ETHIOPIAN ES 6931:2022

STANDARD
First edition
xx-xx-20xxx

Industrial solid waste management -

Requirements

ICS: 13.030.10
Published by Ethiopian Standards Agency
©ESA
ES 6932:2021

Foreword

This Ethiopian Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Committee for Wastes
(TC 85) and published by the Ethiopian Standards Agency (ESA).

In preparation of this Ethiopian standard, reference has been made to the following:

EPA regulation

Acknowledgement is made for the use of the information from the above publication.

© ESA
i
 Industrial solid waste management -Requirements ES 6931:2022

1. Scope
This Standard prescribes principles, classification, Collection, Segregation, treatment, disposal and reutilization
of industrial Solid Waste (ISW).
This standard applies to hazardous and non hazardous wastes generated from industries
The scope of this standard excludes e- wastes, radioactive wastes and medical wastes

2. Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text of this standard.
ES ISO 14001, Environmental management system- requirements with guideline
ES 6822, Effluent Discharge Limit-requirements
ES 6433 Municipal Solid Waste Management– requirements
ES 6434, Compost- requirements

3. Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this standard, definitions of the terms the following shall apply:

3.1.
industrial Solid Waste(ISW)
Solid waste resulting from or incidental to any process of industry or manufacturing, or mining or agricultural
operation, which may include "Hazardous waste" as defined in this section

3.2.
collection
to collect segregated waste separately from storage point at source and transport it unmixed to different
destinations.

3.3.
composting
controlled process involving microbial decomposition of organic matter.

3.4.
disposal
The final and safe disposal of solid waste on land as specified in this standard to prevent contamination of
ground water, surface water, ambient air and attraction of animals or birds.

3.5.
hazardous waste
Any industrial solid waste or combination of industrial solid wastes identified or listed as a hazardous waste by
the national proclamation (procl.1090/2018).

3.6.
transportation
Conveyance of solid waste, either treated, partly treated or untreated from generation point to site of disposal in
an environmentally sound manner through specially designed and covered transport system so as to prevent
mixing of wet waste with other wastes and spreading of foul odour, littering and unsightly conditions;

3.7.
segregation
keep solid waste unmixed and stored separately based on its type and toxicity for transfer of waste to the
appropriate bins of waste collectors.

3.8.
temporary Storage
a container or place where segregated solid waste is stored until transportation or treatment.

©ESA
1
ES 6931:2022

3.9.
disposal facility
A facility at which industrial solid waste is disposed.

3.10.
3R
Reduce, Reuse and Recycle

4. Principles of industrial solid waste management

Implementation of this standard reflects the following underlying principles

4.1. Protecting human health and the environment

The purpose of the standard is to promote sound waste management that protects human health and the
environment. It takes a multi-media approach that emphasizes water, soil and air protection, and presents a
comprehensive framework of technologies and practices that make up an effective industrial solid waste
management system.

4.2. Tailoring management practices to risks

There is enormous diversity in the type and nature of industrial waste and the environmental settings in which
it is managed. The standard provides management recommendations and simple-to-use modeling tools to
tailor management practices to waste- and location-specific risks. It also identifies in-depth analytic tools to
conduct more comprehensive site-specific analyses.

4.3. Affirming federal and regional leadership

Federal and regional governments have primary responsibility for adopting and implementing programs to
ensure proper management of industrial solid wastes. This standard can help federal and regional govern-
ments in carrying out those programs. Regions might have more stringent or extensive regulatory
requirements based on local or regional conditions or policy considerations. The standard complements, but
does not supersede, those regulatory programs; it can help them make decisions on meeting applicable
regulatory requirements and filling potential gaps. Facility managers and the public should consult with the
appropriate regulatory agency throughout the process to understand regulatory requirements and how to use
this standard.

4.4. Fostering partnerships

The public, facility managers, federal and regional governments share a common interest in preserving quality
neighborhoods, protecting the environment and public health, and enhancing the economic well-being of the
community. The standard can provide a common technical framework to facilitate discussion and help
stakeholders work together to achieve meaningful environmental results.

