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TEST CODE 01253010
FORM TP 2014081 MAY/JUNE 2014
CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE®
EXAMINATION
HUMAN AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY

Paper 01 - General Proficiency

1 hour 15 minutes

(13 JUNE 2014 (a.m.))

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1. This test consists of 60 items. You will have 1 hour and 15 minutes to answer them.
2. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet.
3. Do not be concerned that the answer sheet provides spaces for more answers than there are
items in this test.
4. Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item
you are about to answer and decide which choice is best.
5. On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space
having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below.
Sample Item
Abnormally high blood pressure is called
Sample Answer
(A) distension
(B)
(C)
hypotension
hypertension
®®e®
(D) hyperglycaemia
The best answer to this item is "hypertension", so answer space (C) has been shaded.

6. If you want to change your answer, erase it completely before you fill in your new choice.
7. When you are told to begin, tum the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can.
If you cannot answer an item, go on to the next one. You may return to this item later. Your
score will be the total number of correct answers.

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8. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

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---- DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

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Copyright© 2012 Caribbean Examinations Council
All rights reserved.

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Item 1 refers to the following aquatic food Item 4 refers to the following diagrams
which show a red blood cell before and
chain.
after being placed in a concentrated salt
Phytqplankton ~ zooplankto:q,~ small fish _ -· _solution for one hour.
~large fish

1. What is the status of the small fish?

(A) Producer
(B) Primary consumer
(C) Secondary consumer
(D) Tertiary consumer After one hour
Before
T n
Item 2 refers to the following drawing of a
fungus. ·< 4. The change in the red blood cell shown in
II occurs because water

(A) enters the cell by osmosis

~--------------1 (B) leaves the cell by osmosis
(C) leaves the cell by diffusion
~--------------ll enters the cell by diffusion
(D)

,---------'-Ill
5. Which of the following is a good source of
vitamin A?
IV
(A) Milk
(B) Orange
(C) Kidney
The structures responsible for digesting food (D) Fish liver oil
2.
are

I and II only 6. The formula for determining Body Mass

(A)
(B) I and III only Index (BMI) is
(C) II and III only
(D) III and IV only Weight(kg)
(A)
Height(m)

3. The ability of a living organism to detect Weighe (kg)

and respond to changes in its environment is (B)
Height(m)
referred to as

(A) excretion Weight(kg)

nutrition
(C)
(B) Heighe (m)
(C) movement
(D) irritability
Weight 2 (kg)
(D)
Heighe (m)

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

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7. One function of dietary fibre is to Item 10 refers to the following diagram of

a tooth.
(A) make the food we eat less bulky
(B) provide increased ·cellulose to the
body
~---1
(C) decrease the rate at which food
moves through the alimentary
canal r--->r--- II
(D) increase the rate at which food
moves through the alimentary
:--+--Ill
canal

Items 8-9 refer to the following food groups

in a person's diet. IV
gum

Staples root

ro. Which of the parts labelled I, II, ill and I\-

helps to hold the tooth in its socket?

(A) I
(B) II
j (C) III
(D) IV
8. What percentage of this diet consists of
staples?

1
(A)
5
1
(B)
2
(C) 50
(D) 180

9. Oats would be found in the food group

labelled

(A) fruits
(B) staples
(C) legumes
(D) vegetables •

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Item 11 refers to the following diagram of part of the human digestive system.

1 2
liver pancreas

~3

11. Which sequence correctlymatches the numbered structures to their functions?

Secretes Gastric Produces Bile Absorbs Soluble

~

Juice End-products
(A) 1 2 3
(B) 1 3 2
(C) 2 1 3 '"
(D) 2 3 1

12. Which of the following MUST be done to 13. The number of ' milk ' or deciduous teeth
ensure that food preparation is hygienic? that make up a full set in an infant is

