Chronology of Indian national movement [Nationalism in India]
1905 Partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon.
1906 Formation of Muslim league- by Salimullah Khan ,Aga Khan, Mohammad Ali Jinnah at Dhaka.
1907 Surat split [Split within Congress ,radicals were removed].
1909 Hind Swaraj [ Gandhi ji ]
• Morley Minto reforms: Separate electorate for Muslims.
1912
• Delhi established as a capital of India.
1913
• Gandhiji organised Satyagraha in South Africa against racist law which denied rights to non-whites.
Satyagraha march was organised from Newcastle- Transvaal.
1915
• Advent of Gandhi ji in India.
1916
• Formation of Sabarmati Ashram,
• Home Rule League- Annie Bassant & Bal Gangadhar Tilak .
1917
• Champaran Satyagraha: Against oppressive indigo plantation.
• Kheda Satyagraha: organised by peasants against high revenue and exemption of Tax at the time of
crop failure.
1918
• Ahmedabad Satyagraha -cotton mill strike Demand for better wages, fixed working hours and
favourable working conditions.
1919
• Formation of Khilafat Committee Bombay March 1919.
• Rowlatt act passed by imperial Legislative Council.
• Rowlatt Satyagraha nationwide Hartal started on 6th April.
• 10th April police in Amritsar fired upon peaceful procession.
• Jallianwala Bagh Incident on 13 April.
1920
• June 1920 ,Oudh kisan-Sabha organised by Jawaharlal Nehru and Baba Ramchandra.
• Calcutta session of Congress September 1920- Non co-operation movement in support of Khilafat
as well as Swaraj.
• Nagpur session INC [December 1920] Non co-operation programme was adopted.
• Militant guerrilla Tribal movement Gudem Hills Andhra Pradesh led by Alluri Sitaram Raju.
• Formation of Indian industrial and commercial Congress.
1921
• Non co-operation-khilafat movement begin- Jan-1921.
• Police in United Province, fired at peasants-Rae Bareli.
• Houses of Talukdars and merchants were attacked, bazaars looted.
• Gandhiji designed Swaraj flag- Tricolour and spinning wheel in the centre.
1922
• Chauri-Chora incident [Gorakhpur]: Peaceful demonstration in Bazaar turned into a violent clash
between locals and police.
• February Gandhi ji decided to withdraw the non co-operation movement.
1923
• Formation of Swaraj party by C.R Das and Motilal Nehru to argue for a return to council politics.
1924:
• Alluri Sitaram Raju -Arrested and executed.
1927
• Simon commission appointed- 26th November 1927 by Tory government in Britain.
• Formation of FICCI [Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and industry] in 1927 by
Purushottam Das ,Thakur Das, G.D Birla.
1928
• Arrival of Simon Commission [3rd Feb 1928]- To look into the functioning of constitutional system in
India and suggest changes.
• In all party conference M.R Jayakar of Hindu Mahasabha opposed separate electorate demand of
Muslim league.
• Formation of HSRA- Hindustan Socialist Republican Army at Ferozeshah Kotla ground-Delhi by
Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das, Ajay Ghosh.
• HSRA Targeted some of the symbols in British power.
1929
• 8 April 1929 Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb in legislative assembly Delhi.
• October lord Irwin announced vague offer of dominion status.
• December 1929 Congress formalised demand of Purna Swaraj & 26 January 1930 would be
celebrated as Independence Day.
1930
• 31st January 1930 Gandhiji sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin stating 11 demands.
• Demand must be fulfilled by 11 March.
• Gandhiji started Dandi March on 12th March with his 78 trusted volunteers.
• 240 miles, 10 miles a day, On 6th April Gandhiji broke salt law by boiling sea water, this marked the
beginning of famous Civil disobedience movement.
• Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan arrested in April 1930 demonstrations in the states of Peshawar strikes by
railway workers.
• Formation of Depressed classes association by B.R Ambedkar 23rd July 1930 [Bombay].
• November 1St round table conference.
• Mohammad Iqbal President of Muslim League reiterated importance of separate electorates for
Muslims.
1931
• Civil disobedience movement called off.
• Gandhi-Irwin Pact- 5 March 1931. Gandhiji consented to participate in 2nd round table conference.
• Second round table conference- B.R Ambedkar demanded separate electorates for Dalits.
• Clash between Gandhiji and Ambedkar.
1932
• Poona pact between Gandhi and Ambedkar- Reserved seats were given to Dalits in provincial and
central legislative councils but must be voted by General Electorates.
• Gandhiji re-launched Civil disobedience movement.
1934
• Civil disobedience movement lost its momentum.
1942
• Quit India movement started.
• Congress Working Committee meeting held on 14th July 1942 and passed Quit India resolution.
• 8 August 1914 Bombay ,All India Congress Committee endorsed resolution.
• Gandhiji gave his famous speech “Do or Die”.
• Prominent leaders of Quit India movement-
o Jaiprakash Narayan,
o Aruna Asaf Ali
o Ram Manohar Lohia
o Matangini Hazra- Bengal
o Kanaklata Barua-Assam
o Rama devi- Odisha
Some important Key words
Forced recruitment-
• A process by which the colonial state forced people to join the army.
Boycott-
• The refusion to deal and associate with people or participate in activities or buy and use things
usually a form of protest.
By Akshay sir
