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 Another Random Document on
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The Project Gutenberg eBook of My Story
 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
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eBook.

Title: My Story

Author: Anson Mills

Editor: C. H. Claudy

Release date: February 21, 2018 [eBook #56612]

Language: English

Credits: Produced by Karin Spence and the Online Distributed

Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file
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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MY STORY ***

Compliments of the Author to

Anson Mills
Hannah Cassel Mills
 MY STORY

BY

ANSON MILLS
Brigadier General, U. S. A.

Edited by C. H. Claudy

PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR

1918
PRESS OF BYRON S. ADAMS
WASHINGTON, D. C.
 COPYRIGHT 1918
BY ANSON MILLS, BRIG.-GEN. U. S. A.
 CONTENTS

FIRST PERIOD
PAGE
My Ancestors 25
Privations of the Early Pioneers 31
Charlotteville Academy 37
West Point Military Academy 41
Early Days in Texas 48
El Paso Experiences 51
In Washington 64
My Brothers in Texas 69

SECOND PERIOD
Four Years of Civil War 78
After the War 102
Marriage 114

THIRD PERIOD
Travels West and East 123
Nannie's Impressions of the West 135
Western Experiences 152
Detail to Paris Exposition 177
Out West Again 186
Brevet Commissions in the Army 209
In Washington Again 213
Consolidation of the El Paso and Juarez Street Railways 251
The Reformation of El Paso 253
Mexico 258
Equitable Distribution of the Waters of the Rio Grande 263
Boundary Commission 281
Woman's Suffrage 307
Prohibition 310
Trip to Europe with General Miles 312
My Cartridge Belt Equipment 314
The League to Enforce Peace 332
Trial by Combat 341
Personal Trial by Combat 341
National Trial by Combat 349
Honolulu 355
Conclusion 357

