Department of Civil Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of
Technology (SVNIT), Surat

Summary: This study explores the stabilization of industrial byproducts such as fly ash, bottom ash, copper slag, and steel slag
for base and subbase layers in road pavements. Various combinations with lime, GGBS, and sodium hydroxide were tested for
strength, durability, and environmental safety. Laboratory and microstructural analyses revealed improved UCS, CBR, and resilient
modulus values, surpassing those of conventional materials. Optimal blends demonstrated enhanced performance in numerical
modeling using PLAXIS 3D. Leaching tests confirmed environmental compliance. The research promotes sustainable construction
by offering an effective reuse strategy for industrial waste while conserving natural resources and improving pavement longevity.

of Thesis:
Title Geomechanical Modeling of Gas Hydrate Sediments

Name of Student: Dr. Sahil Wani

Supervisor: Dr. Ramesh Kannan Kandasami
Department & Institute: Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai

Summary: Gas hydrate sediments in deep-sea reservoirs and permafrost regions are a promising energy source, but extraction
poses geomechanical challenges. This research enhances the understanding of their response by conducting experiments and
developing numerical models. A novel hypoplastic model is formulated to capture cyclic response in sand and later extended to gas
hydrate sediments by incorporating cementation effects and hydrate saturation. A coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical
(THMC) solver has also been developed to simulate gas production and sediment deformation. The models are validated using
laboratory experiments, offering insights into hydrate dissociation, subsidence risks, and optimal extraction strategies for sustainable
energy recovery.

Development of Angular Shaped Coarse Aggregate from Low Calcium Fly Ash
Title of Thesis:
and Assessment of its Suitability for use in Road Pavement

Name of Student: Dr. Sandeep Singh

Supervisor: Dr. Satyajit Patel
Department & Institute: Department of Civil Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of
Technology (SVNIT), Surat

Summary: The study examines the engineering properties and performance of Angular-shaped Flyash Aggregate (AFA) as
a replacement for natural stone in wet-mix macadam (WMM) pavement layers. Autoclave curing was more effective than water
bath curing for hardening low calcium fly ash-binder mixes. AFA properties, including specific gravity, angularity number, water
absorption, impact value, crushing value, abrasion value, and soundness, met Indian standards. Compaction characteristics, particle
breakage, slake durability and leachability were investigated. Cyclic triaxial and large box direct shear tests showed AFA performing
well under traffic and shear loading. Financial analysis indicated AFA production costs were 16% lower than natural aggregates,
offering a sustainable solution for 100% fly ash utilization and fulfilling aggregate demand.

Title
of Thesis: Liquefaction Response of the Sand Reinforced with 3D Printed Geocells

Name of Student: Dr. Prerana Krishnaraj

Supervisor: Prof. Gali Madhavi Latha
Department & Institute: Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

IGS News u January - March 2025 11

Summary: This thesis investigated the liquefaction response of the geocell-reinforced sands and quantified the post-liquefaction
shear strength of these sands. Through strain controlled cyclic triaxial tests and shaking table model tests, the influence of geocells
on liquefaction resistance in terms of hampering the pore water pressure development, reducing the seismic amplifications and
improving the cyclic shear modulus in reinforced earth beds were quantified. Reduced scale polypropylene geocells used in the
experiments were manufactured through 3D printing and ultrasonic welding. The experimental insights were extended to prototype
reinforced systems through numerical studies to establish the quantitative benefits of geocell reinforcement in reducing the likelihood
of liquefaction in sands.

Evaluation of Geosynthetic-Reinforced C&D Waste for Flexible Pavement

Title of Thesis:
Applications - A Sustainable Approach

Name of Student: Dr. Kommanamanchi Vamsi

Supervisor: Dr. Hariprasad Chennarapu
Department & Institute: Department of Civil Engineering, Ecole Centrale School of Engineering,
Mahindra University, Hyderabad
Summary: Rapid urbanization has led to the accumulation of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste, raising environmental
concerns. This study explores the use of Recycled Sand (RS) and Recycled Aggregates (RA) from C&D waste as sustainable
alternatives to Natural Sand (NS) and Natural Aggregates (NA) in pavement applications. Materials were sourced from a recycling
plant in Hyderabad and evaluated through geotechnical tests, SEM, and XRF. Large-scale tests with geosynthetic reinforcements
assessed performance under varied subgrades. Results showed RS and RA offer comparable strength to NS and NA, reduce carbon
emissions, and support sustainable pavement design as per the Indian standards.

Contaminated Site Investigation and Remediation using Modified Nano

Title of Thesis:
Zero Valent Iron Particles

Name of Student: Dr. Prathima B.

Supervisor: Dr. G.L. Sivakumar Babu
Department & Institute: Centre for Sustainable Technologies (CST), Indian Institute of Science,
Bengaluru
Summary: Rapid industrialization has intensified heavy metal contamination in soil and groundwater, particularly in Bengaluru’s
Peenya industrial zone, a critically polluted area. Groundwater analysis revealed 78% of samples exceeded safe Cr(VI) limits,
posing significant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, especially to children. Soil exhibited high Cu and Cr levels, with TCLP
confirming heavy metal leaching. Sulfidated carboxymethyl cellulose- stabilized nano zero-valent iron (S-CMC-nZVI) achieved up
to 99% Cr(VI) removal in aqueous solution and effectively immobilized Copper and Chromium in contaminated soil. The S-CMC-
nZVI offers a promising solution for remediating Cr(VI)-contaminated sites (both ground water and soil).

ISSMGE BULLETIN
Vol. 19, Issue 1, March 2025
Table of Contents
Message from the Editor .............................................................................................................................................................................................02
From the President’s Desk...........................................................................................................................................................................................03
Vice-President’s Report...............................................................................................................................................................................................07
From the Board.............................................................................................................................................................................................................08
ISSMGE Highlights......................................................................................................................................................................................................10
Global News from Member Societies.........................................................................................................................................................................13
Young Member’s Arena...............................................................................................................................................................................................33
Corporate Associates Corner......................................................................................................................................................................................36
Education and Innovation...........................................................................................................................................................................................37
In Memory.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................39
Upcoming Events..........................................................................................................................................................................................................40

12 IGS News u January - March 2025

 CONFERENCE REPORTS AND CHAPTER NEWS
IGS Allahabad Chapter
The Department of Civil Engineering
at Motilal Nehru National Institute
of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad
and the Indian Geotechnical Society
(IGS) Allahabad Chapter successfully
organized a five-day workshop titled
"Role of Geotechnical Engineering in
Developing Smart Cities and Sustainable
Infrastructure" (GEOSMART-2025)
from February 14-18, 2025. Inaugural session of GEOSMART workshop 2025

Professor Kumar Venkatesh served as The workshop featured presentations such workshops bridge the gap between
the Convener, while Dr. V.P. Singh, Dr. by distinguished speakers including: academic knowledge and industry
Vijay Kumar, and Dr. Mantu Majumder Prof. J.T. Shahu, IIT Delhi; Prof. T.V. practices.
coordinated the event. The workshop Bharat, IIT Guwahati; Prof. G.L. Siva
was designed to enhance participants' The valedictory session was graced
Kumar Babu, IISC Bangalore; Prof.
knowledge and skills in geotechnical by Prof. N.K. Samadhiya from IIT
Suresh Bhalla, IIT Delhi; Dr. A.P. Singh,
Roorkee as Chief Guest and Dr. A.P.
engineering applications for smart urban Director & Hon. Secretary, IGS; Prof.
development. Singh, Honorary Secretary of IGS New
N.K. Samadhiya, IIT Roorkee.
Delhi, as Guest of Honor. Both speakers
Prof. J.T. Shahu from IIT Delhi
These experts covered comprehensive encouraged participants to apply their
inaugurated the workshop as the Chief
topics related to sustainable newly acquired knowledge to benefit
Guest. During the opening ceremony,
infrastructure, providing valuable industry and society.
Prof. R. S. Verma, Director of MNNIT
insights to all participants.
Allahabad, emphasized the workshop's Prof. V.K. Srivastava, Officiating
significance and the institution's Prof. R.M. Singh, Head of the Civil Director of MNNIT, expressed gratitude
dedication to knowledge sharing and Engineering Department, praised the to all contributors during the concluding
professional development initiatives. organizing team and highlighted how session. Participants received certificates
acknowledging their involvement
in the workshop, which garnered an
enthusiastic response with attendees
particularly appreciating the engaging
sessions and interactive discussions.
The successful completion of
GEOSMART-2025 marks another
milestone in advancing geotechnical
engineering education and its practical
applications in developing smart and
Participants with the resource persons at the GEOSMART workshop 2025 sustainable infrastructure.

IGS Bangalore Chapter

The IGS Student Chapter at MS Ramaiah
Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
organized an insightful expert talk by
Dr. Naveen B.P., Professor at the
National Institute of Technical Teachers
Training Research (NITTTR), Kolkata
on January 6, 2025. The presentation
on "Pile Termination Criteria for Rock
Socketed Piles in Metro Projects"
covered various field-related aspects

IGS News u January - March 2025 13

of pile foundations and challenges, Rao Pallepati on "Geotechnical Bagalkot received the 2023 award for
supported by relevant case studies. Aspects of Waste Containment." his work on liquefaction behaviour of
Following this, the IGS Student Chapter This comprehensive lecture on fly ash-treated sand. Ms. Sahana A. S.
at Global Academy of Technology, geoenvironmental practice covered from UVCE, Bangalore was honoured
Bengaluru hosted Dr. Naveen for another various waste types and available with the 2024 award for her research on
expert talk on January 7, 2025, titled management technologies, featuring alkali-activated Olivine-treated black
"Pile Design & Construction Practice two detailed case studies on mining cotton soil.
for Metro Projects." This session waste management. The event attracted
The chapter's annual general body
elaborated on pile design fundamentals 60 participants from both academia and
meeting was held on March 28, 2025,
and construction practices, highlighting industry.
at IISc. Dr. Asha M. Nair, Secretary,
innovations like Continuous Flight During the memorial lecture, two presented the activity report for 2024-25
Auger piles and diaphragm walls for M. Tech. dissertation awards were and financial statements. The meeting
metro infrastructure. presented for the years 2023 and concluded with elections for the 2025-
The 33rd Prof. B. K. Ramiah Memorial 2024. Mr. Ramesh Biradar Patil from 2027 term, with current office bearers
Lecture was delivered by Dr. Raghuveer Basaveshwar Engineering College, unanimously re-elected.

IGS Baroda Chapter

The IGS MSU Student Chapter was
officially inaugurated on February 8,
2025, with 30 undergraduate student
members. The inauguration ceremony
was graced by Dr. A.V. Shroff, along
with office bearers from the IGS Baroda
Chapter and the Head of the Applied
Mechanics & Structural Engineering
Department, Faculty of Technology &
Engineering, MSU.
The event featured expert lectures by
Dr. Kanan Iyer, Associate Professor of geosynthetics. Bridge Construction at Faratkui and
at IITRAM, on "Challenging Soils," Ratanpur, Vadodara, on February 15,
and a session by Er. Premal Shah on IGS Baroda Chapter arranged two EC
meetings one on February 8, 2025, and 2025.
"The Future of Geosynthetics." Both
sessions received positive feedback and the next on March 4, 2025. A site visit was arranged for M.E.
appreciation from the student members, A site visit was arranged for B.E. (2nd (Geotechnical Engineering) students to
providing valuable insights into the field Year) students to the Railway underpass Ukai Dam on February 25, 2025.

