Question 1: Which of the following animals has a diaphragm?

 Answer: A. Gazelle
 Connection: The diaphragm is a muscle used for breathing in mammals like gazelles, but
not in birds (eagle), reptiles (crocodile), or amphibians (frog). This ties to vertebrate
physiology and respiratory systems.
 Keywords/Concepts: Diaphragm, mammals, respiration, vertebrate physiology.

Question 2: A farmer discovered that his soil is poor in one of the most important
elements, an agricultural engineer suggested that he plants legumes in the next
season, the missing element is most probably:

 Answer: B. Nitrogen
 Connection: Legumes fix nitrogen in the soil via symbiotic bacteria, addressing nitrogen
deficiency. This connects to plant nutrition and soil fertility.
 Keywords/Concepts: Nitrogen fixation, legumes, soil fertility, symbiotic bacteria.

Question 3: After sperm is produced in testes it is stored in:

 Answer: B. Epididymis
 Connection: The epididymis stores and matures sperm after production in the testes,
linking to male reproductive anatomy.
 Keywords/Concepts: Sperm storage, epididymis, male reproductive system, testes.

Question 4: Stars and galaxies are in the state of:

 Answer: A. Plasma
 Connection: Stars and galaxies consist of plasma, a state of matter with ionized particles,
tying to astrophysics (though this is a biology exam, it may test interdisciplinary
knowledge).
 Keywords/Concepts: Plasma, states of matter, stars, astrophysics.

Question 5: Which of the following organisms doesn’t have any way to move
except by gliding?

 Answer: B. Plasmodium
 Connection: Plasmodium (malaria parasite) glides via actin-myosin interactions, lacking
other locomotion methods, unlike amoeba or paramecium. This links to microbial
motility.
 Keywords/Concepts: Gliding motility, Plasmodium, locomotion, malaria parasite.

Question 6: After undergoing blood tests, a person discovered that the levels of
calcium in his blood are high, that increased amount is stored in the tissues of:

 Answer: B. Bones

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  Connection: Bones store excess calcium to regulate blood levels, connecting to skeletal
physiology and homeostasis.
 Keywords/Concepts: Calcium regulation, bones, homeostasis, skeletal system.

Question 7: What is the main reason for constipation?

 Answer: A. Little amount of water in the chime

 Connection: Low water content in the chyme (digested food) leads to hard stools,
causing constipation. This ties to digestive physiology.
 Keywords/Concepts: Constipation, chyme, water absorption, digestion.

Question 8: Male part of a flower?

 Answer: A. Stamen
 Connection: The stamen, consisting of the anther and filament, is the male reproductive
part of a flower, producing pollen. This links to plant reproduction.
 Keywords/Concepts: Flower anatomy, stamen, pollen, plant reproduction.

Question 9: Scientists discovered that they can decrease the height of plants by
varying a certain type of hormone which is:

 Answer: C. Gibberellins
 Connection: Gibberellins promote plant growth; reducing them stunts height. This
connects to plant physiology and hormone regulation.
 Keywords/Concepts: Gibberellins, plant hormones, growth regulation, plant physiology.

Question 10: Which worm takes mosquitoes as hosts?

 Answer: D. Filarial worms

 Connection: Filarial worms (e.g., Wuchereria bancrofti) use mosquitoes as vectors,
linking to parasitology and vector-borne diseases.
 Keywords/Concepts: Filarial worms, vector-borne diseases, mosquitoes, parasitism.

Question 11: Where are red blood cells produced?

 Answer: B. Red marrow

 Connection: Red bone marrow is the site of hematopoiesis, producing red blood cells.
This ties to human physiology and the circulatory system.
 Keywords/Concepts: Hematopoiesis, red marrow, red blood cells, circulatory system.

Question 12: The function of mantle in mollusks:

 Answer: C. Respiration and support

 Connection: The mantle in mollusks supports respiration (via gills or lungs) and
provides structural support, linking to mollusk anatomy.

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  Keywords/Concepts: Mollusk anatomy, mantle, respiration, support.

Question 13: Which of the following is a monotreme?

 Answer: A. Duck-billed platypus

 Connection: Monotremes are egg-laying mammals (e.g., duck-billed platypus), a unique
trait in vertebrate evolution.
 Keywords/Concepts: Monotremes, egg-laying mammals, platypus, vertebrate
classification.

Question 14: Which blood type doesn’t have an antigen?

 Answer: A. O
 Connection: Blood type O lacks A and B antigens, making it a universal donor. This
connects to immunology and blood transfusion.
 Keywords/Concepts: Blood types, antigens, universal donor, ABO system.

Question 15: A crow breaks an egg to feed, this behavior is considered:

 Answer: A. Foraging
 Connection: Foraging involves searching for and exploiting food resources, a key
concept in animal behavior and ecology.
 Keywords/Concepts: Foraging, animal behavior, ecology, survival.

