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Chicken

The document outlines a lab exercise focused on dissecting a chicken wing to study various tissues and the muscular system. It includes pre-lab questions, background information on the functions of different tissues, and a detailed procedure for the dissection. The lab aims to familiarize students with anatomical structures and their interactions in the body, emphasizing safety and proper techniques.

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2 views5 pages

Chicken

The document outlines a lab exercise focused on dissecting a chicken wing to study various tissues and the muscular system. It includes pre-lab questions, background information on the functions of different tissues, and a detailed procedure for the dissection. The lab aims to familiarize students with anatomical structures and their interactions in the body, emphasizing safety and proper techniques.

Uploaded by

diyaradia06
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chicken Wing Lab: Tissues and Muscular System

Background

Pre-Lab Questions
1. What factors contribute to variation in
muscle mass?
2. What proteins are responsible for
movement?
3. Describe the four connective tissue
components in a skeletal muscle.
4. Create a list of safety precautions and
skills that should be used when
working in groups and in a lab.
5. List (at least three) ways the
muscular, skeletal and integument
systems interact.
Purpose
The purpose of this exercise is to practice manipulating dissecting equipment and become familiar
with organs and tissues found throughout the body of animals.
Background Information
A bird’s wing is made up of groups of tissues and organs working together to perform a job. Before
beginning the dissection, review the functions performed by the tissues and organs.
 Skeletal muscles are attached to bones.
 Skin is the membranous tissue that forms the outer covering of the body that provides a
protective barrier from the outside environment.
 Muscle tissue is composed of bundles of skeletal muscle fibers. When these tissues expand and
contract they produce motion in the wing.
 Fatty tissue, when stored on the underside of the skin, helps to keep the body warm, cushion and
protect other body tissues, and stores vitamins A, D, E, and K.
 Blood vessels are the arteries, veins, and capillaries, which transport blood throughout the body.
Capillaries are too small to be seen without a microscope. Arteries have thicker walls than veins.
 Tendons are especially strong connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones.
 Cartilage helps prevent neighboring bones from grinding against each other.
 Bone provides structural support and manufactures red blood cells.
 Nerves are the bundles of fibers that transmit sensory stimuli and motion impulses.
 Ligaments are strong bands of connective tissue that connect two bones together.

Chicken Wings are homologous to the upper limb of humans; that is, they have many of the same
structures

Procedure
Materials
1. One raw chicken wing for each student. Chicken wings can be purchased at the local
supermarket in the ‘inexpensive’ family pack.
2. Scissors
3. Paper plate
4. Tweezers or forceps

Sequence of Steps
Read the description of each of the tissues or organs and then begin the dissection for that particular
tissue/organ. In the box provided, sketch an illustration of each tissue/organ listed in this lab.
SKIN – The skin is the external covering of the entire
wing. The skin will have a web like appearance
between the bones. Look for evidence that the skin was
covered with feathers. Cut a slit in the skin covering the
largest bone and joint. SKIN

Which joint in your body corresponds to this joint in the chicken wing?
______________________
How does skin provide nonspecific defenses against
infection?__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

CONNECTIVE TISSUE – First lift a corner of the skin and,


with tweezers or forceps, peel it back gently from the
muscle. Notice the shinny, thin, membrane that
surrounds the muscle and attaches the muscle to the
skin. What is this connective tissue layer called? CONNECTIVE TISSUE
___________________

MUSCLE TISSUE – Note the pink-orange bundles of fibers


attached to the bone. This is skeletal muscle tissue.

MUSCLE TISSUE
FATTY TISSUE – Continue to peel back the skin slowly
and gently until you locate a tissue between the skin and
muscle that is yellow in color and greasy to the touch. If
no fatty tissue can be found there, find a thick piece of
skin and proceed to cut through it to see if there is any
fatty tissue. If the lab is utilizing store-bought chicken
wings, it is possible that little or no fat can be observed. FATTY TISSUE

BLOOD VESSELS – With the skin peeled back, scan the


surface of the skeletal muscles for thin red tubes. These
are blood vessels. Arteries and veins might also be
located in bundles of connective tissue with nerves. BLOOD VESSELS

TENDONS – Look at the top of the large bone. Notice the


shiny white piece of connective tissue that attaches
skeletal muscle to bone. These are tendons.
TENDON
CARTILAGE – Examine the top of the large bone. Locate a
pearly white hard tissue found at the ends of the long
bones. This is cartilage.

CARTILAGE

BONE – Cut through the muscle with your scissors to


expose the hard white bone. Bones are hard (but not
solid) tissue made up primarily of calcium and
phosphorus. The scissors will not be able to cross-
sect the bone. Ask the instructor to cut the bone. Look
into the cross-section of the bone; the mass of red
MARROW
tissue is red marrow. It is the red marrow that
manufactures red blood cells. Notice the bone surrounding
the red marrow. The bone itself in not solid, but is an
asymmetrical lattice work of calcium and phosphorus.

Cross section of Bone

NERVES – Nerves are usually found buried deep within an


organism, often lying close to long bones. Sometimes an artery,
vein, and nerve are held together in one bundle of connective
tissue. Gently peel the muscle from the long bone and search
carefully for a thin white threadlike tissue. This is a nerve. If this
does not work, look for a bundle of connective tissue containing NERVES
blood vessels. Gently pry it apart and search for the nerve.

LIGAMENTS – Cut through the skin and muscle down to the joint
between the long bone and the center bone. Locate the strong
white bands of connective tissue that connect the two bones
together at the joint. This is a ligament.

LIGAMENT
Observations (Describe what happened when you pulled on each muscle):
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

CLEAN UP!!

Check your understanding: Answer the following questions based on your


dissection of the chicken wing

1. List five specific tissues that you examined in the chicken wing. Then
describe the structure and function of each.
2. What have you learned about how the muscular, skeletal and integument
systems interact?
3. How do the structures of the human and animal body (such as muscle tissue,
fatty tissue, skin, etc) help keep the internal environment relatively stable?

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