NET DECEMBER 2018

[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

NET DECEMBER 2018 (SOLUTION)

BOOKLET CODE ‘A’

INSTRUCTIONS
1. You have opted for English as medium of question. This Test Booklet contains seventy five
(20 Part ‘A’ +25 Part ‘B’ +30 Part ‘C’). Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).
You are required to answer a maximum of 15, 20 and 20 questions from part ‘A’ ‘B’ and ‘C’
respectively. If more than required number of questions are answered, only first 15, 20, 20
questions in Part ‘A’ ‘B’ and ‘C’ respectively, will be taken up for evaluation.
2. OMR answer sheet has been provided separately. Before you start filling up your particulars,
please ensure that the booklet contains requisite number of pages and that these are not torn
or mutilated. If it is so, you may request the invigilator to change the booklet of the same code.
Likewise check the OMR answer sheet also, Sheets for rough work have been appended to the
test booklet.
3. Write your Roll No, Name and Serial Number of this Test Booklet on the OMR Answer sheet
in the space provided. Also put your signatures in the space earn marked.
4. You must darken the appropriate circles with a black ball pen related to Roll Number,
Subject Code, Booklet Code and Centre Code on the OMR answer sheet. It is the sole
responsibility of the candidate to meticulously follow the instructions given on the answer
sheet, failing which, the computer shall not be able to decipher the correct detail which
may ultimately result in loss, including rejection of the OMR answer sheet.
5. Each question in Part ‘A’ carries 2 marks, Part ‘B’ 3.5 marks, Part ‘C’ 5 marks respectively.
There will be negative marking @ 25% (Part ‘A’ 0.50 marks, Part ‘B’ 0.875 marks and Part
‘C’ 1.25 marks) for each wrong answer.
6. Below each question in Part ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ four alternative or responses are given. Only one
of these alternatives is the “correct” option to the question. You have to find for each question,
the correct or the best answer.
7. Candidate found copying or resorting to any unfair means are liable to be disqualified rough
work.
8. Candidate should not write anything anywhere except on answer sheet of sheet for rough
work.
9. Use of calculator is not permitted.
10. After the test is over, at the perforation point, tear the OMR answer sheet, hand over the
original OMR answer sheet to the Invigator and retain the carbonless copy for your
record.
11. Candidates who sit for the entire duration of the exam will only be permitted to carry their Test
Booklet.

Revised Edition-2022 1
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[SOLUTION]

PART A
Q1. A rectangular photo frame of size 30 cm  40 cm has a photograph mounted at the centre
leaving a 5cm border all around. The area of the border is

(a) 600 cm 2 (b) 350 cm 2 (c) 400 cm 2 (d) 700 cm 2

Ans. : (a)
Solution: ar   ABCD   40  30 A 40
B
E F
ar   EFGH   30  20 30
20 30
ar  border   1200  600  600 cm 2
H G
D C
Q2. At a birthday party, every child gets 2 chocolates, every mother gets 1 chocolate, while
no father gets a chocolate. In total 69 persons get 70 chocolates. If the number of children
is half of the number of mothers and fathers put together, then how many fathers are
there?
(a) 22 (b) 23 (c) 24 (d) 69
Ans. : (a)
Solution: Let numbers of child, mother and father be C , M and F respectively.
Given, C  M  F  69
2C  M  F
2C  M  70
Solving above we get
C  23 M  29 F  22
Q3. What is the value of 12  22  32  42  52  ....  17 2  182  192 ?
(a) 5 (b) 12 (c) 95 (d) 190
Ans. : (d)
Solution: S  12  22  32  42  52  62  ...  17 2  182  192
S  1  2 1  2    3  4    3  4    5  6  5  6   ...  17  18 17  18   19

9
  3  7  ...  35  192    3  35  192  190
2
Q4. The curves of y  2 x 2 and y  4 x intersect each other at
(a) only one point (b) exactly two points
(c) more than two points (d) no point at all
Ans. : (b)
Solution: At the point of intersections

2 Revised Edition-2022
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2x2  4x
or, x  2 x  4   0

or, x  0 , or x  2
so, two points of Intersections.
Q5. The diameters of the pinholes of two otherwise identical cameras A and B are 500  m
and 200  m , respectively. Then the image in camera A will be
(a) sharper than in B (b) darker than in B
(c) less sharp and brighter than in B (d) sharper and brighter than in B
Ans. : (c)
Solution: smaller the aperture diameter, greater the sharpness of an image.
Q6. If D  ABC BCA  CAB , where A, B and C are decimal digits, then D is divisible by
(a) 37 and 29 (b) 37 but not 29
(c) 29 but not 37 (d) neither 29 nor 37
Ans. : (b)
Solution: D  100 A  10 B  C   100 B  10C  A   100C  10 A  B 

 111A  111B  111C  111 A  B  C 

 37  3   A  B  C 

Q7. For the following set of observed values

60, 65, 65, 70, 70, 70, 70,82,85,90,95,95,100,160,160
which of the statements is true?
(a) mode < median < mean (b) mode < mean < median
(c) mean < median < mode (d) median < mode < mean
Ans. : (a)
Solution: Given set of observed values is:
60, 65, 65, 70, 70, 70, 70,82,85,90,95,95,100,160,160
Total observed values  15
Median  82 (21 8th position)
Mode  70 (observed values with highest frequency)
1337
Mean   89
15

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Q8. A circular running track has six lanes, each 1 m wide. How far ahead (in meters) should
the runner in the outermost lane start from, so as to cover the same distance in one lap as
the runner in the innermost lane?
(a) 6  (b) 10  (c) 12  (d) 36 
Ans. : (b)
Solution: Let 1st track radius = r m
Then last track radius  r  5 m

So, required lead  2  r  5   2 r m  10

Q9. In an examination 100 questions of 1 mark each are given. After the examination, 20
questions are deleted from evaluation, leaving 80 questions with a total of 100 marks.
Student A had answered 4 of the deleted questions correctly and got 40 marks, whereas
student B had answered 10 of the deleted questions correctly and got 35 marks. In this
situation
(a) A and B were equally benefited (b) A and B lost equally
(c) B lost more than A (d) A lost more than B
Ans. : (c)
Solution: Out of 80 questions,
40
A ’s correct numbers of solutions   32
100
35
B ’s correct numbers of solution   28
100
Had 20 questions not been deleted,
A ’s total correct solutions  32  4
B ’s total correct solution  28  10  38
Q10. A tourist drives 20 km towards east, turns right and drives 6 km , then drives 6 km
towards west. He then turns to his left and drives 4 km and finally turns right and drives
14 km . Where is he from his starting point?
(a) 6 km towards east (b) 20 km towards west
(c) 14 km towards north (d) 10 km towards south
Ans. : (d)
Solution: From figure, it is evident that he is 10 km towards south

