SYLLABUS

of
Bachelor of Science (B. Sc.) in Physics (Honours)
Registration Session: 2022-2023

Department of Physics
Faculty of Science

JASHORE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

JASHORE-7408

Submitted To:
University Grants Commission (UGC)

1
Contact Details:
Chairman
Dr. Md. Masum Billah
Address: Office of the Chairman, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jashore University
of Science and Technology, Jashore- 7408
Telephone: 02-42142046
Cell Phone: +8801709818121
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: https://phy.just.edu.bd/

List of Faculty Members

1. Dr. Md. Masum Billah

Assistant professor
B.Sc. (Hons), M.S. (DU) & PhD (Shizuoka University, Japan)

Research Field: Biophysics and Medical Physics

Phone: 01794-563397
E-mail: [email protected]

2. Sheikh Dobir Hossain(On Study Leave)

Assistant Professor
B.Sc. & M.Sc. (IU)

Research Field: Condensed Matter Physics & Microwave Devices

Phone: 01740-197769
E-mail: [email protected]
3. Dr. Md. Alamgir Badsha
Assistant Professor and Chairman (Current Charge)
B.Sc., M.S. (DU) & PhD (Inha University, South Korea)

Research Field: Thin Film Optics, Nano-particle and Polymer Physics

Phone: 01993-314385 , 01749-154555
E-mail: [email protected]
4. Dr. Md. Humaun Kabir
Assistant Professor
B.Sc. & M.S. (DU), PhD (Inha University, South Korea)

Research Field:Nano-networks, MIMO, Radar, Wireless Communications, WBAN,

Cognitive Radio
Phone: 01740-691319
E-mail: [email protected]
5. Rony Mallick(On Study Leave)
Assistant Professor
B.Sc. & M.S. (JnU)

2
 Research Field: Nuclear Physics
Phone: 01775-004998
E-mail: [email protected]
6. Dr. Mohammad Abdur Rashid
Assistant Professor
B.Sc.& M.S. (DU), Pre-PhD Diploma (ICTP, Italy),
PhD (University of Nottingham, UK)

Research Field:Computational Condensed Matter Physics&Materials Science

Phone: 01830-716122
E-mail: [email protected]
7 Md. Abdus Samad(On Study Leave)
Assistant Professor
B.Sc. & M.S. (SUST)

Research Field: Nano-structure Physics

Phone: 01737-638776
E-mail: [email protected]
8. Md. Ohiduzzaman(On Study Leave)
Assistant Professor
B.Sc. & M.Sc. (JnU), M.S. in BMPT (DU)

Research Field: Medical Physics , Nuclear Medicine, Radiation Physics and Renewable
energy
Phone: 01723-711865, 01515-697359
E-mail: [email protected]
9. Md. Faruk Hossain(On Study Leave)
Assistant Professor
B.Sc. & M.Sc. (RU)

Research Field: Nuclear Physics, Reactor based research, Environmental Physics and
Medical Physics
Phone: 01728-856575
E-mail: [email protected]
10. Md. Mehade Hasan(On Study Leave)
Assistant Professor
B.Sc. & M.S. (JU)

Research Field: Health & Radiation Physics

Phone: 01913-083442
E-mail: [email protected]
11. Md. Aziz Ar Rahman (On Study Leave)
Lecturer
B.S. & M.S. (DU)

Research Field: Computational Materials Science

3
 Phone: 01726206472
Email: [email protected]
12 Md. Borhanul Asfia
Lecturer
B.Sc. & M.S. (DU)

Research Field: Thin Films, Computational Condensed Matter Physics.

Phone: 01827841356
Email: [email protected]
13 Sahadat Jaman
Lecturer
B.Sc. & M.S (DU)

Research field: Computational Condensed Matter Physics & Atmospheric Physics

Phone: 01305393126
Email: [email protected]
14 Debashis Roy
Lecturer
B.Sc. & M.S (JU)

Research field: Magnetic Materials, Computational Condensed Matter Physics,

Phone: 01736688802
Email: [email protected]
15 Mohammad Tanvir Ahmed
Lecturer
B.Sc. & M.S (JU)

Research field: Solid State Physics

Phone: 01859500343
Email: [email protected]
16 Abdullah Al Roman
Lecturer
B.Sc. & M.S (JU)

Research field: Computational Condensed Matter Physics

Phone: 01775528875
Email: [email protected]

4
Grading Scale
Each course, irrespective of the credit hours attributed to it, will be graded at a scale of 4.00
(four). Initially the courses will be assessed in 100 to calculate percentage of marks obtained by
the students. Letter Grades and corresponding Grade Points are awarded to the students in
accordance with provision shown below in Table 1.
Table1.The grading system consists of Letter Grading Point Average (GPA), Letter Grade,
corresponding Grade Point of JUST of Science and Technology.

Numerical Grade Letter Grade Grade Point

80% and above A+ 4.00
75% to less than 80% A 3.75
70% to less than 75% A- 3.50
65% to less than 70% B+ 3.25
60% to less than 65% B 3.00
55% to less than 60% B- 2.75
50% to less than 55% C+ 2.50
45% to less than 50% C 2.25
40% to less than 45% C- 2.00
Less than 40% F 0.00

Source: Office of the Controller of Examinations, JUST

1. GPA: Grade Point Average (GPA) is the weighted average of the grade points
obtained in all the courses completed by a student in a semester.
2. CGPA: Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) will be calculated by the weighted
average of previous CGPA and current GPA.
3. F Grades: If a student obtains an 'F' grade his grade will not be counted for GPA and
s/he has to repeat the course. If the same course is not available then the Head of the
department will assign an equivalent course. An 'F' grade will be in his/her record
permanently and s/he will not be eligible for honors or Distinction.
4. Improvement: A student will not be allowed to repeat a course for improvement if
his/her grade is C- or better.

Marks Distribution: The tables below represent the distribution of marks for course assessment
of different type of courses.

Table 2. Distribution of marks for theoretical and Practical courses

No. Description theory courses Marks

5
 i. Class participation/ class attendance 8%
ii. Assignments and mid-semester examinations 20%
iii. Final Examination 72%
Total 100

No. Description of Sessional courses Marks

i. Class participation/ class attendance 10%
ii. Spot test, written exam, filed visit, practical 60%
demonstration, specimen identification, practical
note book etc.
iii. Internal and External viva 30%
Total 100

Source: Office of the Controller of Examinations, JUST

There are two examiners (one is the Supervisor) to examine the thesis. Each examiner will
evaluate the thesis separately and the average marks are considered for grading. However, if the
marks given by the First and Second Examiners vary by 20% or more, a Third Examiner to be
appointed by the concerned Examination Committee from the outside of the University evaluate
the Thesis/Project paper. Among these numbers, average of the closest two numbers are
considered for grading. However, if the marks given by the Third Examiner happen to stand at
the middle of the marks given by the first Two Examiners, the average of the three marks are
considered for grading.
Table 3. Project/Thesis: A thesis is evaluated by two examiners, one is internal examiner
appointed among the Department of Pharmacy and other is external examiner. Thesis paper is
evaluated on the basis of the following marks distribution- Distribution of marks for thesis.

Description Marks
Thesis presentation 40
Project Report Evaluation 60
Total 100

6
Course Schedule
The detailed distribution of courses in four academic years will be as follows:

First Year: Semester I

Hours/Week Credit
Course Code Course Title
Theory + Lab.
PHY 1101 Introduction to Mechanics 3+0 3.0
PHY 1102 Introduction to Mechanics Practical 0+3 1.0
PHY 1103 Properties of Matter 3+0 3.0
PHY 1104 Properties of Matter Practical 0+3 1.0
PHY 1105 Vector Analysis 2+0 2.0
MATH1101 Differential and Integral Calculus 3+0 3.0
CHEM 1101 Inorganic and Organic Chemistry 2+0 2.0
ENG 1101 Communicative English 2+0 2.0
ENG 1102 Communicative English Practical 0+2 1.0
PHY 1100 General Viva- voce -- 1.0
Total 15+8=23 19.0

First Year: Semester II

Course Course Title Hours/Week Credit

Code Theory + Lab.

PHY 1201 Vibrations and Waves 3+0 3.0

PHY 1202 Vibrations and Waves Practical 0+3 1.0
PHY 1203 Electricity and Magnetism 3+0 3.0
PHY 1204 Electricity and Magnetism I Practical 0+3 1.5
MATH1201 Algebra and Geometry 2+0 2.0
MATH1203 Linear Algebra 2+0 2.0
CHEM1201 Physical Chemistry 2+0 2.0
CHEM1202 Chemistry Practical 0+3 1.5

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HUM 1201 Bangladesh Studies 2+0 2.0
PHY 1200 General Viva-voce -- 1.0
Total 14+9=23 19

Second Year: Semester I

Course Course Title Hours/Week Credit

Code Theory + Lab.

PHY 2101 Optics I 3+0 3.0

PHY 2102 Optics I Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 2103 Heat and Thermodynamics 3+0 3.0
PHY 2104 Heat and Thermodynamics Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 2105 Mathematical Physics 3+0 3.0
PHY 2107 Introduction to Computers and 3+0 3.0
Programming
PHY 2108 Introduction to Computers and 0+3 1.5
Programming Practical
MATH2101 Differential Equations 2+0 2.0
STAT 2101 Principles of Statistics 3+0 3.0
PHY 2100 General Viva-voce -- 1.0
Total 17+9=26 22.5

Second Year: Semester II

Course Course Title Hours/Week Credit

Code Theory + Lab.

PHY 2201 Optics II 3+0 3.0

PHY 2202 Optics II Practical 0+3 1.5

PHY 2203 Classical Mechanics I 3+0 3.0

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PHY 2205 Atomic and Molecular Physics 3+0 3.0
PHY 2206 Atomic and Molecular Physics Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 2207 Semiconductor Physics 3+0 3.0
PHY 2208 Semiconductor Physics Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 2209 Numerical Methods 3+0 3.0
PHY 2200 General Viva Voce -- 1.0
Total 15+9=24 20.5

Third Year: Semester I

Course Course Title Hours/Week Credit

Code Theory + Lab.

PHY 3101 Classical Mechanics II 3+0 3.0

PHY 3103 Quantum Mechanics I 3+0 3.0
PHY 3105 Classical Electrodynamics I 3+0 3.0
PHY 3107 Electronics I 3+0 3.0
PHY 3108 Electronics I Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 3109 Special and General Relativity 3+0 3.0
PHY 3112 Computational Physics Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 3100 General Viva-voce -- 1.0
Total 15+6=21 19.0

Third Year: Semester II

Course Course Title Hours/Week Credit

Code Theory + Lab.

PHY 3201 Classical Electrodynamics II 3+0 3.0

PHY 3203 Nuclear Physics I 3+0 3.0
PHY 3204 Nuclear Physics I Practical 0+3 1.5

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PHY 3205 Solid State Physics I 3+0 3.0
PHY 3206 Solid State Physics I Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 3207 Electronics II 3+0 3.0
PHY 3208 Electronics II Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 3209 Statistical Mechanics I 2+0 2.0
PHY 3200 General Viva Voce -- 1.0
Total 14+9=23 19.5

Fourth Year: Semester I

Course Course Title Hours/Week Credit

Code Theory + Lab.

PHY 4101 Quantum Mechanics II 3+0 3.0

PHY 4103 Solid State Physics II 3+0 3.0
PHY 4104 Solid State Physics II Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 4105 Nuclear Physics II 3+0 3.0
PHY 4106 Nuclear Physics II Practical 0+3 1.5
PHY 4107 Geophysics and Non-conventional Energy 3+0 3.0
PHY 4109 Statistical Mechanics II 3+0 3.0
PHY 4110 Industrial Tour -- 0.5
PHY 4100 General Viva-voce -- 1.0
Total 15+6=21 19.5

Fourth Year: Semester II

Course Course Title Hours/Week Credit

Code Theory + Lab./Project

PHY 4201 Quantum Mechanics III 3+0 3.0

PHY 4203 Reactor Physics 3+0 3.0

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PHY 4205 Astrophysics 3+0 3.0
PHY 4207 Medical and Radiation Physics 3+0 3.0
PHY 4208 Medical and Radiation Physics 0+2 1.0
Practical
PHY 4209 Solid State Physics III 3+0 3.0
PHY 4200 General Viva-voce -- 1.0
PHY4000 Project 0+8 4.0
Total 15+10=25 21

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 First Year: First Semester
Introduction to Mechanics

Course Code: PHY 1101 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Measurement of Physical Variables: Basic Measurements; Dimensions of Physical
Variables and Basic Dimensional Analysis.
2. Particle Kinematics and Dynamics: Motion in one dimension; Motion in two and
three dimensions: Projectile Motion, Circular motion; Force and Newton’s laws of
Motion; Frictional Forces; Application of Newton’s Laws.
3. Momentum Conservation and System of Particles: Conservation of Momentum:
Rocket Motion; Centre of Mass and its Motion; Impulse; Collision: Elastic and Inelastic
Collisions in One Dimension.
4. Work, Energy and Power: Work done by Constant and Variable Forces; Conservative
and Non-conservative Forces; Potential Energy; Kinetic Energy; Work- Energy
Theorem; Law of Conservation of Energy; Power.
5. Rotational Motion: Rotational Kinematics; Moment of Inertia; Radius of Gyration;
Torque and Angular Momentum; Conservation of Angular Momentum; Kinetic Energy
of Rotation and Rotational Inertia; Parallel-axis Theorem; Perpendicular- axis Theorem;
Moment of Inertia of Solids of Different Shapes; Motion of a Gyroscope: Precessions.
6. Gravitation: Newton’s Law of Gravitation; Inertial and Gravitational Mass; Variation in
Acceleration due to Gravity; Gravitational Field and Potential; Kepler’s laws of planetary
motion; Escape Velocity; Artificial Satellites; Introduction to GPS.