5. Classification of industrial solid waste

5.1. General
Industrial facilities, even within a common industry characteristically generate distinctly different waste-
streams as a result of the differences between production processes. Consequently, the effectiveness of a
particular technology or a group of technologies can be expected to vary and require different wastewater
treatment process and reuse technology.

5.2. Classification of industrial solid waste by industry source

Industrial solid wastes shall be classified as wastes generated from the following
a) Tanning and the production of leather goods;

b) The manufacture of textiles;

c) Extraction of mineral ores, the production of metals and metal products;

d) The processing of food products including beverages, meat and meat products;

©ESA
2
 ES 6931:2022

e) The manufacture of cement and cement products.

f) Preservation of wood and the manufacture of wood products including furniture;

g) The production of pulp, paper and paper products;

h) The manufacture and formulation of chemical products including pesticides.

5.3. Scientific Classification by waste types

Scientifically industrial solid wastes can be classified as
a)Toxic and hazardous wastes
b)non hazardous
5.4. Classification by waste type
Industrial solid wastes can be classified by waste type as specified in table 1
Table 1: classification of industrial solid waste by waste type
Category of Wastes Examples
Coal ash, incineration residue, active charcoal, ash from
1 Cinder
incinerator, and other cinders
Various kinds of muddy substance, such as sludge from
2 Sludge
drainage treatment and construction
Waste styrene foam, waste synthesized fibers, and all
3 Waste plastics other synthesized polymers (solid, liquid) including
synthesized rubber
Waste natural rubber (note: synthesized rubber belong to
4 Waste rubber
waste plastics)
Waste iron, waste aluminum, and other waste metals
5 Waste metal
generated in polishing, cutting, etc.
Waste glass, waste
6 concrete, waste Plate glass, waste fireproof brick, plaster board, waste
ceramics concrete from a process to produce concrete product, etc.
Foundry sand, waste from sand blast, low-quality coal,
7 Slag
various wastes from blast furnace, etc.
Concrete pieces, brick pieces, etc. generated in the
8 Rubble
construction, reconstruction or removal of structure
Dust and soot generated by soot and smoke generation
facility as defined in the Air Pollution Control Law or
9 Dust and soot
collected by dust collection facility in industrial wastes
incineration facility
Waste paper discharged by the following industries:
10 Waste paper Construction (wastes generated in the construction,
reconstruction or removal of structure), pulp production,
paper manufacture, and print processing
Waste wood, sawdust, bark, etc. generated by the
following industries:
11 Waste wood Construction (wastes generated in the construction,
reconstruction or removal of structure), production of wood
or wood products (furniture), pulp production, wholesaling
of imported wood
12 Waste natural fiber discharged by the following
Construction (wastes generated in the construction,
Waste fiber
reconstruction or removal of structure), textile industries
other than production of apparel or other textile products
Solid wastes from animal bodies cut apart in
Solid waste of animal
13 slaughterhouse, etc. or poultry processed in processing
origin
plant, etc.
14 Wastes of animal or Wastes from animal or plant parts used as material in the

©ESA 3
ES 6931:2022

plant origin production of foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals and spices.

These include bony parts of fish or other animals, waste
generated in brewing or fermentation,
Excreta of cattle, horses, sheep, chickens, etc. discharged
15 Animal excreta
by cattle farmers
Carcasses of cattle, horses, sheep, chickens, etc.
16 Animal carcasses
discharged by cattle farmers

6. General requirements
6.1. An industry that generates a solid waste shall make an accurate determination as to whether that waste is a
hazardous waste in order to ensure wastes are properly managed according to applicable regulations.