4 Revised Edition-2022
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20 km
S
6 km 6 km
4 km
F
14 km
Q11. If ‘SELDOON’ means ‘NOODLES’ then what does ‘SPUOS’ mean?
(a) SALAD (b) SOUPS (c) RASAM (d) ONION
Ans. : (b)
Solution: Interchanging first alphabet with last one, we get NOODLES from SELDOON.
Similarly,

S PU O S S OU P S

Q12. An ideal pendulum oscillates with angular amplitude of 300 from the vertical. If it is
observed at a random instant of time, its angular deviation from the vertical is most likely
to be
(a) 00 (b) 100 (c) 200 (d) 300
Ans. : (d)
Q13. In the context of tiling a plane surface, which of the following polygons is the odd one
out?
(a) Equilateral triangle (b) Square
(c) Regular pentagon (d) Regular hexagon
Ans. : (c)
Solution: While tiling a plane surface, there must be n polygons all of item meeting at
2
each vertex point, this implies the interior angle of each of them must be ,
n
when n is a positive integer
For n  5 (Pentagons)
2
We have interior angle  , which is not possible
5
For a regular polygon: Not possible.
For n  3 (hexagons)
This will need to have three regular hexagons meeting at each vertex: Possible
For n  4 (squares)
This has four squares meeting at each vertex: Possible
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[SOLUTION]

For n  6 (equilateral triangle)

2 
In this case polygons need to have angles  
6 3
So, this tiling will have six triangles meeting at each vertex.
Q14. Scatter plots for pairs of observations on the variables x and y in samples A and B are
shown in the figure.

y y

A B
x x
Which of the following is suggested by the plots?
(a) Correlation between x and y is stronger in A than in B
(b) Correlation between x and y is absent in B
(c) Correlation between x and y is weaker in A than in B
(d) y and x have a cause - effect relationship in A but not in B
Ans. : (a)
Solution: As there is positive correlation in sample A while little or no in sample B .
Q15. Two solutions X and Y containing ingredients A, B and C in proportions a : b : c and
c : b : a , respectively, are mixed. For the resultant mixture to have A, B and C in equal
proportion, it is necessary that
ca ab a b ca
(a) b  (b) c  (c) c  (d) b 
2 2 2 2
Ans. : (d)
Solution: Let x unit of X 2nd y units of Y are mixed together.
Then in resultant solution:
ax  cy
A (i)
abc
bx  by
B (ii)
abc
cx  ay
C (iii)
abc
If A, B and C are equal, then solving (i) and (iii), we get x  y
Also, as A  B  C , this implies
6 Revised Edition-2022
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ax  cy bx  by

abc abc
purity x   , we obtain,
ac
a  c  b  b or, b 
2
Q16. Find the missing figure in the following sequence.
     
?
  
(a) (b)
 

(c) (d)
 

Ans. : (c)
Solution: It is obvious from the trend in figures that missing figure will have one ' ' and
 . So correct choice is (c).
Q17. In triangle ABC , AB  11, BC  61, AC  60 , and O is the mid-point of BC . Then AO
is
A

B C
O
(Not to scale)

(a) 18.5 (b) 24.0 (c) 30.5 (d) 36.0

Ans. : (c)
Solution: It is obvious the given triangle is a right triangle
A

as 10  60  61 , with A 
2 2 2
. 60
2
From the property of a right angled triangle: B C
O
61
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AO  OB  OC
If O is mid-point of hypotenuse.
61
So, AO   30.5
2
Q18. Areas of three parts of a rectangle are given in unit of cm 2 . What is the total area of the
rectangle?
3 9
(a) 18
(b) 24 6
(c) 36
(d) 108
Ans. : (c)
Solution: From figure:
xy  3 (i) 3 9

l  x  y  9 (ii) 6
b  y  x  6 (iii)

 l  x  b  x   Area of missing portion

Multiply (ii) by (iii)   l  x  b  x  xy  54

from (i), xy  3

so,  l  x  b  y   18 (Area of missing portion)

So, Total area  3  9  6  18  36

2nd method:
3 9

6 area of missing portion
96
or, area of missing portion   18
3
So, Total area  3  9  6  18  36
Q19. A student is free to choose only Chemistry, only Biology or both. If out of 32 students,
Chemistry has been chosen by 16 and Biology by 25, then how many students have
chosen Biology but not Chemistry?
(a) 9 (b) 16 (c) 25 (d) 7
Ans. : (b)
Solution: n  C   16  number of chemistry students

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n  B   25  number of biology students

C  16 B  25
n C  B   n C   u  a   n C  B 
7 9 16
or 32  16  25  n  C  B 

or n  C  B   9

so, number of students with biology but not chemistry

 n  B   n  C  B   25  9  16

Q20. The lift (upward force due to air) generated by the wings and engines of an aircraft is
(a) positive (upwards) while landing and negative (downwards) while taking off.
(b) negative (downwards) while landing and positive (upwards) while taking off
(c) negative (downwards) while landing as well as while taking off
(d) positive (upwards) while landing as well as while taking off
Ans. : (d)
PART B
a 0 0
Q21. One of the eigenvalues of the matrix e is e , where A   0 0 a  . The product of the
A a

0 a 0
 
other two eigenvalues of e A is
(a) e2a (b) e a (c) e2a (d) 1
Ans. : (d)
Solution: Eigenvalues of matrix A are a, a and  a . The product of two other

eigenvalues of A are ea a  a  1
Alternativety
eTraceA  e1 2  3  det e A
 e1 .e2  3  det e A  ea .e2 .e3  ea
 e2 .e3  1
Q22. The polynomial f  x   1  5 x  3 x 2 is written as linear combination of the Legendre

polynomials
 

1
2
 2



 P0  x   1, P1  x  , P2  x   3 x  1  as f  x    n cn Pn  x  . The value of c0 is

1 1
(a) (b) (c) 2 (d) 4
4 2
Ans. : (c)
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Solution: f  x   1  5 x  3 x 2

1  P0  x  x  P1  x 

x2 
1
3
 2P2  x   1
f  x   P0  x   5 P1  x   2 P2  x   P0  x 

 2 P0  x   5 P1  x   2 P2  x 

 c0 P0  x   c1 P1  x   c2 P2  x  c0  2

dz tanh 2 z 
Q23. The value of the integral  C z sin  z
, where C is a circle of radius
2
, traversed

counter-clockwise, with centre at z  0 , is

(a) 4 (b) 4i (c) 2i (d) 0
Ans. : (b)
dz tanh 2 z
Solution:  C z sin  z
dz
i / 2
 i  i i / 4
z  0,1, 1, ,
4 4
1 2  /2 0 1  /2
 2 z    2 z  .... 1
3 5
2z 
 i / 4
f z  3 15
  z
3 3

z  z   ....   i / 2
 3! 