Tex book and References:

Shankar R. Fundamentals of Physics I

(Mechanics, Relativity & Thermodynamics)
Wolfgang Nolting Theoretical Physics I: Classical Mechanics
Halliday, D and Resnick, R Kranes, Physics Part I
Symon, KR Mechanics
Constant, FW Theoretical Physics (Part I)
Spiegel, MR Theoretical Mechanics
Young, et al University Physics
Puri, SP Mechanics

12
 Introduction to Mechanics Practical

Course Code: PHY 1102 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

S. N Course Content
1. Determine the moment of inertia of a flywheel
2. Calculate the rotational inertia of a ring and disc and also resulting angular acceleration
3. Analyze the Impulse on a Cart in Two Ways:
(i) By Measuring the Change in Velocity (ii) By Finding the Area under a Force Versus
Time Curve.
4. Investigate simple elastic and inelastic collisions in one dimension in order to study the
laws of conservation of momentum and conservation of energy.
5. Validate Newton’s Law of Motion by variation of mass.
6. Determine the value of acceleration due to gravity (g) and radius of gyration (K) of a
compound pendulum.
7. Determine the value of acceleration due to gravity (g), by means of a Kater’s pendulum.
N.B.: In Addition to Above Experiments the Department May Include/Exclude
Experiments.

Book References:

Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics

Squires, GL Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics
Topping, W Errors of Observations

13
 Properties of Matter

Course Code: PHY 1103 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Elasticity: Elastic Properties of Matter; Stress; Strain; Hooke’s Law; Stress-Strain
Diagram; Shear Stress and Shear Strain; Different Moduli of Elasticity for Isotropic
Homogeneous Bodies; Moduli of Elasticity and their Interrelations; Elastic hysteresis;
Variation of Elasticity with Temperature; Torsion of a Cylinder and Spring; Theory of
Bending of Beam; Shearing Force and Bending Moment; Strain Energy of Different
Types of Beams.
2. Hydrostatics and Hydrodynamics: Hydrostatic Pressure; Change of Pressure with
Elevation; Pascal’s law; Hydrostatic Paradox; Thrust on an Immersed Plane; Center of
Pressure; Equilibrium of Floating Bodies; Pressure Gauges and Manometers; Force
against a Dam; Concept of Fluid Motion; Streamline and Turbulent Flow; Critical
Velocity; Reynold’s Number; Equation of Continuity; Bernoulli’s Equations and its
Applications.
3. Surface Tension and Viscosity: Surface Tension and Molecular Phenomenon; Surface
Energy; Pressure difference across a Surface Film; Minimal Surfaces; Angle of Contact;
Capillarity; Factors affecting Surface Tension; Problem of a Floating Needle; Theory of
Ripples, Viscosity; Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Viscosity, Poiseuille’s
Equation for Fluid Flow; Stokes Law

Recommended References:

Halliday, D and Resnick, R Physics Part I

Symon, KR Mechanics
Heuvelen, AV Physics
Constant, FW Theoretical Physics (Part I)
Spiegel, MR Theoretical Mechanics
Young, et al University Physics
Newman, FH and Searle, VHL General Properties of Matter
Mathur, DS Elements of Properties of Matter
Champion, FC and Davy, N Properties of Matter

14
 Properties of Matter Practical

Course Code: PHY 1104 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

SN Course Content
1. Determination of Young’s modulus of a material by the method of bending.
2. Determination of rigidity modulus of a material by the statistical method.
3. Using a flat spring:
i) Verification of Hooke’s law and hence determination of stiffness constant,
ii) Determination of g and the effective mass of the spring.
4. Determination of modulus of rigidity of the material of a spring.
5. Determination of elastic constants (y, n, k,) of the material of a wire by Searle’s
method.
6. Determination of the surface tension of a given liquid by capillary rise method (h-1/r
curve is to be plotted).
7. Determination of the surface tension and angle of contact of a given liquid by
Quincke’s method.
8. Determination of viscosity of a given liquid by capillary flow method.

Books Recommended:
Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics
Squires, GL Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Practical Physics
Nelkon, M and Ogborn, JM Advanced Level Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics
Topping, W Errors of Observations

15
 Vector Analysis

Course Code: PHY 1105 Credit: 2.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Vector Sum and Products: Introduction to Vectors; Vectors Addition; Dot and Cross
Products of Vectors; Scalar Triple Product; Vector Triple Product.
2. Vector Differentiation: Ordinary Derivatives of Vectors; Space Curves; Differentiation
Formulae; Partial Derivatives of Vectors; Differentials of Vectors; Vector Differential
Operator; Gradient, Divergence, Curl and their Physical Significance.
3. Vector Integration: Ordinary Integrals of Vectors; Line Integrals; Surface Integrals;
Volume Integrals.
4. Theorems Relating Different Integrals: The Divergence Theorem of Gauss; Green’s
Theorem; Stokes’ Theorem.
5. Curvilinear Coordinates: Concept of Curvilinear Coordinates; Unit Vectors in
Curvilinear Systems; Rectangular, Spherical Polar and Cylindrical Coordinates and their
relations; Line arc Length, Surface and Volume Elements in Different Coordinates.

Recommended References:

Murray R. Spiegel Vector Analysis and an Introduction to Tensor Analysis

H. Lass Vector and Tensor Calculus
S. M. Farid Introduction to Vectors and Special Functions
W. Nolting Theoretical Physics 1: Classical Mechanics

16
 Differential and Integral Calculus

Course Code: MATH 1101 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1 Functions: Domain; Range; Inverse Function and Graphs of Functions; Limits;
Composite functions, library of function, Continuity and Indeterminate Form.
Expansions of Functions: Rolle’s Theorem; Mean Value; Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s
Formulae.
Extremum of Functions: Maxima and Minima of Functions of Single Variable.

2 Ordinary Differentiation: Differentiability; Differentiation; Successive Differentiation

and Leibniz Theorem.

3 Partial Differentiation: Euler’s Theorem; Tangents and Normal; Asymptotes;

Application of vertical and horizontal asymptotes.

4 Integration: Indefinite Integrals: Method of Substitutions; Integration by Parts; Special

Trigonometric Functions and Rational Fractions; Definite Integrals: Fundamental
Theorem; General Properties; Evaluations of Definite Integrals and Reduction Formulae;
Multiple Integrals: Determination of Lengths, Areas and Volumes.

Recommended References:

Ayres, F Calculus
Das, BC & Mukherjee, BN Differential Calculus
Das, BC & Mukherjee, BN Integral Calculus
Edwards Differential Calculus
Williamson, RE Integral Calculus
Muhammad &Bhattacherjee Differential Calculus V 13, 2015
Muhammad &Bhattacherjee Integral Calculus
James Stewart Calculus

17
 Inorganic and Organic Chemistry

Course Code: CHEM 1101 Credit: 2.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Atomic Structure: Elementary Ideas on Atomic Structure; Electronic Configuration of
Elements.
2. Periodic Classification of Elements: Periodic Table; Electronic Configuration;
Investigation on some Periodic Properties; Atomic Radius; Ionic Radius; Covalent
Radius; Ionization Potential; Electron Affinity; Electronegativity.
3. Group Study of Elements: Alkali Metals; Alkaline Earth Metals; Halogens; Inert Gases
and Transition Elements.
4. Chemical Bond: Elementary Different Types of Chemical Bonding; Hybridization of
Atomic Orbitals and Shapes of Molecules; Molecular Orbitals; Bond Length and Bond
Strength; Coordination Compounds.
5. Aliphatic Compounds: Nomenclature of Organic Compounds; Preparation and
Properties of Alkane; Alkene; Alkine; Alcohols; Halides; Aldehydes; Ketones and
Carboxylic Acids; Coordination Compounds.
6. Aromatic Compounds: Aromaticity; Orientations; Preparations and Properties of
Benzene; Phenol; Nitrobenzene and Aniline; Elementary Idea on Alicyclic and
Heterocyclic Compounds.

Recommended References:

Madan, R D Modern Inorganic Chemistry

Esmarch S Gilreath Fundamental Concepts in Inorganic Chemistry
Haider, SZ Modern Inorganic Chemistry
Audrey L Companion Chemical Bonding
F Albert Cotton, Geoffrey Wilkinson, Paul Basic Inorganic Chemistry
L Gaus
Donald K Sebera Electronic Structure and Chemical Bonding
Morrison, RT and Boyd, RN Organic Chemistry
Finar, IL Organic Chemistry, Vol. I
Bahl, BS and Arun Bahl A Textbook of Organic Chemistry

18
 Communicative English

Course Code: ENG 1101 Credit: 2.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

S. N Course Content
1. Introduction: Grammar; Phonetics; Vocabulary Building.

2. Developing Writing and Reading Skills: Sentences, Classifications of Sentences;

Generating Sentences, Sentence Clarity and Correctness. Linking Sentences to Form,
Paragraphs, Paragraph with Specific Details and Examples, Essay Structures, Thesis
Sentences, Writing Good Introduction and Conclusions, Letter Writing, Strategies of
Reading, Skimming, Scanning, Predicting Analyzing and Interpreting Variety of Texts
Type.

3. Listening and Note Taking: Listening to Recorded Texts and Class Lectures and
Learning to Take useful Notes Based on the Listening.

4. Developing Speaking Skills: Different methods for developing spoken skills in English
for communication purpose as a foreign language.

5. Scientific Report Writing: Distinctive Features of Scientific Writings: Figures, Tables,

Equations, Captions, Numbering, Title and Section Headings; Professional Research
Reporting: Author, Affiliation, Keyword, References.

Reference Books:

SchrampferAzar Basic English Grammar

E.G.Myall A Comprehensive Grammar of Current English
Betty Azar Pearson Fundamentals of English Grammar
Martin Hewings Advanced Grammar in Use With answers
Loes Van Communicating Handbook
Simon Sweeney English for Business Communication Student's Book
Nell Ann Pickett Technical English: Writing, Reading and Speaking (8th Edition)
Mark Ibbotson Professional English in Use Engineering with Answers: Technical
English for Professionals

19
 Communicative English Practical

Course Code: ENG 1102 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: 02 CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

S. N Course Content
1. Practical on Developing Writing and Reading Skills: Sentences, Classifications of
Sentences; Generating Sentences, Sentence Clarity and Correctness. Linking Sentences
to Form, Paragraphs, Paragraph with Specific Details and Examples, Essay Structures,
Thesis Sentences, Writing Good Introduction and Conclusions, Letter Writing, Strategies
of Reading, Skimming, Scanning, Predicting Analyzing and Interpreting Variety of Texts
Type.

2. 2. Practical on Listening and Note Taking: Listening to Recorded Texts and Class
Lectures and Learning to Take Useful Notes Based on the Listening.

3. 3. Practical on Developing Speaking Skills: Different methods for developing

Speaking skills in English for communication purpose as a foreign language.

Reference Books:

Schrampfer Azar Basic English Grammar

E.G. Myall A Comprehensive Grammar of Current English
Betty Azar Pearson Fundamentals of English Grammar

General Viva-voce

Course Code: PHY1100 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

Students have to take an oral test entitled ‘General Viva- voce’ of one (1.00) credit on all
theoretical courses of 1st year 1st semester.

20
 First Year: Second Semester

Vibrations and Waves

Course Code: PHY1201 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

S. N Course Content

1. Free Vibration: Harmonic Motion; Boundary Conditions; Phase differences; Vector

diagrams; Velocity and Acceleration; Energy of a Harmonic Oscillator; Combination of
two Vibrations at Right Angles; Lissajous Figures and their applications; Physical and
Torsional Pendulums.

2. Damped and Forced Vibration: Damped Vibration; Damping Forces; Logarithmic

Decrement; Relaxation Time and Quality (Q) Factor; Electromagnetic Damping; Forced
Vibration; Steady State and Transient Solutions; Resonance.

3. Coupled Oscillators and Normal Modes: Coupled Oscillators; Normal Coordinates

and Normal Modes; Forced Vibration of a Coupled Oscillator; N-Coupled Oscillators.

4. Fundamentals of Waves: Wave Motion; Types of Waves; Wave Generation; Wave

Equation and Solution; Progressive Wave Stationary Waves; Energy Power and Speed
of Traveling Waves; Plane and Spherical Waves, Phase Velocity and Group Velocity.

5. Sound Waves and Acoustics: Sources of sound waves; Propagation and Speed of
Sound in Fluid and Solid Media; Principle of Superposition; Doppler effect; Beats;
General Idea of Acoustics, Architectural Acoustics, Audible, ultrasonic and infrasonic
waves; Musical Sound; Recording and Reproduction of Sound, Reverberation.

