Formulation and Evaluation of Moringa Oleifera-Enriched Herbal Tooth Powder

ABSTRACT:-

The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of an herbal tooth powder (tooth
powder) using Moringa oleifera leaves powder as the main ingredient, combined with other
traditional herbal components including neem, clove, turmeric, liquorice, mint, rock salt, and
activated charcoal. Herbal oral care formulations have gained popularity due to their safety,
efficacy, and natural therapeutic actions such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and astringent
effects. The formulation was prepared using standard procedures and evaluated for organoleptic,
physicochemical, and functional parameters including pH, moisture content, water and acid
soluble extractive values, spreadability, and abrasiveness. The results showed the formulation had
a neutral pH of 7.0, low moisture content (3.6%), acceptable extractive values (water: 8.4%, acid:
2.8%), good spreadability (5.1 cm), and mild abrasiveness. All values were within standard
acceptable ranges, confirming the formulation’s safety and effectiveness. This study highlights the
potential of Moringa oleifera-based tooth powder as a natural, stable, and efficient alternative to
chemical-based oral hygiene products.

KEYWORDS: Herbal tooth powder, Moringa oleifera, Oral hygiene, Physichochemical

evaluation, Natural formulation

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1. INTRODUCTION:-
WHO estimates that 80 of the world’s population, particularly those living in developing nations,
calculate on plant derived specifics for their healthcare, and there's growing interest in traditional
drug worldwide. (1) Natural products are secure, affordable, and work as strong backups for the
chemotherapeutics now in use, which have negative side goods and increased bacterial resistance.
India, a country famed for its ancient medical practises, has long been intrigued by the hunt for
indispensable remedial modalities including natural particulars. (2) Maintaining excellent
appearance, one’s opinion of themselves, and their sense of confidence all depend heavily on oral
hygiene. The crown and the root are the two introductory factors of a tooth. Enamel, the hardest
towel in the tooth, covers the tooth's external face at the tooth's crown. Away from hydroxyl apatite,
the main constituents of enamel include keratin and water. Dentine is the subcaste of hydroxyl
apatite that lies beneath the enamel. (3) also, 70 of the collagen water is present. The primary
element in dentine is fluorine. Slaver is also present in the mouth, making it easier to swallow
food. The primary substance used to slick reflections and maintain an ideal oral terrain is slaver.
The lingual, labial, buccal, and palatal glands are the larger and lower bones

That continuously induce slaver to keep the terrain around the teeth in a dynamic state. Slaver
contains inorganic substances similar calcium, chloride, sodium, phosphate, potassium ions,
bacteria, enzymes, proteins, and mucin polysaccharide. (4) The three most significant dental
problems are math, shrine, and periodontal infections. Math is formed as a result of mineralized
deposit, which is substantially brought on by bacterial action. These ails can be treated and averted
by brushing daily and using effective toothpastes and tooth mucilages because they’re primarily
brought on by neglect in acceptable dental care. (5) Dental shrine are sticky flicks that fleeces teeth
and may contain bacteria. Dental shrine hardens and becomes hard to remove if it isn’t excluded
while It's still soft. (6) Tooth damage from dental shrine can affect in tooth decay or tooth loss.
Although frequent, periodontitis is largely avoidable. Generally, shy dental hygiene is the
malefactor. Loss of teeth can affect from periodontitis. (7) To help and manage bad breath and
tooth decay, dentifrice can be used as a precautionary ornamental treatment for teeth. Dentifrice

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can be made using both natural and artificial substances. Grounded on their abrasive rates, tooth
mucilages and pastes are applied to the teeth and rub against them, helping to remove the minerals
and food patches that have been deposited there. (10,11)