I. Sanitize all cooking utensils (A) 16

II. Wash hands only when dirty (B) 20
III. Refrigerate all meats not in use (C) 28
N. Avoid overhandling food (D) 32

(A) I and III only

(B) I, II and III only
(C) I, III and N only
(D) II, III and IV only

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14. The process of egestion is defined as the Item 17 refers to the following equation.
removal of
Energy produced
(A) toxic waste ADP+ P ATP
(B) metabolic waste
(C) non-toxic waste Energy required by the body
(D) undigest~d waste

17. Which ofthe following occurs when energy

is required by the body?
15. Which of the following is NOT a
characteristic ofgaseous exchange surfaces? (A) ATP attaches to a phosphate
group.
(A) Moist tB) ADP releases a phosphate group.
(B) Small surface area / (C) ATP is broken down to ADP and a
(C) Thin-walled phosphate group.
(D) Well supplied with gases (D) ADP is broken down to ATP and a
phosphate group.

''Item 16 refers to the following diagram of

the human respiratory system. 18. Which of the following substances found in
cigarette smoke is addictive?

(A) Tar
(B) Nicotine
~ I
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Carbon monoxide

19. -Which of the following BEST describes the

~~:..~_\\'N: II function of the pacemaker of the heart?

~~~1t'tJ\ III (A) Increases the heart rate

(B) Decreases the heart rate
(C) Regulates the heart rate
(D) Prevents the heart from over-
working

IV
20. Which of the following substances are
transported by the blood in a human body?
16. Gaseous exchange takes place at
I. Carbon dioxide
(A) I II. Hormones
(B) II III. Mineral salts
(C) III
(D) IV (A) I and II only
(B) I and III only
(C) II and III only
(D) I, II and III
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21. Coronary thrombosis occurs when Item 23 refers to the following diagram
showing the location of the main lymph
(A) the valves in the heart stop working glands of the lymphatic system.
(B) , the coronary vein becomesblocked
with a blood clot
(C) a coronary artery becomes blocked
with a blood clot
(D) there is too much blood flowing
through the heart

Item 22 refers to the following diagram of

a vertical section through a human heart.
-11-----.,..--- 2
1----ir
••
3
••
Right ---+.:..+-
ventricle ._· . 4 ~-

22. Which of the following paths is taken by ..-

blood leaving the right ventricle?

(A) 1~ 3~ 4 ~ 2
(B) 2~ 1~ 4 ~ 3
(C) 2~ 4~ 3 ~ 1 23. The' position of the main lymph glands
(D) 4~ 3~ 1~ 2 BEST facilitates the

(A) transport offats from villi to blood

(B) removal of foreign material from
tissue fluid
(C) draining of lymph from the major
body parts
(D) transport of tissue fluid back into
the blood stream
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24. The function of the marrow in long bones is 26. Bones act as levers while cartilage assists
to with

(A) store iron (A) connecting muscles to bone

.. (B) reduce friction (B) reducing friction at the joints
(C) make blood plasma (C) holding joints together
(D) make red blood cells (D) movement at a joint

Item 25 refers to the following diagram 27. Which group of muscles is responsible for
showing the attachment of biceps and the flexion of the upper arm?
triceps in the upper arm.
, (A) Biceps .
(B) Triceps
Tendons X (C) Gluteal
(D) Hamstrings

Items 28-29 refer to the following simplified

diagram of a kidney tubule.

fiP lCJ4a D

~( iW/11 ===-Tendons Y A

Insertion means the tendon is attached to i

the bone which shows the most movement.

Origin means the tendon is attached to the

bone which shows the least movement.

25. Which of the following correctly classifies

Tendons X andY?
X y
(A) Insertion Origin
(B) Origin Origin In answering items 28-29, each labelled
(C) Insertion Insertion part may be used once, more than once or
(D) Origin Insertion not at all.

Which labelled part

28. collects filtrate from the glomerulus?

29. brings blood to the glomerulus?

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30. Which of the following occ.urs when a Item 32 refers t o the following diagram of
