PASSIVE VOICE
example: They built the bridge in 1990.
⟶ The bridge was built in 1990.
A. TENSE
I. Present Simple
example: People like this cat.
⟶ This cat is liked.
I do English exercises twice a week.
⟶ English exercises are done twice a week.
My mother waters the flowers in the garden everyday.
⟶ The flowers in the garden are watered by my mother everyday.
She usually buys books from this bookstore.
⟶ Books are usually bought from this bookstore by her.
He looks after the baby.
⟶ The baby is looked after by him.
Many people often walk the dog in this park.
⟶ The dog is often walked in this park.
FORM: S + Vs/es + O
⟶ S + am/is/are + VPii (By O)
Lưu ý: Trạng từ thời gian đứng cuối câu, sau “By O”
Nếu chủ ngữ ở câu chủ động là: they, we, someone, everyone,...
⟶ Bỏ
example: No one eat this apple.
⟶ This apple is not eaten.
Nếu chủ ngữ là tên riêng
⟶ Bắt buộc phải có
II. Present Continuous
FORM: S + am/is/are + Ving + O
⟶ S + am/is/are + being VPii
example: The girl is singing a song in the kichen.
⟶ A song is being sung in the kitchen by the girl.
My teacher is explaining the lesson.
⟶ The lesson is being explained by my teacher.
I am talking my son to the zoo.
⟶ My son is being taken to the zoo.
Lưu ý: “go”, “walk” là NỘI ĐỘNG TỪ (không có tân ngữ)
⟶ Không có bị động
III. Present Perfect
FORM: S + have/has + VPii + O
⟶ S + have/has been VPii
example: I haven’t visited my grandfather since last year.
⟶ My grandfather hasn’t been visited since last year.
I have done these tasks already.
⟶ These tasks have already been done.
People have bought a lot of goods this year.
⟶ A lot of goods have been bought this year.
IV. Past Simple
FORM: S + Ved + O
⟶ S + was/were + VPii
example: I did my homework last night.
⟶ My homework was done last night.
My son broke the window.
⟶ The window was broken by my son.
V. Past Continuous
FORM: S + was/were + Ving + O
⟶ S + was/were + being VPii + O
example: I was washing dishes when my friend came.
⟶ Dishes were being washed when my friend came.
While I was watching a film, my mother was listening to music.
⟶ While a film was being watched by me, music was being listened to by my mother.
VI. Past Perfect
FORM: S + had VPii + O
⟶ S + had been VPii + O
example: I had drunk some beer before I ate some bread.
⟶ Some beer had been drunk before some bread was eaten.
Peter had bought some novels.
⟶ Some novels had been bought by Peter.
VII. Future Simple + Modal Verbs
FORM: S + will/ modal verbs + V + O
⟶ S + will/ modal verbs + be + VPii + O
example: I will see Tom next week.
⟶ Tom will be seen by me next week.
I am going to meet Mary tomorrow.
⟶ Mary is going to be met tomorrow.
You must do it right now.
⟶ It must be done right now.
You should see a doctor.
⟶ A doctor should be seen by you.
You have to do your homework by Thursday.
⟶ Your homework has to be done by Thursday.
VIII. Future Perfect
FORM: S + will have + VPii + O
⟶ S + will have been + VPii + O
example: She will have finished the program by next week.
⟶ The program will have been finished by her by next week.
Harry will have left this company by the time he gets a new job.
⟶ This company will have been left by Harry by the time he gets a new job.
IX. Tân Ngữ
She is teaching me English.
⟶ I am being taught English by her.
⟶ English is being taught to me by her.
Nguyên tắc:
Nếu lấy tân ngữ gián tiếp của CÂU CHỦ ĐỘNG làm chủ ngữ của CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
⟶ Không cần giới từ
Ngược lại dùng “to” hoặc “for”
+ To: give, send, bring, teach, write, lend, offer,...
+ For: buy, clean, wash, make, cut, do, find,...
example: Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week.
⟶ They were told this story by their grandmother when she was visited her last
week.
B. SPECIAL
I. Thể Truyền Khiến
1.Chủ động
FORM: S + have/has sb + V
S + get sb to + V
2.Bị động
example: I have him cut my hair.
⟶ I have my hair cut by him.