6.2. Industry hazardous solid waste shall be determined at the point of waste generation

6.3. An industry that generates solid waste shall maintain records supporting its hazardous waste
determinations, including records that identify whether a solid waste is a hazardous waste or not.
6.4. Records shall be maintained for at least three years from the date that the waste was last sent to on-site or
off-site treatment, storage, or disposal.
6.5. Container used to handle hazardous waste shall have no leaks.
6.6. Industries shall collect and dispose of their solid waste at specific disposal sites.
6.7. The collection and disposal system shall be open to the concerned authority.
6.8. Industrial solid waste management shall:
6.8.1.Ensure the protection of public health and environment
6.8.2.Utilize environmentally-sound methods that maximize the utilization of valuable resources and encourage
resources conservation, recovery, reuse and recycle.
6.8.3.Ensure the proper segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste
through the formulation and adoption of the best environmental practices in ecological waste
management.
6.9. Solid waste collection containers shall prevent any release of hazardous substances to the environment
during collection and delivery/deposit at the interim, processing, or disposal location/facility.
6.10. Records related to waste generation, segregation, collection, storage, treatment, 3R, transportation, on-site
and off-site disposal and inspections including chain-of-custody and audits shall be maintained as per site
record retention schedules
6.11. In the waste management plan priorities shall be given on waste reduction, reuse, recycling and
resource recovery.

7. Solid waste management approach

7.1. Prevention- A Waste Minimization Approach
Reduction and recycling of wastes are inevitably site/plant specific. Generally, waste minimization techniques
can be grouped into four major categories which are applicable for hazardous as well as non-hazardous
wastes.

Waste minimization at source shall be achieved within the industry through application of various approaches
described as follows:

7.1.1.Inventory Management and Improved Operations

To reduce wastes, in inventory management the industry should

a) Inventorize and trace all raw materials

b) Purchase fewer toxic and more non-toxic production materials

c) Implement employees’ training and management feedback

4 ©ESA
 ES 6931:2022

d) Improve material receiving, storage, and handling practices.

7.1.2.Modification of Equipment
To reduce wastes in modification of equipments, the industry should

a) Install equipment that produce minimal or no wastes

b) Modify equipments to enhance recovery or recycling options

c) Redesign equipments or production lines to produce less waste

d) Improve operating efficiency of equipment

e) Maintain strict preventive maintenance programme.

7.1.3.Production Process Changes

To reduce wastes, in production process change the industry should

a) Substitute non-hazardous for hazardous raw materials

b) Segregate wastes by type for recovery

c) Eliminate sources of leaks and spills

d) Separate hazardous from non-hazardous wastes

e) Redesign or reformulate for products to be less hazardous

f) Optimize reactions and raw material use.

7.1.4.Recycling and Reuse

To reduce wastes, in inventory management the industry should

a) Install closed-loop systems

b) Recycle wastes for use

c) Exchange wastes with co- industries that consumes as an input.

7.2. Waste Management at Source

Waste minimization can be practiced at various places /steps/ in the industrial processes.

Waste minimization requires careful planning, creative problem solving, changing in attitude, sometimes
capital investment, and most important a real commitment.

7.2.1. Collection of industrial solid Wastes

7.2.1.1. The industry that generates solid waste shall ensure that waste collection is carried out periodically
as necessary to maintain:
a) Effective infrastructure
b) Clean and odour free environment;
c) Hygienic environment; and
7.2.1.2. The industry shall develop industrial solid waste collection procedures that shall be effectively
implemented to ensure:
a) Safe collection of wastes
b) Duration and frequency of collection and disposal
c) Labeling of containers

©ESA 5
ES 6931:2022

d) Temporary storage condition

e) Method of identification for highly contaminated wastes.
f) Recording the type and volume of waste.
g) appropriate equipment for spillage control and clean up

7.2.2. Waste Recording and Reporting

The following minimum information shall be included in the recording of waste in order to provide accurate
and verifiable waste data
a) Address/facility name
b) Pick up date and time
c) Waste type
d) Weight collected(kg) from each process unit separately
e) Data type (actual weights or estimated bin densities)
f) Collection equipment used
g) Processing/disposal facility sent to; and
h) Bins rejected due to contamination

8. Managing industrial solid waste

The process of managing industrial solid waste shall follow the following process
8.1. Industrial solid Waste Segregation at Source
To segregate wastes at source the following shall apply

8.1.1.The industry shall use appropriate equipments for segregation and handling to protect the environment
from pollution and personal safety.