The herbal dentifrices come in a variety of forms, including toothpaste, mouthwash, and tooth
greasepaint. Because tooth greasepaint and toothpaste contain chemicals with antibacterial and
antiseptic parcels and that feel fresh and cool, they’re helpful at removing shrine. (12) The thing
of this trouble was to make a tooth greasepaint that will be used as a tool permanently oral hygiene
and to combat the negative goods of ancient tooth greasepaint made of artificial substances. The
tooth greasepaint was ready by victimisation using constituents that posses the bactericide,
antiseptic and cooling parcels. Myrobalan greasepaint Amla greasepaint, clove greasepaint,
cinnamon greasepaint, neem greasepaint, are some of the constituents which were employed in
this work to formulate ideal tooth greasepaint which may satisfy all the specified parcels to stay
the mouth clean and forestall carries (13). In the current study, A herbal dentifrice was studied
using organoleptic, physiochemical, physical, and phytochemical parcels. Tooth greasepaint helps
whiten teeth and freshens breath (14) Herbal toothpowder contains a lot of calcium, trace minerals,
and antibacterial sauces. Baking soda pop changes the pH of the mouth, which lowers the quantum
of origins that causes depressions. The calcium and trace minerals help to restore dental enamel,
while the sauces have antibacterial parcels and encourage goo blood inflow. For its superior quality
and longer shelf life, herbal tooth greasepaint is well regarded. A tooth- drawing agent comprised
nearly entirely of natural accoutrements is known as herbal tooth greasepaint (15)

1.1. CURRENT SITUATION OF TOOTH POWDER:-

Presently, 66 percent of Indian families use toothpaste, 24 percent use toothpowder, and 18 percent
do not use any toothpaste, according to IRS data (those who use neither toothpastes nor
toothpowders). These numbers are not each that stunning in and of themselves as a result of but
generally cleaner and tooth greasepaint unit of dimension employed in Republic of Asian nation.
Indeed but, some folks use each tooth greasepaint and dentifrice as a result suppose that rubbing
their epoxies with tooth greasepaint is that the stylish thanks to maintain smart dental hygiene.
Moment, toothpowders square measure fashionable among guests far and wide the earth. Moment,
there are multitudinous cases of transnational pots introducing toothpowder in their home requests.

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Still, toothpowder demand is far lower than toothpaste demand. Still, certain consumers,
particularly elderly individualities, are devoted to tooth greasepaint.

1.2. TYPES OF TOOTH POWDER:-

1. Whitening tooth greasepaint a thing is to ameliorate breath quality, mend epoxies, and reduce
oral inflammation. A person’s teeth can be polished and made whiter with tooth greasepaint.

2. Natural tooth greasepaint-Natural tooth greasepaint constantly contains factors like ocean swab,
which has an abrasive effect, natural chalk, and some essential canvases including peppermint,
eucalyptus, and wintergreen.

3. Herbal tooth greasepaint- Herbal tooth greasepaint is also salutary for sore or bleeding epoxies.
Constituents in herbal tooth greasepaint can vary. White complexion, pulverized chalk, and
incinerating soda pop are each current. Since ancient times, there has been herbal tooth greasepaint.

4. Manual tooth greasepaint- These mucilages can be produced at home as well. Because it’s less
precious, the person producing it’ll know precisely what factors he’s putting in his mouth, and it’s
safe for kiddies, manual herbal tooth greasepaint can be profitable.

1.3. Advantages of Herbal Tooth powder :-

 Maintain oral hygiene.

 Fight against bad breath. Prevents shrine conformation.
 Cures tooth perceptivity and toothache.
 Relieves painful, bleeddy and spongy epoxies in gingivitis.
 Chemical free – contains no parabens and no sulphates. Easy to use.

1.4. Disadvantages of Tooth Powder:-

 Not suitable for oral administration of bitter drugs.

 Dispensing of powder is a time-consuming process
 In powders for external use, it requires finest state of sub- division in powders. Hence,
become costly
 Powders are inconvenient to handle and administer as compared to tablets and capsules.

