Computing encompasses any goal-oriented activity that involves algorithmic processes, including hardware and software design, information management, and intelligent system behavior. The document outlines various sub-disciplines of computing such as Software Engineering, Computer Science, and Information Technology, highlighting their roles and historical context. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding computing for users and professionals in the field.
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Computing (PP)
Computing encompasses any goal-oriented activity that involves algorithmic processes, including hardware and software design, information management, and intelligent system behavior. The document outlines various sub-disciplines of computing such as Software Engineering, Computer Science, and Information Technology, highlighting their roles and historical context. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding computing for users and professionals in the field.
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ComputingComputing:
* Computing is any Problem-oriented activity requiring, benefiting
from, or creating algorithmic processes - e.g. through computers.
*"In a general way, we can define computing to mean any goal-
oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computers.* Thus, computing includes
* designing and building hardware and software
* processing, structuring, and managing various kinds of information
* doing scientific studies using computers
+ making computer systems behave intelligently
* creating and using communications and
* entertainment media
* finding and gathering information relevant to any particular purpose, and so
on.
* The list is virtually endless, and the possibilities are vast.”
* All facts are related to SE directly or indirectly.History of computing:
* Before Numbers.
* 2400BC AbacusComputer:
* A Machine
* Types of Codes(source and executable)Computer software:
* Set of instructions...
* Direct mode (commands)
* Indirect mode(statements)
* Only instructions?Application & System software:
* Application for any specific task
* Bundled with machine
* Is it necessary?
* Power of computing(so role of SE)
* System softwareComputer Network:
* Components
* Classification criteria
* Why study in SE, EE, CS and IT?Computer User:
* Auser is an agent, either a human agent (end-user) or software agent,
who uses a computer or network service.
* Computer User can be a:
* End User
Why important for SE?
* Computer Programmer
Expert in any language
a generalist also...Sub-disciplines of computing
System Administrator:
* Head of computer system department.
* Different responsibilities from designing to implementation
* Programmers
* Supervisors
* Technical staff etc
* Provide training and maintain computer department.Computer Programming in SE
* Steps of programming for SE
* Customer’s behaviour
* Maximum utilization of Machine
* Must know CS and application domainsThreat:
* A programmer
* Technical programmer
* Open source programmer
* Professional
* Individual who can create “Killer applications”.Five sub-disciplines of the computing field:
* Computer Science,
* Computer Engineering,
* Information Systems,
* Information Technology, and
* Software Engineering.Sub-disciplines of computing
Software Engineering (SE):
* Problem identification to implementation and maintenance.
* The first reference to the term is the 1968 NATO Software Engineering
Conference regarding the "software crisis".
* Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK) that is an
internationally accepting standard.Sub-disciplines of computing
Computer Engineering:
* Use in EE
* Engineering based institutions
* Domain of problem and its application
* Expert from chip to super computer designing ...
* Not only focus on design, also integrate it into large picture.Sub-disciplines of computing
Computer Science (CS):
* Scientific and practical approach to computation and its applications.
* Specializes in the theory of computation and the design of
computational systems.
* focus on the programming language theory, computer
programming and complex systems, human-computer interaction etc.Software Engineering vs. Computer Science
COMPUTER
SCIENCE CUSTOMER
y \ feanputed (a mT :
( it (Problem,
Vie) ‘Fun ctl ons) ‘ ; y
| SOFTWARE
ENGINEERINSub-disciplines of computing
Information System (IS):
* How information is organized?
* How produce?
* How collect?
* How maintain and distribute?
* Various business models.
* Deals with algorithms and CS
*CBIS
* ES, MIS, DSS, Als etcSub-disciplines of computing
Information Technology (IT):
* Store, retrieve and transmit data/information
* Alternative word of computer and computer network