IGS Calicut Chapter at this major educational initiative Students received a safety briefing before
inaugurated by Chief Minister Pinarayi exploring different construction phases
The IGS Student Chapter STM Vijayan on August 22, 2024. The ₹285 across multiple buildings. The site's
organized a site visit on March 5, 2025, crore project spans 12.93 acres and will soil, with bearing capacity exceeding
to the Pinarayi Educational Hub, giving 300 kN/m², influenced the foundation
integrate various educational institutions
students hands-on experience with real- design, resulting in isolated and combined
with modern facilities for both domestic
world engineering applications. The footings for structural stability. Students
and international students.
visit focused on foundation construction participated in field tests including
density tests and concrete compressive
strength tests, gaining practical insights
into construction quality control.
This enriching experience bridged the
gap between theoretical knowledge
and practical application, reinforcing
students' enthusiasm for civil
engineering and their desire for more
such opportunities to enhance technical
expertise.

14 IGS News u January - March 2025

IGS Dhanbad Chapter
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad successfully hosted
a two-day national workshop titled
"Next-Gen Geotechnical Engineering:
Numerical Modelling in Railway and
Mining Applications" on March 28-
29, 2025. The event brought together
over 100 experts, researchers, and
professionals from across the country,
including representatives from the
Research Design and Standards
Organization (RDSO) and Indian
Railways.
Organized by the Department of
Civil Engineering under the Indian
Geotechnical Society's (IGS) Dhanbad
Chapter, the workshop was conducted in
collaboration with MIDAS Research and
Development Centre India, the Bureau workshop coordinator and Secretary of Dhanbad, who emphasized the critical
of Indian Standards, PMT Infra Science, the IGS Dhanbad Chapter, welcomed role of numerical modelling in modern
and TEXMIN as technical partners. participants. engineering. Prof. R. M. Bhattacherjee,
Mr. Ravi Kiran Anne, Director of The first day featured an introduction Dean IRA, reflected on how current
MIDAS, inaugurated the workshop as to MIDAS by Mr. Divyansh Pandey, engineering students benefit from
chief guest, highlighting the evolving followed by Prof. Chawla's technical talk advanced tools unavailable to previous
challenges in geotechnical engineering on numerical modelling for sustainable generations.
and the growing importance of railway track design. Participants then The event ended with certificate
advanced simulation software and engaged in hands-on training with distribution, feedback collection, and
high-performance computing. Prof. MIDAS GTS NX software, focusing on a vote of thanks by Prof. Vishwas
Sagar Pal, Dean (R&D), presided over railway track design analyses. Nandkishor Khatri, workshop co-
the inaugural session, emphasizing Day two commenced with Prof. Gopi coordinator and Treasurer of the IGS
increased investments in research and Krishna Dondapati's lecture on numerical Dhanbad Chapter.
development. Prof. Sarat Kumar Das, modelling for mining excavation stability
This collaborative initiative successfully
Dean (Faculty) and Chairman of the IGS analysis, followed by another practical
equipped participants with practical
Dhanbad Chapter, shared the chapter's session addressing mining-related
knowledge of cutting-edge numerical
achievements, while Prof. Srinivas applications using MIDAS GTS NX.
modelling techniques essential for
Pasupuleti, Head of Civil Engineering, The workshop concluded with a addressing complex challenges in
outlined the department's academic valedictory session attended by Prof. railway and mining applications.
offerings. Prof. Sowmiya Chawla, Sukumar Mishra, Director of IIT (ISM)

IGS Goa Chapter Narayan V. Nayak Memorial Lecture delivered the 7th Victor de Mello
Series. Dr. Anil Joseph delivered Lecture on "Climate Resilient Design
The Indian Geotechnical Society Goa the special lecture on "Sustainable and Rehabilitation of Embankment
Chapter organized three prestigious Innovations in Construction Industry." Structures."
events on March 29, 2025: the 7th Victor
Prof. Sumitra S. Kandolkar presented For the inaugural Dr. Narayan V. Nayak
de Mello Goa Lecture, the inaugural Dr.
a bio-sketch of Dr. Victor de Mello Memorial Lecture, Dr. Pradnya Bhonsule
Narayan V. Nayak Memorial Lecture,
before Prof. Savoikar introduced presented Dr. Nayak's bio-sketch, and
and an IGS Goa Chapter Invited Special
Prof. G.L. Sivakumar Babu, who Prof. Nisha P. Nayak introduced Prof.
Lecture.
Deepankar Choudhury, who spoke
Distinguished guests on the dais included on "Foundation Systems for Mega
Prof. G. L. Sivakumar Babu, Prof. Structures under Static and Dynamic
Deepankar Choudhury, Dr. Anil Joseph, Loadings: Theory to Practice."
Er. Anwar Khan, Chairman, IE(I) Goa
Dr. Govind Bhagat served as the event
State Centre; Prof. Purnanand Savoikar,
compere, and Er. Umesh Kulkarni
and Er. Umesh Kulkarni.
proposed the vote of thanks. The
Prof. Savoikar welcomed delegates, program attracted approximately 100
highlighted chapter activities, and delegates participating both online and
announced the establishment of the Dr. Participants with dignitaries offline from Goa and Maharashtra.
IGS News u January - March 2025 15
IGS Indore Chapter This session featured Dr. Rakesh Building and Civil Engineering Institute
Kumar, Director of UV Global Consult, (ZAG) delivered this lecture.
The IGS Indore Chapter successfully who shared his expertise on "Impact
hosted the latest installment of its The event attracted students,
of Construction Methods on Tunnel
monthly lecture series, "GeoHorizons: researchers, and professionals globally.
Design."
Geotechnical Innovation and Sustainable Dr. Lenart shared valuable insights
Developments," on January 10, 2025. The The online event brought together on geosynthetics in railway projects,
session featured Mr. Chiranjib Sarkar, a diverse audience of geotechnical connecting laboratory testing to practical
Principal Engineer at GEOCONSULT professionals, academicians, and field applications while highlighting
India, who delivered an insightful students. Dr. Kumar's presentation techniques for improving track stability
talk on "Design and Construction offered an in-depth analysis of how and sustainability.
construction methodologies influence
of Underground Box Structures – The session was efficiently coordinated
Challenges and Innovations." the design and long-term performance
by Dr. Srinivasan V., VNIT; Prof.
of tunnels. He highlighted real-
Drawing from his extensive experience Neelima Satyam, and Dr. Baadiga
world case studies, discussed modern
in metro, railway, and high-speed rail Ramu, IIT Indore, with guidance from
tunneling techniques, and emphasized
projects, Mr. Sarkar discussed cutting- Dr. Anirban Mandal, VNIT Nagpur. The
the importance of integrating design
edge advancements and solutions for IGS extends sincere thanks to Dr. Stanislav
and execution strategies to overcome
Lenart and the entire organizing team
complex underground infrastructure geotechnical challenges efficiently.
challenges. Attendees were particularly for this enriching knowledge-sharing
engaged by his expertise in leading The session was highly interactive, with event.
landmark projects such as the Mumbai- participants actively engaging during the
The Indian Geotechnical Society
Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail and Jaipur Q&A segment. Dr. Kumar's practical
(IGS) – Indore Chapter successfully
Metro. insights and clarity of thought made the
hosted another impactful session of its
lecture a rich learning experience for all
The event also highlighted Mr. Sarkar's GeoHorizons: Monthly Lecture Series
attendees.
significant contributions as a published on 22 February, 2025. The lecture, held
researcher and award-winning tunneling online, featured Dr. S. K. Dhawan,
expert. His presentation emphasized former Chief Engineer, CPWD, who
practical approaches to overcoming shared his vast expertise on the topic
geotechnical challenges while "Durable R.C. Structures."
implementing sustainable engineering Dr. Dhawan, with decades of practical
practices. experience in civil and structural
Coordinated by Dr. Ramu Baadiga and engineering, offered in-depth
Dr. Kunal Gupta, the lecture provided an perspectives on enhancing the durability
excellent platform for both geotechnical of reinforced concrete structures. His
professionals and students to exchange The Indian Geotechnical Society, in talk addressed critical aspects such
ideas and insights. The interactive session collaboration with ISSMGE TC202, as material selection, construction
that followed the presentation fostered conducted an expert online lecture practices, exposure conditions, and long-
valuable discussions on emerging on February 12, 2025 titled "Use of term maintenance strategies. Real-life
trends and innovative methodologies in Reinforcing Geosynthetics in Railway examples and case studies added further
underground construction. Infrastructure – From Laboratory Testing depth to the discussion, making it highly
to Field Applications." Dr. Stanislav relevant to both young engineers and
Lenart from the Slovenian National seasoned professionals.

The Indian Geotechnical Society, Indore

Chapter, in collaboration with IIT
Indore, successfully hosted the February
edition of its GeoHorizons: Monthly
Lecture Series on 15th February 2025.

16 IGS News u January - March 2025

The session witnessed active participation
from a nationwide audience comprising
students, faculty members, and industry
experts. The interactive Q&A session
enabled attendees to clarify their doubts
and engage in valuable discussions with
the speaker.
The Engineer's Arena, a high-energy
Technical Quiz Competition held on 25
March, 2025 organized by the IGS Indore
local chapter at PIEMR Indore, was
a grand success, drawing enthusiastic
participation and competitive spirit from
across the region. Held with the objective
of promoting technical awareness and
problem-solving skills among budding
engineers, the event saw the participation
of 17 teams comprising 82 students from Threeinsightful episodes featuring Prof.
reputed institutions including SGSITS, M.R. Madhav (India) on Geotechnical
IPS Academy, Bansal College, SKITM, Legacy & Innovations, Prof. Jian Chu
IIST, and Acropolis Group of Institutes. (Singapore) on Biogeotechnics and
With many teams, the competition was Geotechnical Innovation and Prof.
intense, intellectually stimulating, and
Harry Poulos (Australia) on Engineering
thoroughly engaging. The quiz covered a
Legacy & Landmark Structures have
wide range of civil engineering domains,
testing students' depth of knowledge, been recorded and can be accessed
speed, and accuracy. Participants through the following link.
displayed commendable technical Podcast Link: https://open.spotify.com/
acumen and teamwork throughout the show/6fAauqVNx1x4nJV7xle4ZH?si=e
event. The event was lauded for its 3da198543864e04
flawless execution, spirited participation,
and the dynamic learning environment
it fostered. The Civil Engineering
Department extends heartfelt thanks to
all participating institutions, students,
and volunteers.
IGS Indore Chapter has initiated the
HTC Champions Podcast Asia 2025,
an initiative by the HTC Committee of
ISSMGE. This podcast aims to bring
together leading experts from academia
and industry leaders in Asia to discuss
key advancements, challenges, and
innovations in geotechnical engineering
and practice.