2  1 2   z 
2 2
=  1  z  ...  1   ... 
z 3  3! 
2
b1 

tanh 2 tanh 2
As Re z  1 , and Re z  1 ,
 
i 1 2 
Re z     2cosec h 
4  4 

i 1 2 
Re z     2cosec h 
4  4 

I  2 iR  4i only when 0 lies inside, otherwise wrong question.

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Q24. A particle of mass m , moving along the x - direction, experiences a damping force
 v 2 , where  is a constant and v is its instantaneous speed. If the speed at t  0 is v0 ,

the speed at time t is

 v0t
 v0 mv0 2v0
m
(a) v0 e (b) (c) (d)
 v t  m   v0t  v0t
1  ln  1  0  1 e m
 m 
Ans. : (c)
Solution: From Newton’s second law
dv dv 
m   v 2  2   dt
dt v m
1 
Integrating both sides gives    t  c
v m
where c is a constant of integration
Since v  v0 at t  0 , we obtain

1  1
   .0  c  c  
v0 m v0
1  1
Hence,    t 
v m v0
1  t 1  v0t  m mv0 mv0
    v 
v m v0 mv0  v0t  m m   v0t
Im z
Q25. The integral I   e dz is evaluated from the point
z
 1, 0  to
 1, 0  1, 0 
C

1, 0  along the contour C , which is an arc of the parabola Re z

C
y  x 2  1 , as shown in the figure.
The value of I is
(a) 0 (b) 2sinh1 (c) e2i sinh1 (d) e  e1
Ans. : (b)
Solution:  f  z  dz  2 iR
C

1

 f  z  dz   e x dx  0
C
1

1 1
 e  e   2  2sinh1
1 1

 f  z  dz    e dx   e dx 
x x
C
1 1
2
Q26. In terms of arbitrary constants A and B , the general solution to the differential equation

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d2y dy
x2 2
 5 x  3 y  0 is
dx dx
A B
(a) y   Bx3 (b) y  Ax 
x x3
A B
(c) y  Ax  Bx3 (d) y  
x x3
Ans. : (d)
Solution: The given equation is Euler-Cauchy differential equation. The characteristic
equation of
d2y dy
x2
2
 5x  6 y  0
dx dx
is, m 2  4m  6  0  m  3 or m  1
1 1
Thus, y1  x 1  and y2  x 2  3
x x
Therefore the general solution is
A B
y 
x x3
k
Q27. In the attractive Kepler problem described by the central potential V  r   (where k
r
is a positive constant), a particle of mass m with a non-zero angular momentum can
never reach the centre due to the centrifugal barrier. If we modify the potential to
k 
V r     3
r r
one finds that there is a critical value of the angular momentum  c below which there is

no centrifugal barrier. This value of  c is

1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 4 1/ 4
(a) 12km 2   (b) 12km 2   (c) 12km 2   (d) 12km 2  

Ans. : (c)
L2 k
Solution: Veff  2
 0
2mr r
L2 k L2
   0  r0 
mr 3 r 2 mk
when introduce new potential
L2 k 
Veff  2
  3
2mr r r

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For critical value

Veff  L2 k 3
  
r mr 3 r 2 r 4
 2Veff 3L2 2k 12
  5 0
r 2 mr 4 r 3 r
For critical value
3L2 2k 12
 4
 3
 5
0
 L  2
 L 2
 L2 
m     
 mk   mk   mk 

3m3 k 4 2m3 x 4 12m5 x 5 

   0
L6 L6 L10

m3 k 4  m2 k  
 
1/ 4
LC  12m 2 k   3  2  12 0
L6  L4 

 
1/ 4
 Lc  12m 2 k 

Q28. The time period of a particle of mass m , undergoing small oscillations around x  0 , in
x
the potential V  V0 cosh   , is
L

mL2 mL2 mL2 2mL2

(a)  (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 2
V0 2V0 V0 V0

Ans. : (c)
x
Solution: V  V0 cosh  
L
V V x
For equilibrium point  0  0 sinh    0
x L L

 2V V0
k 2 
x x 0
L2

k 2 V0 mL2
    T  2
m T mL2 V0

1
Q29. Consider the decay A  B  C of a relativistic spin- particle A . Which of the
2
following statements is true in the rest frame of the particle A ?
1
(a) The spin of both B and C may be
2

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(b) The sum of the masses of B and C is greater than the mass of A
(c) The energy of B is uniquely determined by the masses of the particles
(d) The spin of both B and C may be integral
Ans. : (c)
Q30. Two current-carrying circular loops, each of radius R , are placed z

perpendicular to each other, as shown in the figure. 2I0

The loop in the xy - plane carries a current I 0 while that in the
 y
xz -plane carries a current 2I 0 . The resulting magnetic field B I0
x
at the origin is
0l0  ˆ ˆ  0l0  ˆ ˆ 
(a) 2jk (b) 2jk
2R   2R  

0l0  ˆ ˆ  0l0  ˆ ˆ 
(c) 2 j  k (d) 2 j  k
2R   2R  
Ans. : (c)
 I
Solution: Field due to loop in xy plane is B1  0 0 zˆ
2R
Field due to loop in xz plane is
   2I0 
B2  0   yˆ 
2R
   I
Resultant field B  B1  B2  0 0  2 yˆ  zˆ 
2R

Q31. An electric dipole of dipole moment P  qbiˆ is placed at

origin in the vicinity of two charges  q and q at  L, b 

Y

and  L, b  , respectively, as shown in the figure.

