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Satellites and Their Uses

India has developed a variety of satellites for communication, earth observation, navigation, meteorology, scientific exploration, and defense. Key satellite series include INSAT/GSAT for communication, IRS/CartoSat for earth observation, NavIC for navigation, and Chandrayaan for space exploration. These satellites serve multiple purposes such as weather forecasting, disaster management, and military surveillance.

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50 views3 pages

Satellites and Their Uses

India has developed a variety of satellites for communication, earth observation, navigation, meteorology, scientific exploration, and defense. Key satellite series include INSAT/GSAT for communication, IRS/CartoSat for earth observation, NavIC for navigation, and Chandrayaan for space exploration. These satellites serve multiple purposes such as weather forecasting, disaster management, and military surveillance.

Uploaded by

phbhardwaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

India has developed a wide array of satellites serving diverse purposes, from communication and navigation to

weather monitoring and earth observation. Here's a breakdown of key Indian satellites and their uses, organized by
category:

1. Communication Satellites

Main Series: INSAT (Indian National Satellite System) & GSAT (Geo-Stationary Satellite)

Uses:

• Television broadcasting (e.g., Doordarshan)

• Telecommunication (phone, internet)

• Disaster warning systems

• Mobile satellite services

• VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) networks for rural connectivity

Examples:

• INSAT-3C, 4A, 4B – Television & telecom

• GSAT-6A – Mobile communication, including for defense

2. Earth Observation Satellites

Main Series: IRS (Indian Remote Sensing), CartoSat, ResourceSat, Oceansat

Uses:

• Crop monitoring

• Urban planning

• Forest and water resource management

• Disaster assessment (floods, cyclones)

• Mapping and infrastructure development

Examples:

• CartoSat-2 Series – High-resolution mapping

• ResourceSat-2 – Agricultural & water resource monitoring

• Oceansat-2 – Ocean studies & fisheries support

• RISAT-2 – Radar imaging for all-weather observation, used also in defense

3. Navigation Satellites

Main Series: IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System), now called NavIC

Uses:

• Navigation for civilians and military

• Vehicle tracking
• Disaster management

• Precision farming

• Fleet management (e.g., for trucks, buses)

Examples:

• IRNSS-1A to 1I – Together form NavIC

4. Meteorological Satellites

Main Series: INSAT, Megha-Tropiques

Uses:

• Weather forecasting

• Cyclone prediction and tracking

• Climate monitoring

• Rainfall data

Examples:

• INSAT-3D & 3DR – Advanced weather forecasting

• Megha-Tropiques – Joint Indo-French mission studying tropical weather

5. Scientific & Interplanetary Satellites

Uses:

• Space science

• Planetary exploration

• Astrophysics and atmospheric studies

Examples:

• Chandrayaan-1 & 2 – Lunar missions

• Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) – Mars exploration

• Aditya-L1 – Studying the Sun (launched in 2023)

• ASTROSAT – India’s first space observatory

6. Defense Satellites

Main Series: GSAT, RISAT, EMISAT

Uses:

• Surveillance

• Reconnaissance

• Secure military communications


• Strategic intelligence

Examples:

• GSAT-7 Series – Used by Indian Navy and Armed Forces

• EMISAT – Electronic intelligence

• RISAT Series – Radar imaging for military and civilian use

Summary Table:

Satellite Series Main Use

INSAT / GSAT Communication & weather

IRS / CartoSat Earth observation & mapping

NavIC (IRNSS) Navigation

RISAT / EMISAT Defense & surveillance

Megha-Tropiques Weather & climate studies

Chandrayaan / MOM Space & planetary exploration

ASTROSAT Astronomy

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