Reference Books:

Pain, HJ Physics of Vibrations and Waves

Main, IG Vibrations and Waves in Physics
Pippard, AB The Physics of Vibration
Halliday, D and Resnick, R Fundamentals of Physics
Smith W.F Waves and Oscillations: A Prelude to Quantum
Mechanics

21
 Vibrations and Waves Practical

Course Code: PHY1202 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

SN Course Content
1. Determination of the Variation of the Frequency of a Tuning Fork with the Length of a
Sonometer (n-l curve) under Given Tension and Hence the Unknown Frequency of a
Tuning Fork.
2. Verification of the Laws of Transverse Vibration of a Stretched String by Sonometer.
3. Verification of the Laws of Transverse Vibration of String and to Determine the
Frequency of a Turning Fork by Melde’s Experiment.
4. Determination of the Velocity of Sound in Air by Resonance Column Method.
5. Verification of the Laws of Vibrating String by Melde’s Experiment.
6. Determination of the Velocity of Sound by Acoustic Transducer.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics

Din, K and Matin, MA Practical Physics
Nelkon, M and Ogborn, JM Advanced Level Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics
Topping, W Errors of Observations
Chawdhury, SA and Basak, AK (Bangla) Byaboharik Padartha Vidya
Arora, C.L. B.Sc. Practical Physics
Harnam Singh B.Sc. Practical Physics
Kalimuddin B.Sc. Practical Physics

22
 Electricity and Magnetism
Course Code: PHY 1203 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Electrostatics: Quantization of Electric Charge; Coulomb’s Law; Superposition
Principle; Electric Field; Electric Potential and Potential Function; Gauss’ Law and its
Applications; Field Due to Electric Dipole and Quadrupole; Electric Field in Dielectric
Media; Polarization; Gauss’ Law of Dielectrics; Permittivity; Capacitors and
Capacitance.
2. DC Circuits: Electric Current: DC and AC Currents; Ohm’s Law; Current Density, Drift
velocity; Conductivity; Resistivity; Wheatstone bridge; Kirchhoff’s Laws and their
Applications; RC circuit.
3. Magnetic Fields and Interactions: Magnetic Force on Charge and Current, Magnetic
Dipole; Magnetic Effects of Current; Moving Coil Galvanometers: Dead Beat and
Ballistic Galvanometers; Biot-Savart Law and its Applications; Ampere’s Law and its
applications. Lorentz Force; Faraday’s and Lenz’s Laws; Self and Mutual Induction;
Solenoids and Toroids, Concept of Electric Generator and Motors.
4. Alternating Current: Average and rms values of AC; Power and Power Equations;
Impedance, Reactance in AC Circuits; Vector Diagram and Use of Complex Quantities;
Polar Representations of AC Circuits; Growth and Decay of Current in the Circuits of L,
C and R Combinations: RC Circuit, LC Circuit, Resonance and Anti-Resonance in LRC
Circuits; Q Factor; Transformers; AC Measuring Instruments.

Books Recommended:
Purcell, EM & David J Morin Electricity and Magnetism
W. Nolting TH 3: Electrodynamics
David Griffiths Introduction to Electrodynamics
Reitz, Christy & Milford Foundation of Electromagnetic Theory
Franklin J. Classical Electromagnetism
Wangsness RK Electromagnetic Fields
Wazed Miah, MA Fundamentals of Electromagnetics
Islam, AKMA et al. Tarit Chumbak Tatwa O Adhunik Padartha Vijnan
Young, HD et al. University Physics
Duffin, WJ Electricity and Magnetism
Page, L and Adams, NI Principles of Electrical Technology
Theraja, BL Text Book of Electrical Technology
Agarwal, JP Circuit Fundamentals and Basic Electronics
Robert L. Boylestad Introductory Circuit Analysis

23
 Electricity and Magnetism Practical
Course Code: PHY 1204 Credit: 1.5
Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

SN Course Content
1. Determination of specific resistance by the method of Half-Deflection.
2. Determination of the end-corrections of a metre bridge.
3. Determination of the specific resistance of a wire using a metre bridge.
4. Determination of the value of unknown resistance and to verify the laws of series and
parallel resistances by means of a Post Office Box.
5. Determination of the internal resistance of a cell using a Potentiometer
6. Determination of Galvanometer Constant (Deflection vs. Current Curve is to be Plotted).
7. To Study the Variation of Reactances due to L and C with Frequencies and Hence Find
the Condition of Resonance from the (X-f) Curves.
8. Vector Representation of Voltages in an AC Circuit Containing L, C and R and Study of
the Variation of Phases with Frequency.
9. Representation of Voltages in an AC Circuit Containing L.

Books Recommended:
Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Practical Physics
Nelkon, M and Ogborn, JM Advanced Level Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics
Topping, W Errors of Observations
Chawdhury, SA and Basak, AK (Bangla) Byaboharik Padartha Vidya

Algebra and Geometry

Course Code: MATH 1201 Credit: 2.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Sets and subsets: Set operations, family of sets, De Morgan’s laws, Venn diagram

24
 2. Elements of logic: Mathematical statements, logical connectives, conditional and
biconditional statements, truth tables and tautologies, logical implication and
equivalence.
3. Theory of Equations: Theorems and Relation between Roots and Coefficients; Solution
of Cubic Equations
4. Hyperbolic Functions: Hyperbolic functions and their relations to trigonometric
functions
5. Co-ordinates: Co-ordinate system, Transformation of co-ordinates.
6. Transformations: Change of axes, Translation, Invariants, Analyzing an equation using
a rotation (identify and sketch).

7. General equation of second degree: Reduction to standard form and Identification of

conics.

8. Circles: Circles, System of circles, Tangent, Normal.

9. Parabola: Derivation of standard forms and their properties of parabola and equations in
different co-ordinates systems and their parametric representations.

10. Ellipse: Derivation of standard forms, Properties of ellipse and equations in different co-
ordinates systems and their parametric representations.
11. Direction ratios: Derivation of standard forms, Properties of hyperbola and equations in
different co-ordinates systems and their parametric representations.
12. Multidimensional Geometry: Straight lines, Planes, Spheres and Cones.

Books Recommended:

Bemard and Child Higher Algebra

Smith, C Analytic Geometry and Conic Sections
Bamside and Pantion Theory of Equations
Hall, HS and Knight, SR Higher Algebra
Askwith, HH Analytic Geometry and Conic Sections
Khanna, ML Coordinate Geometry
Bell, JT A Treatise of Three-Dimensional Geometry
Vashishta and Agarwal Analytic Solid Geometry
Smith, C Elementary Treatise on Solid Geometry

25
 Linear Algebra

Course Code: MATH 1203 Credit: 2.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Matrix Theory and Linear Algebra in R": Systems of linear equations; Gauss
elimination, and consistency; Subspaces of R", linear dependence, and dimension.
Matrices; elementary row operations; row-equivalence, and row space; Systems of linear
equations as matrix equations; and the invariance of its solution set under row-
equivalence; Row-reduced matrices; row-reduced echelon matrices; row-rank, and using
these as tests for linear dependence; The dimension of the solution space of a system of
independent homogeneous linear equations.
2. General Vector Spaces: Definition of a Vector Space; Subspaces; Linear Independence
and dependence, Bases; co-ordinatization of Vectors; Linear Transformations.
3. Determinants and Eigenvectors of Matrices: Areas, Volumes and Cross Products;
Determinants; Cramer's Rule. Eigenvalues; Eigenvectors and Eigenspaces;
Diagonalization; Applications.
4. Orthogonality: Projections; The Gram-Schmidt Process; Orthogonal Matrices;
Projection Matrices.

Books Recommended:
Howard Anton Elementary Linear algebra
Barnard and Child Higher Algebra (Mac Millan)
Burnside & Panton Theory of Equations (S. Chand)
Neal H. Mckoy Theory of Numbers (Macmillan)
Birkhoff & Maclane A Survey of Modern Algebra (Mac Millan)
Chatterjee,B. C Abstract Algebra, Vol. I (Das Gupta)
Mapa, S Higher Algebra, Vol. I
Roy &Lahiri Higher Algebra

26
 Physical Chemistry
Course Code: CHEM 1201 Credit: 2.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
Chemical Equilibrium: Law of Mass Action; Thermodynamic Derivation of Law of
1. Mass Action; Effects of Temperature; Pressure and Concentration on Chemical
Equilibrium; Relationship between KP and KC; Temperature Dependence of Equilibrium
Constant.
2. Chemical Kinetics: Order and Molecularity; Rate Equations for First and Second Order
Reactions; Arrhenius Equation and Energy of Activation; Collision Theory; Catalysis:
Definition, Characteristics, Promoter and Poisoning; Industrial Examples of Catalysis.
3. Surface Chemistry and Colloids: Adsorption; Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm;
Determination of Surface Area; Colloids– Classification; Preparation; Purification;
Properties and Importance; Elementary Ideas about Emulsion and Gels.
4. Colligative Properties: Lowering of Vapor Pressure; Roult’s Law; Elevation of Boiling
Point; Depression of Freezing Point; Osmotic Pressure; Molecular Weight of Non-
Volatile Substances.
5. Electrochemistry: Electrolytic Dissociation; Electrolytic Conductance; Ostwald’s
Dilution Law; Faraday’s Law of Electrolysis; Configuration of Electrochemical Cell;
EMF of a Cell; Standard EMF of a Cell; The Nernst Equation; Electrode Potential;
Standard Electrode Potential; Measurement of EMF.

Recommended References:

Haque, MM and Nawab, MA Principles of Physical Chemistry

Barrow, GM Physical Chemistry
Moore, WJ Physical Chemistry
Keith J Laidler, John H Meiser Physical Chemistry
Palit, SR Elementary Physical Chemistry
ArunBahl and Bahl, BS and Tuli, GD Essential of Physical Chemistry

27
 Chemistry Practical

Course Code: CHEM 1202 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
1. Exp: Purification of Organic Compounds by Re-Crystallization, Distillation and
Fractional Distillation.
2. Exp: Preparations of Some Organic Compounds by Conventional Method (Green
Approach).
3. Exp: Standardization of NaOH Solution with Standard Oxalic Acid Solution.
4. Exp: Standardization of Hydrochloric Acid with Standard NaOH Solution
5. Exp: Standardization of Potassium Permanganate Solution with Standard Sodium
Oxalate Solution.
6. Exp: Determination of Ferrous Ion in a Solution by Standard KMnO4Solution.
7. Exp: Gravimetric Analysis: Determination of Ca as Oxalate, Sulphate as BaSO4, Ni as
Dimethylglyoxamate, Phosphate as Ammonium Magnesium Phosphate, Na as Sulphate,
Nitrate, Cl as AgCl, Cobalt as K3Co(NO2).
8. Exp: Purification and Preparation of Inorganic Compounds:
i) Purification of Commercial NaCl by Re-Crystallization and Salting out Process.
ii) Preparation of Feroussulphate, Mohr’s salt, Potash alum, Chrome Alum, Sodium
Carbonate, Sodium Cobaltininrate.

Recommended Books:

Vogel, AI A text book of practical organic Chemistry

Vogel, AI A text book of Macro and semi-micro Qualitative Inorganic Analysis
Vogel, AI Text book of Quantitative Analysis
Christian, G D Analytical chemistry
Sharma, KK An Introduction of Practical Chemistry
Muhler, JC et. al. Introduction to Experimental Chemistry

28
 Bangladesh Studies

Course Code: HUM 1201 Credit: 2.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Land and People of Bangladesh: A brief history, Ethnological origin, Culture,
Language, Religion, Occupation/Profession, Population, Climate.
2. Emergence of Bangladesh: Economic factors, Political factors: Language movement
(1952), Mass upsurge (1969), Independence of Bangladesh (1971).
3. Political History in Bangladesh: Forms of Government since independence,
Introduction to Bangladesh Constitution, Democracy in Bangladesh, Administrative
system in Bangladesh.
4. Resources in Bangladesh: Soil, Water, Forest; Importance of resources; Conservation
of nature; Conservation of resources.
5. Economy of Bangladesh: Introduction to Bangladesh economy, Agriculture, Industry,
Services, Contribution of women in national economy.
6. Patriotism & Ethical studies: Basic concepts of patriotism, Ethical Studies and Moral
Development.

Recommended Books:

Political History of Bangladesh Dr. Mohammed Hannan

The economy of Bangladesh Azizur Rahman Khan
Muslim Community in Bengal 1884-1912 Sufia Ahmed
Ethics Dietrich Bonhoeffer (Touchstone)
Bangladesh: Pursuing Common Goals: World Bank
Strengthening Relations between
Government and Development NGOs

General Viva-voce

Course Code: PHY1200 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

Students have to take an oral test entitled ‘General Viva- voce’ of one (1.00) credit on all
theoretical courses of 1st year 1st semester.