 q ( L, b )
L 
The electrostatic potential at the point  , 0  is 
2  P A
x
O ( L /2, 0)
qb  1 2  4qbL
(a)  2 2 2 
(b)
 0  L L  4b   0  L2  4b 2 
3/ 2

 q ( L,-b)
qb 3qb
(c) (d)
 0 L2  0 L2
Ans. : (c)
1 p cos 00 1 p
Solution: Potential due to dipole V1  
4 0  L / 2  2
 0 L2

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1 q
Potential due to  q charge V2 
4 0 L / 4  b2
2

1 q
Potential due to  q charge V3  
4 0 L2 / 4  b 2
1 p 1 qb
Resultant V  V1  V2  V3  V 
 0 L2
 0 L2
Hence, correct option is (c)
Q32. A monochromatic and linearly polarized light is used in a Young’s double slit
experiment. A linear polarizer, whose pass axis is at an angle 450 to the polarization of
the incident wave, is placed in front of one of the slits. If I max and I min , respectively,
denote the maximum and minimum intensities of the interference pattern on the screen,
I max  I min
the visibility, defined as the ratio , is
I max  I min

2 2 2 2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3
Ans. : (b)
  A  xˆ  yˆ  it i
ˆ 0 eit ;
Solution: E1  xA E2  0 e
2 2 y
    E2 A0
 
I  E1  E2  E1*  E2*  A0 cos 45 
2
 2  2     x
 I  E1  E2  E1  E2*  E2  E1* E1 A0

A02 A02 i A02 i

A 2
0  1  1  e  e
4 2 2
A02 A02 ei  e  i 3 A02
I A   2
0   A02 cos 
2 2 2 2
5 A02 A02 I I 2
I max  , I min   V  max min 
2 2 I max  I min 3
Q33. An electromagnetic wave propagates in a nonmagnetic medium with relative permittivity
  4 . The magnetic field for this wave is

H  x, y   kH 
ˆ cos t   x   3 y
0 

where H 0 is a constant. The corresponding electric field E  x, y  is

(a)
1
4
  
0 H 0 c  3iˆ  ˆj cos t   x   3 y 
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(b)
1
4
0 H 0 c   
3iˆ  ˆj cos t   x   3 y 
(c)
1
4
0 H 0 c   
3iˆ  ˆj cos t   x   3 y 
(d)
1
4
  
0 H 0 c  3iˆ  ˆj cos t   x   3 y 
Ans. : (a)

Solution: E  v Kˆ  Bˆ  

 K  xˆ   3 yˆ 1 3
K   xˆ   3 yˆ  Kˆ     xˆ  yˆ
K   3
2 2 2 2

c  xˆ  3 yˆ 
E 
r  2

 0 H 0 cos t   x   3 y zˆ  

c 0 H 0 
E
2 4 
  
 yˆ  3 xˆ cos t   x  3 y 
 
E
1
4
  
c0 H 0  3 xˆ  yˆ cos t   x   3 y 
Q34. The ground state energy of an anisotropic harmonic oscillator described by the potential
1
V  x, y , z   m 2 x 2  2m 2 y 2  8m 2 z 2 (in units of  ) is
2
5 7 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
Ans. : (b)
1 1 1
Solution: V  x, y, z   m 2 x 2  m  2  y 2  m  4  z 2
2 2

2 2 2
x    y  2  z  4

 1  1  1
Enx ,ny ,nz   nx    x   ny    y   nz    z
 2  2  2
For ground state
nx  0, ny  0, nz  0

1 1 1 1 7
    2  4   1  2  4   
2 2 2 2 2

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Q35. The product x p of uncertainties in the position and momentum of a simple harmonic

oscillator of mass m and angular frequency  in the ground state 0 , is . The value
2
of the product x p in the state, e  ipˆ  /  0 (where  is a constant and p̂ is the

momentum operator) is

 m  2  2
(a) (b)  (c) (d)
2  2 m  2
Ans. : (c)
Q36. Let the wavefunction of the electron in a hydrogen atom be

 1  2  1 
 r   200  r   211  r   100  r 
6 3 6

where nlm  r  are the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian in the standard notation. The

expectation value of the energy in this state is

(a) 10.8 eV (b) 6.2 eV (c) 9.5 eV (d) 5.1 eV
Ans. : (d)

1 2 1
Solution:   2,0,0  2,1,1  1,0,0
6 3 6
 13.6  1 2 1  4 5
P    
 4  6 3 6 6
5
P  3.4  
6
1
P  13.6  
6
5 1 1 30.60
E   3.4     13.6     17.00  13.6  eV    5.1 eV
6 6 6 6
1
Q37. Three identical spin particles of mass m are confined to a one-dimensional box of
2
length L , but are otherwise free. Assuming that they are non-interacting, the energies of
 22
the lowest two energy eigen states, in units of , are
2mL2
(a) 3 and 6 (b) 6 and 9 (c) 6 and 11 (d) 3 and 9
Ans. : (b)
 2 2
Solution: Put  E0
2mL2
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For ground state configuration 2 particle has engine E0 and 1 particle has engine

4E0

Total energy is 2  E0  1 4 E0  6 E0

For first excited state configuration, 1 particles has engine E0 and 2 particle has

engine 4E0

Total energy 1 E0  2  4 E0  9 E0

 22
Lowest two energy levels are 6 E0 ,9 E0 respectively, where E0 
2mL2
Q38. The heat capacity CV at constant volume of a metal, as a function of temperature, is

 T   T 3 , where  and  are constants. The temperature dependence of the entropy at

constant volume is
1
(a)  T   T 3 (b)  T   T 3
3
1 1 1 1
(c) T   T 3 (d) T   T 3
2 3 2 4
Ans. : (a)
Solution: CV   T   T 3

dQ CV dT
dS  
T T

 dS      T dT
2

1
S  T   T 3
3
2
Q39. The rotational energy levels of a molecule are E      1 , where   0,1, 2,... and
2I0

I 0 is its moment of inertia. The contribution of the rotational motion to the Helmholtz
free energy per molecule, at low temperatures in a dilute gas of these molecules, is
approximately
2
 2  
(a)  k BT  1   (b)  k BTe I 0 k BT

 I 0 k BT 
2

(c) k BT (d) 3k BTe I 0 k BT

Ans. : (d)

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2
Solution: E      1   0,1, 2,...
2I0
   2    1

z    2  1 e 2 I0

 0

  2    1

z  1    2  1 e 2 I 0 k BT

 0

     1  2

F   k BT ln z   k BT ln  1    2  1 e 2 I0 kBT 
  1 
 
x2
ln 1  x   x   ...
2
For low temperature, higher temperature can be neglected
  2    1   
2
 2
  
F   k BT   2  1 e 2 I 0 k BT
  k B T 3 e I 0 k BT
 ...  3k B T e I 0 k BT

 1  
 
Q40. The vibrational motion of a diatomic molecule may be considered to be that of a simple
harmonic oscillator with angular frequency  . If a gas of these molecules is at
temperature T , what is the probability that a randomly picked molecule will be found in
its lowest vibrational state?
 