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1.5. Need to Prepare Herbal Tooth powder:-

The primary thing of this invention is to produce a expression that may be used to replace the
disadvantages of earlier tooth mucilages with a natural herbal tooth greasepaint. Another thing is
to produce a high- quality tooth greasepaint that, when applied constantly, can effectively shield
teeth against toxin, toxic residue, and inflammation. It should not leave stains on teeth or fritters
after use, have a nice odour, and meet ornamental norms. A demand of the expression would be to
fade teeth by removing stains. a expression with natural sweet and medicinal sauces that are safe,
biodegradable, and have veritably low mammalian toxin is yet another thing of the current
invention. These sauces are helpful for epoxies and teeth. (16)

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2. LITERATURE REVIEW:-

1. Valkenburg et al. (2019) Reviewed that Each person’s health is a valued possession. The quality
of life is significantly impacted by oral health, which is a pivotal element of overall health. One of
the abecedarian factors of dental health is a healthy dentition.

2. Ledder et al. (2014) Reviewed that an essential oral hygiene practise, brushing your teeth
prevents the buildup of oral biofilms that could else affect in tooth caries, gingivitis, and
periodontal complaint

3. Shukla et al. (2019) Reviewed that if the infection is not treated. Opportunistic bacteria, which
are generally not dangerous, make up the mouth’s natural foliage. This situation’s imbalance leads
to tooth decay and infection. Tooth decay is caused by the acid- producing bacteria Streptococcus
mutans, which ferments carbohydrates

4. Prabha et al. (2014) Reviewed that remedies have a long history of use, are more patient-
friendly, and are well accepted by the general population. Our only chance for sustainable force of
further affordable specifics for the world’s expanding population is that medical shops.
Environmentally friendly styles are used for the product and processing of medicinal shops and
herbal products. In developing nations like India with vast agro-climatic, artistic, and ethnical
biodiversity, the vacuity of medicinal shops isn’t a problem.

5. Saloni et al. (2016) Reviewed there are claims that certain herbal factors have amazing salutary
benefits on a range of dental issues, similar as by creating a defensive subcaste over teeth,
supplying newness, plying an antibacterial impact, and reducing dental pain

6. Arshad et al. (2020) Reviewed that herbalism is the practise of using shops and factory-
grounded products for medical purposes. Any part of the factory can be used to make a herbal
product, but the most common corridor are the roots, leaves, flowers, and dinghy

7. Kadam et al. (2011) Reviewed that Indeed in the field of dentistry, interest in using products
with a herbal base is growing. There are numerous sauces that have been shown to have an

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antiseptic effect. Multitudinous sauces are being used in India moment to clean teeth. however,
this will be pivotal for maintaining dental health and for treating periodontal issues in a further
cost-effective and secure manner.

8. Ganesan et al. (2008) Reviewed that if sauces are proven to be helpful at reducing shrine.
Abrasives like crushed bone, climbed eggs, and oyster shells were formerly used to remove dirt
from teeth in early attempts at dental cleaning. The first significant development was tooth
mucilages, which contained constituents like pulverized water colour. Dinghy greasepaint and
some flavour complements are applied to the teeth with a simple stick.

9. Devi et al. (2019) Reviewed that there are frequently no chemicals, dangerous substances, water,
preservatives, etc. in tooth greasepaint. It’s simple to use, effectively cleans teeth, and promotes
dental health.

10. Ojha et al. 2018) Reviewed that due to the unwelcome side goods of manmade treatments,
experimenters are trying to concentrate more on herbal specifics. Insulated shops and shops show
goods that are Anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and immunological boosting parcels.