APPENDICES
The Organization and Administration of the United States
Army 361
Address before the Society of the Army of the
Cumberland 382
Address before the Order of Indian Wars, on "The Battle
of the Rosebud" 394
 INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
Anson and Nannie, day before
marriage 117
Anson, day before marriage, with "Big
Four" Cassel girls 117
Banco de Santa Margarita 290, 291
Batchelder, Frank R. 254
Bisbee, Brigadier General William H. 101
Blanco, Jacobo 279
Bridger, Jim 154
Burckhalter, Marietta 29
Burges, Richard F. 295
Cannon, Speaker Joseph 235
315, 316, 319, 320,
Cartridge Belt Equipment
323, 324, 327, 328
Caldwell, Menger 241
Caldwell, Sally 241
Cassel, Mr. and Mrs., with "Auntie" 120
Chamizal Arbitration Commission 296
Clark, Speaker Champ 234
Cleveland, President Grover 226
Cody, W. F. (Buffalo Bill) 154
Commanding Officer's quarters at Ft.
Grant 196
Dennis, William C. 295
Dewey, Admiral George 236
Duelling pistols 340
Fairbanks, Vice-President Charles W. 250
Father and son at fifty-eight and
thirteen years 205
Follett, W. W. 274
Freeman, Brigadier General H. B. 101
Granddaughters, Nancy, Constance
and Mabel 240
Happer, John A. 254
Hazlett, Captain Charles E. 67
Hoar, Senator George F. 228
Horcon cut-off 288, 289
Joint Boundarv Commission 280
Keblinger, W. Wilbur 254
Kelly, Dora Miller 241
Kline, Kathleen Cassel 244
Little Anson at five, and Constance at
two years 187
Little Anson at seventeen months and
twelve years 218
Little Anson's company at Ft. Grant 194
McKinley, President William 227
Map of El Paso 56, 57
Map, Showing the Principal
Engagements, Sioux War 399
Map, Battle of the Rosebud 403
Martin, Captain Carl Anson 244
Martin, Caroline Mills 29
Miles, General Nelson A. 12
Miller, Martin V. B. 241
Mills, Allen 28
Mills, Anson 2
Mills, Emmett 28
Mills, Hannah Cassel 3
Mills, James P. 29
Mills, W. W. 28
Mills Building, El Paso 247
Mills Building, Washington, D. C. 246
Mills Memorial Fountain, Thorntown,
Indiana 242
Moral Suasion Horse at Fort Bridger 110
My abandoned birthplace 39
My family and Commanding Officer's
quarters at Ft. Thomas 191
My father and his daughters 29
Myself with brothers 28
Nannie and Constance at Ft. Grant 202
Nannie's family Bible inscription 185
Nannie's residence at Gloucester
(Bayberry Ledge) 248
Nannie's travels (graphic map) 216, 217
Nannie 215
Nettleton, Colonel E. S. 274
No Flesh (Brulé Chief) 159
No Flesh Battle Picture 160, 161
Orndorff, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas C. 330
Our sitting room at Ft. Grant 198
Our residence in Washington 224
Overton (Captain) with Nancy 239
Overton, Constance Mills 239
Picnic at Ft. Thomas 192
Powell, Major James W. 274
Puga, F. Beltran y 279
Robertson, Jack 154
Root, Senator Elihu 229
Scales and Armor 88
Schley, Admiral Winfield Scott 237
Shepherd, Brigadier General O. L. 101
Smiley, Eliza Jane 29
Spotted Tail (Brulé Chief) 159
Steedman, Major General James B. 101
Stevens, Horace B. 254
Street in El Paso, 1870 188
Summer Camp on Graham Mountain 201
Tepee and capturing officers at Slim
Buttes 110
Wilson, Brigadier General John M.
(classmate) 249
To General Anson Mills
from his friend
Nelson A. Miles
Lieut-General U. S. Army
 PREFACE
Washington, D. C., December 12, 1917.
The record of important events in human affairs as they are
placed upon the pages of history and drift into the shadows of the
past, should be recorded with sacred fidelity. The historian who
places accurate and important knowledge at the disposal of the
present and future students and writers is a public benefactor for
those not only of his own time, but for the generations that shall
follow.
The achievements and failures, the evils and blessings, the
benevolence and the injustice, the rights and wrongs, the ambitions,
wisdom and intelligence, the happiness and nobility, as well as the
distress and sacrifice of a race or people rightly recorded, forms an
invaluable guide and chart for the innumerable throng that occupy
the field of activities and in their turn pass on to be replaced by
others.
Doubly fortunate is the one who takes an important and
distinguished part in the important events of his time, and then can
write an account of those events for the instruction and benefit of
others. It is doubtful if any epoch in history was more important or
freighted with more difficult or greater problems to be solved than
those presented during the time just preceding, during and
subsequent to our great Civil War.
The great Republic formed after seven years of valor and sacrifice
from thirteen weak and scattered colonies, had, through several
decades of unprecedented development and prosperity, become a
most powerful homogeneous nation. In its creation and progress,
there was left one element of discord; one vexed question remained
unsettled that threatened to dismember the government, destroy the
federation and seriously embarrass our advance toward a higher
civilization. When reason became dethroned, logic and argument
failed, the problem had to be settled by the dread arbitrament of
war.
The young men, the very flower of our national manhood, were
required to decide that great problem. For the very important duties
of citizenship and soldier, the distinguished author of this volume
was well equipped for the important duties of that time and to
render important service for his government and the people of our
country.
Descending from the best of ancestral stock, born and reared in
what was known as the Great Middle West, in an atmosphere of
national independence, a region of our country where we find the
highest type of our American civilization, he grew to manhood under
the most favored auspices. Educated at excellent schools and
institutions of learning, his mind became well stored with useful
knowledge concerning his own country and the world. He then went
to that famous military academy, West Point, where he acquired a
thorough military training and those manly attributes for which the
institution is noted. His mind naturally sought wider fields of
usefulness, and when he resigned, he became identified with that
marvelous civil development that has transformed a vast wilderness
and mountain waste into productive communities and States.
As a civil engineer, he was most useful and successful. When the
great crisis came, he was found true and steadfast in his allegiance
to the national welfare amid chaos, doubt and uncertainty. His
loyalty was invaluable, his patriotism sublime; among the first to
volunteer, his record was most commendable and praiseworthy, ever
present in every campaign and battle in which his company or
regiment was engaged. Four times breveted for distinguished
conduct in battle, he fought for a principle, and had the satisfaction
of witnessing its final triumph, and its universal approval by the
civilized world.
In that "war for civilization" on our western frontier, he again
rendered distinguished service, not only by his conspicuous gallantry
in action against Indians, but by his skill and genius as a commander
in achieving success and victory where there was little prospect of
winning either. In a campaign where success depends entirely upon
the ability of the commander, there he succeeded.
During a long life of civil and military achievements, he was
blessed by the companionship of one of the most estimable,
accomplished and noblest of women, whose gentle influence was
refining, whose presence was inspiring, and whose counsel was
most encouraging and beneficial.
A successful life, rich with noble designs and good deeds, General
Mills has contributed a favor in giving to the readers, the result of his
experiences and observations.
These pages are commended to the public with the full knowledge
of the fact that they are written for no selfish purpose, but for the
highest and best of motives.

