†KvwfW 19 †cÖwÿ‡Z 2023 mv‡ji GBPGmwm cixÿvi

cybwe©b¨vmK…Z cvV¨m~wP

welq: A_©bxwZ
cÎ: cÖ_g
welq †KvW: 109
 †KvwfW 19 †cÖwÿ‡Z 2023 mv‡ji GBPGmwm cixÿv cybwe©b¨vmK…Z cvV¨m~wP
welq: A_©bxwZ cÎ: cÖ_g welq †KvW: 109 c~Y© b¤^i: 100 ZË¡xq b¤^i: 100 e¨venvwiK b¤^i: 00
Aa¨vq I Aa¨v‡qi cvV¨cy¯Í‡K DwjøwLZ wkLbdj welqe¯‘ cÖ‡qvRbxq K¬v‡mi µg gšÍe¨
wk‡ivbvg (cvV I cv‡Vi wk‡ivbvg) K¬vm msL¨v

1. `y®úÖvc¨Zv I Amxg Afv‡ei aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  †g․wjK A_©‣bwZK mgm¨v 1 1g
cÖ_g Aa¨vq: 2. mxwgZ m¤ú` Ges Afve Amxg nIqvi Kvi‡Y m„ó wbe©vPb - `y¯úªvc¨Zv 2 2q I 3q
†g․wjK A_©‣bwZK mgm¨vwU Drcv`b m¤¢vebv †iLv A¼b K‡i cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z - Amxg Afve
mgm¨v Ges Gi cvi‡e| - wbe©vPb mgm¨v
mgvavb 3. wbe©vPbRwbZ mgm¨vi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z †g․wjK A_©‣bwZK Kx Drcv`b,Kxfv‡e Drcv`b, Kvi Rb¨ Drcv`b 2 4_© I 5g
mgm¨vmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  A_©‣bwZK e¨e¯’vmg~‡n A_©‣bwZK mgm¨vi 1 6ô
4. abZvwš¿K A_©e¨e¯’vq A_©‣bwZK mgm¨vi mgvav‡b `vg mgvavb
e¨e¯’vi f~wgKv we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - abZvwš¿K A_©e¨e¯’v 1 7g
5. wb‡`©kg~jK A_©e¨e¯’vq A_©‣bwZK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi - wb‡`©kg~jK A_©e¨e¯’v 1 8g
cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
- wgkÖ A_©e¨e¯’v 1 9g
6. wgkÖ A_©e¨e¯’vq A_©‣bwZK mgm¨vi mgvav‡b `vg e¨e¯’vi
Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  Bmjvgx A_©e¨e¯’v 1 10g
7. A_©‣bwZK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi †ÿ‡Î Bmjvgx A_©e¨e¯’vq  e¨wóK I mvgwóK A_©bxwZi aviYv 2 11k I 12k
¯^vZš¿¨mg~n wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
8. †g․wjK A_©‣bwZK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi †ÿ‡Î wewfbœ
A_©e¨e¯’vi mv`„k¨ I •emv`„k¨ wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
9. A_©‣bwZK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi †ÿ‡Î wewfbœ A_©e¨e¯’vi
¯^vZš¿¨ D`NvU‡b DØy× n‡e|
10. e¨wóK A_©bxwZi mv‡_ mvgwóK A_©bxwZi Zzjbv Ki‡Z
cvi‡e|
1. Dc‡hv‡Mi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  Dc‡hvM 2 13k I 14k
wØZxq Aa¨vq: 2. †gvU I cÖvwšÍK Dc‡hv‡Mi m¤úK© wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - Dc‡hv‡Mi aviYv
†fv³v I 3. KvíwbK m~wP/ev¯Íe NUbvi wfwˇZ µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK - †gvU I cÖvwšÍK Dc‡hvM
Drcv`‡Ki AvPiY Dc‡hvM wewai †jLwPÎ AsKb K‡i Zv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK Dc‡hvM wewa 2 15k I 16k
4. Pvwn`vi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  Pvwn`vi aviYv 2 17k I 18k
5. Pvwn`v wewa‡K m~wP Ges †iLvwP‡Î iƒc w`‡q e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z - Pvwn`v wewa (m~wP I †iLvwP‡Î cÖKvk)
cvi‡e| - Pvwn`vi wba©viKmg~n 1 19k
6. Pvwn`vi wba©viKmg~n eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - Pvwn`v A‡cÿK (¯^vaxb I wbf©ikxj 2 20k I 21k
7. A‡cÿ‡Ki aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| PjK)
8. ¯^vaxb I wbf©ikxj PjK e¨envi K‡i Pvwn`v A‡cÿK MVb - Pvwn`v mgxKiY MVb (PjK, aªæeK I
Aa¨vq I Aa¨v‡qi cvV¨cy¯Í‡K DwjøwLZ wkLbdj welqe¯‘ cÖ‡qvRbxq K¬v‡mi µg gšÍe¨
wk‡ivbvg (cvV I cv‡Vi wk‡ivbvg) K¬vm msL¨v

Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Xvj)

9. PjK I aªæe‡Ki g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  Pvwn`vi w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv (`vg, Avq I AvovAvwo 4 22k-25k
10. Pvwn`v A‡cÿK‡K Pvwn`v mgxKi‡Y cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e| w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv) I cwigvc
11. mij †iLvi Xvj wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  †hvMv‡bi aviYv 2 26k I 27k
12. Pvwn`vi w¯’wZ¯’vcKZvi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - †hvMvb wewa (m~wP I †iLvwP‡Î cÖKvk)
13. Pvwn`vi `vg, Avq I AvovAvwo w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv cwigvc - †hvMv‡bi wba©viKmg~n 2 28k I 29k
Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - †hvMvb A‡cÿK (¯^vaxb I wbf©ikxj
14. †hvMv‡bi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| PjK)
15. †hvMvbwewa‡K m~wP I †iLvwP‡Î iƒc w`‡Z cvi‡e| - †hvMvb mgxKiY (PjK, aªæeK, Xvj)
16. †hvMv‡bi wba©viKmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
 †hvMvb w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv 2 30k I 31k
17. †hvMvb A‡cÿK MVb K‡i Zv †hvMvb mgxKi‡Y iƒc w`‡Z
cvi‡e|  fvimvg¨ `vg I cwigvY wba©viY 2 32k I 33k
18. †hvMvb w¯’wZ¯’vcKZvi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  Pvwn`v I †hvMvb cwieZ©‡bi cÖfve
19. m~wP, †iLvwPÎ Ges MvwYwZKfv‡e fvimvg¨ `vg I cwigvc
wba©viY Kiv Ges fvimvg¨ `v‡gi Dci Pvwn`v I †hvMv‡bi
cwieZ©‡bi cÖfve we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
1. Drcv`‡bi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  Drcv`b 1 34k
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq 2. Drcv`b A‡cÿK MVb K‡i Zv eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - Drcv`‡bi aviYv
Drcv`b, Drcv`b 3. Drcv`‡bi †Kv‡bv GKwU DcKiY ev DcKiYmg~‡ni - Drcv`b A‡cÿK
e¨q I Avq cwieZ©‡bi d‡j Drcv`‡bi cwieZ©b e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - DcKi‡Yi cwieZ©b I Drcv`b 3 35k-37k
4. µgn«vmgvb, µgea©gvb I mgvbycvwZK gvÎvMZ Drcv`b wewa - gvÎvMZ Drcv`b (µgn«vmgvb, µgea©gvb 3 38k -40k
†jLwP‡Î cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e| I mgvbycvwZK)
5. Drcv`b e¨‡qi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  Drcv`b e¨q 1 41k
6. ¯^íKvjxb I `xN©Kvjxb Drcv`b e¨‡qi cv_©K¨ wbY©q Ki‡Z - ¯^íKvjxb Drcv`b e¨q
cvi‡e| - `xN©Kvjxb Drcv`b e¨q
7. †gvU, Mo I cÖvwšÍK e¨‡qi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - †gvU, Mo I cÖvwšÍK e¨q 2 42k-43k
8. Av‡qi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
 Avq 2 44k-45k
9. †gvU Avq, Mo Avq I cÖvwšÍK Avq cwigvc Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
- †gvU Avq, Mo Avq,cÖvwšÍK Avq
1. evRvi m¤ú‡K© A_©bxwZi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - evRv‡ii †kÖwYwefvM I •ewkó¨mg~n 1 46k
PZz_© Aa¨vq: 2. evRv‡ii †kÖwYwefvM eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - c~Y© cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK evRvi 1 47k
evRvi 3. wewfbœ ai‡bi A_©‣bwZK evRv‡ii g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - GK‡PwUqv evRvi 1 48k
4. dvg© I wk‡íi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbiƒcY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - GK‡PwUqv cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK evRvi 1 49Zg
5. c~Y© cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK evRv‡i GKwU dv‡g©i ¯^íKvjxb `vg - Awj‡Mvcwj
Aa¨vq I Aa¨v‡qi cvV¨cy¯Í‡K DwjøwLZ wkLbdj welqe¯‘ cÖ‡qvRbxq K¬v‡mi µg gšÍe¨
wk‡ivbvg (cvV I cv‡Vi wk‡ivbvg) K¬vm msL¨v

wba©viY †jLwPÎ AsKb K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - g‡bvcmwb