29
 Second Year: First Semester

Optics I
Course Code: PHY 2101 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Basic Principles: Historical Notes on Optics, Nature of Light; Wave theory of light;
Electromagnetic Spectrum and Energy; Reflection and Refraction; Fermat’s Principle;
Wavefront and Huygens principle.
2. Matrix Methods: Introduction; Refraction and Translation; Translation Matrix;
Refractive Index; System Matrix; Position of the Image Plane; Magnification; System
Matrix for Thick and Thin Lens; Cardinal Points of an Optical System; System Matrix
for Two Thin Lenses.
3. Aberrations: Seidel aberrations; Spherical aberration, Coma; astigmatism; Curvature of
field; Distortion; spherical surfaces; Chromatic aberration; Achromatic doublets; GRIN
systems.
4. Optical Instruments: Introduction; The eye; Camera; Size of an Object; The Simple
Magnifier; Field of View; Stops and Pupils; Objective and Eyepiece, Compound
Microscope; Telescopes.

Recommended References:

Hecht, E Optics
Jenkins, FA and White, HE Principles of Optics
Ghatak, A Optics
Meyer-Arendt Introduction to Classical & Modern Optics
Heavens, OS Insight Into Optics
Longhurst, RS Geometrical & Physical Optics
Svelto, O and Hanna, DO Principles of Lasers
Born and Wolf Principles of Optics
Bruno Rossi Optics
Pedrotti, Frank L., Pedtotti LM, Introduction to Optics
Pedrotti LS

30
 Optics I Practical
Course Code: PHY 2102 Credit: 1.5
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
1. Determination of the focal length and hence the power of a convex lens by
displacement method with the help of an optical bench.
2. Determination of refractive indices of thick and thin prisms.
3. Determination of radius of curvature of a given lens by newton’s ring method and
verify the result by Spherometer.
4. Determination of dispersive power of a prism by optical bench method.
5. Determination of refractive index of liquid by optical pin method
6. Determination of the Cauchy’s Constant and the resolving power of a prism using a
spectrometer.

Books Recommended:
Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics
Squires, GL Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Practical Physics
Nelkon, M and Ogborn, JM Advanced Level Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics
Topping, W Errors of Observations

Heat and Thermodynamics

Course Code: PHY 2103 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Heat and Temperature: Concept of Heat and Temperature; The Macroscopic and
Microscopic systems; Thermal Equilibrium and Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics; Low
and High Temperature Measurement and Establishment of Temperature Scales;
Absolute Scale; International Scale; Different Types of Thermometers; Seebeck effect,
Peltier effect, Joule-Thomson Effect; Thermocouple.
2. Kinetic Theory of Gases: Basic Assumptions; Concept of Pressure and Temperature;
Equation of State of an Ideal Gas; Brownian Motion; Mean Free Path; Degrees of
freedom; Equipartition of Energy; Real Gases and Intermolecular Forces; Van der
Waal’s Equation of State; Thermal Conductivity; Thermal Diffusion.

31
 3. Thermodynamic Processes and First Law of Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic
Systems; Thermodynamic Equilibrium; Reversible and Irreversible Processes; Heat and
Works; Internal Energy; First Law of Thermodynamics and its applications.
4. Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy: Second Law of Thermodynamics;
Carnot’s Cycle; Heat Engine and Refrigerators; Entropy; Change of Entropy in
Reversible and Irreversible Processes; Clausius Inequality.
5. General Thermodynamic Relations and Applications: Thermodynamic Potentials;
Maxwell Relations; Clausius-Clapeyron Equation; Phase Transitions; Gibbs Phase Rule;
Third Law of Thermodynamics; Correction for the surface.

Recommended References:
Zemansky, MW Heat and Thermodynamics
Shroeder D.V. Thermal Physics
W. Nolting Theoretical Physics 5: Thermodynamics
Hossain, T Text Book on Heat
Saha, MN and Srivastava, BK A Treatise on Heat
Roberts, JK and Miller, AR Heat and Thermodynamics
Sears, FW and Salinger, GL Thermodynamics: Kinetic Theory and Statistical
Mechanics
Miah, W Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
Finn, CBP Thermal Physics
Reif, F Fundamentals of Thermal Physics
Hoare, FE Textbook of Thermodynamics

Heat and Thermodynamics Practical

Course Code: PHY 2104 Credit: 1.5
Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
1. Determination of Specific Heat of Solid with Radiation Correction.
2. Determination of specific heat of a liquid by the method of cooling.
3. Determination of Thermal Conductivity of a Bad Conductor.
Determination of coefficient of thermal conductivity of a metal using Searle’s
4.
apparatus.
5. Determination of Latent heat of fusion of ice with radiation correction.
6. Calibration of a Thermocouple and determination of unknown temperature.
Determination of the Ratio of the Specific Heats of a Gas by Clement and Desorme’s
7. Apparatus.
8. Determination of J by Callendar and Barnes Apparatus (with radiation correction).

32
Recommended Books:

Ahmed, GU and Nasrin,F Advanced Practical Physics

Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics
Nelkon, M and Ogborn, JM Advanced Level Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Advanced Practical Physics

Mathematical Physics
Course Code: PHY 2105 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Complex Variables: Complex Differentiation and Derivatives; Analytic Functions;
Cauchy-Riemann Equations; Cauchy’s-Goursat Theorem; Cauchy’s Integral Formula
and its Extension; Residues at a Pole and at Infinity; Residue Theorems; Definite
Integrals.
2. Special Functions: Gamma and Beta Functions; Bessel’s Functions; Legendre
Function-Legendre and Associated Legendre Polynomials; Hermite Polynomials;
Laguerre Polynomials; Dirac Delta Function; Hypergeometric Functions;
3. Fourier Series and integral transforms: Fourier Series; The Dirichlet Conditions; The
Fourier Coefficients; Symmetry Considerations; Discontinuous Functions; Non-periodic
Functions; Integration and Differentiation; Application of Fourier Series; Complex
Fourier series; Parseval’s Theorem, Fourier and Laplace Transforms.
4. Tensor Analysis: Definition of Tensor; Importance of Tensor in Physics; Rank;
Transformation of Coordinates; Covariant and Contravariant Tensors; Transformation of
Coordinates; Einstein Summation Convention; Metric Tensor; Christoffel Symbols.

Recommended Books:
Farid, SM Introduction to Vectors and Special Functions
Margenau, H and Murphy, GM Mathematics of Physics and Chemistry
Churchill,RV et al Complex Variables and Applications
Spiegel, MR Complex Variables
Spiegel, MR Vector Analysis and an Intro. to Tensor Analysis
Pipes, L and Harvill, LR Applied Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists
Needham T Visual Complex Analysis
Andrews LC Special Functions of Mathematics for Engineers
W.W. Bell Special Functions for Scientists & Engineers

33
 Introduction to Computers and Programming

Course Code: PHY 2107 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Programming Fundamentals: Computer Languages; Machine language; Assembly
language; High level language; Flow Chart and Algorithms.
2. C++ Fundamentals: An Overview of C/C++ Programming; Identifiers and Key words,
Data Types; Constants; Variable and Arrays; Declarations; Expressions; Statements;
Symbolic Constants.
3. Operators and Expressions: Arithmetic Operations; Increment and Decrement; Unary
Operators; Relation and Logical Operators; Assignment Operators; Type Conversion in
Assignments; Multiple Assignments; Conditional Operator; Library Functions.
4. Data Input and Output: Single Character Input; Single Character Output; Entering
Input Data; Writing Output Data.
5. Control Statements: “if” Statement; “if-else” Statements; “Nested if” Statements; “for”
Loop; “while” Loop; “do-while” Loop; Nested Loops; “switch” Statement; “continue”
Statement; “break” Statement; “goto” Statement.
6. Functions: Defining Functions; Accessing Functions; Passing Argument to Functions;
Recursion; Function Prototypes.
7. Arrays and Pointers: Declaring Arrays; Initializing Arrays; Processing Arrays; Passing
Arrays to a Function; Multidimensional Arrays; String; Building Arrays of String,
Pointers.

Books Recommended:
Norton, P Peter Norton’s Introduction to Computers
Hutchinson, SE & Sawyer, SE Computer and Information System
Schildt, H Turbo C/C++
Hubbard Programming with C++

Introduction to Computers and Programming Practical

Course Code: PHY 2108 Credit: 1.5
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

S. N Course Content
1. To Study the Algorithm and Flowchart of C++ Language.
2. Coding and applications of C++ Language.
N. B. According to the theoretical contents of Nuclear Physics I, the practical will be conducted.

34
Books Recommended:
Schildt, H Turbo C/C++
Hubbard Programming with C++

Differential Equations

Course Code: MATH 2101 Credit: 2.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Basic Concepts: Classification of Differential Equations, Their
Solutions; Initial-value Problems; Boundary-value Problems; Existence of Solutions.
2. First Order Differential Equations: Exact Differential Equations and Integrating
Factors; Separation of Variables, Homogeneous and Linear Equations.
3. Higher Order Linear Differential Equations: Basic Theory of Linear Differential
Equations; The Homogeneous Linear Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients.
4. Non-homogeneous Differential Equations: The Method of Undetermined Coefficients;
Variation of Parameters.
5. Series Solutions of Linear Differential Equations: Power Series Solutions about an
Ordinary Point; Frobenious Method, Series Solutions about Regular Singular Points.
6. Partial Differential Equations: Basic Concepts and applications of Partial Differential
Equations.

Recommended References:
Ross, S. L. Differential Equations
Simmons, G. F. Differential Equations
Ayres, F. Differential Equations
Piaggio, H. T. H An Elementary Treatise on Differential Equations.
Ghosh K. R. An Introduction to differential equation

Principles of Statistics
Course Code: STAT 2101 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

35
SN Course Content
1. Statistics: Meaning and Scope; Variables and Attributes; Collection and Presentation of
Statistical Data; Frequency Distribution and Graphical Representation.
2. Univariate Distribution: Location; Dispersion and their Measures; Skewness; Kurtosis
and their Measures; Moment and Cumulants Density Function; Distribution Function;
Moment and Cumulant Generating Function; Binomial, Poisson, Normal Distributions
and their Properties
3. Element of Probability: Sample Space; Events; Union and Intersection of Events;
Probability of Events; Frequency Limit and Probability.
4. Bivariate Distribution: Bivariate Quantitative Data; Scatter Diagram, Marginal and
Conditional Distributions; Correlation; Regression; Partial and Multiple Correlations;
Rank Correlation.
5. Linear Regression: Linear Regression Involving Nonrandom Variables; Principle of
Least Squares; Lines of Best Fit; Residual Analysis.
6. Large Sample Test of Significance: Basic Ideas about Sampling Distribution;
Population and Sample; Tendency of Normality of Statistics; Standard Errors of Mean,
Variance and Proportion; Test of Significance in Large Sample; Comparison of Means;
Proportions and Variances; Correlation and Regression Coefficients.

Books Recommended:
Anderson, AJB Interpreting Data
Arley, N and Buch, KR Intro. to the Theory of Probability and Statistics
Bulmer, MG The Elements of Probability Theory
David, FN A First Course in Statistics
Feller, W Introduction Statistics
Hoel, PG Introduction to probability Theory
Lindley, DV Introductory to Probability and Statistics
Wonnacot and Wonnacot Introductory Statistics
Lipschutz, S Probability

General Viva-voce

Course Code: PHY 2100 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

Students have to take an oral test entitled ‘General Viva- voce’ of one (1.00) credit on all
theoretical courses of 2nd year 1st semester.

36
 Second Year: Second Semester

Optics II
Course Code: PHY 2201 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Interference of light: Superposition of vector fields; Division of wave front and
amplitude; Young’s experiment; Fresnel bi-prism; Haidinger and Fizeau fringes; Colors
in Thin Film; Newton’s rings; Michelson interferometer.
2. Multiple-beam Interference: Multiple reflections from a plane-parallel plate; Fabry-
Perot interferometer; Free spectral range and chromatic resolving power; Antireflection
coatings; Interference filter; examples.
3. Fraunhofer diffraction: Fraunhofer diffraction from a single, double and multiple slits;
Circular aperture; Resolution of imaging systems; Diffraction grating; Transmission and
reflection gratings; Spectrometer, its resolving power.
4. Fresnel diffraction: Fresnel zone plate and Fresnel lens; Rectangular aperture; Fresnel
integrals; Cornu’s spiral; Fresnel diffraction by slit, Kirchhoff’s Integral theorem.
5. Polarization: Polarized and Unpolarized Light, Classification of Polarized Light;
Brewster’s law; Malus’ law; Polarization by reflection; Birefringence; Birefringent
crystal; Optic axis; Birefringence in negative and positive uni-axial crystals, full wave,
half- wave and quarter-wave plates; Nicole prisms, Optical activity.

Recommended References:
Hecht, E Optics
Jenkins, FA and White, HE Principles of Optics
Ghatak, A Optics
Meyer-Arendt Introduction to Classical & Modern Optics
Heavens, OS Insight Into Optics
Longhurst, RS Geometrical & Physical Optics
Svelto, O and Hanna, DO Principles of Lasers
Born and Wolf Principles of Optics
Bruno Rossi Optics
Pedrotti, Frank L., Pedtotti LM, Pedrotti Introduction to Optics
LS

37
 Optics II Practical
Course Code: PHY 2202 Credit: 1.5
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
1. Determination of wavelength of light by diffraction through a single slit.
2. Determination of wavelength of light by biprism.
3. Determination of wavelength by plane diffraction grating
4. Determination of resolving power of a grating.
5. Determination of the diameter of a wire by diffraction.
6. Determination of the polarizing angle for the glass prism surface and to determine the
refractive index of the material using Brewster’s law.
7. Calibration of a polarimeter and hence to determine the specific rotation of a sugar
solution by means of a polarimeter.