 
(a) 1  e k BT
(b) e 2 k BT

   1   
(c) tanh   (d) cosec h  
 k BT  2  2 k BT 
Ans. : (a)
 1
Solution: E   n    n  0,1, 2,..
 2
  3  5 
 k BT
ze 2 k BT
e 2 k BT
e
   
2 k BT 2 k BT  
e e 1
P  G.S .    3 
    
  1 e k BT

  1
e 2 k BT
e 2 k BT
 ... e 2 k BT
1  e kBT  ...   
 
  1 e k BT

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Q41. Consider an ideal Fermi gas in a grand canonical ensemble at a constant chemical
potential. The variance of the occupation number of the single particle energy level with
mean occupation number n is
1
(a) n 1  n  (b) n (c) n (d)
n
Ans. : (a)
1  z  1
Solution: n  k BT       / kBT
z   V ,T e 1

 dn 
Variance  k BT    n 1  n 
 d  V ,T
Note: This may also be divided using simple Bernoulli distribution.
Q42. Consider the following circuit, consisting of an RS flip-flop and two AND gates.

J 1 A S Q
CLK
K 2 B R Q

Which of the following connections will allow the entire circuit to act as a JK flip-flop?
(a) connect Q to pin 1 and Q to pin 2

(b) connect Q to pin 2 and Q to pin 1

(c) connect Q to K input and Q to J input

(d) connect Q to J input and Q to K input

Ans. : (b)
Q43. The truth table below gives the value Y  A, B, C  where A, B and C are binary variables.

The output Y can be represented by A B C Y

(a) Y  ABC  ABC  ABC  ABC 0 0 0 1

(b) Y  ABC  ABC  ABC  ABC 0 0 1 0

0 1 0 0
(c) Y  ABC  ABC  ABC  ABC
0 1 1 1
(d) Y  ABC  ABC  ABC  ABC
1 0 0 1
1 1 0 0
Ans. : (b)
1 1 1 1
Solution: Y  ABC  ABC  ABC  ABC

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Q44. A sinusoidal signal is an input to the following circuit

VCC

v R R
Input Vo
C
 0, 0  t C
R

Which of the following graphs best describes the output wave function?
(a) (b)
V V

 0, 0 t  0, 0 t

(c) (d)
V V

 0, 0 t  0, 0 t

Ans. : (a)
Solution: In CE transistor output has phase charge of 
Q45. A sinusoidal voltage having a peak value of V p is an input to the following circuit, in

which the DC voltage is Vb

R
V
Vp
Input D Output
t
Vb

Assuming an ideal diode which of the following best describes the output waveform?

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(a) (b)

Vp
Vb

t  0, 0  t
Vb

(c) (d)

Vb Vb

 0, 0  t  0, 0  t
Vb
Vp

Ans. : (c)
PART C
d 2 y  x
Q46. The Green’s function G  x, x  for the equation  f  x  , with the boundary values
dx 2
y  0   0 and y 1  0 , is

1
 2 x 1  x  , 0  x  x  1  x  x  1 , 0  x  x  1
(a) G  x, x    (b) G  x, x   
1
 x 1  x  0  x  x  1  x 1  x  0  x  x  1
2

 1
 2 x 1  x  , 0  x  x  1  x  x  1 , 0  x  x  1
(c) G  x, x    (d) G  x, x   
1
 x 1  x  0  x  x  1  x  x  1 0  x  x  1
 2
Ans. : (d)
d2y
Solution:  f  x
dx 2
p  x   1

x1  1, y2  x

x 1 x
y1  x, y2  1  x w  1
1 1

A  1

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 A y1 y2  x
G  x, x    
 x  1 0  x  x  1
 A y1 y2  x  x  1 0  x  x  1

Q47. A 4  4 complex matrix A satisfies the relation A† A  4 I , where I is the 4  4 identity

matrix. The number of independent real parameters of A is
(a) 32 (b) 10 (c) 12 (d) 16
Ans. : (d)

Solution: Given that A† A  4 I 

4

1 †
A A I 
Let A  2 B then
A†  2 B †
Therefore, B † B  I
This shows that B is a unitary matrix. The number of independent real
parameters needed to specify an n  n unitary matrix is n 2 . Thus, the number of
independent parameter needed to specify matrix B is 42  16 .
Now, the number of independent parameters needed to specify matrix A is same
as that of matrix B .
Thus the number of independent parameters needed to specify A is 16
Q48. The contour C of the following integral

 z  1 z  3
 dz
z 
3
C
2
 25

in the complex z plane is shown in the figure below.

1 3

This integral is equivalent to an integral along the contours

(a) (b)

5 1 3 5 5 1 3 5

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(c) (d)

5 1 3 5 5 1 3 5

Ans. : (c)
Solution: z  1,3 are branch points  is not a branch point 1 branch cut 3
1
Q49. The value of the integral  0
x 2 dx , evaluated using the trapezoidal rule with a step size of

0.2 , is
(a) 0.30 (b) 0.39 (c) 0.34 (d) 0.27
Ans. : (c)
Solution:
x f  x

x0 0 0

x1 0.2 0.04

x2 0.4 0.16

x3 0.6 0.36

x4 0.8 0.64

x5 1.0 1.00

0.2
I  0  2  0.04  0.16  0.36  0.64   1  0.1 2.4  1  0.34
2 
Q50. The motion of a particle in one dimension is described by the Langrangian