IGS News u January - March 2025 17

IGS Jabalpur Chapter from TIET and Mr Arush Shrivastav participated in 10th IYGEC at IIT
research scholar of GGITS, Jabalpur Indore.
Dr. Shilpi Mahapatra, Life Member of
IGS Jabalpur Chapter and Geotechnical
Engineer at AtkinsRealis was invited as
a keynote speaker in the Tenth Indian
Young Geotechnical Engineering
Conference (10IYGEC - 2025). Five
students of IGS TIET students' chapter
- Mr. Mayank Rao Ahirwar, Ms. Muskan
Kashyap, Mr. Sumit Kumar, Mr. Shiva
Yadav, and Mr. Vikas Kumar Jaiswal Keynote lecture by Dr. Shilpi Mahapatra in 10IYGEC - 2025 at IIT Indore

IGS-TIET Students in 10IYGEC - 2025 at IIT

Mr. Arush Shrivastava presenting in 10IYGEC-2025 at IIT Indore Indore

IGS Jodhpur Chapter Construction Industry - Case Studies".

The session provided an in-depth
The IGS Jodhpur Chapter organized analysis of foundation failures, their
the 3rd Alam Singh Memorial Lecture causes, and methodologies for forensic
on January 30, 2025. The keynote investigations. He highlighted real-
speaker was Dr. Anil Joseph, President, world case studies where improper
IGS. He delivered an insightful lecture soil assessment, design flaws, and
on "Forensic Studies of Foundation unforeseen site conditions led to
Failures and Vibration Measurement in structural failures. The importance of
geotechnical investigations, advanced
monitoring techniques, and remedial
measures were discussed in detail. In
the presence of Dr. Anil Joseph, an
eleven-member executive committee
was elected unanimously. Er. Ashok
Mathur as Chairman, Dr. Abhishek Arya
as Honorary Secretary, and Er. Puneet
Hiranandani as Treasurer were elected
along with other committee members.

IGS Kochi Chapter

The IGS Kochi Chapter organized
technical talks delivered by Dr. Ashish
Juneja and Dr. Dasaka S. Murthy,
Professors in the Civil Engineering
Department at IIT Mumbai, on January
25, 2025, at KMA Hall, Kochi.
Dr. Ashish Juneja presented on the
topic "Case Studies on Slope Stability
and Stabilization of Lateritic Soils,"
while Dr. Dasaka S. Murthy spoke on Participants of Technical Talks with the Invited Speakers

18 IGS News u January - March 2025

"Forensic Investigation of Distressed Geotechnical Consultant. The topic of
Large Diameter Slurry Tanks." Dr. Anil the webinar was "Soil Piping – When
Joseph, National President of IGS, Crack Cracks the Mountain." The
presided over the function. webinar was conducted on March 10,
The Webinar Series Rendezvous 3.0 2025. The webinar series was well
resumed with the 35th webinar of the attended, not only by IGS members in
series, delivered by Dr. K. S. Beena, Kerala but also by participants from
Emeritus Professor at the College of across India and other professional
Engineering, CUSAT, Kochi, and a bodies.

IGS Kolkata Chapter

A presentation on "JUTECELL – An
Efficient Tool for Soil Reinforcement
Geotechnical Exploration - Theory &
Practice" by Dr. Arghadeep Biswas,
Asst. Professor, Jadavpur University,
Civil Engineering Department was
organized by IGS Kolkata chapter
on February 19, 2025 at the Seminar
Hall, Civil Engineering Department of
Meghnad Saha Institute of Technology,
Kolkata.
On February 22, 2025, a one-day
Seminar on "Application of Innovative Two technical lectures were delivered by Kiran Anne, Director, MIDAS India
Techniques in Geotechnical Engineering: Dr. Praveen Huded, Technical Support, about MIDAS. Later, a very interesting
Research and Practice" was organized MIDAS on "Design and Analysis of deliberation was made on "Case Studies:
by this chapter in association with Midas Foundations using MIDAS GTS-NX," Explore On-Site Challenges & Solutions
Research and Development Centre India followed by Mr. Chinmoy Pattanaik, in Geotechnical Engineering" by Mr.
Pvt. Ltd. MIDAS Geotechnical Team Lead on Chiranjib Sarkar, Principal Engineer –
After the initial introductory speech "Introduction to MIDAS GTS-NX & GEOCONSULT India.
Slope Analysis." Thereafter, a special
by Chairman, Dr. Jagat Jyoti Mandal, This Seminar went off to the immense
a total of four lectures were delivered. talk was given by Mr. Naga Ravi
satisfaction of the participants with
overwhelming response of more than
183 registrations from different corners
of the country and was attended by about
105 delegates.
Two technical lectures were organized
prior to the AGM of this chapter on
March 8, 2025 at the CE Department,
Jadavpur University, Kolkata.
"Consolidation under Cyclic Loading"
by Prof. R.B. Sahu, Former HOD,
Civil Engineering Department, JU and
"Foundation Distress: A Deep Digging
– Few Case Studies" by Er. Sudip Nath
was presented.

IGS Mumbai Chapter Manager/Laboratory Manager, AGES Mrs. Lucky Nagarajan, ASCE G-I BOG,
Inc., Pittsburgh, PA & Adjunct Professor, Immediate Past Chair DFI WiDF, DFI
On January 18, 2025, a webinar on "Slope University of Pittsburgh. Trustee & ASCE G-I BOG/Met Section
Stabilization with Piles" was presented On February 21, 2025, a webinar BOD, Women's Network-Advisory
by Mr. Sebastian Lobo-Guerrero, Ph.D., on "Smarting up Subsurface Board Member/Boston Chamber of
P.E., BC.GE., Geotechnical Project Characterization" was presented by Commerce.

IGS News u January - March 2025 19

IGS Mysuru Chapter
The Indian Geotechnical Society (IGS)
Mysuru Chapter, in collaboration with
its active student chapters across various
institutions, conducted a series of
impactful events between January and
March 2025. These initiatives aimed
to advance knowledge in civil and
geotechnical engineering, promote road
safety, encourage sustainable practices,
and foster climate consciousness, all
while ensuring strong participation from
students and faculty. A brief summary of
the events is included:
Organized by the IGS Student Chapter environment and promoted sustainable related to sustainable construction
of SJCE on February 1, 2025 at JSS lifestyle practices. The event was and green practices
well-received by students and faculty,
Science and Technology University • Tree Plantation Drive – planting
(SJCE), Mysuru, the Technical Talk increasing awareness of climate
saplings around the VVCE campus
on "Seismic Stability of Structures" issues and the role of engineers in
by Dr. Gopikrishna K focused on environmental conservation.
the seismic stability of structures, A Two-Day Workshop on "Concrete
offering insights into geotechnical and Mix Design Using IS:10262-2019",
structural considerations for earthquake- held on March 20 & 21, 2025 at
resistant design. The session benefited Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering
undergraduate and postgraduate students (VVCE), Mysuru with Er. Nagesh P as
by enhancing their understanding of the resource person, focused on concrete
seismic behavior in civil structures. mix design as per the latest IS code
The Department of Civil Engineering guidelines (IS:10262-2019). The event
at Vidyavardhaka College of provided practical exposure to mix
Engineering (VVCE), Mysuru hosted design procedures and quality control,
a Technical Talk on "Road Safety and enhancing the technical competency of
Construction 4.0" on March 8, 2025 in students and professionals.
collaboration with IGS Mysuru Chapter.
Dr. P. Nanjundaswamy from SJCE
discussed modern approaches to road
safety and Construction 4.0, highlighting
the integration of digital technologies and
smart construction techniques for safer,
efficient infrastructure development. The 5th Executive Committee Meeting
of IGS Mysuru Chapter, held on March
28, 2025 at Vidyavardhaka College of
Organized by the Department of Civil Engineering, Mysuru, brought together
Engineering at VVCE Campus, Mysuru the executive committee members to
on March 22, 2025, in association with review the chapter's progress, discuss
IGS Mysuru Chapter, IGBC Mysore upcoming initiatives, and plan future
Chapter, NSS-VVCE, IQAC-VVCE, academic and outreach activities.
and UltraTech Cement, the BUILD-
A-THON 2025, GREEN-A-THON &
Tree Plantation Drive aimed to promote
sustainability and environmental
Organized by the MIT, Mysore Student responsibility. The key highlights
Chapter of IGS on March 13, 2025 the included:
Workshop on "Short-Lived Climate
Pollutants & Sustainable Lifestyle for • BUILD-A-THON 2025 – a technical
Environment" emphasized the impact innovation challenge
of short-lived climate pollutants on the • GREEN-A-THON – activities Glimpses of the EC Meeting

20 IGS News u January - March 2025

IGS Patna Chapter earthquake vulnerability, especially from IIT Kanpur presented research on
in areas with older buildings and soft seismic slope stability and its application
Organized at the Indian Institute of
soil foundations. The inauguration was in microzonation. Dr. Abhishek Kumar
Technology Patna on January 19, 2025,
attended by dignitaries including Dr. from IIT Guwahati and Dr. Pradipta
the One-Day Workshop under the ANRF
Anup Kumar Keshri, Associate Dean Chakrabortty from IIT Patna analyzed
(SERB) SSR Program on "Microzonation
of a City for Better Preparedness during R&D, Dr. Subrata Hait, Associate Dean microzonation's role in designing safer
an Earthquake" brought together experts PG, along with Dr. Ramakrishna Bag, Dr. infrastructure, highlighting its influence
to discuss microzonation for improving A K Jha, Arpit Jain, Dr. Vaibhav Singhal, on building codes, land use planning, and
safety in seismically vulnerable cities. and Dr. Bachu Anilkumar from IIT emergency services. Local engineers,
The concept has gained attention due to Patna, and Dr. Amarnath Hegde from IIT faculty from engineering colleges,
increasing natural disasters worldwide, Dharwad. Professor Dipanjan Basu from research scholars, and students attended
with Patna currently exploring the University of Waterloo delivered two to learn about applying microzonation
implementation to assess and manage lectures, while Professor Priyanka Ghosh findings to urban infrastructure.

IGS Pune Chapter The IGS Pune Chapter appreciated the

initiative and supported the Student
The IGS Student Chapter of Wadia Chapter in the best possible way. This
College held a grand exhibition event was held on January 9, 2025.
organized by the Department of
Geology and Petroleum Technology on The IGS-SPPU Student Chapter
January 6–7, 2025. The event attracted organized a poster presentation
students from schools, junior colleges, competition on the topic Geotechnical
and engineering colleges in and around Engineering for a Sustainable On January 24, 2025, the IGS Pune
Pune. It was a marvelous event with over Environment. The Chief Guest for the Chapter, in association with IIBE,
1,000 enthusiastic visitors. event was Er. Ramesh Kulkarni, Past organized a technical event at COEP Tech
Chairman and Mentor of IGS Pune University. Two technical lectures were
Chapter. The resource persons were delivered by stalwarts Er. Atul Bhobe
Dr. Nirmalya Ghosh, Engineering and Er. Ramnath Bhat. Felicitation of Er.
Geophysicist at the University of Vikas Ramgude and Dr. Harshavardhan
Houston, and Dr. Vijay Muthekar, Subbarao was also held on this day to
Assistant Professor at MIT Alandi, who recognize their significant contributions
also serves as the coordinator of one of to the civil engineering sector.
the IGS Student Chapters. The event
took place on January 18, 2025.

