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Chemical Reactions and Equations Cheat Sheet Class10

The document provides an overview of chemical reactions and equations, defining key terms such as chemical reaction, chemical equation, and types of reactions including combination, decomposition, and redox. It also outlines various activities demonstrating these reactions and lists the colors of different precipitates formed in chemical processes. Important concepts like oxidation, reduction, corrosion, and rancidity are explained succinctly.

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32 views2 pages

Chemical Reactions and Equations Cheat Sheet Class10

The document provides an overview of chemical reactions and equations, defining key terms such as chemical reaction, chemical equation, and types of reactions including combination, decomposition, and redox. It also outlines various activities demonstrating these reactions and lists the colors of different precipitates formed in chemical processes. Important concepts like oxidation, reduction, corrosion, and rancidity are explained succinctly.

Uploaded by

zenitsu106.69
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 10 Science – Chapter: Chemical

Reactions and Equations (NCERT Cheat


Sheet)
Important Definitions
Chemical Reaction: A process in which one or more substances (reactants) are
converted into new substances (products) with new chemical properties.

Chemical Equation: A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction using symbols and


formulas.

Balanced Chemical Equation: An equation that has equal numbers of atoms of each
element on both sides of the equation.

Unbalanced Chemical Equation: An equation where the number of atoms of each


element is not equal on both sides.

Types of Chemical Reactions: Combination, Decomposition, Displacement, Double


Displacement, Oxidation and Reduction (Redox).

Oxidation: The gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen.

Reduction: The loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen.

Corrosion: The slow destruction of metals due to reaction with air and moisture (e.g.,
rusting of iron).

Rancidity: The spoilage of food due to oxidation of fats and oils, giving a bad taste and
smell.

Types of Chemical Reactions with Equations


1. Combination Reaction: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

2. Decomposition Reaction: 2Pb(NO₃)₂ → 2PbO + 4NO₂ + O₂ (on heating)

3. Displacement Reaction: Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu

4. Double Displacement Reaction: BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ ↓ + 2NaCl

5. Redox Reaction: CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O (CuO is reduced, H₂ is oxidized)


NCERT Activities Summary
 Activity 1.1: Magnesium ribbon burns in air to form white ash (MgO).
 Activity 1.2: Lead nitrate reacts with potassium iodide forming yellow precipitate of
PbI₂.
 Activity 1.3: Thermal decomposition of ferrous sulphate into ferric oxide, sulphur
dioxide, and sulphur trioxide.
 Activity 1.4: Electrolysis of water produces hydrogen and oxygen gases.
 Activity 1.5: Displacement reaction between iron nail and copper sulphate solution
(iron displaces copper).
 Activity 1.10: Exposure of silver chloride to sunlight turns it grey (photochemical
decomposition).
 Activity 1.11: Oiling and painting prevent rusting (corrosion prevention).

Precipitate Colours
BaSO₄: White precipitate

PbI₂: Yellow precipitate

AgCl: White (turns grey in sunlight) precipitate

Fe(OH)₃: Brown precipitate

Cu(OH)₂: Blue precipitate

Zn(OH)₂: White precipitate

CaCO₃: White precipitate

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