Books Recommended:
Hecht, E Optics
Jenkins, FA and White, HE Principles of Optics
Ghatak, A Optics
Brijlal, L A Text Book of Optics
Meyer-Arendt Introduction to Classical & Modern Optics
Heavens, OS Insight Into Optics
Longhurst, RS Geometrical & Physical Optics
Svelto, O and Hanna, DO Principles of Lasers
Born and Wolf Principles of Optics
Bruno Rossi Optics
Pedrotti, Frank L., Pedtotti LM, Introduction to Optics
Pedrotti LS

Classical Mechanics I

Course Code: PHY 2203 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Review of Newtonian Mechanics: Motion of a System of Particles (Newton’s law,
conservation of momentum and energy).
Lagrangian Formulation: Generalised coordinates; constraints; degrees of freedom;
D’Alembert’s Principle and Lagrange’s Equations for Conservative and Holonomic

38
 Systems; variational principle; Some Techniques of the Calculus of Variations;
Hamilton’s Principle for Conservative and Holonomic Systems and Lagrange’s
Equations; Extension of Hamilton’s Principle to Non-Conservative and Non-
Holonomic Systems and Lagrange’s Equation; Conservation Theorems; Lagrange's
equation; Lagrange's equation from Hamilton's principle; Applications of Lagrange’s
Equations.
2. Two-Body Central Force Problems: Reduction to equivalent one-body problem,
Definition and Characteristics of Central Force; Equations of Motion; Center of Mass
and Laboratory Coordinate Systems; Motion under Inverse-Square Law of Force
equations of orbits; Elastic Scattering Problem in the Laboratory and Center of Mass
Systems.
3. Rigid Bodies: Dynamics of rigid bodies; degrees of freedom; matrix representation of
rotations; Independent Coordinates of a Rigid Body; Orthogonal Transformations;
Formal Properties of the Transformation Matrix; Euler’s Angles; Infinitesimal
Rotations; Rate of Change of a Vector; Coriolis Force and its Effects; Euler Equations
of Motion; Force Free Motion; Motion of Symmetric Tops.

Books Recommended:
Goldstein, G Classical Mechanics
Rana, NC and Joag, PS Classical Mechanics
Hund, JN and Finch, JD Analytical Mechanics
Constant, FW Theoretical Physics
Spiegel, MR Theoretical Mechanics
Gupta, KC Mechanics of Particle & Rigid Bodies
Leech, JW Classical Mechanics
W. Nolting Theoretical Physics II: Analytical Mechanics

Atomic and Molecular Physics

Course Code: PHY 2205 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Atomic Models: Nucleus, Rutherford scattering experiment, Rutherford’s Nuclear
Atom; The Bohr Model and the Structure of Atoms; Atomic Spectra; Atomic Excitation;
The Franck-Hertz Experiment; The Correspondence Principle; Correction for Nuclear
Motion.
2. Wave-Particle Duality: Photoelectric Effect; Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation and its
Experimental Verification; de Broglie Waves; The Complementary Principle;
Experimental Verification of Particle Waves, Uncertainty Principle and its Applications.

39
 3. X-Rays: Production and Properties of X-Rays; Continuous and Characteristic X-Rays;
X-Ray Spectra; Moseley’s Law; Compton Effect.
4. Electron Spin and Complex Atoms: Exclusion Principle; Hund’s rule; Periodic Table;
Stern-Gerlach Experiment; Spin-Orbit Interaction – Fine Structure; Angular Momentum
of Atoms; Atomic Spectra; Zeeman Effect, Stark Effect.

5. Molecular Spectra: Molecular Spectra of Diatomic Molecules; Rotational Spectra;

Vibrational-Rotational Spectra; Molecular Quantum States; Dissociation of Molecules;
Heat of Dissociation; UV- Spectra; Raman Spectra.

Recommended Books:

Acosta, V and Cowan, GL Essentials of Modern Physics

Krane KS Modern Physics
Beiser, A Concepts of Modern Physics
Brehm JJ, Mullin WJ Introduction to the Structure of Matter
Beiser, A Perspectives of Modern Physics
Rajam, JB Atomic Physics
Semat, H & Albright Jr Intro. to Atomic and Nuclear Physics

Atomic and Molecular Physics Practical

Course Code: PHY 2206 Credit: 1.50

Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
1. To Study the Photoelectric Effect.
2. Determination of e/m of Electron by Thomson’s Method.
3. Determination of e/m of Electron by Helmholtz Coil.
4. To determine the velocity of sound wave by acoustic transducer.
5. Determination of the wavelengths Hα, Hβ, and Hγ from the Blamer series of hydrogen.
6. Determination of the excitation and ionization potentials (of mercury) by Frank and Hertz
method.
7. Production of X-ray and to study of X-ray spectrum.

Recommended Books:

Ahmed, GU and Nasrin, F Advanced Practical Physics

Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics
Nelkon, M and Ogborn, JM Advanced Level Practical Physics

40
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Advanced Practical Physics

Semiconductor Physics

Course Code: PHY 2207 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Introduction to Semiconductor: Metal; Insulator and Semiconductor; Semiconducting
Materials; Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors.
2. Theory of Semiconductors: P-Type and N-Type Materials; Bonding in Si and GaAs
Crystals; Electron and hole concentrations; Diffusion of carriers; Characteristics of P-N
junction; Bandgap Engineering; Hall Effects for One and Two-carrier Systems.
3. Semiconductor Crystal Growth and Doping: Bulk Crystal Growth of Elemental (Si)
and Compound (GaAs) Semiconductors; Epitaxial Material Growth: Molecular Beam
Epitaxy (MBE), Mechanism of Carrier Generation by Doping in Elemental and
Compound Semiconductors; Wafer Preparation; Fabrication of Integrated Circuits.
4. Diodes: Volt-Ampere Characteristics; Junction Capacitances, Diode Applications:
Rectifier and Power Supplies; Ripple factor; Special Diodes: Zener Diodes; Photo
Diodes; Light-emitting diode (LED); Weakly and Tightly Bound Excitons;
Photoconductivity.
5. Transistor: Fundamentals, Construction and Operation; Transistor DC and AC
Characteristics; Unijunction transistor (UJT); Silicon controlled rectifier (SCR);
Phototransistor; Field-effect transistor (FET): Construction and Characteristics of
Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) and metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect
transistor (MOSFET).

Recommended References:
Grob, B Basic Electronics
Malvino, AP Electronic Principles
Choudhury, GM Electronics (Bangla)
Neamen D.A. Semiconductor Physics Devices
Mottershead, A Electronic Devices and Circuits
Brophy, JJ Basic Electronics for Scientists
Mehta, VK Principles of Electronics
Fraser, DA Semiconductor Physics

41
 Semiconductor Physics Practical
Course Code: PHY 2208 Credit: 1.5
Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

SN Course Content
1. To study the I-V characteristics of a p-n junction diode
2. To study the variation of electrical conductivity of a semiconductor and determine its
energy gap.
3. To study the I-V characteristics of a Zener junction diode.
4. Construction of half wave bridge rectifier using semiconductor diode.
5. Construction of full wave bridge rectifier using semiconductor diode and study the effect
of filter.
6. To study the static characteristics of a n-p-n or p-n-p transistor

Recommended Books:

Ahmed, GU and Nasrin,F Advanced Practical Physics

Ahmed, GU and Nasrin,F Advanced Practical Physics
Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics
Nelkon, M and Ogborn, JM Advanced Level Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Advanced Practical Physics
Grob, B Basic Electronics

Numerical Methods
Course Code: PHY 2209 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Solution of Equations: Algebraic and Transcendental Equations, Error Analysis;
Algorithms; Rate of Convergence; Bisection method, Newton-Raphson Method, False
Position Method; Rate of Convergence; Acceleration of the Convergence; Efficiency of
a Method.
2. System of Linear Equations: Matrix Representation; Basic Matrix Operations; Direct
Methods - Matrix Inversion; Gauss Elimination Methods; Gauss-Jordon Method;
Triangularization Method; Iterative Methods - Jacobi Method; Gauss-Seidel Method, LU
decomposition.

42
 3. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors: Eigenvalue Equation; The Power Method; Jacobi
Method; Householder Method; Givens Method.
4. Interpolation and Curve Fitting: Newton’s Forward and Backward Difference
Interpolation Formula; Hermite and Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula; Spline
Interpolation; Linear and Nonlinear Least Squares Curve Fitting.
5. Numerical Differentiation and Integration: Numerical Differentiation using
Interpolation; Cubic Spline Method; Numerical Integration: Trapezoidal Method;
Simpson’s Method; Errors in these Methods; Romberg Method.
6. Ordinary Differential Equations: Solution by Taylor Series; Euler’s Method; Runge-
Kutta Methods; Predictor-Corrector Methods: Adams-Moulton; Milne-Simpson.

Books Recommended:
Burden and Faires Numerical Analysis (9th Edition)
Anthony O’Hare Numerical Methods for Physicist
Sastry, SS Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis
Jain, MK et al. Numerical Methods for Sc. and Eng. Computation
Hamming, RW Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers
Krishnamurthy and Sen Numerical Algorithms Intro. To Numerical
Analysis
Scheid, F Introduction to Numerical Analysis
Rajaraman Numerical Analysis
Burden Numerical Methods

General Viva-voce

Course Code: PHY2200 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

Students have to take an oral test entitled ‘General Viva- voce’ of one (1.00) credit on all
theoretical courses of 2nd year 2nd semester.

43
 Third Year: First Semester

Classical Mechanics II
Course Code: PHY 3101 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Hamiltonian Formulation: Phase Space and Motion of the System; Significance of
Hamiltonian; Hamilton’s Canonical Equations; Hamilton’s Equations from
Hamilton’s Principle; Principle of Least Action; Cyclic Coordinates; Canonical
Transformations; Legendre Transformations; Canonical Transformation Equations;
Poisson and Lagrange Brackets and their Properties; Invariance of Poisson Brackets
with Respect to Canonical Transformations; Hamilton’s Equations of Motion in Poisson
Bracket Form; Jacobi’s Identity; Relation between Poisson Bracket and Lagrange
Bracket, Applications.
2. Hamilton-Jacobi Theory: Hamilton-Jacobi Equations for Hamilton’s Principal and
Characteristic Functions; Separation of Variables in the Hamilton-Jacobi Equation;
Action-Angle Variables; Applications.

3. Small Oscillations: Formulation of Problem; Eigen value Equation and the Principal
Axis Transformation; Frequencies of Free Vibration; Normal Coordinates and Normal
Modes; Forced Vibrations and the Effect of Dissipative Forces.

Books Recommended:
Goldstein, G Classical Mechanics
Rana, NC and Joag, PS Classical Mechanics
Constant, FW Theoretical Physics
Spiegel, MR Theoretical Mechanics
Gupta, KC Mechanics of Particle & Rigid Bodies
Leech, JW Classical Mechanics
Hand JN, Finch JD Analytical Mechanics
W. Nolting Theoretical Physics II: Analytical Mechanics
Gupta,Sl et al Classical Mechanics

44
 Quantum Mechanics I

Course Code: PHY 3103 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. The Origin of Quantum Theory: Shortcomings of Classical Theory and Historical
Evolution of Quantum Mechanics: Black-body Radiation and Ultraviolet Catastrophe,
Planck’s Distribution, Wien’s Displacement Law, Photoelectric Effect; Compton Effect;
Photon and Its Properties;
2. Quantization of Energy: The Bohr Model of Atom; Energy Quantization; The
Correspondence Principle; The Complementary Principle.
3. Matter Wave and Uncertainty Principle: Wave Particle Duality;
Mathematical Description of Matter Waves; The Two-slit Experiment;
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and Its Applications; Wave function and its Physical
Interpretation; Normalization; Probability Density; Wave Packet.
4. Operator: Introduction to Operator; Parity Operators; Observables; Hermitian Operator
and Its Properties; Eigen value Equation; Eigen values and Eigen function; Eigen states;
Commutation of Operators.
5. Mathematical Structure of Quantum Mechanics: Schrodinger Equation; Expectation
Value of Position and Momentum; Wave function in Momentum Space; Conservation of
Probability and Probability Current Density; Collapse of the Wave functions;
Ehrenfest’s Theorem; Evolution of an Observable with Time
and Constant of Motion.

