0% found this document useful (0 votes)
14 views19 pages

Translation

The document outlines the process of translation, where ribosomes synthesize proteins using messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template. It details the steps involved in translation, including activation of amino acids, tRNA charging, initiation, elongation, and termination, as well as the roles of different types of RNA. Additionally, it provides information on the structure and function of ribosomes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Uploaded by

kushalichengal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
14 views19 pages

Translation

The document outlines the process of translation, where ribosomes synthesize proteins using messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template. It details the steps involved in translation, including activation of amino acids, tRNA charging, initiation, elongation, and termination, as well as the roles of different types of RNA. Additionally, it provides information on the structure and function of ribosomes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Uploaded by

kushalichengal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Translation

Dr. Mahesha H B
Associate Professor and Head
Department of Sericulture
Yuvaraja’s College
University of Mysore, Mysuru, India

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 1


Translation is a process where proteins are
made by the ribosomes on the mRNA strand.
Or
The process in the ribosomes of a cell by which a
strand of messenger RNA directs the assembly
of a sequence of amino acids to make a
protein.
DNA RNA PROTEIN

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 2


Site of protein synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Prokaryotic cell

Eukaryotic cell

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 3


Ribosome

0.9X106

5S rRNA with 120 nucleotides


23S rRNA with 2904 nucleotides
31 different proteins
L1,L2,L3,.....

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 4


Steps in Translation

Activation of amino acids

Transfer of amino acid to tRNA (charging of tRNA)

Initiation of synthesis

Elongation of polypeptide chain

Termination of synthesis

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 5


Role of RNAs in translation

tRNA transports amino acids mRNA carries genetic


information

rRNA is integral part of


ribosome

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 6


Activation of amino acids & Charging of tRNA

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 7


3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 8
Initiation of translation

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 9


3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 10
IF 3 Mediates – Shine-Dalgarno
sequence in 16 s rRNA

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 11


3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 12
L and S proteins forms A site and P site

Initiation - over

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 13


Elongation - starts

Pepidyl transfarase centre/ active centre created by L proteins


3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 14
Peptidyl transferase centre/ active centre
Formation by L proteins of large sub unit

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 15


EF-G

ELONGATION - OVER

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 16


RF-
RF-3+GTP

TERMINATION - OVER

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 17


→ → →

IF1,IF2,IF3 +

18
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
TO

INTERNET
FOR
PICTURES

3 September 2017 www.hbmahesh.weebly.com 19

You might also like