marathon runner consumes too little water? a human eye.

(A) Less ADH secreted, increases urine

concentration.
(B) More ADH secreted, increases re-
absorption of water. X 1
(C) More ADH secreted, decreases re-
absorption of water..
(D) LessADH secreted, decreases urine
concentration.

Item 31 refers to the following diagram

showing a section thro\lgh human.skin.

--~ttr=--- 32. The part labelled X is the

(A) iris
(B) cornea
(C) ciliary muscle
(D) circular muscle

33. When blood glucose levels fall too low in

a healthy human, the pancreas

Blood7
=:::::.ft.:====== (A) secretes insulin which makes the
cell membranes permeable to
glucose
capillary (B) produces glucagon which converts
glycogen to glucose
31. The structures shown are involved in which (C) secretes glycogen which causes the
of the following processes? release of glucose
(D) converts glycerol and other fatty
(A) Excretion acids to glucose
(B) Irritability
(C) Vasodilation
(D) Osmoregulation

r ! f \ rlli.T 'T'rl 'T'Ul=< li.Tl=<YT Pd nP

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Item 34 refers to the following diagram Item 35 refers to the information . in the
which shows a section through a human following table.
brain.
Actions Voluntary Involuntary
Blinking when
an object is
No Yes
----+---w approaching the
eye

Swallowing No Yes

Jogging
Yes No

Sending an
Yes No
e-mail
L_ ______
· - - · -- ---- - ---

35. Which of the following conclusions can

be drawn from the table, about voluntary
and involuntary actions? .
34. The part of the brain labelled W is
responsible for which of the following (A) Involuntary actions are well thought
processes? out.
(B) Voluntary actions are automatic.
I. Learning and memory (C) Voluntary actions ensure survival
II. Balance and muscular coordination (D) Involuntary actions are automati~ .
III. Sight and hearing

(A) I and II only 36. Which of the following is true about the
(B) I and III only motor neurone?
(C) II and III only
(D) I, II and III . (A) It consists of many neurones.
(B) It transmits the stimulus from the
sense organ to the central nervous
system.
(C) It carries instructions from the
central nervous system to the
effector organ.
(D) It sends the stimulus from the
central nervous system to the
sense organ.
 - 10-

Item 37 refers to the followinginformation. 40. Sexual reproduction is BEST defined as..,_=

Semen contains sperm cells in seminal (A) fusion of gametes

fluid. (B) fission of gametes
(C) fusion of zygotes
The following steps are involved ~n semen (D) production of offspring by mitosis
formation.

I. Passage of sperm along the sperm 41. Chromosomes aremade up of protein and
duct
II. Secretions from semjnal vesicles (A) DNA
III. Meiosis in the testes (B) RNA
IV. Secretions from pros~ate gland (C) starch
(D) fat

37. Which of the following shows the correct

sequence for semen formation? 42. During asexual reproduction, an organism
produces new organisms that are identical~
(A) I
-- -- --
II III IV the parent by the process of

- - -
(B) I III II IV
(A) meiosis
(C)
(D)
II
III
- - - III
I
IV
II
I
IV
(B)
(C)
(D)
mitosis
pathogenesis
reduction division

38. Implantation occurs when the fertilized

ovum 43. A tall man (TT) and a short woman (tt)
have two children. Which of the following
(A) reaches the uterus options indicates the phenotype of the
(B) is in the oviduct children?
(C) reaches the cervix
(D) becomes embedded in the uterus (A) Both tall
wall (B) Both Tt
(C) One TT and one tt
(D) One tall and one short
39. Which of the following contraceptive
methods is associated with side effects such
as nausea, breast discomfort and circulatory
problems?

(A) IUD
(B) Pill
(C) Diaphragm
(D) Female condom

...-..,...... ,....,-,. T I"T"'\,-.,. I"T"''TTT""' 'TT""'""'(Tr'T"l T"'t. .l ,-,~

 - 11 -

Item 44 refers to the following illustration of genetic engineering that is used to produce a useful
protein.

7 nNAisextracted
and placed into
>a~
~
1

Plant produces