1   dx  
2

L      x 2  in suitable units. The value of the action along the classical path
2   dt  

from x  0 at t  0 to x  x0 at t  t0 , is

x02 1 2 1 2 x02
(a) (b) x0 tan t0 (c) x0 cot t0 (d)
2sin 2 t0 2 2 2 cos 2 t0
Ans. : (c)
1 2 1 2
Solution: L  x  x
2 2
From Lagrangian equation of motion

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d  L  L
  0
dt  x  x
xx 0

The solution is x  A sin t  B cos t
t 0 x0 B0
x  A sin t
x0
t  t0 x  x0 A 
sin t0
x0 x
x sin t , x  0 cos t
sin t0 sin t0
t0 t0 t t t
1 0
1 1 x02 0 1 x02 0 2
A   Ldt   x 2 dt   x 2 dt 
2 sin 2 t0 0 2 sin 2 t0 0
cos 2
t dt  sin tdt
0 0
2 0
2

1 x02  t0 t  1 x02 t0
   0   cos 2t dt
2 2
cos t dt sin tdt 2
2 sin 2 t0  0  2 sin t0 t
t0
1 x02 sin 2t0 x02
  cot t0
2 sin 2 t0 2 0 2

Q51. The Hamiltonian of a classical one-dimensional harmonic oscillator is H 

1 2
2
 
p  x2 ,

in suitable units. The total time derivative of the dynamical variable p  2 x is  

(a) 2p x (b) p  2 x (c) p  2 x (d) x  2 p
Ans. : (a)

Solution: H 
p2 x2
2

2
Let say dynamical variable A  p  2 x 
dA A
  A, H  
dt t
A dA
It is given 0   A, H 
t dt
dA  p2 x2   x2   p2 
  p  2 x,     p ,    2 x, 
dt  2 2  2  2 

2 x 22 p
   x  2 p  2 p  x
2 2

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Q52. A relativistic particle of mass m and charge e is moving in a uniform electric field of
c
strength  . Starting from rest at t  0 , how much time will it take to reach the speed ?
2
1 mc mc mc 3 mc
(a) (b) (c) 2 (d)
3 e e e 2 e
Ans. : (a)
dp
Solution:  e
dt
p  e t  c
At t  0 , p  0 , c  0
mv
 e t
v2
1 2
c
c
m v c m 2 mc mc
t Put v  t  t
e v2 2 e 1 3e 3eE
1 1
c2 4
 
Q53. In an inertial frame uniform electric and magnetic field E and B are perpendicular to
2 2
each other and satisfy E  B  29 (in suitable units). In another inertial frame, which

moves at a constant velocity with respect to the first frame, the magnetic field is 2 5kˆ .
In the second frame, an electric field consistent with the previous observations is

(a)
2

7 ˆ ˆ
ij  
(b) 7 iˆ  kˆ  (c) 
7 ˆ ˆ
2
i k  
(d) 7 iˆ  ˆj 
Ans. : (a)
2 2
Solution: E  B  29
 2  2
In another Frame E   B  29
  2
B  2 5kˆ  B  4  5  20  E   49
2

  
It is given E  B so E  
7 ˆ ˆ
2
ij  

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Q54. Electromagnetic wave of angular frequency  is propagating in a medium in which, over

2
 
a band of frequencies the refractive index is n    1    , where 0 is a constant.
 0 
vg 0
The ratio of the group velocity to the phase velocity at   is
vp 2

1 2
(a) 3 (b) (c) (d) 2
4 3
Ans. : (a)
2
Solution: n  1  2
0

c 2 / 4 3 4c
n  1  0 2   vp 
vp 0 4 3

ck 2 3
n  1  kc   
 02 02

dk 3 2 2 / 4 1 3 1 d
 .c  1  2  1  3 0 2    vg   4c
d 0 0 4 4 dk

vg 4c
Thus,  3
vp 4c / 3

Q55. A rotating spherical shell of uniform surface charge and mass density has total mass M
and charge Q . If its angular momentum is L and magnetic moment is  , then the ratio

is
L
Q 2Q Q 3Q
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3M 3M 2M 4M
Ans. : (c)
z
2 2
Solution: I  MR 2 , L  I   MR 2  R sin 
3 3
Rd
Q

4 R 2 
   2 R sin   Rd    R sin 
2 2
d
dm  dI    R sin   
2

2 /  R
dm   R 4 sin 3  d
4 4    4 QR 2
   dm   R   
4
R   
3 3  4 R 2  3

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 QR 2 / 3 QR 2 3 Q
   
L 2
MR 2 3 2MR  2M
2

3
Q56. Consider the operator Ax  Ly pz  Lz p y , where Li and pi denote, respectively, the

components of the angular momentum and momentum operators. The commutator

 Ax , x  , where x is the x - component of the position operator, is

(a) i  zpz  yp y  (b) i  zpz  yp y  (c) i  zpz  yp y  (d) i  zpz  yp y 

Ans. : (a)
Solution: Ax  Ly pz  Lz p y , Ly  zpx  xpz , Lz  xp y  ypx

 Ax , x    Ly pz , x    Lz p y , x    Ly , x  pz   Lz , x  p y
  zpx , x  pz   ypx , x  p y  z  px , x  pz  y  px , x  p y

  i zpz    i yp y   i  zpz  yp y 

p2
Q57. A one-dimensional system is described by the Hamiltonian H    x (where
zm
  0 ). The ground state energy varies as a function of  as
(a)  5/ 3 (b)  2 / 3 (c)  4 / 3 (d)  1/ 3
Ans. : (a)
Solution: Using Bohr-Sommerfield theory,
E
x0 


 pdx  nh  4  2m  E   x  dx  nh
0

E
where x0 is turning point x0 

E
x0 
1
E
 4  2mE 
 
0
1  tdt  nh 

E 3/ 2
n

E   2/3
Q58. If the position of the electron in the ground state of a Hydrogen atom is measured, the
probability that it will be found at a distance r  a0 ( a0 being Bohr radius) is nearest to

(a) 0.91 (b) 0.66 (c) 0.32 (d) 0.13

Ans. : (b)

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
Solution: P  a0  r      r 2 R10 dr
2

a0  r
2
R10 
a03/ 2
 2r a0 r
4 
P  a0  r     3 r e
2 a0
dr  0.66
a0 a0

1
Q59. A system of spin particles is prepared to be in the eigenstate of  z with eigenvalue
2
1 . The system is rotated by at angle of 600 about the x -axis. After the rotation, the
fraction of the particles that will be measured to be in the eigenstate of  z with
eigenvalue 1 is
1 2 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 4 4
Ans. : (d)
Solution: Rotation with angle  about x axis
 
