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AI Notes Summary Ch-6

The document outlines the use of automated systems in environments like weather monitoring and air traffic control, emphasizing their reliance on accurate data. It details artificial intelligence (AI) as a branch of computer science, with a focus on expert systems and machine learning (ML), highlighting their definitions, structures, advantages, and disadvantages. Additionally, it compares expert systems, which are rule-based and deterministic, with machine learning, which utilizes statistical modeling and learns from data.

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5 views2 pages

AI Notes Summary Ch-6

The document outlines the use of automated systems in environments like weather monitoring and air traffic control, emphasizing their reliance on accurate data. It details artificial intelligence (AI) as a branch of computer science, with a focus on expert systems and machine learning (ML), highlighting their definitions, structures, advantages, and disadvantages. Additionally, it compares expert systems, which are rule-based and deterministic, with machine learning, which utilizes statistical modeling and learns from data.

Uploaded by

aronika523
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AI Notes Summary

Automated Systems
 Used in environments like weather monitoring or air traffic control.
 Work continuously, using sensors, microprocessors, and actuators to adjust settings.
 Can be affected by inaccurate data (e.g., incorrect weather forecasts).

Artificial Intelligence (AI)


 Definition: A branch of computer science simulating intelligent human behavior like
reasoning, speech, and vision.
 Categories:
 1. Expert Systems
 2. Machine Learning (ML)

Expert Systems
 Definition: Rule-based systems designed to emulate decision-making abilities of a
human expert.
 Structure:
 - User Interface: For interacting with the user.
 - Knowledge Base: Contains domain knowledge.
 - Rule Base: Contains 'if-then' rules.
 - Inference Engine: Applies rules to the facts.
 - Explanation System: Justifies conclusions.
 Examples:
 1. Medical Diagnosis – Suggests disease based on symptoms.
 2. Route Scheduling – Recommends delivery routes considering traffic.
 3. Breast Cancer Diagnosis – Uses mammography data to predict cancer probability.
 Other Examples: Mineral prospecting, Financial planning, Plant/animal ID, Car engine
diagnostics, Bank loan approvals
 Advantages: High expertise and accuracy, Consistent results, Fast responses, Stores
large information volumes
 Disadvantages: High setup and maintenance costs, Effectiveness limited by input data
quality

Machine Learning (ML)


 Definition: Algorithms that learn patterns from data rather than being explicitly
programmed.
 Example 1: Spam Filter
 - ML model trained on past spam emails.
 - Data cleaning (remove stop words)
 - Identifies frequent spam indicators (e.g., 'lottery', 'earn')
 - Model is trained, evaluated, fine-tuned, and tested live.
 Example 2: Auto-tagging Photos – Tags images based on learned patterns.

Expert Systems vs Machine Learning


 Expert System: Rule-based (if-then), Static rules, Deterministic tasks
 Machine Learning: Statistical modeling, Learns from data, Pattern recognition and
predictions

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