Nelson A. Miles
Lieut-General U. S. Army

Bayberry Ledge,
East Gloucester, Mass.,
August 31, 1917.
My Dear Daughter Constance:
After retiring from the line of the army, some twenty years
ago, I had no further military duty before me save that of
Commissioner on the Boundary Commission between the United
States and Mexico, which I believed would occupy but a short
time. Your mother and I had permanently located in
Washington. We believed our lives had been so varied—mingling
with so many races during so many vicissitudes and trials—that
it would be interesting to you and your children for me, assisted
by her, to write of our careers. Of this intention we told you in a
letter dated January 1, 1898, that you might help us in such
parts of the story as you were old enough to remember,
although this was but a small part of our long career, you
coming to us when we were middle-aged.
But the duties of the Boundary Commission became so
arduous, and my business increased so as to keep me
strenuously occupied until two years ago. And now, just as I
find time for these reminiscences, the greatest sorrow of my life
has come upon you and me—the loss of your mother. This
shock has been so appalling that it shook my resolution to
attempt the task without her, who had been the inspiration and
chief factor in my life. Before giving up the plan, however, I
submitted it to friends who had been nearest to us during our
married life, and asked their advice. They all think I should not
abandon my first intention of writing my life and career, in which
my wife took so large a part. I record here my letter to Mrs.
Albert S. Burleson and her answer, which is typical of the rest. I
have selected her letter for publication because of its womanly
sentiment, and because the marital life of General Burleson, my
friend for a generation, has been not unlike my own. These
letters are as follows:
Eastern Point,
Gloucester, Mass.,
May 31, 1917.
My Dear Mrs. Burleson:
We, Constance and I, want to thank you and General
Burleson for your card of sympathy.
Twenty years ago, after retirement, I had in mind to write a
reminiscence of my career, but the boundary duties and my
Worcester business so occupied my time that I was unable even
to begin it. Now that Nannie has gone, I reflect that she has
been the inspiration of whatever success I have had in life for
nearly forty-nine years, so that it seems to me that whatever I
do in that line should be devoted to her more than to me. I
have, therefore, about concluded to write something in memory
of her, and I am considering just how to do this. She was so
serene, so unassuming, and so devoutly thankful to the Great
Creator and her forebears for her rich endowments that she had
no incentive to display them, but was always, before all, the
same radiantly beautiful, graceful, modest woman, whose
sparkling eyes and responsive facial expression foretold her
charity for all and malice toward none, that I can not do her too
much honor. From my viewpoint, women have as much right to
be remembered for their work in this world as men. Certainly
she had.
It is difficult to write on such a subject, especially so soon
after my great loss, but, as I have but a brief period in which to
accomplish what I think I ought to do, I want to ask your
judgment as to how I should proceed.
Yours very truly,
Anson Mills.
Mrs. Albert S. Burleson,
1901 F Street, Washington, D. C.