11. Chidi et al. (2022) Reviewed that making tooth mucilages at home is easy and affordable.
Different crude specifics are added to herbal tooth mucilages to help clean the mouth. The
physiochemical characteristics of allopathic and herbal mucilages may depend on the
micromeritics of the patches as all of these constituents are made up of fine patches

12. Singh et al. (2016) Reviewed that Due to lesser public knowledge of the toxic and dangerous
goods of chemicals, people are getting more interested in using substances that are natural, and the
creation of cosmetics is a result of the longstanding operation of herbal treatments. People used
natural products in earlier days to maintain their oral hygiene and refreshen their breath. Dental
health is a good index of overall heartiness. In semi-urban and pastoral areas of India, toothpowder
is the most frequently habituated system of oral hygiene due to budget considerations as well as
the false belief that these locally produced herbal products may be good for dental and gingival
health

13. Manly et al. (2018) Reviewed that toothpowder and toothpaste partake the same constituents,
but toothpowders do not have any humectants, water, or binding agents. The expression was
assessed in agreement with Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia norms and WHO recommendations

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14. Bharathi et al. (2020) Reviewed that the main purpose of toothpowder is to clean the available
shells. Chancing an effective herbal dental care expression could be a good volition to using
antibiotics to treat oral infection conditions like dental caries because the maturity of representative
mortal cariogenic bacteria are relatively resistant to antibiotics

15. Madhulata et al. (2021) Reviewed that The end of the expression and evaluation of herbal
tooth greasepaint is to give a natural and effective volition to conventional toothpaste, promoting
oral health and hygiene while minimizing the use of synthetic component.

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3. AIM AND OBJECTIVE

3.1. Aim:- Formulation and Evaluation of Moringa Oleifera-Enriched

Herbal Tooth Powder

3.2. Objective:- The study aims to formulate a herbal TOOTH POWDER using moringa olefera
leaves (Moringa Leaf) powder as the main ingredient and evaluate its physicochemical and
organoleptic properties.

3.3. Ideal Properties:-

 Good abrasive effect

 Non-irritant and non-toxic
 Impart no stains on teeth
 Keep the mouth fresh and clean.
 Economically and easily available.
 Prolonged refreshing effect
 It provides polishing effect.
 It should be finely powdered
 Compatible with sweetening and flavouring agents
 Must reduce the tooth decay.
 It provides healthier gums.

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4. PLAN OF WORK:-

Selection of Research Topic.

Literature Survey

Selection of Herbal Ingredients and Excipients

Authentication and Standardization of Herbs

Compatibility of ingredients.

Formulation of Herbal Tooth

Evaluation of Herbal Tooth Powder

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Report Writing / Thesis Typing

5. DRUG EXCIPIENT PROFILE:-

5.1. Moringa Leaves Powder

Fig. 5.1. Moringa

Common Name: Moringa, Drumstick tree

Scientific Name: Moringa oleifera

Family: Moringaceae

Parts Used: Leaves

Role: Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial

Therapeutic Use: Supports oral hygiene, reduces gum inflammation

Botanical Description:-

Moringa leaves are highly nutritious, rich in vitamins (especially A, C, and E), minerals (like
calcium and iron), and essential amino acids. Due to their high nutrient content, they are often
referred to as a "superfood" and used widely in traditional medicine and nutritional supplements.

Nutritious Moringa leaves come from the Moringa oleifera tree, a fast-growing, drought-resistant
plant native to the Indian subcontinent. It belongs to the family Moringacea.

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5.2. Turmeric Powder

Fig.5.2: Turmeric

Common Name: Turmeric

Scientific Name: Curcuma longa

Family: Zingiberaceae

Parts Used: Rhizome

Role: Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory

Therapeutic Use: Reduces oral bacteria, aids in treating gingivitis and periodontitis

5.3. Clove Powder

Fig.5.3: Clove

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Common Name: Clove

Scientific Name: Syzygium aromaticum

Family: Myrtaceae

Parts Used: Dried flower buds

Role: Analgesic, antiseptic, antibacterial

Therapeutic Use: Relieves toothache, treats oral infections

5.4. Neem Powder

Fig.5.4: Neem

Common Name: Neem

Scientific Name: Azadirachta indica

Family: Meliaceae

Parts Used: Leaves, bark, twigs

Role: Antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory

Therapeutic Use: Prevents plaque, treats gum disease

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5.5. Liquorice Root Powder

Fig.5.5: Liquorice

Common Name: Liquorice, Mulethi

Scientific Name: Glycyrrhiza glabra

Family: Fabaceae

Parts Used: Root

Role: Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory

Therapeutic Use: Soothes sore gums, prevents cavities

5.6. Mint Crystals

Fig.5.6: Mint

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Common Name: Mint

Scientific Name: Mentha spp.