The IGS Pune Chapter, in association

with the International Council of
The Training Management Cell of Consultants (ICC), delivered a
CWPRS, in association with the IGS presentation and unveiled the first-
Pune Chapter, organized an online lecture ever documentary on the IGS Pune
on January 20, 2025, titled Mastering Chapter at the well-known Contro 2025
the Research Paper Process: Proven
Strategies for Success. The session was
delivered by Dr. Arif Ali Baig Moghal,
Professor in the Geotechnical Division
The MMIT IGS Student Chapter at NIT Warangal. Dr. Baig explained the
organized its annual food donation drive concepts in a very lucid and passionate
to come together as a community and manner. The lecture was attended by
make a positive impact on the lives of over 75 participants and was well
those facing food shortages and scarcity. received and appreciated by all present.

IGS News u January - March 2025 21

Conference. It was a grand event, well
attended by professionals, academicians,
manufacturers, contractors, and various
other stakeholders from the civil
engineering industry. The presentation
was delivered on February 1, 2025.
The 39th Student Chapter was
inaugurated at SBP Indapur College
on February 8, 2025. It was a well-
organized event featuring an expert
talk by Executive Committee member
Dr. Sachin Jain on the topic AI in Civil
Engineering. The IGS Student Chapter of the School The Student Chapter of DY Patil DPU, in
of Engineering, NICMAR University, association with the IGS Pune Chapter,
organized a site visit for civil engineering organized a technical talk on Shear
students to a retaining wall project Strength Determination under the Karl
by Savi Infrastructures on February von Terzaghi Technical Session Series.
28, 2025. It was a valuable learning The talk was delivered by Dr. Shailendra
experience for both students and faculty. Banne, Associate Professor at PCCOE,

The 40th Student Chapter was

inaugurated at the School of Engineering,
NICMAR University, on February 18,
2025. This event was unique, as it marked
the simultaneous inauguration of the ICI
(Indian Concrete Institute) and IGS Pune
Student Chapters. Dr. Basarkar was the A site visit was organized by the
expert speaker for the day. IGS Student Chapter of DYP COE
at Raigad on March 1, 2025, to
explore developments in ferrocement
technology. The on-site construction
demonstration provided students with
greater clarity on various geotechnical
aspects related to construction. Students
Pune, and Executive Committee member
were given a detailed explanation of the
of the IGS Pune Chapter. The event was
arch-facing type retaining wall designed
held on March 21, 2025.
to resist a 3.0-meter earth fill in front
of a swimming pool—both structures The most awaited two-day event of
being constructed using ferrocement. the year for the IGS Pune Chapter,
Modern civil engineering emphasizes GeoFest, was hosted by AISSMS COE
the adoption of sustainable construction in association with the IGS Pune Chapter
technologies that are also in harmony on March 27–28, 2025. The theme
with nature. of the event was Rail GeoFest 2025,
With more than 40 student chapters focusing on developments in the railway
associated with the IGS Pune Chapter, it
is essential to keep the Student Chapters
dynamic through regular activities. To
appreciate and motivate the student
chapter bodies, Geo-Summit 2025
was held on February 28, 2025, with
over 20 student chapter representatives
attending the annual gathering, meet-
and-greet event. The event was hosted
by APCOER, Pune.

22 IGS News u January - March 2025

sector, including Metro Rail, Monorail, Dowsing. The expert lectures were
High-Speed Rail, and conventional delivered by Dr. Avinash Kharat,
rail systems. A variety of activities and President of the Society for Advancement
student competitions were conducted, of Dowsing, and Dr. Raviraj Sorate,
such as GeoModel, GeoQuiz, Spot Head of the Civil Engineering
Talk, and Treasure Hunt. Winners were Department at APCOER, Pune, and
announced, and prizes were distributed. Executive Committee member of the
The Student Chapter of SND Yeola, IGS Pune Chapter. The engaging session
Nashik, organized a one-day workshop was well attended and well received by
on Groundwater Exploration by L-Rod both students and faculty members.

IGS Shimla Chapter

The IGS Shimla Chapter, in association
with the Civil Engineering Department
of Jaypee University of Information
Technology (JUIT), Waknaghat (HP),
organized an online expert lecture
on March 28, 2025, focusing on
underground tunneling technology to
Glimpses of the lecture
address the growing interest among
both geotechnical and structural modern tunneling systems, considering JUIT Waknaghat, and a vote of thanks
engineers. The lecture, titled "Response different overburden stresses and drop from Dr. Niraj Singh Parihar, Secretary,
of Reinforced Concrete Underground heights. The session provided insights IGS Shimla Chapter.
Tunnels under Impact Load of Varying from both geotechnical and structural
The IGS Shimla Chapter continues to
Drop Height," was delivered by Dr. engineering, catering to professionals
expand its lifetime membership base with
Senthil Kasilingam, Assistant Professor, in the underground technology field.
the aim of broadening the reach of IGS
CED, NIT Jalandhar. Dr. Kasilingam The webinar attracted 60 participants,
demonstrated the role of tunnel cross- including academicians, field technical events to a wider community
sections in managing external loads, with practitioners, and research scholars, and of academicians, researchers, and field
a focus on the impact loading response of was followed by a detailed discussion on practitioners. In the previous quarter, a
tunnels under varying field conditions. recent trends and numerical modeling total of four new members joined the
He showcased the instrumentation in tunnel engineering. The session IGS lifetime membership during this
and numerical modeling techniques concluded with closing remarks by Prof. period through the local IGS Shimla
used to assess load responses in Ashish Kumar, HOD, Civil Engineering, Chapter.

IGS Tadepalligudem Chapter engineering, microplastics, and the

environmental hazards posed by these
On January 29, 2025, the IGS Student substances. Dr. A. Suresh Babu, Principal
Chapter at Sasi Institute of Technology of Sasi Institute of Technology and
and Engineering, Tadepalligudem, hosted Engineering, and Dr. P. Ramesh, Head
a guest lecture by Dr. Bharanidharan, of the Department of Civil Engineering,
Assistant Professor at the National congratulated Dr. Bharanidharan for his
Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, informative and impactful session.
Tadepalligudem. The lecture, titled
"Microplastics and Its Associated Risk in
the Environment," was organized by the Dr. Bharanidharan facilitated by Principal and
Department of Civil Engineering at Sasi HoD
Institute of Technology and Engineering.
The event was attended by 80 staff and On March 1, 2025, Dr. R. Raghavendra
students from the Civil Engineering Kumar, Assistant Professor at the
Department. National Institute of Construction
Management and Research (NICMAR
Dr. Bharanidharan came all the University), Pune, Maharashtra,
way to engage with the students on Dr. M. Rama Rao, HOD of Civil Engineering
delivered a guest lecture on "An
the fundamentals of environmental Dept. addressing the gathering Overview of Applications of Building

IGS News u January - March 2025 23

Information Modelling and Digital Online Faculty Development Program at Sasi Institute of Technology &
Technologies in Construction" at the on “AI & ML for Smart and Sustainable Engineering, Tadepalligudem, organized
Department of Civil Engineering, Sasi Solutions in Civil Engineering” a five-day online Faculty Development
Institute of Technology and Engineering, Conducted by IGS Tadepalligudem Program (FDP) on “AI & ML for
Tadepalligudem. The event was Chapter & Department of Civil Smart and Sustainable Solutions in
organized by the IGS Tadepalligudem Engineering, Sasi Institute of Technology Civil Engineering.” This program
Chapter. Eighty students and staff & Engineering, Tadepalligudem aimed to impart the knowledge and
members from the Civil Engineering skills necessary to incorporate AI and
The integration of Artificial Intelligence
department participated in the event. ML techniques to address smart and
(AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in
sustainable infrastructure challenges and
The speaker discussed digital twins, civil engineering has revolutionized
real-world problems. The program was
construction project management, traditional practices by enhancing
designed for faculty members, research
Building Information Modelling (BIM), efficiency, accuracy, and sustainability.
scholars, practicing engineers, and
and technologies such as Augmented These technologies enable data-driven
students of civil engineering.
Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and decision-making, predictive modeling,
Mixed Reality (MR), along with their and automation, significantly improving A total of ten expert lectures were
applications in the construction industry. infrastructure design, construction, and arranged from March 18, 2025, to
Dr. Raghavendra Kumar also addressed maintenance. AI and ML techniques March 22, 2025 (two lectures per day),
all of the students' inquiries attentively. facilitate smart solutions in structural delivered by leading academicians
health monitoring, pavement anomaly and professionals. An overwhelming
detection, sustainable transportation, response was received, with 202
development of assessment and faculty, students, young engineers, and
monitoring frameworks, and professionals registering for the program.
geotechnical applications, making The participants greatly benefitted from
them essential tools for modern civil the lectures and interaction sessions with
engineering advancements. the experts. Certificates were issued to all
candidates who successfully completed
Recognizing the impact of AI and ML in
an assessment test conducted at the end
various civil engineering applications,
of the course.
the Department of Civil Engineering

IGS Thanjavur Chapter at NIT Calicut, highlighted the use of Dr. Palanisamy T, Associate Professor
eco-friendly nano and biomaterials for at NIT Surathkal, delivered a guest
The one-day workshop, "Advances in sustainable ground improvement. lecture on March 28, 2025, on the topic
Transportation Geotechnics," was held “Machine Learning Applications for Sub
Dr. Sunitha V, Associate Professor at
on March 8, 2025, as part of DAKSH NIT Trichy, discussed the efficacy of
and Superstructures,” covering the role
and was coordinated by Dr. Sujatha E. of artificial intelligence and data-driven
coir geotextiles in pavement design and
Ramani and Dr. Vishweshwaran M. The techniques for sub and superstructures.
sustainable construction. Dr. Ashutosh
workshop focused on sustainable and The speaker discussed the benefits of
Kumar, Assistant Professor at IIT
innovative approaches in geotechnical AI in enhancing efficiency, safety, and
Mandi, examined the impact of traffic
and pavement engineering, covering cost-effectiveness in construction and
and environmental loading on railway
topics such as geomaterials, sensor geotechnical engineering. Overall,
subgrade soil, applying the unsaturated
technologies, nano and biomaterials, the session provided a comprehensive
soil mechanics framework.
sustainable pavements, and the perspective on how machine learning
environmental impact on infrastructure. The workshop provided valuable can contribute to smarter and more
The workshop had 42 participants from insights into emerging technologies and sustainable infrastructure development.
across India. sustainable solutions in transportation
geotechnics.
The inaugural lecture was delivered by
Dr. Umesh Chandra Sahoo, Associate
Professor at IIT Bhubaneswar, who
introduced geomaterials, including
non-traditional and recycled materials.
Dr. Pradeep Kumar, Chief Scientist at
the Central Road Research Institute,
explored sensor technologies,
innovations, and risk assessment in
pavement management. Dr. Kodi Lecture by Dr. Pradeep Kumar, Chief
Ranga Swamy, Associate Professor Scientist, CRRI Guest lecture by Dr. Palanisamy T.