8.1.2.The industry shall segregate key toxic constituents, isolate liquid fraction, and keep hazardous streams
away from non-hazardous wastes

8.1.3.Hazardous wastes shall be managed according to the requirements of proclamation for handling and
management of hazardous wastes (procl.1090/2018).

8.1.4.There shall be a separate container for each type of waste from all sources: Provided, that in the case of
bulky waste, it will suffice that the same be collected and placed in a separate and designated area

8.1.5.The solid waste container depending on its use shall be properly marked or identified for on-site
collection as "compostable", "non-recyclable”, “recyclable" “reusable” or "hazardous waste".

8.1.6.The industry shall segregate any generated industrial waste at a maximum interval of 24 hours.

8.2. Collection, Storage and Transport of industrial solid waste

8.2.1. Collection
8.2.1.1. The industry shall use an appropriate equipments and facility for collection of industrial waste
8.2.1.2. All collectors and other personnel directly dealing with collection of solid waste shall be equipped with
personal protective equipment to protect them from the hazards of handling solid wastes;
8.2.1.3. Necessary training shall be given to the collectors and personnel to ensure that the solid wastes
are handled properly.
8.2.1.4. Collection of solid waste shall be done in a manner which prevents damage to the container, and
spillage or scattering of solid waste within the collection vicinity.
8.2.1.5. The solid waste collection areas and transport routes, the number and type of the collection equipments
to be used, frequency of waste collection and the schedule for collection and transport shall be identified
and communicated to the concerned employees.
8.2.1.6. Collection equipments shall be fully covered and leachate collection box shall also be prepared
to prevent littering and leachate spill during transportation.
8.2.1.7. Any infectious waste or hazardous waste should not be accepted into the normal waste collection
vehicles
8.2.1.8. Daily records of the quantity of solid waste collected, the origin of waste, the quantity of solid waste

6 ©ESA
 ES 6931:2022

transferred to disposal site, shall be maintained.

8.2.1.9. Collection process shall be monitored regularly

8.2.1.10. Hazardous waste shall be recorded and maintained with Category number, Category and Origin of
manufacturing activity

8.2.1.11. Description of hazardous waste like physical form, chemical form and quantity (volume and weight)
shall be recorded

8.2.1.12. Description of daily method of storage of hazardous waste and daily method of treatment of
hazardous waste shall be stated in industrial waste storage procedure

8.2.2. Temporary Storage

During temporary storage of solid waste to the safety of the waste and the surrounding environment the
following measures shall be taken
a) The temporary storage of the solid waste shall be determined and located at appropriate place in
the vicinity of the industry
b) Restricting access to the solid waste storage area
c) Fencing off the solid waste storage area to minimize any wind-blown nuisance,
d) Providing separate covered storage for putrifiable of hazardous wastes,
e) Monitoring the safety of temporary storage containers weekly and taking measures for any problem.
f) Good ventilation system, odour and litter control devices shall be installed
g) The allocated storage area of solid waste shall accommodate at least ten times of the daily peak volume
of solid waste generated.
h) The solid waste stored in temporary storage shall be disposed as fast as possible
8.2.3. Segregation at temporary storage
a) The temporarily stored solid waste shall be segregated before transportation
b) The segregated solid waste shall be packed separately based on its function/destination
c) Each packed solid waste shall be labeled with the type of solid waste like reusable, recyclable,
hazardous, and biodegradable.
8.2.4. Transportation
8.2.4.1. During transportation of industrial solid waste the following measures shall be taken
a)Hazardous waste load shall be Labeled and coded
b)Authorized body shall monitor the transporters to minimize cases of fly-tipping and shall ensure that
industrial wastes are transported safely to the disposal site.
c)Solid waste transportation vehicles shall be fully covered at loading compartment and leachate
collection box shall also be prepared to prevent littering and leachate spill during transportation.
d)The solid waste shall be transported during non peak hours
e)The solid waste shall be transported before the temporary storage exceeds its 30% capacity
f) During accident of solid waste transportation vehicles, the transporter shall report immediately to
the owner industry and nearby regulatory office
8.2.4.2. The use of separate collection schedules and/or separate trucks or haulers shall be required for
specific types of wastes. Otherwise, vehicles used for the collection and transport of solid wastes shall
have the appropriate compartments to facilitate efficient storing of sorted wastes while in transit.
8.2.4.3. Waste transporting vehicles selection shall consider road size, condition and capacity to ensure the
safe and efficient collection and transport of solid wastes.
8.2.4.4. The waste compartment shall have a cover to ensure the containment of solid wastes while in transit.