Family: Lamiaceae

Parts Used: Leaves

Role: Antibacterial, cooling, refreshing

Therapeutic Use: Freshens breath, supports oral hygiene

5.7. Rock Salt

Fig.5.7: Rock Salt

Common Name: Rock Salt, Sendha Namak

Scientific Name: Halite (mineral form of sodium chloride)

Family: Mineral (not a plant)

Parts Used: Crystals

Role: Mild antiseptic, cleansing

Therapeutic Use: Helps reduce oral bacteria, soothes gums

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5.8. Activated Charcoal Powder

Fig.5.8: Activated Charcoal

Common Name: Activated Charcoal

Scientific Name: Activated Carbon

Family: Inorganic substance

Parts Used: Processed charcoal from coconut shells, wood, etc.

Role: Adsorbent, detoxifying agent

Therapeutic Use: Removes stains, absorbs toxins and plaque from teeth.

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6. METHODOLOGY:-

Moringa leaves, powder neem powder, clove powder, rock salt, turmeric powder, liquorice powder,
mint powder, activated charcoal etc are collected from local drug store named waghdole
ayurvedics, satara for the preparation of herbal tooth.

Sr. No. Ingredients Quantity for 200 gm Batch

1. Moringa Leaves Powder 99.0 gm
2. Neem Powder 39.6 gm
3. Clove Powder 19.8 gm
4. Turmeric Powder 9.9 gm
5. Licorice Powder 9.9 gm
6. Mint Powder 9.9 gm
7. Rock Salt 9.9 gm
8. Activated Charcoal 2 gm
Total 200 gm

Table No. 6.1. Proportion of herbal tooth powder with quantities

6.1. Method of preparation of herbal tooth:-

1. Firstly, we collect and clean the ingredients by ensuring all the raw materials are pure, dry and
free from contaminants.

Fig. 6.1: Collection of ingredients

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2. Then to sift each ingredient through and 80-100 mesh sieve to achieve a fine texture

Fig.6.2: Sifting

3. Next to weigh the ingredients accurately using a digital weighing balance to maintain the exact
required quantities.

Fig.6.3: Weighing

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4. After weighing, proceeding to mix the ingredients. now take a stainless steel/glass mixing
bowl, add the moringa powder first, and then gradually add each ingredient. to mix them
thoroughly for 15 minutes to ensure even distribution.

Fig.6.4: Mixing

5. And finally packing of prepared churna into suitable HDPE containers.

Fig.6.5: Packing

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7. EVALUATION PARAMETERS OF HARBAL TOOTH POWDER:-

The prepared herbal tooth powder was evaluated for its various parameters such as organoleptic
evaluation, patch test, physicochemical evaluation.

7.1. ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION:-

Organoleptic properties for several sensory aspects, such as colour, aroma, and taste, were
carefully noted down as illustrated. Separate analyses of the organoleptic and . Pysicochemical
properties powder, such as colour, aroma, texture, and appearance, are to be performed.

Colour :-

The prepared tooth powder is evaluated by its colour. The colour was checked visually by naked
eye.

Odour:-

Odour was checked by smelling the product.

Taste:-

Taste was manually checked by tasting the product.

Texture:-

Texture was evaluated in relation to product quality.

Appearance:-

The appearance was visually evaluated

7.2. PHYSICO- CHEMICAL EVALUATION:-

Determination of pH (1% Solution)

1 g of the herbal tooth powder was dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water. The pH of the 1% solution
was measured using a calibrated digital pH meter.