24 IGS News u January - March 2025

IGS Chennai Chapter The talk was well-attended, drawing concluded with a vote of thanks to the
a large audience including several speaker for accepting the invitation and
The IGS Chennai Chapter organized an participants from the industry, and delivering an enriching talk, and to all
in-person talk on 29 January, 2025 titled prompted an engaging discussion the participants who contributed to the
"Vertical Extent of Hydraulic Fractures: that benefited all attendees. The event success of the event.
Insights from Theory & Experiments"
by Professor Brice Lecampion, Head of
the Geo-Energy Laboratory and Gaznat
Chair at École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
Professor Lecampion provided valuable
insights into hydraulic fracturing,
discussing the influence of the transverse
isotropy of rocks on fracture growth
through a combination of theoretical
modeling and laboratory experiments.
He also highlighted the importance of
buoyancy contrast between the solid and
fracturing fluid in the propagation of
three-dimensional hydraulic fractures in Prof. Brice Lecampion with Dr. Chandra Annavarapu, Dr. T. Thyagaraj, Dr. Jitendra Sangwai and
homogeneous materials. Dr. V.B. Maji

Now Online Membership Available IGC - 2026

IGC-2026
The homepage of the Society has been updated and a
would be hosted by
new online membership platform has been
created to facilitate joining of new members. IGS-Chennai Chapter
Just log on to: The venue, theme, scheduled dates etc.
www.igs.org.in are being worked out and shall be
announced soon.

JOB OPENINGS
IGS head office is looking for a Technical cum Management officer to manage technical affairs of the society, correspond
with national and international experts etc. The person will be expected to correspond with experts (should have good
communication skills, command over English), have basic understanding of geotechnical terminology and should be
able to conduct and manage geotechnical events, the society’s publications, website etc.

Broadly, the expectations from the candidate shall be as follows:

1. Working in coordination with the Executive 3. Coordinating with the 55 Local Chapters of the
Secretary at the IGS office at Nehru Place, New society in different cities of the country.
Delhi for routine activities such as newsletter, 4. Streamlining student chapter activities
journal, webinars and conferences, Executive
Committee Meetings, email correspondences, 5. Assistance to ISSMGE University Committee.
etc. 6. Assistance to set up IGS Foundation.
2. Periodic handling of web requirements assessment 7. Working in close coordination with the President and
and updating; follow with the website operator Honorary Secretary of the society or person nominated
and handling technical material in homepage. by them for various activities of the society.

Interested person, (preferably Delhi NCR based) may please apply at [email protected].

IGS News u January - March 2025 25

 A Brief Report on
10IYGEC 2025
The 10th Indian Young Geotechnical Instrumentation, Foundations, Field eminent speakers, including Dr. Divya
Engineers’ Conference (10IYGEC Monitoring, Site Investigations, P.V. (IIT Palakkad), Dr. Shilpi Mahapatra,
2025) was successfully held on March Environmental Geotechnics, and Case Dr. Mohit Somani (IIT Bhubaneswar),
11–12, 2025, at the Indian Institute of Studies. Distinguished experts graced Ms. Vimala (Keller India), and a joint
Technology Indore under the leadership the event as speakers and guests. The talk by Mr. Divyesh Rohit and Mr.
of Dr. Ramu Baadiga, IIT Indore, Chief Guest was Dr. Sanjay Gupta, IAS, Dheeraj Kumar Reddy from TechFab
Prof. Neelima Satyam, IIT Indore, Dr. Commissioner, Ujjain, and the Guest of India. Adding to the vibrancy of the
Raghavendra Singh, UEC Ujjain and Honour was Sh. Shrawan Kumar Singh, event, a dedicated exhibition zone
organizing team. This event is was Regional Officer, NHAI Bhopal. The covering over 8,000 sq. ft. housed 16+
organized in association with the Indian event was hosted under the leadership exhibition stalls, where various industries
Geotechnical Society (IGS) Chapters of of the Director Prof Suhas S. Joshi, IIT showcased their products, innovations,
Indore, Ujjain, Jabalpur, and Bhopal. Indore, President of IGS Dr. Anil Joseph, and technologies. The industry-
This event served as a dynamic platform and honorary secretary of IGS Dr A.P. academia interaction created valuable
for young geotechnical professionals Singh. This Megha event also hosted opportunities for knowledge transfer
under the age of 35 to present research, 242nd IGS executive body meeting at and future collaboration. In conclusion,
exchange ideas, and foster collaborations. IIT Indore on 10th March 2025, which 10IYGEC 2025 met its vision of uniting
The conference witnessed over 450+ led to a fruitful discussion for the next the next generation of geotechnical
confirmed participants across country engineers to explore challenges, present
upcoming events and future activities of
and few presented through online. A total solutions, and strengthen professional
IGS.
of 438 abstracts were received, of which networks. The success of this edition
292 full-length papers were received. Special invited lectures were delivered reinforces the growing momentum in
The event drew wide participation by Prof. G.R. Dodagoudar (IIT Madras) geotechnical research and practice in
from leading academic institutions and Shri Rajeev Saxena (Joint Secretary, India, laying a strong foundation for
such as IITs and NITs, alongside NTTM). The keynote lectures featured future engagements and innovations.
practicing professionals and industry
representatives from across India.
A series of keynote addresses, special
invited lectures, and technical sessions
provided deep insights into the latest
trends, research advancements, and
practical challenges in geotechnical
engineering. The technical sessions
spanned a wide array of themes, including
Ground Improvement Techniques,
Geosynthetics and Applications,
Transportation Geotechnics, Earthquake
and Offshore Geotechnical Engineering, 242nd EC meeting held at IIT Indore

Photosnap of the 10th IYGEC 2025 gathering

26 IGS News u January - March 2025

 CALL FOR ENTRIES
IGS-PROF. G.A. LEONARDS’ BEST PH.D THESIS PRIZE
IGS-Prof. G.A. Leonards’ prize for the best Ph.D Thesis in Geotechnical Engineering is open to all Indian Universities/ Institutions.
Nominations for the prize to be awarded during IGC-2025 at Jalandhar are invited. Ph.D. thesis awarded by the Universities/ Institutions
during the year 2024 alongwith a certificate from the University/Institution regarding the award may be sent to the IGS Secretariat
latest by July 31, 2025.

IGS-BEST DOCTORAL THESIS AWARD FROM NON-PREMIER

INSTITUTIONS SPONSORED BY PROF. M.R. MADHAV
IGS-Best Doctoral Thesis Award from Non-Premier Institutions sponsored by Prof. M.R. Madhav for the best thesis in Geotechnical
Engineering is open to all Indian Universities/ Institutions (non-premier). Nominations for the prize to be awarded during IGC-2025 at
Jalandhar are invited. Ph.D. thesis awarded by the Universities/Institutions (non-premier) during the year 2024 alongwith a certificate
from the University/Institution (non-premier) regarding the award may be sent to the IGS Secretariat latest by July 31, 2025.

CALL FOR NOMINATION

Best Teacher of Geotechnical IGS Forensic Geotechnical
Engineering Award 2025 Engineering Award 2025
Best Teacher of Geotechnical Engineering Award sponsored IGS Forensic Geotechnical Engineering Award is presented
by Prof. Dr. B.J. Kasmalkar is presented annually. The award biennially. The award carries a cash prize of Rs. 15,000, a plaque
carries a cash prize of Rs. 25,000, a plaque and certificate. The and certificate. The award will be presented at the IGS Annual
award will be presented at the IGS Annual General Session at General Session at Jalandhar in December 2025. Nominations
Jalandhar in December 2025. Nominations for the Award are for the award are invited from an IGS Member. The followings
invited from an IGS Member of Indian Nationality who have are the eligibility criteria for the Award:
made outstanding contribution in Geotechnical Engineering.
• It is open to all members of IGS - academicians, researchers,
Nominations for the Award should be on the prescribed form
practicing engineers and professionals.
available on IGS Portal. The following are the eligibility
criteria for the Award: • Applicant should be a member of IGS for a period of at
least 3 years before application.
• The candidate should have minimum 15 years teaching
experience in India at B.Tech/M.Tech level (or equivalent) • The project / case study should pertain to forensic
in IIT’s, IISc, NIT, recognized universities, deemed geotechnical engineering investigations / evaluations
universities, government and private engineering performed on a project in India within previous three years.
colleges affiliated to universities and AICTE approved or • Interested people should submit a duly signed nomination
accredited. to IGS
• Those teaching at Diploma level shall not be eligible. • Along with nomination, a 2-3 page note on the technical
• The candidate should not be more than 60 years of age on contribution on the forensic study performed should be
31st December during the year of application. submitted. It may include project details, calculations,
photographs, etc.
• The candidate should have an M.Tech or Ph.D degree in
Civil Engineering (or equivalent). • Paper(s) published (if any) during the last two years in
reputed journals or conference proceedings related to the
• The candidate should be an Indian national.
project on which forensic evaluation was done may be
• Candidate should be a member of IGS (national body) for submitted for consideration.
a minimum period of ten years.
All interested eligible IGS Members are requested to submit
The completed Nomination Form should reach at IGS their Nomination on or before July 31, 2025 at the IGS
Secretariat on or before July 31, 2025 Secretariat.

IGS News u January - March 2025 27

 ANNOUNCEMENT
IGS - MR. H.C. VERMA DIAMOND JUBILEE AWARD
Title : IGS-Mr. H.C. Verma Diamond Jubilee Award for Innovative Instrument Design
Frequency: Biennial
Award: Rs. 25,000/- Cash, Memento and Citation to be awarded in 2025

A biennial award namely IGS-Mr. H.C. Verma Diamond Jubilee GUIDELINES:

Award for Innovative Instrument Design is instituted by M/s The entries should include:
AIMIL LTD., New Delhi a pioneering Instrument Organisation,
• Detailed description of the instrument.
in memory of their late Founder and Chairman Mr. H.C. Verma.
The award carries a cash prize of Rs. 25,000/- a memento and • Its need, utility and detailed design.
certificate. • Fabrication and calibration procedures
The nature of this award is different from other IGS Awards since • Procedure for its use, limitations
this is intended to be neither a best paper published/thesis presented • Results obtained and their validation
model nor is it based on the achievements of individuals over a • Schematic sections/diagrams/photographs
period of time.
• Papers/ reports/ documents related to the
Those wishing to be nominated for this award will have to submit instrument
details of their instrument design to the IGS Secretariat for the due • Names and Address of 3 Referees who are
selection process. Nominations for the year 2025 are invited and familiar with the work.
interested persons may submit their entries to IGS Secretariat latest
by July 31, 2025.

IGS-SARDAR RESHAM SINGH MEMORIAL AWARD 2025

A biennial award namely IGS-Sardar Resham Singh Memorial for the year 2025 are invited and interested persons
Award for Innovative Original Research Applications/Procedures may submit their entries to IGS Secretariat latest by
to Benefit Infrastructure Projects in the field has been instituted July 31, 2025.
by M/s HEICO LTD., New Delhi a pioneering Instrument
GUIDELINES:
Organisation, in memory of their late Founder and Chairman Sardar
Resham Singh. The award carries a cash prize of Rs. 50,000/- a The entries should include:
memento and citation. • Original Innovative Research/ Applications/
Procedures
Those wishing to be nominated for this award shall submit their
original Innovative Research/Applications/ Procedures duly • Benefits to Infrastructure Projects
referenced by two eminent Referees on the subject. The applicant • Reduction in ill effects of natural disasters
must be a member of Indian Geotechnical Society. Nominations • Any other related advantage.