I have my son clean the house.
⟶ I have the house cleaned by my son.
Teachers have students do all their homework.
⟶ Teachers have all their homework done by students.
FORM: S + have/has sb + V
⟶ S + have/get + O + VPii
II. To Verb
example: She loves to sing English songs.
⟶ She loves English songs to be sung.
I want him to finish his work.
⟶ I want his work to be finished by him.
She would like me to introduce her to him.
⟶ She would like to be introduced to him by me.
She would like me to introduce her friend to him.
⟶ She would like her friend to be introduced to him.
My mother wants me to walk the dog.
⟶ My mother wants the dog to be walked by me.
FORM: S + V + to V + O.
⟶ S + V + O + to be + VPii.
III. Ving
example: My mother enjoys watching films.
⟶ My mother enjoys film being watched.
She hates me laughing at her.
⟶ She hates being laughed by me.
I hate him waiting for me.
⟶ I hate being waited for by him.
Lan remembered her father taking her to the zoo.
⟶ Lan remembered being taken to the zoo by her father.
FORM: S + V + Ving + O.
⟶ S + V + O + being + VPii.
IV. Need
1.Động từ khuyết thiếu
Tương tự các động từ khuyết thiếu khác
FORM: S + need + V + O
⟶ S + need + be + VPii + O
example: I need clean my house.
⟶ My house need be cleaned.
She needn’t clean her house.
⟶ Her house needn’t be cleaned.
2.Need (V thường)
FORM: S + need + to V + O
⟶ S + need s/es + to be + VPii + O
example: I need to clean my house.
⟶ My house needs to be cleaned by me.
We need to finish these exercises.
⟶ These exercises need to be finished.
V. Verb Of Opinion
Such as : think, believe, say, report,..
example: They say that I am a thief.
⟶ It is said that I am a thief.
⟶ I am said to be a thief.
People believed that she will get married next month.
⟶ It was believed that she would get married next month.
⟶ She was believed to get married next month.
People think that I had taught here for 3 years.
⟶ It is thought that i had taught here for 3 years.
⟶ I am thought to have taught here for 3 years.
They reported that his house had been destroyed.
⟶ It was reported that his house had been destroyed.
⟶ His house was reported to have been destroyed.
They think that he is living in London.
⟶ It is thought that he is living in London.
⟶ He is thought to be living in London.
Polia said that he was driving home when he was killed.
⟶ It is said that he was driving home when he was killed.
⟶ Polia was said to have been driving home when he was killed.
Chia động từ mệnh đề sau “that”:
+ Present Simple, Future Simple ⟶ to V
+ Past Simple ⟶ to V/ to have VPii
+ Present Perfect, Past Perfect ⟶ to have VPii
+ Present Continuous, Past Continuous ⟶ to be Ving
+ Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous ⟶ to have been Ving
VI. Dùng “Should”
Such as : decide, advise, order, agree, beg,...
FORM: S + V + to V + O
⟶ S + V + that + O + should be + VPii
example: He decided to make some cakes
⟶ He decided that some cakes should be made.
My teacher recommend us to buy this book.
⟶ My teacher recommend us that this book should be bought.
VII. Câu Mệnh Lệnh
FORM: V + O
⟶ Let + O + be + VPii
example: Write your name here, please!
⟶ Let your name be written here.
Don’t take off your hat!
⟶ Don’t let your hat be taken off.
VIII. Cho Phép Ai Đó Làm Gì
example: I allow him to drink = Let him drink.
⟶ He is allowed to drink.
My mother lets me go out with my friends = My mother allows me to go out with
my friends.
⟶ I am allowed to go out with my friends by my mother.
IX. Bị Động Từ Chỉ Giác Quan
Such as : see, hear, watch, smell, feel, notice, ...
1.Chủ động
FORM: S + V + O + V (bare)
S + V + O + V-ing
example: I saw him steal your bike: Nhìn thấy toàn bộ hành động.
I saw him stealing your bike: Nhìn thấy hành động đang diễn ra.
2.Bị động
FORM: S + be + V3/ed (giác quan) + to V / V-ing
example: I saw him steal your bike.
⟶ He was seen to steal your bike.
I saw him stealing your bike.
⟶ He was seen stealing your bike.
Hà Châu
04/06/25