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Determination of Moisture Content (Loss on Drying)

About 2–5 g of the sample was weighed and dried in a hot air oven at 105°C until constant weight
was achieved. The loss in weight was calculated as percentage moisture content by using the
formula:

𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡−𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡

Moisture content (%) = ( × 100)
𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡

Determination of Water-Soluble Extractive Value

5 g of the herbal tooth powder was macerated with 100 ml of distilled water for 24 hours with
occasional shaking. The mixture was filtered. 25 ml of the filtrate was evaporated to dryness, and
the residue was weighed. The percentage of water soluble extractive value was calculated by the
given formula:

𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒×100
Water Soluble Extractive (%) = ( )
𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒

Determination of Acid-Soluble Extractive Value

5 g of the herbal tooth powder was macerated with 100 ml of 0.25 N HCl for 24 hours with
occasional shaking. The mixture was filtered. 25 ml of the filtrate was evaporated to dryness, and
the residue was weighed. The percentage of acid soluble extractive value was calculated by the
given formula:

𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 ×100

Acid Soluble Extractive (%) = ( )
𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒

Determination of Spreadability

About 0.6 g of sample was weighed and placed at the center of the glass slide and another glass
slide was placed over it carefully. To prevent sliding, a 1.13 kg weight was positioned in the middle

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of the plate above the glass slide. After 30 minutes, the sample diameter (in centimeter) was
measured.

Determination of Abrasiveness

The fineness of the powder was measured using the abrasiveness parameter. A fingertip was used
to quantify, 1g of sample and rub it on a glass slide for 15 minutes. It was noted that the slide's
surface had scratches. The findings were arbitrarily expressed as "positive" and "negative"
indicators in order to show the scratches on the glass slide. More positive signs indicated
abrasiveness that was greater.

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8. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS:-

8.1. EVALUATION OF HERBAL TOOTH POWDER

The prepared herbal tooth powder was subjected to under mentioned evaluation.

8.2. ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION

Distinct parameters were studied such as: Color, Odour, Taste, Texture and Appearance.

Colour

The colour of the formulated and evaluated herbal tooth tooth powder is shown green.

Odour

The formulated tooth powder is pleasant odour because in this study prefered using menthol
crystals which act as flavouring and Freshening agent.

Test

The prepared tooth powder is of astringent taste. As the Moringa leaves are used so it testes
astringent.

Texture

The texture of the tooth powder is fine and smooth.

Appearance

Appearance of the product is powdered form. And also the acceptable appearance was observed.

Parameters Result
Color Green
Odour Pleasant
Taste Astringent
Texture Fine
Apperance Powder

Table No. 8.1. Organoleptic Evaluation

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8.3. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL EVALUATION

Determination of pH

Fig.8.1: Determination of pH

The pH of the formulation was found to be 7 according to the standards. As the standard value
ranges between 6.5 to 8 so the ph found is said to be in standards.

Moisture Content ( loss on drying )

The moisture content was 3.6%, which is well below the acceptable limit of 8%. This low moisture
content indicates good stability and reduced microbial risk.

Water Soluble Extractive Value

The extractive value in water was 8.4%, suggesting a high content of water-soluble active
constituents. This implies potential effectiveness in oral cleansing and therapeutic action.

Acid Soluble Extractive Value

The acid soluble extractive value was 2.8%, which is within the permissible limit, indicating the
presence of safe acid-soluble minerals

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Fig.8.2: Electric Shaker ( Orbital )

8.4. Functional Tests

Spreadability

The spreadability was found to be 5.1 cm, which falls within the optimal range (4–6 cm). This
indicates good application quality and uniform coverage when used.

Fig.8.3: Sample Fig.8.4 Spreadable

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Abrasiveness

The abrasiveness was found to be mild, with no visible scratches on the glass slide. This indicates
that the powder is safe for regular use and does not damage the tooth enamel.

