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Drug-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Urological Infection

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a significant issue in clinical medicine, with up to 60% of acute kidney injury (AKI) cases linked to medications such as aminoglycosides, NSAIDs, contrast agents, and ACE inhibitors. The condition can lead to costly interventions and hospitalization. Common pathogenic mechanisms include altered hemodynamics, tubular cell toxicity, inflammation, and crystal nephropathy.

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4 views18 pages

Drug-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Urological Infection

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a significant issue in clinical medicine, with up to 60% of acute kidney injury (AKI) cases linked to medications such as aminoglycosides, NSAIDs, contrast agents, and ACE inhibitors. The condition can lead to costly interventions and hospitalization. Common pathogenic mechanisms include altered hemodynamics, tubular cell toxicity, inflammation, and crystal nephropathy.

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anhphacthai108
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Drug-induced nephrotoxicity

Introduction
• Nephrotoxicity occurs when kidney-specific detoxification and excretion do not
work properly due to the damage or destruction of kidney function by exogenous
or endogenous toxicants.
• Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a common problem in clinical medicine and the
incidence of drug-related acute kidney injury (AKI) may be as high as 60 percent .
The condition can be costly and may require multiple interventions, including
hospitalization.
• Aminoglycoside antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
contrast agents, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are the
most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients
Pathogenic Mechanisms

• Most drugs found to cause nephrotoxicity exert toxic effects by one or


more common pathogenic mechanisms. These include altered
intraglomerular hemodynamics, tubular cell toxicity, inflammation,
crystal nephropathy, rhabdomyolysis, and thrombotic
microangiopathy.
Mechanisms of drug-induced acute tubular injury
Pathogenesis of drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis.
Pathogenesis of drug-induced crystalline-related AKI
Urological Infections
Urological Infections
• The European Association of Urology (EAU) Urological Infections
Guidelines Panel (https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urological-
infections)

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