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Fuzzy Logic

Fuzzy Logic Systems (FLS) provide definite outputs in response to fuzzy inputs, utilizing many-valued logic to handle partial truths. The architecture of FLS includes components such as rules, fuzzification, inference engine, and defuzzification, which work together to process and interpret data. While FLS offers advantages like flexibility and ease of implementation, it also has limitations, including potential inaccuracies and challenges in rule setting.

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12 views7 pages

Fuzzy Logic

Fuzzy Logic Systems (FLS) provide definite outputs in response to fuzzy inputs, utilizing many-valued logic to handle partial truths. The architecture of FLS includes components such as rules, fuzzification, inference engine, and defuzzification, which work together to process and interpret data. While FLS offers advantages like flexibility and ease of implementation, it also has limitations, including potential inaccuracies and challenges in rule setting.

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dibachaklader123
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Course : Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Chapter : 05

Fuzzy Logic Systems

Instructor: Nosin Ibna Mahbub


Email: [email protected]
Fuzzy Logic Systems (FLS)?

 Fuzzy Logic Systems (FLS) produce acceptable but definite output in response to incomplete, ambiguous, distorted,
or inaccurate (fuzzy) input.

What Is Fuzzy Logic?


 Fuzzy Logic is defined as a many-valued logic form which
may have truth values of variables in any real number
between 0 and 1.

 It is the handle concept of partial truth. In real life, we may


come across a situation where we can’t decide whether the
statement is true or false. At that time, fuzzy logic offers very
valuable flexibility for reasoning.

 Fuzzy logic algorithm helps to solve a problem after


considering all available data. Then it takes the best possible
decision for the given the input.
History of Fuzzy Logic Systems
 Although, the concept of fuzzy logic had been studied since the 1920’s. The term fuzzy logic was first used with 1965 by
Lotfi Zadeh a professor of UC Berkeley in California. He observed that conventional computer logic was not capable of
manipulating data representing subjective or unclear human ideas.

Characteristics of Fuzzy Logic

 Here, are some important characteristics of fuzzy logic:


 Flexible and easy to implement machine learning technique
 Helps you to mimic the logic of human thought
 Logic may have two values which represent two possible solutions
 Highly suitable method for uncertain or approximate reasoning
 Fuzzy logic views inference as a process of propagating elastic constraints
 Fuzzy logic allows you to build nonlinear functions of arbitrary complexity.
 Fuzzy logic should be built with the complete guidance of experts
Fuzzy Logic Architecture

The fuzzy logic architecture consists of four main parts: Rules – It contains all the rules and the if-then
conditions offered by the experts to control the
decision-making system. The recent update in the fuzzy
theory provides different effective methods for the
design and tuning of fuzzy controllers. Usually, these
developments reduce the number of fuzzy rules.

Fuzzification – This step converts inputs or the crisp


numbers into fuzzy sets. You can measure the crisp
inputs by sensors and pass them into the control
system for further processing. It splits the input signal
into five steps such as-
 Inference Engine – It determines the degree of match between fuzzy input and the rules. According to the input
field, it will decide the rules that are to be fired. Combining the fired rules, form the control actions.
 Defuzzification – The Defuzzification process converts the fuzzy sets into a crisp value. There are different types
of techniques available, and you need to select the best-suited one with an expert system.
So, this was about the architecture of fuzzy logic in AI. Now, let’s understand the membership function.

Membership Function
The membership function is a graph that defines how each point in
the input space is mapped to membership value between 0 and 1. It
allows you to quantify linguistic terms and represent a fuzzy set
graphically.
 A membership function for a fuzzy set A on the universe of discourse
X is defined as μA:X → [0,1]
 It quantifies the degree of membership of the element in X to the
fuzzy set A.
 x-axis represents the universe of discourse.
 y-axis represents the degrees of membership in the [0, 1] interval.

There can be multiple membership functions applicable to fuzzify a


numerical value. Simple membership functions are used as the complex
functions do not add precision in the output. The membership
functions for LP, MP, S, MN, and LN are:
Application Areas of Fuzzy Logic
Advantages of Fuzzy Logic System

o The structure of Fuzzy Logic Systems is easy and understandable


o Fuzzy logic is widely used for commercial and practical purposes
o Fuzzy logic in AI helps you to control machines and consumer products
o It may not offer accurate reasoning, but the only acceptable reasoning
o Fuzzy logic in Data Mining helps you to deal with the uncertainty in engineering
o Mostly robust as no precise inputs required
o It can be programmed to in the situation when feedback sensor stops working
o It can easily be modified to improve or alter system performance
o inexpensive sensors can be used which helps you to keep the overall system cost and complexity low
o It provides a most effective solution to complex issues

Disadvantages of Fuzzy Logic System

o Fuzzy logic is not always accurate, so The results are perceived based on assumption, so it may not be widely
accepted.
o Fuzzy systems don’t have the capability of machine learning as-well-as neural network type pattern recognition
o Validation and Verification of a fuzzy knowledge-based system needs extensive testing with hardware
o Setting exact, fuzzy rules and, membership functions is a difficult task
o Some fuzzy time logic is confused with probability theory and the terms

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