Recommended References:

Zettili, N Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and Applications

Bransden BH, Joachain CJ Quantum Mechanics
Matthews, PT Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
Griffiths, D Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
Sherwin, CW Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

45
 Classical Electrodynamics I
Course Code: PHY 3105 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1 Elementary Concepts of Electrodynamics: Maxwell Equations in vacuum and in
medium; Vector and Scalar potentials; Gauge invariance; Lorentz and Coulomb Gauge;
Lorentz force in terms of potentials.
2 Boundary Value Problems: Electrostatics Boundary Value Problem; Boundary
conditions at an interface for E, D, B, H; Poisson equations and Laplace equations;
Azimuthal symmetry; General procedures for solving Poisson’s or Laplace’s equations;
Solution of Laplace equations in Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical coordinates;
Applications of Poisson’s and Laplace’s equations; Uniqueness Theorem, Method of
Image Charges; Multipole expansion of the potential due to a localized charge
distribution: dipole and quadrupole moments.
3 Dielectrics: Polarization; bound charges, susceptibility, energy and force; Field inside
dielectrics; Boundary value problems involving dielectrics.
4 Magnetostatics: Magnetic Field Vector Potential; Magnetostatics Boundary Conditions;
Moments, Force, Torque and Energy of Localized Current Distributions; Boundary
Value Problems in Magnetostatics

Books Recommended:
Griffiths, DJ Introduction to Electrodynamics
Reitz, JR et al Foundations of Electromagnetic Theory
Tralli, N Classical Electromagnetic Theory
Panofsky, WKH and Philips Classical Electricity
Jackson, JD Electrodynamics
Duffin, WJ Advanced Electricity and Magnetism
PurcellandMorin Electricity and Magnetism

46
 Electronics I

Course Code: PHY 3107 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Circuit Theorems: Superposition Theorem; Maximum Power Transfer Theorem;
Thevenin’s and Norton’s Theorem; Constant Voltage and Current Sources; their
Conversions; Equivalent Star and Delta Circuits, their Conversions.
2. Wave Filters: Symmetrical Networks; Characteristic Impedance, Propagation
Constants; Filter Fundamentals- Pass and Stop Band; Constant-k low Pass, High Pass,
Band Pass and Band Elimination Filters; Introduction to m-derived Filters; Filter
Design.
3. Transistor Biasing and Thermal Stabilization: Factors Contributing to Thermal
Instability; Stability Factors; Fixed Bias; Collector-Base Bias; Self-Bias; Bias
Compensations.
4. Transistor Amplifiers: Transistor CE, CB and CC Amplifiers; Cascading and
Coupling; Class A, Class B, Class C and Push-Pull Amplifier.

5. Feedback and Oscillator Circuits: Feedback: Principles, Characteristics, Current and

Voltage Feedback Amplifiers; Oscillator: Positive Feedback; Condition for Sustained
Oscillation; Phase-Shift, Wein-Bridge, Hartley, Colpitt's and Crystal Oscillators.

6. Integrated Circuit Technology: Integrated Circuit; IC Fabrication; Formation of

integrated circuit elements; Transistors, capacitors and resistors for integrated circuits;
Sheet resistance, Microprocessors.

Recommended References:

Millman, J and Halkias, CC Electronic Devices and Circuits

Boylestad, RL and Nashelsky, L Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory
Malvino, AP Electronic Principles
Gupta, SL and Kumar, V Hand Book of Electronics
Mottershead, A Electronic Devices and Circuits
Terman, R Radio Electronics
Mehta, VK Principles of Electronics
Brophy Basic Electronics for Scientists Art of Electronics

47
 Electronics I Practical

Course Code: PHY 3108 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
1 Design and Construction of a Low-pass Filter.
2 Design and Construction of a High-pass Filter
3 Construction of full-wave bridge rectifier using semiconductor diodes and study the
effect of filters.
4 To draw the Characteristic Curves and DC Load Line for a CE Transistor and
Determination of Hybrid Parameters.
5 Characteristics of a FET and determination of its Parameters
6 Construction and Study of the Frequency Response curves of a single stage AF
Amplifier with and without Feed back.
7 Construction and Study of a Phase Shift Oscillator
8 Construction of a Transistor Radio Receiver.
9 Construction of a Transistor Radio Transmitter

Recommended Books:

Ahmed, GU and Nasrin,F Advanced Practical Physics

Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics
Nelkon, M and Ogborn, JM Advanced Level Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Advanced Practical Physics

48
 Special and General Theory of Relativity

Course Code: PHY 3109 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

S. N Course Content
1. Special Relativity: Frame of References, Galilean Transformation, Michelson-Morley
Experiment; Postulates of the Special Theory of Relativity; Lorentz Transformation;
Minkowsky space time and Four Vectors; Four-velocity; Length Contraction; Time
Dilation; Velocity Addition; Space like; Time like and Light like separated events; Light
cone; Proper frame; Proper length; Proper time; Covariance of Maxwell’s Field
equations; Relativistic Momentum, Mass, and Energy.

2. General Relativity: Galilean Relativity, Mach’s Principle, Principle of Equivalence;

Principle of General Covariance; Principle of Minimum Gravitational Coupling;
Correspondence Principle; Field Equations of General Relativity; Energy-Momentum
Tensor; Maxwell’s Field Equations; Schwarzschild Solution; Experimental Tests of
General Relativity.

Text book and References:

Sean Carroll Spacetime and Geometry

Ray D’Inverno Introducing Einstein’s Relativity
Landau, L.D. and Lifshitz Classical Theory of Fields
French, A.P. Special Relativity
Weinberg,S Gravitation
Chandrasekhar,S Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
W.Nolting Theoretical Physics IV: Special Relativity
Taylor & Wheeler Spacetime Physics
Roser Introductory Special Relativity
G.R Hopson General Relativity and Introduction for Physicist
T P Cheng Einstein’s Physics

Computational Physics Practical

Course Code: PHY 3112 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

49
S. N Course Content
Solving following problems Using C/C++:

1. Computation of the Solutions of transcendentalequations (Bisection method,

Iterationmethod, Newton-Raphson method etc.)
2. Implementation of Linear and Cubic-Spline Interpolation.
3. Implementation of Curve Fitting: Linear and Polynomial Regression.
4. Implementation of Numerical Differentiations using Finite Difference Method, Two-
point formula, three-point formula and five-point formula.
5. Implementation of Numerical Integrations in C/C++ using following methods:
a. Trapezoidal Rule.
b. Simpson's 1/3 and 3/8 Rules.
c. Romberg Integration

6. Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) with initial values.

Text and Book References:

Nicholas Giordano and Computational Physics, second edition, Prentice Hall (2005)
Hisao Nakanishi
Paul L. DeVries and A First Course in Computational Physics, 2nd ed.,
Javier E. Hasbun Jones and Bartlett (2010).
Marvin L. De Jong Introduction to Computational Physics, Addison-Wesley (1991)
Tao Pang An Introduction to Computational Physics

General Viva-voce

Course Code: PHY3100 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

Students have to take an oral test entitled ‘General Viva- voce’ of one (1.00) credit on all
theoretical courses of 3rd year 1st semester.

50
 Third Year: Second Semester
Classical Electrodynamics II
Course Code: PHY 3201 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Maxwell’s Field Equations: Review of Maxwell’s Equations, Wave Equations and their
solutions.

2. Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves: Plane Waves in Infinite Medium-

a) Waves in Non-Conducting Media; Waves in Conducting Media.
b) Waves in Plasma; Concepts of Plasma; Conductivity; Plasma Frequency; Wave
Propagation at High and Low Frequencies.
c) Waves in Crystalline Medium; Propagation of Plane Waves in Anisotropic Crystals.

3. Reflection and Refraction of EM Waves: Reflection and Refraction at Boundaries of

two Non-Conducting Media; Metallic Reflection; Total Internal Reflection.

4. Waves in Bounded Region: Wave Propagation between two Parallel Conducting Plates;
Wave Guides (rectangular), Cavity Resonator.

5. Radiation from an Accelerated Charge: Vector and Scalar Potentials, The Liénard and
Wiechert Potentials; Field of a Charge in Uniform Motion; Fields of an Accelerated
Charge; Radiation at Low Velocities; Antenna.

6. Scattering and Dispersion: Scattering by Free and Bound Electrons; Thomson,

Rayleigh and Resonance Scattering; Dispersions.

Books Recommended:
Griffiths, DJ Introduction to Electrodynamics
Tralli, N Classical Electromagnetic Theory
Panofsky, WKH and Philips Classical Electricity
Jackson, JD Electrodynamics
Duffin, WJ Advanced Electricity and Magnetism
Reitz, JR et al Foundations of Electromagnetic Theory

51
 NUCLEAR PHYSICS I
Course Code: PHY 3203 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Nuclear Structure: Constituent of Nuclei; Nuclear Mass; Charge and Density; Nuclear
Size; Mass Defect; Binding Energy; Nucleon Separation Energy; Nuclear Force; Meson
Theory of Nuclear Forces; Stability Conditions and Semi-Empirical Mass Formula.
2. Radioactivity: Radioactive Decay Laws; Half-Life and Mean-Life; Secular and
Transient Equilibrium; Radioactive Series; Artificial Radioactivity; Uses of
Radioisotopes; Units of Radioactivity. Alpha Instability; Fine Structure; Long Range
Alpha Particles; Theory of Alpha and Beta Decay, Orbital Electron Capture; Positron
Emission; Mass Conditions for Beta Decay; Gamma Decay; Mean Lives for Gamma
Emission; Internal Conversion.
3. Nuclear Reactions: Different Types of Reactions; Conservation of Physical Quantities;
The Energetics of Nuclear Reactions; The Cross-Section; Compound Nucleus
Hypothesis; Production and Properties of Neutrons. Fission Process; Energy Release in
Fission; Chain Reaction; Nuclear Fusion.
4. Nuclear Detectors: Interaction of Charged Particles and Radiation with Matter,
Ionization; Stopping Power; Range Determination; Energy Loss of Electrons and other
Charged Particles; Ionization Chambers; Proportional Counter; Geiger-Muller Counters;
Scintillation detector; semiconductor detector.
5. Particle Accelerators: Linear Accelerator; Beatron; Cyclotron; Synchrotron;
Introduction to LHC.

Recommended Books:

Krane Introductory Nuclear Physics

A. Kamal Nuclear Physics
Hodgson PE et al Introductory Nuclear Physics
Burcham,WE Nuclear Physics
Enge, HA Introduction to Nuclear Physics
Kaplan, I Nuclear Physics
Smith, CMH Text Book of Nuclear Physics
Cohen, BL Concepts of Nuclear Physics
Beiser, A Concepts of Modern Physics
Islam, AKMA & Islam, MA Nucleo Padartha Vijnn (Bangla)
Islam, GS Paramanbik Ebong NucleoPadarthabijan, Vol.II
Evans Atomic Nucleus
Alfassi Z B Chemical Analysis by Nuclear Methods

52
 Nuclear Physics I Practical

Course Code: PHY 3204 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

S. N Course Content
1. Determination of the Plateau and Operating Voltage of a Geiger-Muller (G-M) Counter.
2. To Study the Characteristics of a G-M Tube.
3. Determination of Absorption Coefficient of Gamma Rays in Lead.
4. Determination of Efficiency of a G-M Tube for Beta Counting.
5. Study of the Random nature of radioactive decay.
N. B. According to the theoretical contents of Nuclear Physics I, the practical will be
conducted.

Books Recommended:
Ahmed, GU and Nasrin,F Advanced Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics

Solid State Physics I

Course Code: PHY 3205 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

S. N Course Content
1. Crystal Systems: Classification of Materials; Lattice; Crystal and it’s Symmetries;
Classification of Crystals, Unit Cell; Basis vector; Bravais Lattice; Miller Indices;
Crystal Structures; Calculation of Lattice Points; Packing Factor; Inter-planar Spacing;
Reciprocal Lattice; Bragg’s Diffraction; Brillouin Zones; Atomic Form Factor;
Structure Factor.
2. Imperfections in Crystals: Classification of Defects; Point Defects; Dislocations
Screw and Edge Dislocations; Diffusion in Metals; Plane Defects; Crystal Grains and
Grain Boundaries; Energy of Grain Boundaries; Color Centers.
3. Crystal Bindings: Crystals of Inert Gas; Ionic Crystals; Binding Energy and Bulk
Modulus; Covalent; Metallic and Hydrogen Bonded Crystals.

53
4. Dynamics of Crystal Lattice: Elastic Vibration of a Continuous Medium; Concept of
Phonon; One-dimensional Monatomic and Diatomic Lattices; Theories of Lattice
Specific Heat - Einstein Model and Debye Model.
5. Free Electron Theory of Metals: Classical and Quantum Pictures of Free Electron
Theory; Energy Levels, Effect of Temperatures on F-D Distribution, Fermi Sphere,
Density of states in One, Two, and Three-dimensions.

Tex book and References:

Kittel, C Introduction to Solid State Physics

McKelvey, JP Solid State and Semiconductor Physics
Omar, MA Elementary Solid-State Physics
Ashcroft and Mermin Solid State Physics
Azaroff, LV and Brophy, JJ Electronic Processes in Materials
Dekker, AJ Solid State Physics
Singhal, RL Solid State Physics
Wahab, MA Solid State Physics

Solid State Physics I Practical

Course Code: PHY 3206 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

S. N Course Content
1. To determine the lattice plane spacing of polycrystalline powder sample by Debye-
Scherer photography
2. Study on the energy band calculation and determination of band gap for given metal
using Kronig-Penney Model (Simulation).
3. Determine the velocity of sound by acoustic transducer.
4. To study the impedance effect of transducer as function of frequency.
5. Determine the carrier density of given sample in Hall effect.
N. B. According to the theoretical contents of Solid State Physics- I, the practical will be
conducted.