Question 16: Feeding of sponges:

 Answer: A. Filter feeders

 Connection: Sponges filter water to capture food particles, linking to their feeding
mechanism and aquatic ecology.
 Keywords/Concepts: Filter feeding, sponges, aquatic ecology, suspension feeding.

Question 17: Biologic indicator to determine the amount of pollution in an area:

 Answer: A. Lichens
 Connection: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution, serving as bioindicators. This ties to
environmental biology.
 Keywords/Concepts: Bioindicators, lichens, pollution, environmental monitoring.

Question 18: What is the relationship demonstrated here? [Secretes Hormone →

Increase in substance → Decrease in substance → Secretes Hormone]

 Answer: B. Negative Feedback

 Connection: Negative feedback loops maintain homeostasis by counteracting changes, a
core concept in physiology.

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  Keywords/Concepts: Negative feedback, homeostasis, hormone regulation, feedback
loops.

Question 19: If the sequence of nitrogenous bases in a DNA strand is

5’CTGAAATTCA 3’, what is the sequence that completes this piece?

 Answer: A. 3’GACTTAAGAT 5’
 Connection: DNA strands are complementary (A-T, C-G), following base-pairing rules.
This links to molecular biology.
 Keywords/Concepts: DNA structure, base pairing, complementary strands, molecular
biology.

Question 20: Which of the following cells according to their sizes can obtain food
more easily?

 Answer: A. 1µm³
 Connection: Smaller cells have a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio, aiding nutrient
uptake via diffusion. This ties to cell biology.
 Keywords/Concepts: Surface-area-to-volume ratio, cell size, diffusion, nutrient uptake.

Question 21: A fossil of an unknown organism was found, it had tube feet, it
should be classified as:

 Answer: C. Echinoderm
 Connection: Tube feet are characteristic of echinoderms (e.g., starfish), linking to
invertebrate classification and fossil evidence.
 Keywords/Concepts: Echinoderms, tube feet, classification, fossils.

Question 22: A stage in insects when it is inside a pupa and does not feed:

 Answer: A. Pupa
 Connection: The pupa stage is a non-feeding phase during insect metamorphosis,
connecting to insect life cycles.
 Keywords/Concepts: Metamorphosis, pupa, insect life cycle, holometabolism.

Question 23: How many chromosomes are in a cell that undergoes prophase I of
meiosis if it had 12 chromosomes during interphase?

 Answer: D. 12
 Connection: During prophase I of meiosis, the chromosome number remains the same as
in interphase (12), though homologous chromosomes pair up. This links to meiosis.
 Keywords/Concepts: Meiosis, prophase I, chromosome number, homologous
chromosomes.

Question 24: Giardia lamblia is considered:

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  Answer: C. Eukaryote
 Connection: Giardia lamblia is a eukaryotic protozoan, linking to microbial
classification.
 Keywords/Concepts: Eukaryotes, Giardia, protozoa, cell structure.

Question 25: If you walk barefoot on contaminated soil, which worm is likely to
infect you:

 Answer: C. Hookworm
 Connection: Hookworms penetrate skin from contaminated soil, connecting to parasitic
infections.
 Keywords/Concepts: Hookworm, parasitic infection, soil contamination, zoonosis.

Question 26: How do ants move in specified lines?

 Answer: B. Following pheromones

 Connection: Ants use pheromone trails for navigation, linking to animal behavior and
chemical signaling.
 Keywords/Concepts: Pheromones, ant behavior, chemical communication, navigation.

Question 27: Liverworts are classified as one of the simplest plants because it
lacks:

 Answer: A. DNA sequencing

 Connection: This seems to be a typo (likely meant "vascular tissue"). Liverworts lack
vascular tissue, making them simple plants (bryophytes). This ties to plant evolution.
 Keywords/Concepts: Liverworts, bryophytes, vascular tissue, plant evolution.

Question 28: What does nucleosome consist of?

 Answer: C. DNA connected by histone

 Connection: Nucleosomes are DNA wrapped around histone proteins, the basic unit of
chromatin, linking to molecular biology.
 Keywords/Concepts: Nucleosome, chromatin, histone, DNA packaging.

Question 29: When contraceptive pills (birth control pills) are consumed they
lead to:

 Answer: C. Increase in Progesterone

 Connection: Birth control pills increase progesterone levels to prevent ovulation, tying to
reproductive physiology and hormonal regulation.
 Keywords/Concepts: Progesterone, birth control, hormonal regulation, ovulation.

Question 30: The nervous system that controlled by hypothalamus in the brain
is:

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  Answer: D. Autonomic
 Connection: The hypothalamus regulates the autonomic nervous system, controlling
involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion. This links to neurophysiology.
 Keywords/Concepts: Hypothalamus, autonomic nervous system, involuntary functions,
neurophysiology.

