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Components of communication

The document outlines the components and elements of communication, emphasizing the cyclic nature of the process involving sender, message, receiver, and feedback. It details the roles of the sender in planning, encoding, and transmitting messages, as well as the receiver's responsibilities in receiving, decoding, and providing feedback. Effective communication relies on clear messages, appropriate channels, and the active participation of both sender and receiver.

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janhavideshmukh58
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5 views4 pages

Components of communication

The document outlines the components and elements of communication, emphasizing the cyclic nature of the process involving sender, message, receiver, and feedback. It details the roles of the sender in planning, encoding, and transmitting messages, as well as the receiver's responsibilities in receiving, decoding, and providing feedback. Effective communication relies on clear messages, appropriate channels, and the active participation of both sender and receiver.

Uploaded by

janhavideshmukh58
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT-1 Communication Theory and Practices

Components/Elements of communication:

Process of communication starts with sender and comes to an end with the
sender of the message. Hence it is also as “cyclic process.”

Elements of communication are as follows:

1. Sender/Encoder:-The person who initiates process of communication.


His role is planning, encoding and transmitting message through proper
channel. The success of the communication depends on the function of
the sender, the knowledge, ideas and thoughts and the message should
be understandable to the receiver.
Sender’s role:-Role of sender is Planning, Encoding, and transmitting

Sender Planning Encoding Transmitting


Planning:-When any ideas come in to the mind of sender, it may come in an
organised manner. Therefore the sender has to put all the ideas into an
organised manner by deciding the purpose of his communication, and plan the
message accordingly .While planning sender should consider average
intelligence, education level and interest of receiver.

Encoding:-The word ‘encode’ refers to the process of converting plain text


into code or easy language. Code means a system of signals or a series of
symbols, characters, knowledge, in a language understandable to the receiver.
The process aims at making message easy to understand in an effective
manner. For effective communication the sender has to send his messages in a
proper code understandable to the receiver.

Transmitting:-The sender is expected to the transmit message in an effective


way. The sender selects proper channel for transmitting his messages. The
channel may be Verbal or Non-verbal. Verbal consists of oral and written
communication. Non-verbal consists of body language and graphic language.
Oral messages can be transmitted by face-to-face or by using electronic media.
2. Message: - The information which is sent or received is called the
message. The message should be simple and clear so that it can be easily
understood by the receiver. Messages can be in the form of instructions,
feelings, knowledge .When sender organizes these thoughts and ideas in a
proper format to be transferred to the receiver, and this structured form of
thoughts and ideas is called as the message.

3. Encoding:-‘’The process in which the sender puts his/her ideas in


some understandable code and forms the messages is called as
encoding’’.The word ‘encode 'refers to the process of converting plain text
into code. Code means a system of signals or of symbols, character,
knowledge, in a language understandable to the receiver. Encoding points
towards a few necessary steps before the sender actually starts sending the
message .Presenting the message in an attractive and effective way is called as
encoding. For effective communication the sender has to send his messages in
a proper code understandable to the receiver.

4. Media/Channel:-The media through which the message is sent or


received is called as the channel. The most commonly used mediums for
communication include verbal, non verbal. Electronic and mechanical Medias
can be used for sending messages. For transmitting the message, some kind of
medium or channel is essential. It may be face to face message, a conversation
or a written or typed matter or simply some sort of gestures. The channel
bridges the gap between the source and the receiver. A letter may take a few
days to reach its destination.
5. Receiver/Decoder:-The person who receives the message is called as the
receiver .For successful communication the receiver has to receive, interpret or
understand the message. Effectiveness of the feedback depends upon the
capability of the receiver to decode the message.

Role of receiver:-

Receiver Receiving Decoding Giving Feedback


During the communication process both the sender and the receiver need to
take an active part. Both of them have an equal responsibility towards making
communication effective. The receiver has to perform the following functions:

Receiving:-The receiver has to receive the message sent by the sender. The
receiver should also understand the purpose of communication. The message
has to be received with open mind.

Decoding:-Decoding is the part of receiver. Decoding is understanding the


intended message sent by the sender. Decoding of written message requires
reading and comprehending the meaning. For decoding oral message the
receiver should pay attention to listening what the sender is saying.

Feedback:-It is the duty of receiver to send or give feedback to the sender.


Without feedback the communication process remains incomplete. Response
given by the receiver to the sender is called feedback. Through feedback the
sender knows whether his message is understood by the receiver.

6. Decoding:-It is the process of understanding the message. It is done by the


receiver. The process of translation and interpretation of codes and words
used in the message is called decoding. Decoding of written messages requires
reading and comprehending the meaning. For decoding the oral messages the
receiver should pay attention to listening what the sender is saying. The
receiver has to listen to the message carefully and understand the same. The
receiver has his own level of understanding, for decoding he also uses his
previous knowledge.

7. Feedback:-Feedback is the response or reply given by the receiver. It is the


most important and final link in the communication cycle. The process of
communication remains incomplete if there is no response from the receiver.
The sender expects the receiver to show some response or reaction .Feedback
is the knowledge of the result of communication, which can be useful in
undertaking or modifying future communication. Feedback can be of two
types:-Negative and positive feedback

Negative feedback:-Negative feedback tends to raise a person defense. It also


helps the sender what NOT to do in future messages. It also helps in designing
simple messages.

Positive feedback:-It focuses on telling sender what to do; it can be used to


guide future behaviour. It also helps to develop relation of understanding
among communicators.

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