U  R     exp  i . 
 2

   
U  R     cos   I  i sin   ˆ  
2 2
  
U  Rx     cos I  i sin   ˆ   x
2 2
  
 cos 2 i sin 2  
Rx     Put  
   3
 i sin cos 
 2 2
 3 i 
1  
2 1
    Rx       2
 
0  i 3 0
 
 2 2 
 3
  3 1 i 0
  2  0  1
  
i 2   2 
 2

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3
If  z is measure on  , the measurement is 1 with probability and 1 with
4
1
probability
4
Q60. The Hamiltonian of a one-dimensional Ising model of N spins ( N large) is
N
H   J   i i 1
i 1

1
where the spin  i  1 and J is a positive constant. At inverse temperature   ,
k BT

the correlation function between the nearest neighbor spins  i i 1  is

e  J
(a) (b) e 2  J
 e J  e  J 
(c) tanh   J  (d) coth   J 

Ans. : (c)

Solution:  i   i 1 
 i   i 1

 i   i 1
N  1 
11
(i)
N 1 N  JN
For such an Ising model for N  1

z   cosh  J 
N


Average Energy  ln z

1
 N sinh  J  J
cosh  J
  NJ tanh  J (ii)
 Nj tanh  j
 i   i 1   tanh  j
 jN
Q61. At low temperatures, in the Debye approximation, the contribution of the phonons to the
heat capacity of a two dimensional solid is proportional to
(a) T 2 (b) T 3 (c) T 1/ 2 (d) T 3/ 2
Ans. : (a)
Solution: The dispersion relation of phonons is   AK
The phonon specific heat in d -dimension is CV  T d

For 2 dimensional solid d  2

CV  T 2
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Q62. A particle hops on a one-dimensional lattice with lattice spacing a . The probability of
the particle to hop to the neighboring site to its right is p , while the corresponding
probability to hop to the left is q  1  p . The root-mean squared deviation

x  x2  x
2
in displacement after N steps, is

q p

O
(a) a Npq (b) aN pq (c) 2a Npq (d) a N
Ans. : (c)
Solution: The standard deviation of Binomial distribution  Npq

Step size  2a (L & R)

Mean square displacement  2a Npq

Q63. The energy levels accessible to a molecule have energies E1  0, E2   and E3  2

(where  is a constant). A gas of these molecules is in thermal equilibrium at
temperature T . The specific heat at constant volume in the high temperature limit
 k BT    varies with temperature as
1 1 1 1
(a) 3/ 2
(b) (c) (d)
T T3 T T2
Ans. : (d)

Solution: z  e0  e  / kBT  e 2  / kBT  1
kBT

z  1  e / kBT  e 2  / kBT

A  k BT ln z  k BT ln 1  e  / kBT  e 2  / kBT 

  2 
A   k B T ln 1  1  ....  1  ...
 kBT kBT 

 3 
  k BT ln 3  
 k BT 

 
   3  1 3 
  k B 1ln 3    T   
T   kBT  3 k B T 2 
3
 
 kBT 

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 
  2  1 3 1 3 3  3  3 
2

  k      1  3   
T 2  3  3 k BT 3 k BT 2 k BT
B

2 2
3  k B T  k B T
 k BT k BT 

kB  2 kB  2
 
T  k BT    T  k B2T 2
2

2 A 1
CV  T  2
T 2
T
Q64. The input Vi to the following circuit is a square wave as shown in the following figure.

Vi
T /2 T
Vi C R
 0,0  t 
Vo

which of the waveforms best describes the output?

(a) (b)

Vo Vo

 0, 0   0, 0  T /2 3T /2 5T /2 t
T /2 3T /2 5T /2 t

(c) (d)

Vo Vo

 0, 0 
 0, 0  T /2 3T /2 t
T /2 3T /2 5T /2 t

Ans. : (c)
Solution: Differentiator circuit.

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Q65. The amplitude of a carrier signal of frequency f 0 is sinusoidally modulated at a

frequency f   f 0 . Which of the following graphs best describes its power spectrum?
(a) (b)

Power Power

f f
(f0 - 3f ')
(f0 - 2f ')
(f0 - 4f')

(f0 + 2f ')

(f0 + 4f')
(f0 + 3f ')
(f0 + f ')

(f0 + f ')
(f0 - f ')

(f0 - f ')
f0

f0
(c) (d)

Power Power

f f
(f0 - 2f ')

(f0 + 2f ')
(f0 + f ')

(f0 + f ')
(f0 - f ')
f0

f0

Ans. : (b)
Solution: 2sin A cos B  sin  A  B   sin  A  B 

C  t   A sin  2 ft  - Carrier wave

M  t   M cos  2 f 0t  -Modulation waveform

 M  t   Am cos  2 f 0t 

 M t  
Amplitude modulated wave y  t   1   C t 
 A 
Am Am
y  t   A sin  2 ft   sin  2  f  f 0    sin  2  f  f 0  
2 2
Q66. The standard deviation of the following set of data
10.0,10.0,9.9,9.9,9.8,9.9,9.9,9.9,9.8,9.9 is nearest to
(a) 0.10 (b) 0.07 (c) 0.01 (d) 0.04
Ans. : (b)

 xi  x 
2
Solution: x xi  x

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10.0 0.1 0.01

10.0 0.1 0.01
9.9 0 0
9.9 0 0
9.8 0.1 0.01
9.9 0 0
9.9 0 0
9.9 0 0
9.8 0.1 0.01
9.9 0 0

99 0.04

where x 
 x  99  9.9
N 10
and standard deviation is

 x  x
2
0.04
 i
  0.066
N 1 9
   0.07

Q67. The diatomic molecule HF has an absorption line in the rotational band at 40 cm 1 for

the isotope 18 F . The corresponding line for the isotope 19

F will be shifted by
approximately
(a) 0.05 cm 1 (b) 0.11cm 1 (c) 0.33 cm 1 (d) 0.01 cm 1
Ans. : (b)
1 18 18
Solution: For 1HF 18 : 2 B1  40 cm 1  B1  20 cm 1 and reduce mass is 1  
1  18 19
119 19
For 1 HF 19 : The reduce mass is 2   and rotational constant is B2 .
1  19 20
B2 1
Since, 
B1 2
1 18 20
 B2   B1    20 cm 1  19.945 cm 1
2 19 19

