UNIT 1- MANAGEMENT OF SPORTING EVENTS
Planning is deciding in advance
what to do , how to do it, when to TOURNAMENTS - Tournament is a series of games or matches played among players or teams to
do it and who is to do it. It bridges determine the winner. provide healthy entertainment
is a leadership quality, and includes the gap from where we are and
letting staff know what needs to be where we want to go. a plan
done, by whom and also by when. should be specific, logical, flexible
It includes supervision of personnel and complete in all aspects
while simultaneously motivating Effective planning must clearly
themIt is a function of guiding, define aims, goals and objectives
inspiring and instructing people to of the event
accomplish organizational goals. .
KNOCKOUT TOURNAMENTS
LEAGUE TOURNAMENTS COMBINATION TOURNAMENTS
It is a process of execution of the ▼ (Composite/Hybrid)
plan. Organising stage determines SINGLE KNOCKOUT RULES
the type of jobs and responsibility to • Round Robin / Berger System Used when:
Management refers to BASIC RULES BYE ALLOTMENT
achieve planning objectives. • Invented by Johann Berger • Large no. of teams
the process of PCODS
• Divided into groups/zones
• Matches = N-1 1) N of LH BYE SPLIT
• Rounds = 2ⁿ ≥ N 2) U of UH TYPES: SUBTYPES:
3) U of LH EVEN 1. Single: Play each team ONCE
• Team Split: 4) N of UHODD - LH = UH = N/2
2. Double: Play each team TWICE 1. Knockout-cum-Knockout:
- Even: UH=LH=N/2 UH=N-1/2
- Odd: UH=(N+1)/2 • Zones = 2ⁿ ≥ N
identifying key staff positions, and LH= N+1/2
ensuring that proper talent is serving that LH=(N-1)/2
all the processes that leaders create to monitor FIXTURE METHODS: Bye - means a team is not required to participate in the primary round due to allotment of draws. It
specific job duty in order to achieve the success and the event follows the planned 1. Staircase: should be given to any participating team through random lottery system.
aims and objectives of an organization arrangement . Managing resrources effectively - Matches = N(N-1)/2 or A sportsman in a tournament who is without an opponent
- Rounds: N-1 (even), N (odd) • Uneven distribution of teams in tournament
CONSOLATION TOURNAMENTS
2. Cyclic: • Separate pooling of previous winners in same group to create even competition,
• avoid one team from playing more matches on a single day than the other,
TYPE 1 TYPE 2 - Matches = N(N-1)/2
COMMITTIES-There is no fixed number of committees to be constituted to organise a - For odd teams: Give 1 bye and fix it
sports event; it depends on the number of participants, level of event, and win subsidiary honours
• All 1st-match • Regular-round losers compete in consolation round
losers play again
LAYOUT OF OC 2. League-cum-League:
ADVANTAGES:
✓ Decides strongest winner
TOURNAMENT DIRECTOR/ PRESIDENT - incharge of overall event
▼ ✓ More matches = more practice
DOUBLE KNOCKOUT RULES ✓ Equal chances for all teams
Table: Summary of Community Sports
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE- has 1 member from each committee to take decision etc
✓ Less stress (multiple tries) Aspect Key Points
• Extension of Consolation (Type 2) ✓ Better for audience Definitio Society-based sports activities involving all age groups and vulnerable populations to
• Final: Winner vs Consolation Winner n promote fitness, health & social engagement.
Purpose Health promotion, awareness campaigns, social unity, recreational fun, talent search.
DISADVANTAGES:
▼ Nature Not always competitive; low-threshold & inclusive (volunteers, not officials may conduct
✗ Time/resource-intensive
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES (of knockout) events).
✗ No seeding advantage
✗ Needs more staff/facilities
✓ Less expensive ✗ Good teams eliminated early
✓ Less time/resources ✗ Fear of defeat psychological stress
✓ Higher competition ✗ No comeback for good teams lost
✅ Benefits of Community Sports
interest of viewers inc Dimension Details
3. Knockout-cum-League:
METHOD OF DECIDING WINNER IN LEAGUE Health Improves physical & mental health, reduces lifestyle diseases.