1901 F Street,
June 5, 1917.
Dear General Mills:
I believe it would grieve your wife—could she know—to have
you put aside something you had planned through so many
years to do. Doubtless you frequently discussed the undertaking
with her—perhaps her interest in it was even greater than
yours. And any reminiscence of your life would necessarily
include her life—your life together. In the preparation of such a
book she would continue to be your inspiration, and that
thought alone would give color and strength to all you wrote.
From the viewpoint of a devoted, understanding wife myself, I
feel deeply that her husband's life history would be the most
pleasing of all memorials to her; for surely her memory is
perpetuated in your life.
I should be glad to have you write to me again, and if it is not
painful to you, to come sometime to see us. You must know
that all that concerns you and your wife, whom we too knew as
a "radiantly beautiful, graceful and modest woman," concerns
us.
With high regard and good wishes that time will bring peace
to your wounded heart, believe me,
Faithfully yours,
Adele S. Burleson.

I have two objects in undertaking this work:

First. That I may leave to you, your children, and their
descendants, some evidence of who and what their forebears
were.
Second. To give our collateral relatives something that may
interest and possibly encourage them.
As far as practicable, I shall tell the story chronologically,
dividing the narrative into three periods: first, my childhood, and
up to the time of the Civil War, when I was commissioned in the
army; second, the period of the Civil War up to my marriage;
and, third—by far the most important—our history as man and
wife for nearly forty-nine years.
It may be my narrative runs too much to sentiment—but
there is sentiment in our Flag; in the Declaration of
Independence; in the Constitution—but we can not make them
commercial assets. It was sentiment that caused the armies of
the "Blue and the Gray" to amaze the world with the most
sanguinary and chivalrous war ever waged during all the tide of
 time; and it was sentiment that in a few years brought these
foes together as one harmonious people. The want of sentiment
caused the Goths and Vandals to degenerate into what their
name now implies. The same may be said of the Hessians of
our War for Independence. The want of sentiment required
300,000 British soldiers, and half as many American mules,
three years to overcome 40,000 Boers imbued with sentiment,
which brought peace without vainglorious victory.
Anson Mills.

I am appending at the end of this book three papers which Mrs.

Mills assisted me in preparing, as follows:
"Organization and Administration of the Army;" "Address to the
Society of the Army of the Cumberland;" "Address to the Order of
Indian Wars."
 FOREWORD
I am eighty-three years old, having lived two-thirds of the
constitutional life of this great Republic, which I believe the greatest
institution for self-government ever devised.
Counting service as a cadet, in the line of the army proper, and as
a Boundary Commissioner, I have served fifty-four years, nine
months and four days in the United States Army; longer, I believe,
than any other officer.
Mrs. Mills and I often congratulated ourselves that we lived in this
nation and generation. In no other could we have seen and enjoyed
so much, conducive to the belief that mankind was rapidly advancing
to the greatest possible perfection.
Of the four greatest scourges, war, pestilence, famine and flood,
we have seen the three latter almost entirely eradicated.
Only the scourge of war, the most cruel, barbarous and destructive
of all, is left uncontrolled and unhampered, although there is hope
this may soon be so restrained that it will be no longer a menace.
We have seen the nation develop from twenty millions to over one
hundred millions of the most civilized, righteous and just people. We
have seen it become foremost in the sciences, arts and industries.
We have seen sixty per cent of hand labor transferred to machinery;
we have watched railroad and steamboat transportation develop
from their infancy; we watched the birth of electric light and power;
we have seen the bicycle, motorcycle, automobile, sewing machine,
knitting machine, typewriter, telegraph and its wireless associate,
telephone, dirigible balloon, aeroplane, undersea boat, washing
machine, power printing press, linotype, and hundreds of other
inventions developed to their present perfection.
 We have had a part in the pride that most of these betterments
were brought about by the study, energy and ability of Americans,
who, by reason of their superior inventive genius, excelled the rest
of the world in manufacture.
We, too, tried to invent and discover. If we constantly combated
what we believed to be error, ignorance, inertia, and non-
progressiveness, it was because we tried to lead those believing, as
we did, that their souls should lend the best in them to pave the way
for those coming after.
As the spirit, impulse and efforts of the two characters portrayed
in these reminiscences have been those of reformers striving for the
advancement of their fellow men, it is probable that a free criticism
of errors and wrongs will incite a suspicion that they are relating
grievances. Therefore, I ask the reader to distinguish between
vindictiveness and vindication. What I here record is not a relation of
grievances, but an endeavor to explain to those who have the
courage to follow our line of life, the antagonisms we met. For those
who are willing to live a commonplace life, it is perhaps better to
observe the opinions and customs of neighbors and those in
authority, but for others it is sometimes wise courageously to defy
and disobey injurious and useless commands. Such actions often
injure the reputation of the reformer for a time, but eventually they
will distinguish him above the large number of his fellows:

"... who yearly creep

Into the world to eat and sleep,
And know no reason why they are born,
Save to consume the wine and corn,
Devour the cattle, fowl and fish,
And leave behind an empty dish."
 FIRST PERIOD

My Ancestors
I was born near Thorntown, Indiana, August 21, 1834.
My father, James P. Mills, third child of James Mills 2nd and Marian
Mills, was born in York, Pennsylvania, August 22, 1808. His father,
James Mills 2nd, was born October 1, 1770, and died December 3,
1808.
My father's mother died in 1816, leaving him an orphan at the age
of eight. He lived with his Aunt Margery Mills Hayes for about two
years, when he was "bound out" as an apprentice to a tanner by the
name of Greenwalt, at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Here he was to
serve until twenty-one, when he was to receive one hundred dollars
and a suit of clothes. All the knowledge that he had of books was
derived from night school, Greenwalt not permitting him to attend
during the day. His apprenticeship was so hard he ran away when
twenty, forfeiting the hundred dollars and the clothes.
His only patrimony was from his grandfather, James Mills I, who,
as father told me, sent for him on his deathbed and, patting him on
the head, said: "I want Jimmy to have fifty pounds."
After running away, my father went to Geneva, New York, and
served as a journeyman until twenty-two. With his inheritance of
$250, he and his brother Frank started West in a Dearborn wagon,
crossing the Alleghenies. He traveled to Crawfordsville, Indiana, and
here, about 1830, entered eighty acres of the farm on which I was
born. The land was covered with walnut, oak and ash, many of the
trees being one hundred feet high and three or four feet in diameter.
Felling and burning the trees, he built his house with his own hands,
neighbors aiding in raising the walls.
 My father had little knowledge of his ancestors, other than that
they were Quakers, but, by correspondence with officials of counties
where his ancestors lived, I have learned that the first of his family
came over with William Penn and settled in Philadelphia.
My father married Sarah Kenworthy, on November 22, 1832. My
mother was born December 30, 1810, at Coshocton, Coshocton
County, Ohio, and died on the farm September 4, 1849 (before the
daguerreotype, hence I have no picture of her). The Kenworthy
family had only recently emerged from Quakerdom, and were known
as "Hickory Quakers," so I am of Quaker descent through both my
parents. My mother's father, William Kenworthy, born January 22,
1780 (presumably in Guilford County, North Carolina), lived about a
mile and a half from our place, and died at Thorntown, August 31,
1854. In North Carolina he married Lucretia, the third child of my
great grandmother, whose maiden name was Lydia Stroud, and who
was born in 1765, near Guilford Court House, Guilford County, N. C.
She married Jacob Skeen, and had eight children: Abraham, Mary,
Lucretia, Jacob, Clarissa, John, Sarah and Lydia.
Her second child, my mother's Aunt Mary (Polly), married
Benjamin Hopkins, whose death left her with four children in
indigent circumstances. With her two daughters, Betty and Lydia,
she lived in a small cabin almost in sight of my mother's house.
Later these two girls came to live with my mother, picking, carding,
spinning and weaving wool into Kentucky jeans and linsey-woolsey,
which they made into garments for the family.
My first useful labor, when I was perhaps seven or eight years old,
was to "hand in" the warp, thread by thread, to these girls as they
passed it through the reed and harness of the loom. The knowledge
I thus acquired of warp and woof laid the foundation of my future
financial success.
About 1844 my great grandmother Stroud came to live with us. I
remember well the stories she told me of the outrages of Lord
Rawdon's troops when he invaded North Carolina with the Hessians
and destroyed her father's property. Her father was once arrested for
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