bacteria ~
tiny amounts of
a useful protein

Protein is
extracted <
l
Bacteria
multiply
in large in large numbers
amounts

44. What is a possible DISADVANTAGE of producing useful proteins inthis way?

(A) Production of protein is inexpensive.

(B) Large amounts of proteins can be made.
(C) Production of protein is very rapid as bacteria multiply.
(D) Use of bacteria in this process can be hazardous to health.

45. Which of the following is an example of a 47. The Anopheles mosquito is known for the
nutritional deficiency disease? spread of

(A) Rickets (A) dengue

(B) Diabetes (B) malaria
(C) Hypertension (C) cholera
(D) Gastroenteritis (D) gastroenteritis

46. Which of the following measures should 48. Infected persons display signs and
an individual adopt to control diabetes? symptoms of infection. Which of the
following signs and symptoms are correctly
I. Increase the carbohydrate intake classified?
II. Adopt an active lifestyle
III. Lose weight Sign Symptom
(A) Headache Shivering
(A) I and II only
(B) I and III only (B) Sore throat Headache i

(C) II and III onl;r (C) Shivering Sore throat I

(D) I, II and III (D) Headache Sore throat I
 - 12-

49. By which of the following methods is Item 51 refers to the following graph.
gonorrhoea transmitted? Rat population

I. Drinking contaminated water Numbers

II. Breathing iQ air droplets
III. Sexual contact
IV. Mosqu~to, bites

(A) II only
(B) III only
(C) I and IV only
Time
(D) I, III and IV only

51. What inference can be drawn from this

Item 50 refers to the following diagram . graph?
' .~ycle of the housefly.
showing the life
(A) Rats suffer from leptospirosis.
(A) (B) Leptospirosis is always on the

~Adult~
increase.
(C) Humans might cause leptospirosis
in rats.
(D) Rats might cause leptospirosis ·
humans.

~~p~Lanae)W~) Item 52 refers to the following diagram.

(C)

50. Which stage is prevented by keeping

household refuse properly covered?
'I

52. What kind of immunity is illustrated by

the activity above?

(A) Naturally acquired passive

(B) Artificially acquired passive
(C) Naturally acquired active
(D) Artificially acquired active

,-..." r"'\.'-T I"'T1~ 'T'TTr:' 1\..T"'C'Vrr nA r!""C'

 - 13-

53. Which ofthe following methods are effective 57. In large-scale water purification, the formation
in controlling pollution? of acid which destroys organisms is achieved
by the process of
I. The cleaning of rivers and streams
II. Recycling of waste material (A) screening
III. The use of nuclear energy sources (B) filtration
(C) chlorirlation
(A) I and II only (D) sedimentation
(B) I and III only
(C) II and III only
(D) I, II and III 58. Which of the following locations is NOT
suitable for the construction of apit latrine?

54. The following groups of chemicals are (A) Clay soil

all pollutants. Which group refers to (B) Sandy soil
'industrial' pollutants? (C) Away from housing
(D) Away from~ater supply
(A) Sewage, lead, oxides of nitrogen
(B) Sulphur dioxide, oxides ofnitrogen,
lead 59. Which ofthe following is NOT a benefit of
(C) Washing detergent, carbon reusing resources?
monoxide, sewage
(D) Carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, (A) It extends resource supplies.
washing detergent (B) It reduces the amount of waste
produced.
55. Which of the following gases does NOT (C) The cost of collection of the
contribute to acid rain? materials to be reused is high.
(D) It creates local jobs related to
(A) Sulphur dioxide collecting and refilling.
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Carbon monoxide
(D) Oxides of nitrogen 60. Which of the following is an example of a
non-biodegradable pollutant?

56. In the water cycle, water enters the atmosphere (A) Paper
by (B) Lead
(C) Sewage
I. respiration from animals (D) Cotton
II. transpiration from plants
III. precipitation from clouds

(A) I and II only

(B) I and III only
(C) II and III only
(D) I, II and III

ENDOFTEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

1'\1 1"\J::'_.,r\'1 A IT'""' ,.....,..,.-1 ,t