Social Builds friendships, teamwork, belongingness, social bonds.
POINT SYSTEM: Psychologica Boosts self-esteem, personal growth, stress management.
• Winner = 2 points l
• Draw = 1 point each team
Economic Reduces healthcare costs, enhances productivity, involves economically weaker
• Loser = 0 points
sections.
1. BRITISH METHOD:
Percentage = (Total Points Obtained / Total Possible Points) × 100
Aspect Intramural Extramural
Meaning Activities within the institution’s Activities outside the
Types of Community Sports Events
2. AMERICAN METHOD:
walls institution Event Type Purpose / Notes
(Latin: intra=within, muralis=wall). (Latin: extra=outside). Sports Day Celebration of talent, unity, and participation. Held in societies, schools.
Participa Only students from the same Students from different
Health Run Promotes fitness & health awareness. No age bar. Often for charity or awareness.
nts school/college. schools/colleges. 4. League-cum-Knockout:
Objectiv Mass participation, fun, and skill Higher competition, talent Run for Fun Casual, fun events (lemon race, sack race, etc.). Involves kids, parents.
e development. scouting, and progression. Run for Specific Raises awareness (e.g., Cancer, AIDS, environment, gender issues).
Level School-level (e.g., inter-class/house Inter-school, district, state, or Cause
competitions). national level. Run for Unity Promotes brotherhood, integration among people, religions, regions.
Benefits - Builds teamwork, leadership, and - Enhances performance under Games & Sports Local games (kabaddi, kho-kho, gilli danda) to preserve cultural heritage & ensure
sportsmanship. pressure. inclusive participation.
- Promotes health and recreation. - Broadens sports base for
talent identification.
Example Annual sports day, inter-class Zonal matches, open
s tournaments. Bonus GK for Exam
championships, friendly
IMPORTANCE OF TOURNAMENTS • National Sports Day: 29th August (Major Dhyan Chand’s birth anniversary)
matches.
• Fit India Movement: Launched 29th August 2019 by PM Narendra Modi
EXTRAMURAL OBJECTIVES “Swasth vyakti, swasth parivar aur swasth samaj, yahi naye Bharat ko shresth Bharat banane ka
1. Development of Sports Skills: By participating in tournaments various skills of sports are
raasta hai.”
• Performance developed. The participation in tournaments not only develops technical skills of the
INTRAMURAL OBJECTIVES progression (advanced sports but tactical skills also. Players acquire efficiency in skills and thus, they show
competition) improvement in the game.
• Mass participation (all students included) • Talent identification (identify elite
• Group cohesion (teamwork across classes/houses) 2. Help in Popularisation of Sports: Tournaments are helpful in publicising the sports.
players)
• Health & fitness (active lifestyle promotion) When a tournament of a new sport is organised, the spectators come to know about
• Psychological growth (confidence,
• Leadership development (student organizers/captains) stress management) that sport. Thus, it creates interest in that sport.
• Sportsmanship (grace in victory/defeat) • Socialization (networking across 3. Helpful in Selection of Good Players: Good players can be selected easily by observing
• Recreation (fun, stress relief) schools) their performance in the tournament. Those players, who present good performance,
• Skill variety (exposure to new games) • Fitness escalation (higher-level can be selected for upper level tournaments. So, a tournament is the right way to select
• SELECTION FOR EXTRAMURAL training) a good team of players.
• National base (broaden sports 4. Development of Unity and Peace: Sports tournaments help in developing national
pipeline) integration as well as international unity and brotherhood. Tournament is one of the
best means of enhancing international peace and unity.
5. Development of Social Qualities: Social qualities like tolerance, sympathy, cooperation,
brotherhood and discipline, etc. are developed among participants through sports
tournaments.
6. Source of Recreation: Sports tournaments provide ample recreation to the spectators.
For getting recreation, they do not hesitate to spend money. That is why, a large
number of people go to watch the Olympic games and World cups of various games and
sports. So, tournament is a good source of recreation.
7. Development of Ethical Values: Sports tournaments help in the development of ethical
values in the players like honesty, fair play, respect for others etc.
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