8.2.5. Transfer station

8.2.5.1. Solid waste transfer stations shall be designed and operated for efficient waste handling capacity.
8.2.5.2. The sitting of the transfer station shall consider the land use plan, proximity to collection area, and
accessibility of haul routes to disposal facility & the design shall give primary consideration to size and
©ESA

7
 space sufficiency in order to accommodate the waste for storage and vehicles for loading and unloading of
wastes.
8.2.5.3. The proposed unloading area in the transfer building shall accommodate at least two times of the
hourly-average number of incoming collection vehicles of the normal weekday.
8.2.5.4. The transfer station shall have odour controlling mechanism, transfer route of transfer vehicles to the
disposal site and the efficient on site traffic control system.
8.2.5.5. The transfer station shall have efficient storm water management system.
8.2.5.6. The transfer station shall allow placement of solid wastes enclosed in their containers.
8.2.5.7. The surface of the transfer station shall be concreted to carry the container load.
8.2.5.8. Daily records of the quantity of solid waste received, the origin of waste, the quantity of solid waste
transferred to disposal site, shall be maintained at the transfer station.
8.2.5.9. The transfer station shall be fenced and have all necessary facilities and utilities.

8.3. Combined Treatment Facilities

8.3.1. Any industry shall characterize, identify, quantify and store its solid wastes for treatment.
8.3.2. Industrial solid wastes may be treated in a combination of chemical, physical and biological methods.
8.3.3. Before sending waste to common treatment facility, it shall be pre-treated at individual industry to the
extent specified by ES 6822.
8.3.4. Any industrial solid waste that will be disposed to landfill shall be treated to fulfill the
requirements specified in annex A.
8.3.5. Recyclable, recoverable and reusable industrial solid wastes shall be treated to make them less toxic
8.3.6. If economics justify movement of wastes over longer distances for a centralized plant, specific subsidies
for storage, collection and transportation should be considered.

8.4. Disposal Methods

Depending upon the characteristics of the wastes, different types of disposal methods can be used for
hazardous and non-hazardous industrial wastes.
8.4.1.General
8.4.1.1. Industrial solid waste shall be disposed in an isolated disposal site different from municipal
waste disposal site.
8.4.1.2. Only Solid wastes that are identified as disposable shall be disposed
8.4.1.3. Hazardous waste shall be disposed after treatment in accordance with the conditions laid down in the
proclamation 1090/2018.
8.4.1.4. For hazardous waste (date wise) the following Details of disposal shall be recorded and maintained:
a) date of disposal
b) Concentration of hazardous material in the final
c) Waste form
d) Site of disposal ( identify the location on the
e) Relevant layout drawing for reference)
f) method of disposal
g) name of persons involved in the disposal

8.4.2.Landfill
8.4.2.1. Industrial solid wastes that can be disposed to landfill shall fulfill the requirements specified in annex A
8.4.2.2. The landfill used to dispose industrial solid waste
a) Shall be Located at least 1000m away from water bodies and wet land
a) Shall be located > 1500 m away to settlement areas measured from the outside edge of the buffer zone
b) Shall not be located/constructed in protected areas
c) Shall not be constructed in flood plains and areas with a high risk of natural disasters
d) Shall resist mechanical stresses, hold back or prevent leachate and pollutants
e) Shall use watertight material at the bottom of deposit in order to prevent the infiltration leakage
into ground water