47th IGS ANNUAL LECTURE 2025

The prestigious
th
47 IGS Annual Lecture 2025
will be delivered by Prof. Deepankar Choudhury, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumba.
The topic of his lecture is
“Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering for Geo-Structures:
Transformative Research into Practice”

28 IGS News u January - March 2025

 Young Geotechnical Engineer (YGE) Best Paper Awards-2025
INVITATION FOR SUBMISSION OF PAPERS 5. Papers published in following Proceedings/Journals shall be
eligible for the Awards.
To motivate and encourage Young Geotechnical Engineers to get
involved and participate in Geotechnical research and field work, (i) Proceedings of immediate past IGS IYGE Conference
biennial Best Paper Awards especially for YGE have been instituted (IYGEC-2023 at Aurangabad)
for best papers in various areas of Geotechnical Engineering. All (ii) Indian Geotechnical Journal (IGJ) of the last two years
interested YGE are requested to participate and submit their papers (2023 & 2024).
on or before 31st July, 2025. The following seven (7) odd-year (iii) Proceedings of the last two IGCs (IGC 2023 & 2024).
Awards will be given during IGC-2025 at Jalandhar.
(iv) Proceedings of ISSMGE sponsored Conferences such
1. IGS-Soiltech India Pvt Ltd, Pune YGE Award for Best Paper on as ICSMGE, ARCs, iYGEC and Seminar/ Workshop/
Shallow Foundations. Symposium organized by ISSMGE-TCs during last four
2. IGS-AIMIL-HCV YGE Award for Best Paper on Geotechnical years ( 2021, 2022, 2023 & 2024).
Investigation and Testing. (v) Proceedings of National Conference/Seminar/Workshop
3. IGS-Bangalore Chapter YGE Award for Best Paper on conducted in India by any institute/organizations in last
Environmental Geotechnology. two years (2023 & 2024)
4. IGS-Roorkee Chapter YGE Award for Best Paper on Rock (vi) Any paper identified by IGS Secretariat by suitable means
Mechanics and Rock Engineering. published in last two years (2023 & 2024).

5. IGS-Chennai Chapter YGE Award for Best Paper on Solutions 6. Nominations (submission of papers on behalf of author/s) from
of Problematic Soils. the following are also invited.
6. IGS-Kakinada Chapter YGE Award for Best Paper on Deep (i) IGS Executive Committee members
Excavations and Underground Structures. (ii) Chairmen/Secretaries of IGS Local Chapters.
7. IGS-Kolkata Chapter YGE Award for Best Paper on Earth (iii) Heads of Civil Engineering Departments of IITs, IISc and
Retaining Structures. any technical institute in India.

RULES AND SUBMISSION PROCEDURE 7. While submitting the papers, the Date of Birth and proof
thereof of YGE author/s of the paper must be provided. The
1. The Awards will be awarded to YGEs during IGS Annual
author/s shall provide all related information including the
General Session conducted at the time of Indian Geotechnical
source and date of publication. It shall also mention the name
Conference-2025 (IGC-2025).
of the Award for which the paper is submitted. The contact
2. The Award carries a Memento and Certificate. In case of more details such as full address, mobile number, email ID etc. shall
than one YGE author, the Award shall be given to YGE listed also be provided.
first on the paper.
8. The author can submit more than one paper for an Award. Also
3. For the purpose of the Awards, YGE is defined as an Engineer of the same paper can be submitted for more than one Award if
Indian origin who is of the age of thirty-five (35) years or less as content of the paper is related to the areas of more than one
on 1st January, 2024. Award. However, only one Award shall be given to the same
4. The paper may have more than one author and author/s above paper and/or the same author for the given year.
the age as defined for YGE, however, at least one of the authors 9. Last date for submission/ nomination of papers is 31st July,
shall be YGE. 2025.

Format for Submission of Paper for YGE Best Paper Award

Name of YGE author :..................................................................................................................................................................................
Date of Birth (dd/mm/yyyy) :.................................................................. Age as on 01-01-2024.................................................................
Proof of age (copy of Driving license/ School leaving cert./ Adhaar card/ PAN card etc.:..........................................................................
Mobile No. :............................................................................................. E-mail:.........................................................................................
Postal Address:..............................................................................................................................................................................................
Name of Award for which paper is submitted: ............................................................................................................................................
Title of Paper:................................................................................................................................................................................................
Source and Date of publication: ...................................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................
Date and Signature of author/person submitting the paper

IGS News u January - March 2025 29

 CH 2025
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For ISSMGE Bulletin & HTC Champions 2025 Asis Podcast can be accessed through the following links:
ISSMGE Bulletin Link:
https://www.issmge.org/publications/issmge-bulletin/vol-19-issue-1-march-2025
Podcast Link:
https://open.spotify.com/show/6fAauqVNx1x4nJV7xle4ZH?si=e3da198543864e04

30 IGS News u January - March 2025

 INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL JOURNAL
Volume 55, Issue 1, February 2025
CONTENTS
ORIGINAL PAPERS
Numerical Analysis of Combined Helical Pile Raft Foundation (CHPRF) Under Compressive and Tensile Loadings 1 - 18
Priyanka Ghosh, Sarvesh Garg and Subinay Saha Roy
Effect of Geosynthetics-Reinforced Cushion on the Behavior of Partial Connected Piled Raft Foundation in Dry and Saturated Sandy Soil Using Shaking Table 19-32
Karrar A. AlSaadi, Alaa D. Almurshedi and Mahdi Karkush
Volumetric Swell Prediction of Alkali-Activated Sulfate-Rich Dispersive Clay 33-45
Nilo Cesar Consoli, Gustavo Dias Miguel, Hugo Carlos Scheuermann Filho, Lucas Festugato and Pablo Oliveira dos Passos Coelho
Static Response of Non-yielding Basement Walls with Different Material Properties 46-61
Magdi El-Emam, Ahmed Badr Mabrouk and Amin Bigdeli
The Influence About Coupled Initial Water Content and Local Expansion on Mechanical Properties and Deformation of the Tunnel in Mudstone 62-78
Zhiqiang Li, Chi Zhang,Gongning Liu, Peng Wu, Pan Cao and Huijian Zhang
Using Novel Optimization Algorithms with Support Vector Regression to Estimate Pile Settlement Rates 79-91
Lu Sun and Tinghui Li
The Evolution of the Hydraulic Conductivity of Fly Ash-Treated Sand as a Liquefaction Countermeasure 92-106
Minson Simatupang, Romy Suryaningrat Edwin, Sulha Sulha, He, Heriansyah Putra and Dede Heri Yuli Yanto
Study on Long-Period Ground Motion Amplification Effect of Buried Paleogene Basin Structures in North China 107-118
Wuping Gao, Yanxiang Yu and Jinbao Zheng
A Review on Liquefaction Potential Assessment with a Case Study on Roorkee Region, Uttarakhand 119-134
Gowtham Padmanabhan, B. K. Maheshwari and Pradeep Muley
Analysis of Flexible Friction Reinforcement Model of Root–Soil Complex Based on Root Weight Density 135-144
Wang Shuisheng, Liu Sisi, Li Mouming and Yu Yi
Characteristic of Ring Footing Fixed with Geogrid Strip Resting on Sand Using Numerical Technique 145-160
Dipendra C. Swarnkar and A. K. Singh
Investigation on Load Transfer in Geosynthetic-Reinforced Pile-Supported Embankments 161-175
Muhan Yan, Shuaijie Guo, Haiyang Zhang, Xuguo Song and Hong Xiao
Leaching Behavior of Alkali-Activated Gold Tailings Over Wetting–Drying Cycles 176-190
Carolina Pereira dos Santos, Giovani Jordi Bruschi, Suellen Tonatto Ferrazzo, William Mateus Kubiaki Levandoski, Eduardo Pavan Karf and Nilo Cesar Consoli
Analysis of a Rock Slope with an Infilled Planar Joint Using Deterministic and Probabilistic Approaches 191-199
Bhawarnab Gautam and Siddharth Mehndiratta
Behavior Study of Shallowly Buried Large-Span Steel Culverts by Inclusion of Geotextile Reinforcements 200-209
Hai Ying Dai, GuanJun Shao, YuXiu Huang, DanHui Cai, Jian Hong, WenQi Liu and XiaoWen Cai
The Implementation of a Machine-Learning-Based Model Utilizing Meta-heuristic Algorithms for Predicting Pile Bearing Capacity 210-225
Liang Cai, Delong Zhu and Kang Xu
Investigation of Site Amplification for the Sedimentary Deposits of DMDP Area in Bangladesh 226-244
Abul Khair Ripon, Hore Mehedi and Ahmed Ansary
Drained Shear Behavior of Sand Stabilized with PAYTEX-NL25 Polymer and Reinforced with Waste Tire Textile Fibers 245-259
Alireza Khalili, Mahmoud Hassanlourad and Alireza Ardakani
Effect of Anchor Angle on the Stability of Slope Reinforced by Pile-anchor Structure Under Seismic Load 268-282
Aman Kumar and Radhikesh Prasad Nanda
Influence of Uncertainty in the Elastic Modulus of Soil on the Combined Axial and Laterally Loaded Pile Group 283 - 302
Saikumar Kotra and Kaustav Chatterjee
Soil Structure Interaction Effects on Multistorey Asymmetric Building Subjected to Earthquake Loading 303 - 314
Abhijit Chakraborty, Kamal Bhattacharya and Vishwas A. Sawant
Prediction of Unconfined Compressive Strength of Stabilized Sand Using Machine Learning Methods 315 – 332
Qinggang Zhao and Yan Shi
A 3D Numerical Investigation on Seismic Behavior of Sleeved-Pile with Soil–Rubber Mixture in Foundation of Structures 333 - 349
Pooya ZiaAli and Komak Panah
Experimental and Numerical Evaluation Performance of Strip Foundation Reinforced with Steel Slag Columns Compared to Skirted Foundation 350- 366
Moein Mohammadizadeh, Bahram Nadi, Alborz Hajiamnia and Elham Mahmoudi
Investigating the Effect of Treating Reinforcement with Different Additives on the Bearing Capacity of the Footing: An Experimental Study 367- 381
Siavash Zamani, Seyed Hamid Lajevardi, Akbar Yarivand and Ehsanolah Zeighami
Role of Nano-silica Additive on the Strength Behaviour of a Highly Plastic Clay Found in an Indian Paddy Field 382- 392
Swapna Thomas, S. Chandrakaran and N. Sankar
Review of the State-of-the-Art on Response on Tapered Piles to Different Loading Conditions 393 – 407
Chinju Vijayan and Ramanathan Ayothiraman
A Review: Applications of Fuzzy Theory in Rock Engineering 408 - 425
Farhad Samimi Namin and Mohammad Matin Rouhani
A Case Study of Tunnel Stability in Quaternary Deposits Using Pipe-Roof Supports 426 - 442
Arun Gangwar, Shubham Handa, Jitendra Kumar, Mahendra Singh and R. D. Dwivedi
Parametric Study of Helical Piles Subjected to Compression and Tension Loading Through Finite Element Analysis: A Case Study 443 - 454
Jackson Andres Gil-Hernandez, Gabriela Ibarra-Penagos and Cesar Augusto Triviño-Oviedo
Soil Bearing Capacity Estimation using Plate Load Test for Station 5 of MRT Line -6 at Dhaka: A Case Study 455 - 470
Kh.Afia Farzana Haque, Rishath Sabrin, Mohiuddin Ahmed and Khondaker Sakil Ahmed
Correlation of Pressuremeter Test Results with SPT N Values and Liquidity Index for Cohesive Soil of Normal Calcutta Deposit 485 – 499
Saptarshi Nandi, Kaushik Bandyopadhyay, Dipanjan Basu and Amit Shiuly
Bearing Capacity Factors of Helical Piles Embedded in Cohesive Soils 500 - 511
Arnab Debnath and V. P. Singh
Experimental Study, Using Recycled Aggregates in Mix Design of Granular Sub Base (GSB) Layer “Close Graded: Grading II Gradation” 512 - 520
Pramodini SahuRosalin Dalai and Rajiv Lochan Sahu
Monitoring and Simulation Analysis of Deep Foundation Pit Excavation of Subway Station in Watery and Weak Stratum 521 - 539
Hongde Wang and Shitong He
Development of Empirical Correlations Between CPT and Other Soil Parameters Within DMDP Area, Bangladesh 540 - 555
Sumaya Hasan and Mehedi Ahmed Ansary
Stability Evaluation of Unlined Circular Tunnels in Sloping Rock Terrain Using Adaptive Finite Element Limit Analysis 556 - 584
Aayush Kumar and Vinay Bhushan Chauhan
Behaviour of Spread Footings Resting on Fibre-Reinforced Green Binder-Stabilised Sand Layers 585 - 596
Débora Thais Mesavilla, Marina Paula Secco, Aghileh Khajeb, Antonio Thome, Hugo Carlos Scheuerehmann Filho and Nilo Cesar Consoli