Question 31: The tissue that supports plants at the beginning of growth?

 Answer: A. Collenchyma
 Connection: Collenchyma provides flexible support to young plant tissues during
growth, tying to plant anatomy.
 Keywords/Concepts: Collenchyma, plant support, plant anatomy, growth.

Question 32: Penicillin is extracted from:

 Answer: C. Fungi
 Connection: Penicillin is derived from the fungus Penicillium, linking to microbiology
and antibiotic production.
 Keywords/Concepts: Penicillin, fungi, antibiotics, Penicillium.

Question 33: When does a pregnant mother feel the movement of the embryo?

 Answer: B. Second trimester

 Connection: Fetal movement (quickening) is typically felt in the second trimester
(around 16-25 weeks), tying to human development.
 Keywords/Concepts: Fetal movement, second trimester, human development,
quickening.

Question 34: The cell wall of prokaryotic eubacteria contains:

 Answer: A. Peptidoglycan
 Connection: Peptidoglycan is a key component of bacterial cell walls, distinguishing
prokaryotes from eukaryotes. This links to microbiology.
 Keywords/Concepts: Peptidoglycan, bacterial cell wall, prokaryotes, microbiology.

Question 35: If an animal is exposed to high temperature for a long time that
exceeds its limit in a foreign environment, the animal works on:

 Answer: (Incomplete options, likely thermoregulation or adaptation)

 Connection: Animals adapt to high temperatures via thermoregulation (e.g., sweating,
panting) or behavioral changes, tying to animal physiology and adaptation.
 Keywords/Concepts: Thermoregulation, adaptation, animal physiology, homeostasis.

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Exam Connections and Tips for SAAT/Tahsili

1. Reproductive Biology (Q3, Q29, Q33):

o Focus on reproductive anatomy (e.g., epididymis in males, progesterone in birth
control) and developmental stages (e.g., fetal movement in the second trimester).
These topics often overlap in exams testing human physiology and endocrinology.
2. Plant Biology (Q2, Q8, Q9, Q27, Q31, Q32):
o Understand plant anatomy (stamen, collenchyma), physiology (gibberellins,
nitrogen fixation by legumes), and evolution (liverworts as simple plants).
Penicillin from fungi connects microbiology to plant-related applications. These
are common in questions on plant growth and reproduction.
3. Microbiology and Parasitology (Q5, Q10, Q24, Q25, Q32, Q34):
o Know microbial classification (e.g., Giardia as a eukaryote, Plasmodium gliding,
bacterial cell walls with peptidoglycan) and parasitic life cycles (filarial worms,
hookworms). These are key for questions on infectious diseases and microbial
structure.
4. Cell and Molecular Biology (Q19, Q20, Q23, Q28, Q34):
o Master DNA structure (complementary base pairing), cell division (meiosis
chromosome numbers), and chromatin packaging (nucleosomes). Cell size and
nutrient uptake (surface-area-to-volume ratio) are also critical. These are
fundamental for genetics and cell biology questions.
5. Animal Physiology and Behavior (Q1, Q6, Q11, Q14, Q15, Q18, Q26, Q30, Q35):
o Focus on physiological processes like hematopoiesis (red marrow), calcium
storage (bones), and homeostasis (negative feedback, thermoregulation).
Behavioral concepts like foraging (crows) and pheromone use (ants) are also
important. These are often tested in physiology and ecology sections.
6. Ecology and Environmental Biology (Q16, Q17, Q21, Q25):
o Understand ecological roles (filter feeding in sponges, lichens as bioindicators)
and environmental interactions (hookworm infections, echinoderm classification).
These topics are common in questions on ecosystems and environmental science.
7. Evolutionary Biology and Classification (Q13, Q21, Q22, Q24, Q27):
o Learn key evolutionary traits (monotremes, echinoderm tube feet, insect
metamorphosis) and classifications (eukaryotes like Giardia, simple plants like
liverworts). These are essential for taxonomy and evolutionary biology questions.

Study Tips for SAAT/Tahsili:

 Memorize Key Terms: Use the keywords/concepts (e.g., nucleosome, peptidoglycan,

negative feedback) to build a glossary for quick recall.
 Understand Processes: Focus on processes like meiosis (Q23), DNA pairing (Q19), and
hormone regulation (Q18, Q29) with diagrams or flowcharts.
 Link Topics: Connect related concepts (e.g., Q10 and Q25 both involve parasitic worms;
Q8 and Q9 both involve plant reproduction/growth).

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  Practice Application: Solve similar multiple-choice questions to apply concepts like
bioindicators (Q17) or surface-area-to-volume ratio (Q20).
 Focus on Diagrams: For feedback loops (Q18), flower anatomy (Q8), or DNA strands
(Q19), visualize with sketches to reinforce understanding.

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