©ESA
8
 f) Shall be fenced and protected from people and animals entrance
g) Shall have facilities and infrastructures/ access to main road, sewerage system, water supply, guard
tower, office and toilet/ to function effectively
8.4.2.3. Any landfill shall have a buffer zone around a disposal site with a length of 500m. The buffer zone shall
be covered with green plants
8.4.2.4. The over flooding level shall be > 2.0 m of the maximum expected water level of the
surrounding water bodies
8.4.2.5. For hazardous industrial solid wastes the landfill shall have a 3m separation from the bottom of the
landfill to the underlying bedrock or ground water table
8.4.2.6. For a landfill used by industries there shall be lining system, leakage detection system, gas
ventilation system, and leachate treatment system appropriate for type and characteristic of wastes without
adverse effect on the environment, also shall be approved from responsible authority.
8.4.2.7. In using landfill to dispose waste the following shall be done in order to protect the underground
water a)Diversion or culvert of all water courses which flow across the site,
b) Diversion of upland water by means of drainage ditches along appropriate contours,
c) Containment of leachate arising from precipitation by the construction of an impermeable barrier where
necessary, such as a clay embankment adjoining a river.
d)Grading the final level of the site so that part of precipitation is drained across surface, thereby reducing
percolation below the level needed to produce a leachate.
8.4.2.8. In order to avoid ground water contamination, the landfill shall have leachate collection and treatment
mechanism within the landfill site.
8.4.2.9. The landfill administrator shall have an approved closure plan from the responsible authority for the
landfill after completing its functions
8.4.2.10. The site, which is going to be used for landfill, shall not be suitable for agricultural activities or
produce problems for future development plans.
8.4.2.11. The following industrial solid waste may be disposed in the municipal landfill
a) Cinder
b) Sludge
c) Waste metal
d) Waste glass, waste concrete, waste ceramics
e) Slag
f) Rubble
g) Dust and soot
h) Waste paper
i) Waste wood
j) Waste fiber
k) Solid waste of animal origin
l) Wastes of animal or plant origin
m) Animal excreta
n) Animal carcasses
8.4.2.12. Industrial solid wastes that fulfill the following requirements can be disposed to municipal landfill.
a) The waste shall not be hazardous
b) The waste shall be treated and has an effluent discharge limit as specified in ES 6822
c) The waste shall be biodegradable
8.4.3. Incineration
8.4.3.1. The following industrial solid waste shall not be disposed by incineration
a) Acids
b) Alkaline batteries
c) Car batteries
d) Cement
e) Fluorescent bulbs
f) Glass
g) Incandescent lights
h) Lithium batteries
i) Mobile phones

9
©ESA
 j) Rubber
k) Small house appliances
l) Solvents
m) Tyres

8.4.3.2. For hazardous industrial solid waste an incinerator with a burning capacity of greater than
0
1100 C shall be used.
8.4.3.3. The industrial solid waste incinerator shall have Combustion efficiency of 99.9%.
8.4.3.4. The incineration facility shall have air pollution control mechanism, water source, collection
and handling of ash including final disposal, heat recovery or control methods, fuel source, operating
temperatures and retention time in deferent steps
8.4.3.5. The building structures for incineration shall have areas designated for unloading, storing,
loading, burning, bottom ash and flue ash collection and ash storing until final disposal.
8.4.3.6. The solid waste storing area in the facility shall accommodate at least three times of the daily average
tonnage of waste.
8.4.3.7. Daily records shall be kept on quantity of solid waste received, its origin, the quantity and type of
recovered materials and residues; the quantity of collected ash and quantity of water used for the
facility.
8.4.3.8. Monitoring of stack emission shall be performed by the operator. Air pollutants to be measured
include particulates, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, hydrogen chloride
8.4.3.9. The ash generated in the incineration process shall be disposed to landfill or used for other
safe purpose
8.4.3.10. The incinerator used to dispose industrial solid waste
a) Shall be located > 500 m away to settlement areas measured from the outside edge of the buffer
zone
b) Shall not be located/constructed in protected areas
c) Shall not be constructed in flood plains and areas with a high risk of natural disasters
d) Shall be fenced and protected from people and animals entrance
e) Shall have facilities and infrastructures/ access to main road, sewerage system, water supply, guard
tower, office and toilet/ to function effectively
f) Shall be located 300m away from farmland and areas that store or produce inflammable materials
g) Shall be installed above the maximum level of the water table
8.4.3.11. Incineration of hazardous & non-hazardous waste shall be done so that stack emission is in
compliance with ES 6822-4
8.4.3.12. During incineration the following shall apply
i. Control of combustion air to maintain adequate temperature for efficient combustion
ii. Containment of the combustion reaction in an enclosed device to provide sufficient residence
time and mixing for complete combustion
iii. Control of emission of the gaseous combustion products as per ES 6822-4.
8.4.4. Composting
Any industrial organic solid waste shall be treated according to ES 6434
10
©ESA
 Annex A
(Normative)
Industrial solid waste suitable for land fill
A.1 Requirements for industrial Solid Waste/Process Residuals Suitable for Landfill
A.1.1 Industrial solid wastes shall fulfill requirements specified in table 2 to be disposed on landfills
Table 2:requirements for residuals suitable for landfill
Leachate test results not to exceed 100mg/l
Parameter Parameter
Ammonia sulphide Maleic anhydride
Benzidine Methylamine
Benzyl chloride Potassium permanganate
Diethylamine Quinoline
Ethylamine Strychnine
Ethylenediamine Tetrachloroethanes