IGS News u January - March 2025 31

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 1st Geotech Asia 2025
GeoVadis The Future of Geotechnical Engineering
Organized by 7th – 10th October, 2025
INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY
Venue Website: www.geotechasia.org
Taj Cidade de Goa Horizon, Goa Email : [email protected]

Invitation Key Dates for Paper Submission

It is with great pleasure that we extend a warm invitation to the Full Paper Submission Deadline 11.04.2025
1st Geotech Asia International Conference (Geotech Asia) Full Paper Acceptance Notification 25.04.2025
that will take place in Goa, from October 7th to 10th, 2025.
Final Camera Ready Paper Submission Deadline 15.05.2025
About 1st Geotech Asia 2025, Goa, India Publisher: The Conference proceedings will be published as an
Asian Regional Conferences occur every four years through a open access volume by CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group)
competitive bidding and voting process among the 90 ISSMGE
Member Societies, representing around 20,000 professionals. Important Dates
Due to high competition, hosting rights are difficult to secure. Board Meeting – Fed IGS 06.10.2025
At the Asian Council Meeting in Astana during the 17th Asian Portugal-Brazil-India joint preconference Workshop 06.10.2025
Regional Conference, the idea of "Geotech Asia" was introduced.
Indo-US joint preconference Workshop 06.10.2025
India won the bid to host the 1st Geotech Asia in 2025 with an
18–3 vote, marking a milestone for the Indian Geotechnical 1st Geotech Asia conference 2025 07-10.10.2025
Society, which also hosted the 1st Asian Regional Conference Board Meeting – ISSMGE 11.10.2025
in 1960. We are pleased to announce that the board meetings of
Fed IGS and ISSMGE will be held in conjunction with the 1st Registration Details
Geotech Asia 2025. The event will feature distinguished keynote Category Delegate Package Amount
and invited speakers from around the world, along with two (INR)
pre-conference workshops: the Portugal-Brazil-India Workshop General 40,000
and the Indo-US Workshop. A highlight of the event will be the Early Bird Regular AGSSA Member (Special rates) 32,000
inaugural ISSMGE Asian Lifetime Service Award ceremony, Registration IGS Member (Special rates) 28,000
where Prof. M.R. Madhav will be honored as the first recipient. (on or before
March 28, Student 21,000
Conference Sub-Themes 2025) Student Student AGSSA (Special rates) 18,000
• TH-01: Academic and Professional Practices in Student IGS (Special rates) 15,000
Geotechnical Engineering Regular Regular 45,000
• TH-02: Cold Region Geotechnics Registration Student 23,000
• TH-03: Deep Excavation and Retention Systems (after March
• TH-04: Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics 28, 2025) Accompanying Persons 20,000
• TH-05: Embankments and Dams * Inclusive of 18% GST. As a reference 1 USD = INR 80.
• TH-06: Environmental Geotechnics
• TH-07: Foundation Engineering Address for Correspondence :-
• TH-08: Geosynthetic Engineering Department of Civil Engineering,
• TH-09: Geotechnics of Unsaturated Soils Indian Institute of Technology Bombay,
• TH-10: Marine and Coastal Geotechnics Powai, Mumbai - 400 076, Maharashtra, India
Website : geotechasia.org
• TH-11: Risk and Reliability in Geotechnical Engineering
Email : [email protected]
• TH-12: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering
• TH-13: Site Characterization Organising Chairmen
• TH-14: Slope Stability, Erosion and Landslides Prof. Ashish Juneja : +91 9820301079
• TH-15: Soft Computing and AI/ML in Geotechnical Prof. Dasaka S Murthy : +91 9869607604
Engineering Dr. Anil Joseph : +91 9388868327
• TH-16: Soil Stabilization and Ground Improvement Organising Secretaries
• TH-17: Theoretical and Computational Geomechanics Er. Sridhar Valluri : +91 9967063113
• TH-18: Transportation Geotechnics Dr. Sunil S. Basarkar : +91 9819799292
• TH-19: Tunneling and Underground Structures Dr. A.P. Singh : +91 9899787317

IGS News u January - March 2025 33

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Perform advanced finite element or limit equilibrium

analysis of soil and rock deformation and stability, as well
as soil structure interaction, groundwater, and heat flow.

Requisition of PLAXIS licenses available for IGS members.

PLAXIS 3D PLAXIS 2D

• Perform everyday deformation and safety analysis for soil • Perform everyday deformation and safety analysis for
and rock soil and rock
• Creep or flow-deformation coupling • Analyse the effects of vibrations
• Consolidation Analysis
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 IGC - 2025
INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL CONFERENCE
'GEOTECHNICAL PRACTICES FOR
INNOVATIONS AND SUSTAINABILITY'
JALANDHAR CHAPTER

18th – 20th December, 2025 | Website: https://igc2025nitj.com/

Venue: Important Dates
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Abstract Submission April 30, 2025
(NIT), Jalandhar, Punjab, India Decision on Abstract June 15, 2025
Full Paper Submission August 15, 2025
Jointly Organized by :
Decision on Full Paper October 15, 2025
Indian Geotechnical Society, Jalandhar Chapter Submission of Camera Ready Paper October 31, 2025
Civil Engineering Department, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Regular Registration October 31, 2025
National Institute of Technology (NIT), Jalandhar, Punjab Late Registration Nov. 1 - Dec. 15, 2025
Invitation Spot Registration After Dec. 15, 2025

Indian Geotechnical Society, Jalandhar Chapter and Civil Sponsorship Details

Engineering Department, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Sponsorship Fee (Rs. Free Free Ad Corporate Corporate
Institute of Technology (NIT), Jalandhar, Punjab extends in Lakh) Delegates Presentation Presentation
you a warm invitation to the IGC-2025 to be held at NIT Platinum 10.00 6 Full Page Yes 18’ x 9’
Jalandhar. Color
Diamond 5.00 4 Full Page Yes 9’ x 9’
Conference Themes Color
The main theme of the Conference is 'Geotechnical Gold 2.50 3 Full Page NA NA
Practices for Innovations and Sustainability'. Color
Gold 2.50 3 Full Page NA NA
Conference Sub-Themes Color
• Foundations – Shallow and Deep Silver 1.00 2 Full Page NA NA
• Geoenvironmental Engineering B&W
• Site Investigations and Explorations Bronze 0.50 1 Half Page NA NA
B&W
• Earth Retaining Structures
Well 0.25 1 Qr Page NA NA
• Geosynthetics and Reinforced Soil Structures Wisher B&W
• Forensic Geotechnical Engineering Registration Fees
• Soil Dynamics and Geotechnical Earthquake
Delegate Category Upto After 31.10.2025 After Foreign
Engineering 31.10.2025 Upto 15.12.2025 15.12.2025 Delegates
• Ground Improvement Techniques (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) (USD)
• Physical and Numerical Modelling IGS Member 7000 8000 9000 450
• Geotechnics for Sustainable Cities Non-IGS Member 7500 8500 10000 500
• Rock Mechanics, Tunneling and Underground Student 3500 4000 5000 250
Structures Senior Citizen (Retired) 2500 3000 4000 250
• Slope Stability and Landslides Spouse 2500 3000 3000 250
• Transportation Geotechnics Address for Correspondence :-
• Soil Structure Interaction Dr. H.S. Chore
• Uncertainties, Risk and Reliability in Geotechnical Co-Chairman & Principal Organizing Secretary
Indian Geotechnical Conference, IGC-2025
Engineering Department of Civil Engineering,
• AI/ML/DL Application in Geotechnical Engineering Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology,
Jalandhar, Punjab-144008
• Geomaterial Characterization
Email: [email protected]
• Case Studies Visit us : http://igc2025nitj.com/

IGS News u January - March 2025 37

 12th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FIELD
MONITORING IN GEOMECHANICS
(ISFMG 2026)
Abstract Submission is Open Now Venue
Brilliant Convention Centre, Indore,
Madhya Pradesh, India
Supported by
INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY
Website: www.isfmg2026.com
Email : [email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]

Invitation Key Dates

It is with great pleasure that we extend a warm invitation Symposium Dates 06-10 Aug 2026
to the 12th International Symposium on Field Monitoring in Open for submission of abstracts 20 Feb 2025
Geomechanics (ISFMG 2026) that will take place in Indore, Deadline for abstracts submission 31 May 2025
from August 6th to 10th, 2026.
Notification of abstracts acceptance 31 July 2025
Symposium Theme Submission of draft manuscripts 31 Dec 2025
Notification of paper acceptance 15 Feb 2026
The main theme of the symposium is "Advances in Field
Monitoring for Geomechanics". Deadline for final paper submission 15 March 2026
Registration Starts 01 Oct 2025
Symposium Sub-Themes Early-Bird Registration 31 March 2026
• Tunnels and Underground Spaces
Registration Fees
• Bridges and Transport Infrastructure By After Onsite
Registration Type 24.11.2025 24.11.2025 24.02.2026
• Dams and Embankments
$ $ $
• Slopes and Earthworks Standard Registration 600 700 900
• Buildings and Foundations Student Registration 300 350 500
SAARC Country Delegates 500 600 800
• Mining and Landfill
SAARC Country Students 250 300 400
• Environmental Monitoring
Address for Correspondence
• The Observational Methods Prof. Neelima Satyam
Symposium Convener
• Specifications and Standards
Department of Civil Engineering,
• Excavation and Retaining Structure Indian Institute of Technology Indore
+91-9440488034 (Mobile)
• Inverse Modelling [email protected]
[email protected]
• Advanced Design Technology [email protected]
Visit us : www.isfmg2026.com