6. GK‡PwUqv evRv‡i GKwU dv‡g©i ¯^íKvjxb `vg wba©viY  dvg© I wk‡íi aviYv 1 50Zg
†jLwPÎ A¼b K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - c~Y© cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK evRv‡i `vg wba©viY 2 51Zg I
(¯^íKvjxb) 52Zg
- GK‡PwUqv evRv‡i `vg wba©viY 2 53Zg I
(¯^íKvjxb) 54Zg

1. mvgwMÖK Avq wn‡m‡e wRwWwc, wRGbAvB Ges GbGbAvB  mvgwMÖK Av‡qi aviYv 1 55Zg
beg Aa¨vq: Gi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
 wRwWwc 1 56Zg
mvgwMÖK Avq I 2. mvgwMÖK e¨‡qi Ask wn‡m‡e †fvM, mÂq, wewb‡qvM I
miKvwi e¨‡qi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  wRGb AvB, GbGb AvB 1 57Zg
e¨q
3. m‡qi mv‡_ wewb‡qv‡Mi m¤úK© wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  mvgwMÖK e¨q 1 58Zg
4. Ave× (closed) A_©bxwZ‡Z †jLwPÎ A¼b K‡i fvimvg¨  †fvM 1 59Zg
Avq wba©viY Ges Zv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  mÂq I wewb‡qvM 1 60Zg
 miKvwi e¨q 1 61Zg
 Ave× A_©bxwZ‡Z (Closed Economy) 2 62Zg-63Zg
fvimvg¨ Avq wba©viY
1. gy`ªvi aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  gy`ªv I e¨vsK 2 64Zg-65Zg
`kg Aa¨vq: 2. gy`ªvi Kvh©vewj eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - gy`ªv Kx?
gy`ªv I e¨vsK 3. wewnZ gy`ªv I Avgvb‡Zi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wb‡`©k Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - gy`ªvi Kvh©vewj
4. gy`ªvi g~‡j¨i aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - wenxZ gy`ªv Ges AvgvbZ 1 66Zg
5. gy`ªvi Pvwn`v I †hvMv‡bi Dcv`vbmg~n e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - gy`ªvi g~j¨
6. Aviwfs wdkv‡ii mgxKiY e¨envi K‡i gy`ªvi cwigvYZË¡ - gy`ªvi Pvwn`v I †hvMvb 1 67Zg
we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| gy`ªvi cwigvY ZË¡ 2 68Zg-69Zg
7. †K›`ªxq e¨vs‡Ki aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - †K›`ªxq e¨vsK 2 70Zg-71Zg
8. †K›`ªxq e¨vs‡Ki FY wbqš¿‡Yi nvwZqvi mg~‡ni Zzjbvg~jK - †K›`ªxq e¨vs‡Ki FY wbqš¿‡Yi
Kvh©KvwiZv we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| nvwZqvimg~n
9. evwYwR¨K e¨vs‡Ki aviYv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - evwYwR¨K e¨vsK 2 72Zg-73Zg
10. evwYwR¨K e¨vs‡Ki FY m„Rb cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| - evwYwR¨K e¨vs‡Ki FY m„Rb
11. AbjvBb e¨vswKs I †gvevBj e¨vswKs‡qi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY - AbjvBb e¨vswKs I †gvevBj e¨vswK Gi 1 74Zg
Ki‡Z cvi‡e| ¸iæZ¡
12. mgvR †mevi †ÿ‡Î evwYwR¨K e¨vsK Gi f~wgKv g~j¨vqb - evwYwR¨K e¨vs‡Ki mgvR †mev Kvh©µg 1 75Zg
Aa¨vq I Aa¨v‡qi cvV¨cy¯Í‡K DwjøwLZ wkLbdj welqe¯‘ cÖ‡qvRbxq K¬v‡mi µg gšÍe¨
wk‡ivbvg (cvV I cv‡Vi wk‡ivbvg) K¬vm msL¨v

Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
me©‡gvU 75
gvb eÈb: cÖ‡kœi aviv I gvb eÈb AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡e|