A.2 Requirements for industrial Solid Waste/Process Residuals Suitable for Landfill
Industrial solid wastes shall fulfill requirements specified in table 2 to be disposed on landfills Based on
Leachate quality test results.
Table 3: Requirements for industrial solid waste residuals suitable for land fill
Parameter Concentration (mg/L)
Arsenic 2.5
Barium 100
Cadmium 0.5
Carbon Tetrachloride 0.5
Chromium 5
Cyanide(free) 20
DDT 3
Endrin 0.02
Heptachlor + Heptachlor epoxide 0.3
Lead (total lead analysis - not based 600
on leachate test results)
Lindane 0.4
Mercury 0.1
Methoxychlor 10
Methyl ethyl ketone 200
Metolachlor 5
PCBs 50*
Selenium 1
Silver 5
Tetrachloroethylene 3.0
Toxaphene 0.5
Trihalomethanes 10
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) 1
Zinc 500
*Based on Concentration by Mass

©ESA
11
 Organization and Objectives
Ethiopian Standards Agency
ኤጀንሲ

The Ethiopian Standards Agency (ESA) is the national standards body of Ethiopia
established in 2010 based on regulation No. 193/2010.ESA is established due to the
restructuring of Quality and Standards Authority of Ethiopia (QSAE) which was
established in 1998.

ESA’s objectives are:-

የኢትዮጵያ የደረጃዎች

 Develop Ethiopian standards and establish a system that enable to

check whether goods and services are in compliance with the
required standards,
 Facilitate the country’s technology transfer through the use of
standards,
 Develop national standards for local products and services so as to
make them competitive in the international market.
Ethiopian Standards
The Ethiopian Standards are developed by national technical committees which are
composed of different stakeholders consisting of educational Institutions, research
institutes, government organizations, certification, inspection, and testing
organizations, regulatory bodies, consumer association etc. The requirements and/
or recommendations contained in Ethiopian Standards are consensus based that
reflects the interest of the TC representatives and also of comments received from
the public and other sources. Ethiopian Standards are approved by the National
Standardization Council and are kept under continuous review after publication and
updated regularly to take account of latest scientific and technological changes.
Orders for all Ethiopian Standards, International Standard and ASTM standards,
including electronic versions, should be addressed to the Documentation and
Publication Team at the Head office and Branch (Liaisons) offices. A catalogue of
Ethiopian Standards is also available freely and can be accessed in from our
website.
ESA has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be
reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of ESA.
International Involvement
ESA, representing Ethiopia, is a member of the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and Codex Alimentarius Commission (CODEX). It also
maintains close working relations with the international Electro-technical
Commission (IEC) and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).It is a
founding member of the African Regional Organization for standardization
(ARSO).

More Information?
Contact us at the following address.
The Head Office of ESA is at Addis Ababa.

011- 646 06 85, 011- 646 05 65

011-646 08 80
2310 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
E-mail: [email protected],
Website: www.ethiostandards.org

Standard Mark