IGS News u January - March 2025 39

 Welcome to New Members
The Executive Committee of IGS extends hearty welcome to the following members who have been admitted to the Society recently/
elevated to Fellowship.
LIFE FELLOWS NIRAV KAUSHIKBHAI GOHIL LM-5937
MANJUNATH L LF-0674 JAJATI KESHARI NAIK LM-5938
C.R. BALAJI LF-0675 PRIYANKA CHHAGAN LATE LM-5939
P.C. NAVEENA LF-0676 NIKUNJ BINNANI LM-5940
PARVATHI G.S. LF-0677 PRASANNA VENKATESH R LM-5941
ASHOK MATHUR LM-5942
LIFE MEMBERS GIRISH MATHUR LM-5943
LAL MANI SINGH LM-5889 DINESH PERIWAL LM-5944
BALA PARAMKUSAM RAMUDU LM-5890 SAHDEO THALOR LM-5945
MANDALA VISHNUVARDHAN LM-5891 MANSHA MUSHTAQ LM-5946
THIRUGNANA SAMBANDAM K.S. LM-5892 KAJAL SWAIN LM-5947
SARAH MARIAM ABRAHAM LM-5893 HIMANSHU MELKANI LM-5948
ASHUTOSH KAINTHOLA LM-5894 SHAKTI SAGAR PANDEY LM-5949
RESHMA SUKUMAR LM-5895 PREM KUMAR CHOUHAN LM-5950
FAMY S MAHEEN LM-5896 ARINDAM KARMAKAR LM-5951
PAVAN KUMAR THIPPA LM-5897 PURAN LM-5952
BHAVYA K. LM-5898 SAMBIT PANI LM-5953
CHANNABASSAMMA N LM-5899 JAISINGH VERMA LM-5954
NAMAN KANTESARIA LM-5900 DEBDIP DAS LM-5955
TEJA MUNAGA LM-5901 SAIKAT KUILI LM-5956
ANKUR ABHISHEK LM-5902 SAYEEDA SYED LM-5957
PRACHI GOUR LM-5903 ANIMESH MISHRA LM-5958
SHREYANS KUMAR JAIN LM-5904 TEJINDER THAKUR LM-5959
NUJJAT AKHIL SHAIKH LM-5905 ROHIT RANA LM-5960
ANIL KUMAR YADAVA LM-5906 ALOK KUMAR LM-5961
MASOOM MAIRAJ LM-5907 R.K. YADAV LM-5962
AKSHYA SHARMA LM-5908 CHARAKHO N CHAH LM-5963
S KESAV ARNEPALLI KUMAR LM-5909 JAGDISH GOUDA LM-5964
ASHOK MALI SHIIVLING LM-5910 KESAVAMOORTHY NACHIMUTHU LM-5965
RAJNI LALPURA CHINTAN LM-5911 DURAISWAMY V LM-5966
V.P. SORNARAJ LM-5912 HARIBASKAR VELLAIYAPPAN LM-5967
KULDEEP SHARMA LM-5913 MUJEEB UL REHMAN LM-5968
SUDARSHAN BOBADE SAMPATRAO LM-5914
SHYAM MUDE NARAYAN LM-5915
STUDENT MEMBERS
KUMMARI SEKHAR SM-0397
CHAYAN GUPTA LM-5916
PAVAN KUMAR BHUKYA SM-0398
ALOK RAROTIYA LM-5917
SYED MASOODHU LM-5918 RADHA YESHWANT PRABHU SM-0399
JANARUL SHAIKH LM-5919 SURESH S. SM-0400
SHWETABH YADAV LM-5920 UPASANA NATH SM-0401
NITISH ANGRAL LM-5921 BHAVITHA K SM-0402
AARATHY S. S. LM-5922 REVATHY MANOHAR SM-0403
JYOTHI D N LM-5923 NITISH KUMAR SM-0404
ROHIT ANAND LM-5924 ANJALI S SM-0405
SURESH GS LM-5925 VISHNU G SM-0406
IRFAN PARRAY SHAFI LM-5926 SHILPA MARY SAM SM-0407
MONOMOY GOSWAMI LM-5927 PARTHKUMAR BHAILAL MACHHI SM-0408
RICHA SHARMA LM-5928 MD NASEEM AHAMAD SM-0409
IRAM AZIZ LM-5929 APOORVA SAHNI SM-0410
TUSHAR M PRABHAKAR LM-5930 NEELU PATEL SM-0411
BHUPENDRA RAMSWARUP AGRAWAL LM-5931 RANITA RAY SM-0412
ARPIT SETHIA LM-5932 HARDIK DINESHBHAI LAD SM-0413
AMIT JADHAV LM-5933 SHUBHAM SRIVASTAVA SM-0414
DIWAKAR SINGH LM-5934 MAHENDRA PATEL SM-0415
AJAY MALVIYA LM-5935 ASIT BAYEN SM-0416
PANKAJ SANKHALA LM-5936 SHAHANA K. K. SM-0417

IGS News u January - March 2025 41

 OBITUARY
When the Indian Geotechnical Society hosted the fifth Asian Regional
Conference in Bangalore (1975), for the first time, I felt the surge of
its national impact—though Yudhbir was at MIT then, he joined the
momentum soon after. Together, we championed its integration with
Professor Yudhbir geology, geomorphology, hydrogeology and soil mechanics, to solve
real-world problems.
(August 1, 1936 – We were equally troubled by the disappointing state of, and respect
March 16, 2025) for well-engineered site-specific soil investigations in India. Under
the aegis of the ISSMFE, as a member of a specially constituted
subcommittee, a paper on soil sampling practices in India, was
co-authored by me and K.R. Datye, which got published in the
proceedings of the 1979 International Symposium on Soil Sampling
held in Singapore—a small but significant step toward national
capacity-building. Yudhbir and I often discussed the care of detail
A Tribute by R.K. Bhandari – required in undisturbed sampling of shear zones , discrete landslide
boundary shears , slip surfaces , joints , fractures and discontinuities
His Friend, Colleague, and Admirer and their laboratory testing under appropriate stress-path conditions.
Broadly speaking , the following three deeply shared convictions
Born on August 1, 1936, in the modest village of Mirthal in Punjab, defined our bond:
Professor Yudhbir bid farewell to this world on March 16, 2025,
after playing a luminous innings on the grand pitch of Geotechnical First, we both resisted the growing trend of dilution of scientific rigor
Engineering. His contributions were so profound and far-reaching in geotechnical engineering by majoritarian decisions. As chairs of
that he shall forever be remembered as an unforgettable teacher, an the DST’s Committee on Landslides at different times, we upheld the
accomplished mentor, and a towering figure in his discipline. sanctity of multidisciplinary investigations over expedient, technology-
driven fixes. Together, we helped draft India’s first National Guidelines
My journey with Yudhbir began serendipitously in 1962, when we on Landslide Management (2009) and documented the lessons from
sat side by side, appearing for the M.Tech entrance examination at the tragic Malpa landslides of 1998 and 2017 in a monograph jointly
IIT Bombay. The test, conducted by the legendary Professor R.K. published by the Indian National Academy of Engineering and CSIR-
Katti—a pioneer in research on Indian Black Cotton Soils—marked NISCAIR in 2018.
the beginning of our lifelong companionship, rooted in shared dreams,
unwavering ethical values, and a deep love for our profession. Second, we lamented the inability to convert national geotechnical
investments into meaningful outcomes and innovative solutions. Post
Yudhbir’s career spanned more than six decades and bore the hallmarks the Gujarat Earthquake (2001), we worked on multidisciplinary studies
of quiet brilliance, moral conviction, and relentless dedication. He was of geomorphic features and liquefaction effects. A DST-funded project
a man of outcomes—not one to chase accolades, but to build legacies led to the 2003 Monograph on Seismic Microzonation, published by
through service and substance. As a teacher-consultant, he played a the Indian National Academy of Engineering. Our shared belief in
seminal role in raising the standards of geotechnical discourse in India. the power of connecting the threads of geology , geomorphology ,
His presence graced national and international committees, where his hydrogeology and soil mechanics found further voice in my 2002 S.P.
voice, grounded in independent thinking, often became the voice of Nautiyal Memorial Lecture, where I focused on ocular geomorphology
conscience and clarity. and its role in landslide hazard mapping—then a priority of the Wadia
A visionary thought-leader, Professor Yudhbir recognized early the Institute of Himalayan Geology, where Yudhbir and I were both
pressing need to bridge the gap between scientific inquiry and on- closely associated at that time.
ground engineering practice. He carried forward the legacy of his Finally—and most profoundly—we were united in our refusal to
mentors—Professor R.K. Katti, who initiated him into the world of compromise truth in the face of political, bureaucratic, or market
soil engineering during 1962–64, and Professor D.J. Henkel at Cornell pressures. In an era increasingly shaped by convenience and
University, under whom he completed his Ph.D. (1966–69). Around conformity, Yudhbir remained steadfast, like a rock, anchored in his
the same time, I too was completing my doctoral research at Imperial moral and intellectual principles. Every time he stood his ground, my
College, London, under the guidance of Professor A.W. Skempton , respect and pride in our friendship grew.
Professor A.W. Bishop and Professor J.N.Hutchinson , focusing on
slope instability in fissured clays. While Yudhbir studied the Siwalik His passing leaves an unfillable void—not just for his beloved
slopes in India, my work revolved around mudslides in the United wife, Mrs. Swaran, his son Lalit, and his daughter Anjali—but for
Kingdom—different terrains, but a shared commitment to the science every life he touched. Their grief, though immense, is tempered by
beneath our feet. the knowledge that Yudhbir’s life was one of purpose, wisdom, and
unwavering integrity. To us, he was not merely a brilliant mind, but a
Following a brief stint with Woodward-Clyde and Associates in soul of great warmth and resolute character—one who believed that
California, Yudhbir returned to India in 1970 and joined IIT Kanpur— what looks pleasing is not always what is right.
his Karma Bhumi—where he served for over 27 years. His academic
engagements also took him to MIT (1975), the Asian Institute of In remembering Yudhbir, we salute a life lived in service of truth,
Technology in Bangkok (1981–83 and 1989–94), RPI in Troy, NY excellence, and education. His legacy is not just written in scholarly
(1986), and Moh and Associates (1995). Yet no matter the distance, papers and monographs but engraved in the hearts and minds of those
our intellectual bond remained unbroken. privileged to learn from him. A custodian of knowledge and a beacon
of principled living, his spirit will continue to guide generations of
Both of us were captivated by the principle of effective stress—a engineers, educators, and seekers.
foundational concept in geotechnical engineering- during our formative
period of research. We dedicated ourselves to seed transformational May his noble soul rest in eternal peace.
change via its propagation in classrooms and consultations alike. R.K. Bhandari

IGS News u January - March 2025 43

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Editor : Dr. A.P. Singh, Hon. Secretary, IGS & Director, Explore Engineering Consultants Pvt. Ltd., C-273, Sector 63, Noida,
Uttar Pradesh 201301
Assoc. Editor : Mr. Sanjay Arora, Exec. Secretary, Indian Geotechnical Society, 206, Manisha, 75-76, Nehru Place, New Delhi-110019
Published by : Indian Geotechnical Society (Regn. No. S/18957), 206, Manisha, 75-76, Nehru Place, New Delhi-110019
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