Scribd
Upload
3 views1 page

02_Image and its properties Part2

The document discusses image properties in medical imaging, highlighting that images can be 3D or even 4D, with pixel values typically represented as integers for storage efficiency. It explains bit-depth, which determines the pixel value range of an image format, with common formats like JPEG and PNG using 8 bits, while medical images often require higher bit-depths for greater accuracy. For instance, a 16-bit image can represent a range of 65536 values, accommodating both positive and negative pixel values.

Uploaded by

Choky Aconk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views1 page

02_Image and its properties Part2

The document discusses image properties in medical imaging, highlighting that images can be 3D or even 4D, with pixel values typically represented as integers for storage efficiency. It explains bit-depth, which determines the pixel value range of an image format, with common formats like JPEG and PNG using 8 bits, while medical images often require higher bit-depths for greater accuracy. For instance, a 16-bit image can represent a range of 65536 values, accommodating both positive and negative pixel values.

Uploaded by

Choky Aconk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

38 Image Processing and Acquisition using Python

3.2 Image and Its Properties


In the field of medical imaging, the images may span all spatial
dimensions (x-, y- and x-axis) and also the time dimension. Hence it
is common to find images in 3D, and in some cases such as cardiac
CT, images in 4D. In the case of optical microscopy, the images of
the same specimen may be acquired at various emission and excitation
wavelengths. Such images will span multiple channels and may have
more than 4 dimensions. We begin the discussion by clarifying some of
the mathematical terms that are used in this book.
For simplicity, let us assume the images that will be discussed in
this book are 3D volumes. A 3D volume (I) can be represented math-
ematically as
α = I −→ R and I ⊂ R

Thus, every pixel in the image has a real number as its value. How-
ever, in reality as it is easier to store integers than to store floats; most
images have integers for pixel values.

3.2.1 Bit-Depth

The pixel range of a given image format is determined by its bit-


depth. The range is [0, 2bitdepth − 1]. For example, an 8-bit image will
have a range of [0, 28 − 1] = [0, 255]. An image with higher bit-depth
needs more storage in disk and memory. Most of the common photo-
graphic formats such as JPEG, PNG, etc. use 8 bits for storage and
only have positive values.
Medical and microscope images use a higher bit-depth, as scientific
applications demand higher accuracy. A 16-bit medical image will have
values in the range [0, 65535] for a total number 65536 (= 216 ) values.
For a 16-bit image that has both positive and negative pixel values, the
range is [−32768, +32767]. The total number of values in this case is

You might also like