Fig.8.5: Rubbed Sample Slide Fig.8.6: Scratches on slide

Standard /
Sr. No. Parameter Observation/ Result
Expected Value

1. pH (1% Solution) 7.0 (Neutral) 6.5 – 8.0

Not More Than

2. Moisture Content (%) 3.6 %
8%

Water Soluble
3. 8.4 % NLT 5 %
Extractive (%)

Acid Soluble
4. 2.8 % NMT 5 %
Extractive (%)

5. Spreadability (cm) 5.1 cm 4 – 6 cm

Should not
6. Abresiveness Mild(No Scratches)
Damege Enamel

Table No. 8.2. Physicochemical and Functional Evaluation of Herbal Tooth powder

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8.5. Comparative Analysis

The results obtained from the evaluation of the herbal tooth powder formulation were compared
to standard expectations, and it was found that all parameters were within acceptable and desirable
limits. This indicates that the formulated product is safe, stable, and effective for maintaining oral
hygiene.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Moringa Oleifera-Enriched Herbal Tooth Powder

9. CONCLUSION:-

The herbal tooth powder formulated using Moringa oleifera leaves powder and other
traditional ingredients demonstrated desirable organoleptic, physicochemical, and
functional properties. The pH of the formulation was neutral (7.0), ensuring
compatibility with the oral environment. The low moisture content (3.6%) enhances
shelf-life and minimizes microbial risk. Both water soluble (8.4%) and acid soluble
(2.8%) extractive values were within standard limits, indicating the presence of
effective active constituents. The spreadability and abrasiveness results confirmed
that the formulation is easy to apply and safe for regular use without damaging tooth
enamel. Overall, the developed herbal tooth powder is effective, natural, and safe for
maintaining oral hygiene and serves as a potential alternative to synthetic
commercial tooth powders.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Moringa Oleifera-Enriched Herbal Tooth Powder

10. REFERANCE:-
1) WHO (2008) Traditional medicine Fact sheet No. 134
2) Evans WC Trees and Evans Pharmacology London WB, Saunders Company Ltd Fox R.
Pharmaceuticals from plants: Great Potential, few funds. Lancet, 1997,(XIV) 343: 1513-
1515.
3) Jensena J L. Barkvoll P. Clinical Implications of the Dry Mouth: Oral Mucosal Diseases,
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 842(1), 1998, 156-162.
4) Al Kholani. Comparison between the Efficacy of Herbal and Conventional Dentifrices on
Established Gingivitis, Dental Research Journal (Isfahan), Springer, 2011, 8(II), 57-63.
5) Mohire N C. Yadav A V. Chitosan-based polyherbal toothpaste: as novel oral hygiene
product. Indian Journal of Dental Research, 2010, 21(3), 380384.
6) Dental plaque https://g.co/kgs/XfUDGB
7) Arbes S, Agustsdottir H, Slade G Environmental tobacco smoke and periodontal disease in
the U.S. Am J Public Health (2001) 91:253-257.
8) Scherer W. The ability of an herbal mouth rinse to reduce gingival bleeding, Journal of
Clinical Dentistry, 1998, 9(4), 97-100.
9) Sharma P P. Cosmetics: formulation, manufacture, quality control, Pardana Publication Pvt
Ltd, 7th Edition, 507-519.
10) D. Mamatha IOSR Journal of pharmacy and biological Sciences (Nov.Dec.2017) ,VII,15
11) Rantamen I, et al. Effects of a betaine containing toothpaste on subjective symptoms of dry
mouth: A randomized clinical trial. The J. of Cont. Dent. Practice. 2003; 4(2):1-10
12) Natarajan D, Shivakumar M S, Srinivasan R. Antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of
biophytumsensitivum (L) DC, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2(11),
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evaluation of herbal dentifrice, Int. Res. J. Pharm, 6(8), 2015, 509-511.
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11. ERRATA:-

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