Thus, 2 B2  39.889 cm 1

Shift in spectral line  2 B1  2 B2  40  39.889  0.11 cm 1

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Q68. The excited state  n  4, l  2  of an election in an atom may decay to one or more of the

lower energy levels shown in the diagram below.

n4
l2

n3
l  0 l 1 l  2

n2
l 1
1
Of the total emitted light, a fraction comes from the decay to the state ( n  2, l  1 ).
4
Based on selection rules, the fractional intensity of the emission line due to the decay to
the state  n  3, l  1

3 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
4 2 4
Ans. 68: (a)
Solution: According to the selection rule for electric I2
4d
dipole, transition is  l  1 , the transition n4
l2
from  n  4, l  2  to  n  3, l  0  and
n3 3s 3d
 n  3, l  2  is forbidden. If I is the intensity
I1
l  0 l 1 l2
2p
of the total emitted light and I1 
I
, therefore, n2
4 l 1

I 3I
I2  I   .
4 4
I2 3
Thus, 
I 4
Q69. The volume of an optical cavity is 1 cm3 . The number of modes it can support within a
bandwidth of 0.1 nm , centered at   500 nm , is of the order of

(a) 103 (b) 105

(c) 1010 (d) 107
Ans. : (c)
Solution: Number of Laser modes
 0.1 109
 8  102  
3
N  8 V  4.02 1010
4  5 10 
4
7
Ti 4 Ba 2  O 2

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Q70. Barium Titanate  BaTiO3  crystal has a cubic perovskite structure, where the Ba 2 ions

are at the vertices of a unit cube, the O 2 ions are at the centres of the faces while the
Ti 2 is at the centre. The number of optical phonon modes of the crystal is
(a) 12 (b) 15
(c) 5 (d) 18
Ans. : (a)
Solution: Effective number of atoms per unit cell is
1 1
neff   8   6  11  1  3  1  5
8 2
Total degree of freedom 5  3  15
The number of Acoustical phonon modes  3
The number of optical phonon modes 15  3  12
Q71. The dispersion relation of optical phonons in a cubic crystal is given by   k   0  ak 2

where 0 and a are positive constants. The contribution to the density of states due to

these phonons with frequencies just below 0 is proportional to

(a) 0    (b) 0    (c) 0    (d) 0   

1/ 2 3/ 2 2

Ans. : (a)
3 3
 L   L 
Solution: g  k  dk    4 k dk  
2
 4 k  kdk
 2   2 
1
Given   0  ak 2  k  0    and d  2akdk
1/ 2

 L  4
3

 g   d    3/ 2  0
 
1/ 2

 2  2a

Thus,     0   
1/ 2

Q72. A silicon crystal is doped with phosphorus atoms. (The binding energy of a H atom
is13.6 eV , the dielectric constant of silicon is 12 and the effective mass of electrons in
the crystal is 0.4 me ). The gap between the donor energy level and the bottom of the
conduction band is nearest to
(a) 0.01 eV (b) 0.08 eV (c) 0.02 eV (d) 0.04 eV
Ans. : (d)

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13.6 M *
Solution: Ed    eV 
 2 Me
13.6
 Ed   0.4  0.04 eV
12 
2

Q73. Assume that pion-nucleon scattering at low energies, in which isospin is conserved is
 
described by the effective interaction potential Veff  F  r  I .I N , where F  r  is a
 
function of the radial separation r and I and I N denote, respectively, the isospin

 I 3/ 2
vectors of a pion and the nucleon. The ratio of the scattering cross-sections
 I 1/ 2
3 1
corresponding to total isospins I  and is
2 2
3 1 5 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 4 4 2
Ans. : None of the options is matched.
Solution: The isospin of pion is I  1

1
The isospin of nucleon is I N 
2
3 1
 Total isospin is I  ,
2 2
There are three different  - mesons
1,1  1,   , 1, 0   0 , 1, 1   

and two nucleons, a proton and a neutron

1 1 1 1
,  P , ,  n
2 2 2 2
3
we can write the states corresponding I 
2
3 3 1 1
,  1,1 ,  p
2 2 2 2

3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 
,  1, 0 ,  1,1 ,    p   n
2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3

3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1  2 0
,  1, 1 ,  1, 0 ,    p   n
2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3

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3 3 1 1
,  1, 1 ,    n
2 2 2 2
2 2
 2  1   1   2
2 2

  I 3 / 2  1             1
2 2

 3  3  3  3
2 1 1 2
 1    1  4
3 3 3 3
1
The states corresponding to I  are
3
1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2  1 0
,  1,1 ,   1, 0 ,   n   p
2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3

1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 0 2 
,  1, 0 ,   1, 1 ,   n   p
2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3
2 2
 2  1   1   1   2
2 2 2

  I 1/ 2             
 3  3   3   3   3 

2 1 1 2
    2
3 3 3 3
 I 3 / 2 4 2
Thus  
 I 1/ 2 2 1
The best possible answer is option (d)
Q74. A nucleus decays by the emission of a gamma ray from an excited state of spin parity 2
to the ground state with spin-parity 0 what is the type of the corresponding radiation?
(a) magnetic dipole (b) electric quadrupole
(c) electric dipole (d) magnetic quadrupole
Ans. : (b)
Solution: I i  2 , I  0

 L  2 and parity change

 The transition is of electric quadrupole  E2  nature.

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Q75. The low lying energy levels due to the vibrational excitations of an even-even nucleus are
shown in the figure below.

0 E4  1.35 MeV
2 E3  1.25 MeV
4 E2  1.17 MeV
 2E

jp E1  0.56 MeV

E

0 E0  0 MeV

The spin-parity j p of the level E1 is

(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 2

Ans. : (d)
Solution: Quadrupole oscillations are the lowest order nuclear vibrational mode. The
quanta of vibrational energy are called phonons. A quadrupole phonon carries 2

units of angular momentum. Therefore, the parity is P   1   ve

2

Also, the even-even ground state is O  . The 1 phonon excited state is 2 . The 2
phonons excited states are 0 , 2 , 4 . Thus correct option is (a)

1.35 ___ 0 

1.25 ____ 2  2 -phonons
1.17 ____ 4 

0.56 ____ 2 :1 -phonon

0 ____ 0 : Ground state

meV

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