Questions on Introduction to IT Systems:

Definition and Block Diagram of Computer System:

1.​ A computer system is best defined as:

a) A collection of hardware components.

b) A collection of software programs.

c) An electronic device that manipulates data according to a set of instructions.

d) All of the above

2.​ The basic block diagram of a computer system consists of:

a) CPU and Memory.

b) Input Unit and Output Unit.

c) CPU, Memory, Input Unit, and Output Unit.

d) Software and Hardware.

3.​ Which unit is responsible for accepting data and instructions from the outside world?

a) CPU

b) Memory Unit

c) Input Unit

d) Output Unit

4.​ The processed information is presented to the user through the:

a) CPU

b) Memory Unit

c) Input Unit

d) Output Unit

5.​ The "brain" of the computer system is the:

a) Memory Unit
 b) Input Unit

c) Output Unit

d) CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Components of Computer System - Hardware and Software:

6.​ The physical components of a computer system that you can touch and feel are called:

a) Software

b) Firmware

c) Hardware

d) Applications

7.​ The set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do is called:

a) Hardware

b) Firmware

c) Software

d) Peripheral Devices

8.​ Which of the following is an example of hardware?

a) Microsoft Word

b) Windows 10

c) Keyboard

d) Antivirus Software

9.​ Which of the following is an example of software?

a) Monitor

b) Mouse

c) Operating System

d) Motherboard
 10.​Firmware is a type of:

a) Application Software

b) System Software

c) Hardware

d) Both Hardware and Software

Hardware Components:

11.​The CPU is primarily responsible for:

a) Storing data

b) Executing instructions

c) Displaying information

d) Inputting data

12.​The two main parts of the CPU are:

a) RAM and ROM

b) ALU and Control Unit

c) Input and Output Units

d) Hardware and Software

13.​Which type of memory is volatile (loses data when power is off)?

a) ROM

b) PROM

c) EEPROM

d) RAM

14.​Which type of memory is primarily used to store the operating system and boot
programs?

a) RAM

b) Cache Memory
 c) ROM

d) Secondary Storage

15.​Cache memory is a:

a) Slow and large memory

b) Fast and small memory used to speed up access to frequently used data

c) Permanent storage device

d) Type of secondary storage

16.​Which of the following is a type of volatile memory?

a) Static RAM (SRAM)

b) Programmable ROM (PROM)

c) Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM)

d) Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM)

17.​CRT, LCD, and LED are types of:

a) Input Devices

b) Storage Devices

c) Display Units

d) Pointing Devices

18.​Which display unit technology uses liquid crystals to display images?

a) CRT

b) LCD

c) LED

d) Plasma

19.​A keyboard is a common:

a) Output Device

b) Storage Device
 c) Input Device

d) Processing Unit

20.​A mouse is primarily used for:

a) Typing text

b) Printing documents

c) Pointing and selecting objects on the screen

d) Storing large amounts of data

21.​HDD stands for:

a) Hard Digital Drive

b) High-Density Drive

c) Hard Disk Drive

d) Hybrid Data Drive

22.​SSD stands for:

a) Solid State Disk

b) Secondary Storage Device

c) Serial System Drive

d) Simple Storage Device

23.​Which storage device generally offers faster data access speeds?

a) HDD

b) SSD

c) Blu-ray Disc

d) Magnetic Tape

24.​A printer is an example of a/an:

a) Input Device

b) Processing Device
 c) Output Device

d) Storage Device

25.​A scanner is an example of a/an:

a) Input Device

b) Processing Device

c) Output Device

d) Storage Device

Software:

26.​Software that is designed to perform specific tasks for the user is called:

a) System Software

b) Utility Software

c) Application Software

d) Operating System

27.​Examples of Application Software include:

a) Operating Systems and Device Drivers

b) Word Processors and Spreadsheets

c) Antivirus and Disk Defragmenters

d) BIOS and Firmware

28.​Software that manages and controls the computer hardware is called:

a) Application Software

b) Utility Software

c) System Software

d) Firmware

29.​An Operating System is a type of:

b) Utility Software

c) System Software

d) Firmware

30.​Software designed to analyze, configure, optimize, or maintain a computer is called:

a) Application Software

b) System Software

c) Utility Software

d) Firmware

Overview of Operating Systems:

31.​An Operating System (OS) acts as a/an __________ between the user and the computer
hardware.

a) Application

b) Interface

c) Program

d) Network

32.​Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an Operating System?

a) Resource Management

b) Providing a user interface

c) Running application software

d) Designing computer hardware

33.​The first operating systems were primarily:

a) Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs)

b) Command Line Interfaces (CLIs)

c) Mobile Operating Systems

34.​Which of the following is an early example of an operating system?

a) Windows 10

b) macOS

c) MS-DOS

d) Android

35.​The evolution of operating systems has seen a shift towards:

a) Simpler, single-tasking systems

b) More complex, multi-user, multitasking systems

c) A decrease in the variety of OS types

d) A focus solely on command-line interfaces

Types of OS:

36.​An operating system that processes jobs in predefined batches without user interaction
during processing is called a

a) Real-time OS

b) Time-sharing OS

c) Batch Processing OS

d) Multitasking OS

37.​An operating system that allows multiple programs to reside in memory and be executed
concurrently by rapidly switching between them is called a:

a) Batch Processing OS

b) Real-time OS

c) Multiprogramming OS

d) Single-user OS
 38.​An operating system designed for systems where immediate response is critical is called
a:

a) Batch Processing OS

b) Time-sharing OS

c) Real-time OS

d) Multitasking OS

39.​An operating system that allows multiple users to share a single computer system
simultaneously by allocating time slices to each user is called a:

a) Batch Processing OS

b) Multiprogramming OS

c) Real-time OS

d) Time-sharing OS

40.​A mobile operating system like Android is an example of a:

a) Batch Processing OS

b) Real-time OS

c) Multitasking OS

d) Time-sharing OS

OS Processing:

41.​In a batch processing system, jobs are processed:

a) One at a time with user interaction

b) Simultaneously by multiple processors

c) In groups without user intervention during execution

d) Based on priority assigned by the user

42.​Multiprogramming aims to improve CPU utilization by:

a) Executing multiple jobs sequentially

b) Keeping the CPU busy by having multiple jobs in memory

d) Minimizing the number of programs in memory

43.​Multitasking allows a single user to:

a) Run multiple programs seemingly at the same time

b) Share the computer with multiple users

c) Process jobs in batches

d) Control hardware directly

44.​A hard real-time operating system guarantees:

a) Best-effort service for critical tasks

b) Completion of critical tasks within strict time constraints

c) Fair allocation of resources to all tasks

d) High throughput for non-critical tasks

45.​In a time-sharing system, each user gets a small fraction of CPU time known as a:

a) Batch

b) Quantum or Time Slice

c) Frame

d) Block

Operating System Structures:

46.​In a monolithic operating system structure:

a) The kernel is divided into independent modules

b) All operating system components are integrated into a single kernel

c) User services and kernel services are strictly separated

d) Microkernels handle most system services

47.​A modular operating system structure allows:

a) Only essential components in the kernel

c) All services to run in user space

d) Limited communication between components

48.​A microkernel operating system structure has:

a) A large kernel containing all system services

b) A small kernel providing minimal services, with other services running in user space

c) A fixed number of kernel modules

d) No distinction between kernel and user space

49.​The layered operating system structure organizes components:

a) Based on their priority

b) Hierarchically, with each layer providing services to the layer above it

c) In a mesh-like network for efficient communication

d) Randomly for flexibility

50.​Which operating system structure offers the benefit of easier debugging and maintenance
due to its modularity?

a) Monolithic

b) Layered

c) Modular and Microkernel

d) Simple Structure

The Number System

51.Which of the following codes represents each decimal digit (0-9) with a 4-bit binary
number?

​ a) Gray Code

b) ASCII Code

c) BCD Code
 ​ d) Unicode​

52.What is the primary characteristic of Gray Code?

a) It is used for representing alphanumeric characters.

b) Only one bit changes between successive code words.

c) It uses 8 bits to represent each symbol.

d) It is a weighted code.​

53.ASCII Code is primarily used for representing:

a) Decimal digits only.

b) Alphanumeric characters and control characters.

c) Graphical symbols only.

​ d) Instructions for the processor.​

54.How many bits are typically used to represent a character in the standard ASCII Code?

a) 4 bits

b) 7 bits

c) 8 bits

d) 16 bits​

55.Unicode commonly uses which of the following encoding schemes?

a) Binary Coded Decimal (BCD)

b) Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC)

c) UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-32

​ d) American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)​

56.ISCII is an 8-bit code designed to represent characters of:

b) East Asian languages.

c) Indian scripts.

d) Arabic scripts.​

57.In BCD (Binary Coded Decimal), the decimal number 9 is represented as:

a) 1001

b) 1111

c) 0110

d) 1000​

58.Which of the following codes is a non-weighted code?

a) BCD Code

b) ASCII Code

c) Gray Code

d) EBCDIC Code​

59.The primary advantage of Gray Code in applications like rotary encoders is to:

a) Simplify arithmetic operations.

b) Reduce the chance of erroneous readings.

c) Increase the number of representable symbols.

d) Improve data transmission speed.​

60.Which code is suitable for direct use in decimal arithmetic?

a) Gray Code

b) ASCII Code

​ c) BCD Code
 d) Unicode​

61.How many different characters can be represented by a 7-bit ASCII code?

a) 16

b) 32

c) 64

d) 128​

62.Which of the following codes uses 8 bits to represent a character, allowing for 256 different
characters?

​ a) Standard ASCII

​ b) BCD

c) Gray Code

d) Extended ASCII and EBCDIC​

63.The main goal of Unicode is to overcome the limitations of:

a) Binary arithmetic.

b) Error detection codes.

c) Traditional character encoding schemes.

d) Data compression techniques.​