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Lab 01

The document outlines a Python lab for astrophysics, consisting of four exercises. Exercise 1 calculates the factorial of a user-input number, Exercise 2 generates and processes ten random numbers, Exercise 3 plots a mathematical function based on user input, and Exercise 4 visualizes data from a file with points and a connecting line. Each exercise includes code snippets and explanations of the processes involved.

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5 views

Lab 01

The document outlines a Python lab for astrophysics, consisting of four exercises. Exercise 1 calculates the factorial of a user-input number, Exercise 2 generates and processes ten random numbers, Exercise 3 plots a mathematical function based on user input, and Exercise 4 visualizes data from a file with points and a connecting line. Each exercise includes code snippets and explanations of the processes involved.

Uploaded by

mastery78
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Astrophysics Lab

Lab 01 – Python Introduction


Anthony Evans

Exercise 1:

import math

num = int(input("Enter a number to calculate its factorial: "))

f = math.factorial(num)

print("The factorial of", num, " is ", f, ".")

Exercise 2:

import numpy as np
import statistics

x = np.random.uniform(low= 0, high= 1, size=(10)) #Creates an array of 10 random #s

r = np.round(x, 7)
#I rounded to 7 decimal places to get the numbers to display properly in the text file
#When I looked for a solution online, they indicated this can fix it, and it did

sort = sorted(r) #Sorts array in order

mean = statistics.mean(sort) #Provides the mean of the values

meanround = np.round(mean, 7) #To keep things consistent, rounded this to 7 as well

print("The ten random numbers, sorted in ascending order is:")

print(*sort,sep='\n') #prints the sorted values, with each value on a new line

print("\nThe mean value of all 10 numbers is: ", meanround)

np.savetxt("my_array.txt", sort, fmt='%.7f')


#Saves the sorted array to a .txt file, with each value on a new line

print("\nSorted array of values has additionally been saved to 'my_array.txt'")

3. Exercise 3

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

whateveryouwant = float(input("For y = 10 - x² + x³/10, enter a value x to find the resulting value


for y: "))
#Not sure if you wanted this also, but since you mentioned this as an input and output,
#I added this too just in case (if you don’t expect this, then just skip to line 15 on)

y = 10 - whateveryouwant**2 + whateveryouwant**3/10
#The y function that the input gets applied to (and is later used for the plot)

y_round = round(y, 7) #Rounds the y value to ensure it prints correctly

print("\nFor x = ", whateveryouwant, ": 10 - ", whateveryouwant, "² + ", whateveryouwant,


"³/10 = ", y_round, sep="")

#Here on redefines whateveryouwant to be the x values for the y values to be plotted

def calculate_y(whateveryouwant):
#creates calculate_y as the function and whateveryouwant as the independent value(s)
y = 10 - whateveryouwant**2 + whateveryouwant**3/10
return y

x_create_values = np.linspace(-5, 5, 101) #Creates the values for the list

x_values = x_create_values.tolist() #Converts the array into a list (since you asked for it as a
"list")

y_values = [] # create empty list to hold y dependent variables as they are calculated

for for_plot in x_values:


y_values.append(calculate_y(for_plot))
#For loop to calculate the values to plot

plt.figure() #New empty list for the values to plot

plt.plot(x_values, y_values, color='magenta') #Plots the x and y values in magenta

plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')

plt.show()

print("\nFor the requested graphed values, see included 'plots'")


Exercise 4

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

array = np.loadtxt('01_points.txt') #Loads the file and places it into 'array'

x_values = array[:, 0]
y_values = array[:, 1] #These two lines split the x and y values into two new arrays

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8)) #Creates the plot with uniform x and y to ensure equal scaling

plt.scatter(x_values, y_values, color='red', s=100, label='Points', zorder=1)


#Plots the points

plt.plot(x_values, y_values, color='blue', linewidth=2, label='Line', zorder=2)


#Plots the line over the points as requested

plt.axis('equal') #Ensures axes are equal as requested

plt.grid(True)
plt.xlabel('X-axis')
plt.ylabel('Y-axis')
plt.title('Points and Connecting Line')
plt.legend()
#The above adds a grid for clarity, labels, and a legend
plt.show()

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