Text and Book References:

Ahmed, G and Uddin, MS Practical Physics

Squires, GL Practical Physics
Din, K and Matin, MA Practical Physics
Tyler, F Laboratory Manual of Physics
Worsnop, BL and Flint, HT Advanced Practical Physics

54
Topping, W Errors of Observations

Electronics II

Course Code: PHY 3207 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Pulse Shaping and Generators: Pulse Parameters; Linear Wave-shaping: RC Integrator
and RC Differentiator; Non-linear Wave-shaping: Clipping and
Clamping.Multivibrators: A stable, Monostable and Bistable, Schmitt Trigger, Blocking
Oscillators and Time-Base Generators

2. Operational amplifiers: Basic Principles of Operational Amplifiers; Inverting and Non-

inverting Amplifier; Operational Amplifier: Summer, Subtractor, Integrator,
Differentiator and Active Filters.

3. Introduction to Digital Electronics:Decimal, Binary and Octal Number systems;

Binary- Addition; Subtraction, Multiplication and Division; Binary Codes; Basic Logic
Gates.

4. Logic Circuits: OR, AND, NOT, NOR and NAND Operations; Laws of Boolean
Algebra; De-Morgan’s Theorems; Truth Tables and Maps.

5. Data Conversion: Decoder, Encoder, Multiplexer, Demultiplexer, Code Converter,

Analog-Digital Conversion (ADC) and Digital-Analog Conversion (DAC). Digital
Multimeters.

6. Flip-flops: NAND Gate Latch; NOR Gate Latch; R-S Flip-flop; J-K Flip-flop; D Flip-
flop; Master/Slave Flip-flop.Synchronous and Asynchronous Counters; Up-Down
Counters; Shift-Register and Frequency Counters; Digital Clock.

7. Memory Elements: RAM, ROM, EPROM, Static and Dynamic Access Memories;
Magnetic Disk; Digital Recording Techniques.

Recommended References:

Millman, J and Taub, H Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms

Blitzer Introduction to Pulse Shaping Circuits
Tocci, RJ Digital System Principles & Applications
Malvino, AP Electronic Principles
Millman, J and Halkias,CC Integrated Electronics: Analogue and Digital Circuits and
Systems
Gothman, WH Digital Electronics: an Intro. to Theory and Practice

55
Bartee, T Digital Computer Fundamentals
Taub, H and Schillng Digital Integrated Circuits
Malvino, AP and Leach, R Digital Principles and Applications

Electronics II Practical
Course Code: PHY 3208 Credit: 1.5
Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
Exp: Construction and Study of a Transistorized Regulated Power Supply.
1.
2. Exp: Construction and Study of Logic Gates using Diodes.
3. Exp: Construction and Study of Logic Gates using Transistors.
4. Exp: Construction and Study of Flip-flop (RS and JK) Operations.
5. Exp: To construct a full adder circuit using IC logic gates.
6. Exp: To construct a full subtractor using IC logic gates.
7. Exp: To design and construct a summing amplifier, using an OP-AMP.
8. Exp: To study the closed loop gain of an operational amplifier.
9. Exp: Verification of De-Morgans theorem by using DTL and TTL.

Recommended Books:

Bar, Z and Malvino, AP A Text Lab. Manual: Basic Electronics

Millman, J and Taub, H Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms
Blueler, E and Goldsmith, GJ Experimental Nucleonics
Person, FJ and Osborne, RR Practical Nucleonics
Stout, E and Jensen, GJ Practical Structure Determination

Statistical Mechanics I

Course Code: PHY 3209 Credit: 2.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Scope of Statistical Mechanics: Ensembles, Phase space, Liouville’s Theorem,
Distribution over energies, Weights of configuration, the most probable configuration,

56
 Postulates of classical statistical mechanics,
2. Statistical Ensembles: Micro-canonical, canonical and grand-canonical ensembles.
Boltzmann formula, The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution, Entropy, Free energies and
other thermodynamic functions.
3. Thermodynamics of Gases: The weight, Classical perfect gas, The Boltzmann partition
function, The evaluation of the classical partition function, The semi-classical perfect
gas components of the partition function.

Books Recommended:

Reif, B Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics

Pointon, AJ Introduction to Statistical Physics
Pathria, RK Statistical Physics
Huang, K Statistical Mechanics
Gupta, SL et al. Elementary Statistical Mechanics
Singh, K et al. Elements of Statistical Mechanics
Brijlal, L et al. Thermal and Statistical Physics
Constant Theoretical Physics 2
Sears FW and Salinger, GL Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical
Mechanics
Agarwal, BK and Eisner, M Statistical Mechanics
W. Nolting Theoretical Physics VIII: Statistical Mechanics

General Viva-voce

Course Code: PHY 3200 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

Students have to take an oral test entitled ‘General Viva- voce’ of one (1.00) credit on all
theoretical courses of 3rd year 2nd semester.

57
 Fourth Year: First Semester
Quantum Mechanics II

Course Code: PHY 4101 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Momentum Representations: Coordinate and Momentum; Representation of Wave
Function; Significance; Schrödinger Equation in Momentum Representation; Wave
Function for Free
Particle and Particle in a Box; Box Normalization; Dirac Delta Normalization.
2. One Dimensional Problem: Free particle in Quantum Mechanics; Particle in a
Potential Barrier (Step, Square Well, etc.); Reflection and Transmission Coefficients;
Energy Levels Calculation; Tunneling Effect; The Linear Harmonic Oscillator.
3. Schrödinger Equation in Three Dimensions: Central Force Problem; Separation in
Cartesian and Polar Coordinates; Particle in a Box; Three-dimensional Square Well
Potential and Harmonic Oscillator
4. Theory of Angular Momentum: Eigen Values of Angular Momentum; Addition of
Angular Momenta; Angular Momentum Coupling; Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients;
Pauli’s Exclusion Principle and Spin Matrices; Ladder Operators.
5. Hydrogen-like Atoms: Hydrogen Atom, Solution in Spherical Polar Co-ordinate;
Energy Levels; Spherical Harmonics; Eigen Functions.

Books Recommended

Matthews, P T Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

Chowdhury, S Quantum Mechanics
Powell, J L and Crasemann, B Quantum Mechanics
Sakurai, J J Modern Quantum Mechanics
Griffiths, D Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
Shankar, R Principles of Quantum Mechanics
Bransden and Joachain Quantum Mechanics
Ziock, C Basic Quantum Mechanics
Greiner, W Quantum Mechanics
Pauling, L and Wilson, E B Quantum Mechanics
Fong, P Elementary Quantum Mechanics
Sherwin, C W Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
Agarwal, B K and Prakash, H Quantum Mechanics
Dirac, PAM The Principles of Quantum Mechanic
Mathews and Venkatesan Text Book of Quantum Mechanics
Schiff, LI Quantum Mechanics
Sakurai, JJ Modern Quantum Mechanics
Shankar, R Principles of Quantum Mechanics

58
 Solid State Physics II
Course Code: PHY4103 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72
Zettili, N Quantum Mechanics: concepts and applications

SN Course Content
1 Free Electron Fermi Gas: Heat capacity of electron gas, Drude model, Electrical
Conductivity and Ohm’s Law; Momentum of Fermi sphere, Equation of motion in metal
by Lorentz force, Hall effect; Thermal Conductivity of Metals; Wiedmann-Franz Law.
2 Band Theory: Limitations of Free Electrons Theory, Nearly Free Electron Model,
Bloch Theorem, Kronig-Penney Model, Wave Equation in Periodic Potential, Number
of Orbitals in a Band, Electronic properties of metal, semiconductor and insulator.
3 Semiconductor Crystals: Band Gap, Equation of Motion, Holes, Effective mass,
Intrinsic carrier concentration, Impurity conductivity, Thermoelectric effects.
4 Fermi Surfaces and Metal: Zone Schemes, Construction of Fermi Surfaces, LCAO
(tight binding method), LMTO, Wigner-Seitz Method, Calculation of Energy Bands
Methods (APA, KKR, OPA, Pseudopotential Method).

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

Ashcroft, NW and Mermin, ND Solid State Physics

Omar, MA Elementary Solid State Physics
Dekker, AJ Solid State Physics
Kittel, C Introduction to Solid State Physics
Wert, CA and Thomson, RM Physics of Solids
Brailsford, F Physical Principle of Magnetism
Chikazumi, S Physics of Magnetism
Wahab, MA Solid State Physics
W. Nolting& A. Ramakanth Quantum Theory of Magnetism

59
 Solid State Physics II Practical

Course Code: PHY4104 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
1 Determination of Temperature Factor using X-Ray Diffraction Data.
2 To study the variation of impedance of a given acoustic transducer as a function of
frequency.
3 Determination of the Ferromagnetic Curie temperature.
4 Determination of the Planck’s Constant.
5 Determine the magnetic property by B-H curve and calculate the energy inside the
hysteresis loop.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

Blueler, E and Goldsmith, GJ Experimental Nucleonics

Person, FJ and Osborne, RR Practical Nucleonics
Stout, E and Jensen, GJ Practical Structure Determination

Nuclear Physics II
Course Code: PHY 4105 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Nuclear Two-body Systems and Nuclear Forces: Ground State of Deuteron;
Normalization of Deuteron Wave Function; Non-existence of the Excited States of
Deuteron; Tensor Force; Low-Energy n-p Scattering; Determination of Phase Shift;
Spin Dependence; Scattering Length; Effective Range Theory.
2. Nuclear Models: Fermi Gas Model, Fermi Momentum, Liquid Drop Model, Nuclear
Shell Model, Single Particle Potentials; Spin-Orbit Potential; Magic Numbers; Shell
Model Predictions; Ground Stare Spins; Spin and Magnetic Moments of Nuclei;
Schmidt Curves, Collective Model, Rotational energy spectrum and nuclear wave
function for even-even and for odd A nuclei, Beta and Gamma vibrations in nuclei.
3. Nuclear Scattering and Reactions: Optical Model, Complex Potential; Energy
Averaged Cross-sections; Phenomenological Optical Model Cross-sections by the
Method of Partial Waves; Compound Nuclear Reactions; Continuum Theory;
Resonance; Breit-Wigner Dispersion Formula for l = 0.
4. Elementary Particles: The Fundamental Interactions; Electromagnetic, Weak and

60
 Strong Couplings; Classification of Elementary Particles; Conservation Laws; Quantum
Numbers; CPT Theorem; CP Violation in Kaons; Parity Violation in β Decay. Hadrons;
Neutrino.

Recommended References:

Roy, RR and Nigam, BP Nuclear Physics

Enge, HA Introduction to Nuclear Physics
Segre, E Nuclei and Particles
Elton, LRB Introductory Nuclear Theory
Burcham and Jobes Nuclear and Particle Physics
Griffiths, D Introduction to Elementary Particles
Halzen, F and Martin, AD Quarks and Leptons: An Intro. with Applications
Perkins, DH Introduction to High Energy Physics
Lichtenberg, DB Unitary Symmetry and Elementary Particles

Nuclear Physics II Practical

Course Code: PHY 4106 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 100 SEE Mark: 0

SN Course Content
1. Determination of resolving time of a G-M counter by double source method
2. Determination of efficiency of a G-M tube for beta counting.
3. Verification of inverse square law for gamma rays and comparison of source
intensities.
4. Study of the absorption of gamma rays by matter and determination of absorption
coefficients of different materials.
5. Determination of the maximum energy of beta particles emitted from source and
estimation of thickness of an unknown foil
6. Determination of the relative efficiency of a G-M tube.

Books Recommended:
Bar, Z and Malvino, AP A Text Lab. Manual: Basic Electronics
Millman, J and Taub, H Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms
Blueler, E and Goldsmith, GJ Experimental Nucleonics
Person, FJ and Osborne, RR Practical Nucleonics
Stout, E and Jensen, GJ Practical Structure Determination

61
 Geophysics
Course Code: PHY 4107 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. The Solar System: The planets; Meteorites and their composition; Cosmic ray
exposures of meteorites; The pointing-Robertson effect; Compositions of Terrestrial
planets.
2. Rotation and Figure of the Earth: Figure of the earth; Precession of the equinoxes;
The Chandler wobble; Tidal friction and the history of the Earth-Moon system;
Fluctuation in rotation and the excitation of the wobble.
3. The Gravity Field: Gravity as a gradient of the geopotential; the satellite geoid; Crustal
structure and the principle of isostasy; Earth tides.
4. Seismology and the Internal Structure of the Earth: Seismicity of the earth; Elastic
waves and seismic rays; Travel time and velocity depth curves for body waves; Internal
density and composition; Free oscillations.
5. Geomagnetism: The magnetism of the earth; Fundamental equations; measurement of
the magnetic field; Method of Gauss; Saturation induction magnetometer; Proton
precession magnetometer, Alkali vapour magnetometer.
6. The Earth’s Internal Heat: The geothermal flux; Thermal conduction in the mantle;
Temperatures in the interior of the earth; Energy source for the geomagnetic dynamo.
7. Radioactivity and the Age of the Earth: The pre-radioactivity age problem;
radioactive elements and the principle of radiometric dating; Age of the earth and
meteorites; dating the nuclear synthesis.

Recommended References:

Stacey, F.D. Physics of the earth

Garland G.D Introduction to Geophysics – Mantle core and crust
F. S Grant and G.F. West Interpretation Theory in Applied Geophysics.
D. S. Parasnis Principles of Applied Geophysics;
F. M. Telford, L. P. Geldart R. E. Applied Geophysics
Sheriff. D. A. Keyes

62
 Statistical Mechanics II

Course Code: PHY 4109 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Particle Statistics: Principle of indistinguishability for quantum particles, Spin-statistics
connection, Degenerate and non-degenerate systems, Quantum mechanical ensembles.
2. Bose-Einstein Distribution: Review of Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution, Bose-
Einstein Gas, The Photon Gas, The Specific heats of solids, the phonon Gas Bose-
Einstein condensation.
3. Fermi-Dirac Distribution: Fermi-Dirac Gas, the Electron Gas, Fermi degeneracy
pressure, White dwarf, Neutron star.
4. Transport phenomena: Boltzmann transport equation. The relaxation time
approximation, Boltzmann semi-classical equation and its solution for electrical and
thermal conductivity. Mean free path. Viscosity and Diffusion.
5. Applications of statistical thermodynamics: The paramagnetic gas, the harmonic
oscillator, the diatomic molecule, the disordered lattice.

Books Recommended:
Reif, B Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics
Pointon, AJ Introduction to Statistical Physics
Pathria, RK Statistical Physics
Huang, K Statistical Mechanics
Gupta, SL et al. Elementary Statistical Mechanics
Singh, K et al. Elements of Statistical Mechanics
Brijlal, L et al. Thermal and Statistical Physics
Constant Theoretical Physics 2
Sears FW and Salinger, GL Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical
Mechanics
Agarwal, BK and Eisner, M Statistical Mechanics
W. Nolting Theoretical Physics VIII: Statistical Mechanics

Industrial Tour

Course Code: PHY 4110 Credit: 0.5

Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 00 SEE Marks :100

63
 General Viva-voce

Course Code: PHY 4100 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

Students have to take an oral test entitled ‘General Viva- voce’ of one (1.00) credit on all
theoretical courses of 4th year 1st semester.

64
 Fourth Year: Second Semester
Quantum Mechanics III

Course Code: PHY 4201 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 3 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

S. N Course Content
1. Matrix Formulation of Quantum Mechanics: State Vectors in Hilbert Space; Bra and
Ket Notations; Operators and their Representation; Transformation Theory; Schrödinger,
Heisenberg and Dirac Pictures; Parity Operators; Density Matrix; Harmonic Oscillator.
2. Approximation Methods:
Stationary Perturbation Theory: Nondegenerate Case; First-Order
Perturbation; Second-order Perturbation; Degenerate Case, Examples.
Time-dependent Perturbation Theory: Principle of the Method; Constant and
Harmonic Perturbations; Fermi’s Golden Rule; Radiative and Dipole Transitions;
Selection Rules.
Variational Method: Expectation Value of the Energy; Application to
Excited States; Application to Harmonic Oscillator; Helium Atom.
WKB Approximation: The Classical Limit; Approximate Solutions
and Asymptotic Nature of Solutions; Validity Criterion; Solutions Near a
Turning Point; Connection Formulae; Application to Bound States.
3. Relativistic Wave Equations: Klein-Gordon and Dirac’s Relativistic Wave Equation;
Solution of Free Particle Equations; Prediction of Spin by Dirac Wave Equation;
Negative Energy States and Hole Theory, Dirac equation with electromagnetic potentials
and energy levels in a Coulomb field.

Books Recommended

Pascoe, KJ Intro. to the Properties of Engineering Materials

Van Vleck, LH Materials Science for Engineers
Smith, WH Principles of Materials Science and Engineering
G. K. Narula, K. S. Narula, V. Materials Science
K. Gupta
Rashid, A M H Quantum Mechanics
Schiff, L I Quantum Mechanics
Ziock, C Basic Quantum Mechanics
Sakurai, J J Modern Quantum Mechanics
Shankar, R Principles of Quantum Mechanics

65
 Reactor Physics

Course Code: PHY 4203 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. Nuclear Reactions: Interaction of Neutrons with Matter; Neutron Cross-section and its
Determination; Energy Dependence of Neutron Cross-section; Fission Cross-section.
2. Diffusion and Slowing Down of Neutrons: Thermal Neutron Diffusion; Diffusion
Equations; Fick’s Law, Fast Neutron Diffusion and Fermi Age Equation; Energy
Distribution and Cross-section of Thermal Neutrons; Slowing down of Neutrons; One
Group Critical Equation and Reaction Buckling.
3. Reactor Theory: Nuclear Energy; Nuclear Reactor and its’ Components; Fissile and
Fertile Materials; Multiplication Factors; Four Factor Formula; Fission & Fusion
Reactors: Molten Salt Reactor; Classification of Reactors; Power Reactor: Pressurized
Water Reactor; Boiling Water Reactor. Research Reactors: TRIGA; Swimming Pool;
Reactor Operation.
4. Control of Nuclear Reactors: Reactor Kinematics, General Features of Reactor
Control; Effect of Temperature on Reactivity; Design of the Control System; Fission
Product Poisoning; Burnable Poisons, Reactor Safety Management.
5. Energy Removal: Thermal Problems in Reactor Design; Design of Cooling System;
Heat Sources in Reactor Systems; Reactor Coolants.
6. Reactor Fuels: The Fuel Cycle; Production of Reactor Fuels; Sources of Uranium;
Separation of Uranium Isotopes; Re-Processing of Irradiated Fuel; Radioactive Waste
and types, Radioactive wastes management including disposal.

Recommended Books:

Lamarsh, JR Introduction to Nuclear Engineering

Liverhant, SE Elementary Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Physics
Glasstone and Sesonske Nuclear Reactor Engineering
Lamarsh, J Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory
Murray, RL Introduction to Nuclear Engineering
Murray, RL Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Physics
Jacobs et al. Basic Principles of Nuclear Science and Reactors
Kesslev, G Nuclear Fission Reactor
King, DG Nuclear Power Systems

66
 Astrophysics

Course Code: PHY 4205 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1. The Celestial Sphere & Mechanics: The Greek Tradition, The Copernican Revolution,
Positions on the Celestial Sphere, Physics and Astronomy, Elliptical Orbits, The Viral
Theorem.
2. Stars: Formation of stars, The sun as a star, The end states of stars, The Chandrasekhar
Limit, White dwarfs, Neutron stars, Black Hole, The Pulsars.
3. The Nature of Stars
Binary Systems and Stellar Parameters, The Classification of Binary Stars, Mass
Determination Using Visual Binaries, Eclipsing, Spectroscopic Binaries, The Formation
of Spectral Lines, The Hertzsprung Russell Diagram.
4. Stellar Atmospheres and interior of stars: The Description of the Radiation Field,
Stellar Opacity, Radiative Transfer, The Interiors of Stars: Hydrostatic Equilibrium,
Pressure Equation of State, Stellar Energy Sources, Energy Transport and
Thermodynamics.
5. Formation of Planetary Systems: Characteristics of Extrasolar Planetary Systems,
Planetary System Formation and Evolution.

Books Recommended:

Bradley W. Carroll, Dale A. Ostlie An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics (Second

Edition)
William J Kaufmann, Roger A Freedman Universe (5th edition)
Marc L Kutner Astronomy A Physical Perspective
Sultana Nahar& Anil K Prodhan Atomic Astrophysics and Spectroscopy

Medical and Radiation Physics

Course Code: PHY 4207 Credit: 3.0

Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

67
SN Course Content
1. Physics of Cardiovascular and Nervous System: Physics of Cardiovascular System:
Work Done by Heart, Blood Pressure, Bernoulli’s Principle Applied to Cardio-Vascular
System; Electricity within Body: Electrical Potential of Nerves, Electromyogram,
Electrocardiogram.
2. Modern Imaging Techniques: Gamma Camera; Computed Tomography; Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI); Ultrasound Imaging: Nature; Production, Detection of
Ultrasound: A-Scan, B-Scan And M-Scan; Clinical Applications.
3. Radiation Dosimetry: Radiation Units; RBF; QF Absorbed Dose; Bragg-Gray
Principle; Kerma, Internally Deposited Radioisotope; Calculation of Dose Rate from a
Point and Distributed Sources.
4. Nuclear Medicine: Principle; Choice of Radionuclide and Radiopharmaceuticals;
Imaging and Function Test of Thyroid Gland, Liver, Spleen, Kidney, Lungs, Brain,
Heart and Bone.
5. Radiation Therapy and Detectors: Principles of Radiation Therapy; Radiotherapy
Treatment Planning; Isodose Curve; Simulator; Teletherapy; Co-60 Unit; Linac;
Brachytherapy. Scintillation Detector; Semiconductor Detectors; Track Etch Detectors;
TLD; Counting Statistics.
6. Biological Effects of Radiation: Chemical Changes; Changes of Biological Molecules;
Acute, Delayed and Genetic Effects.
7. Radiation Protection: Principle of Radiation Protection; Exposure of Individuals in the
General Public; Maximum Permissible Dose.
External: Techniques of External Radiation Protection Shielding; Primary Protective and
Secondary Protective Barrier; Charged Particle and gamma Neutron Shielding.
Internal: Internal Radiation Hazard; Principle of Control; Control of Source;
Environmental Monitoring and Control; Protective Clothing; Respiratory Protection;
Surface Contamination Limits; Waste Management; Liquid Wastes; Airborne Wastes;
Solid Wastes, radioactive contamination, types of contamination.

Recommended References:

Cameron and Skofronick Medical Physics

Sprawls, P Physical Principles of Medical Imaging
Cember, H Introduction to Health Physics
Turner, M Principle of Radiation and Protection
Knoll, GF Radiation Detection and Measurements
Rice, WJ Nuclear Radiation Detection
Glasstone, S Source Book on Atomic Energy

68
 Medical and Radiation Physics Practical

Course Code: PHY4208 Credit: 1.5

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 0

SN Course Content
1. Circuit design and breadboard implementation of an instrumentation amplifier.
2. Circuit design and breadboard implementation of an optical isolator.
3. Circuit design and breadboard implementation of an ECG amplifier.
4. Circuit design and breadboard implementation of an EMG amplifier.
5. Circuit design and breadboard implementation of a nerve stimulator.

Recommended Books:

Cameron and Skofronick Medical Physics

Sprawls, P Physical Principles of Medical Imaging
Cember, H Introduction to Health Physics
Turner, M Principle of Radiation and Protection
Knoll, GF Radiation Detection and Measurements
Rice, WJ Nuclear Radiation Detection
Glasstone, S Source Book on Atomic Energy

Solid State Physics III

Course Code: PHY4209 Credit: 3.0
Exam Hours: 03 CIE Marks: 28 SEE Marks: 72

SN Course Content
1 Dielectric Properties: Macroscopic Electric Field; Local Electric Field at an Atom;
Dielectric Constants and Polarizabilities; Clausius-Mossotti Relation; Dielectric
Phenomena in an AC Field; Debye Equations for Dielectric Constant and Dielectric
Loss; Dielectric Response of an Electron Gas - Concept of Plasmon and Calculation of
Plasma Frequency; Screened Coulomb Potential; Ferroelectrics.
2 Superconductivity: (a) Basic Properties of Superconductors: Meissner Effect,
Electromagnetic Properties of Superconductors, Thermodynamics of the
superconducting state, Josephson effect; Elementary Idea of BCS Theory; London
Theory.
(b) Ginzburg-Landau (G-L) theory: G-L free energy; G-L equation and its applications;

69
 Penetration depth; Coherence length; Type-I and type-II superconductors; Critical fields;
Mixed states.
3 Magnetism: Types of Magnetism and their Origins; Langevin Equation for
Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism; Curie Law; Quantum Theory of Paramagnetism;
Hund’s Rules; Ferromagnetism; Weiss Molecular Field and Exchange Integral;
Magnetic Domain and Bloch Wall; Anti-ferromagnetism; Neel’s Theory;
Ferrimagnetism and Structure of Ferrites and Garnets; Magnetic Anisotropy, Magnetic
Resonance.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

Ashcroft, NW and Mermin, ND Solid State Physics

Omar, MA Elementary Solid State Physics
Dekker, AJ Solid State Physics
Kittel, C Introduction to Solid State Physics
Wert, CA and Thomson, RM Physics of Solids
Brailsford, F Physical Principle of Magnetism
Chikazumi, S Physics of Magnetism
Wahab, MA Solid State Physics
W. Nolting& A. Ramakanth Quantum Theory of Magnetism

General Viva-voce

Course Code: PHY 4200 Credit: 1.0

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 100 SEE Marks: 00

Project

Course Code: PHY 4000 Credit: 4.0

Exam Hours: N/A CIE Marks: 00 SEE Marks :100

70