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Tomcat Web Server

A web server is a software application that serves content to clients over the internet, primarily handling HTTP requests. Apache Tomcat is a servlet container designed for hosting Java-based web applications, providing tools for deployment, management, and serving both dynamic and static content. Key components include the web application directory structure, server configuration files, and the Tomcat Manager for managing applications.

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2 views3 pages

Tomcat Web Server

A web server is a software application that serves content to clients over the internet, primarily handling HTTP requests. Apache Tomcat is a servlet container designed for hosting Java-based web applications, providing tools for deployment, management, and serving both dynamic and static content. Key components include the web application directory structure, server configuration files, and the Tomcat Manager for managing applications.

Uploaded by

tejaramani.challa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Web server:

Web server is a software application that serves content (such as web pages, images, or other resources)
to clients over the internet or an intranet. It listens for incoming requests from clients (usually web
browsers) and responds by delivering the requested content. The primary purpose of a web server is to
handle the HTTP protocol, which is the foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web.

Apache Tomcat:
Apache Tomcat, often referred to simply as Tomcat

It's specifically designed to host Java-based web applications

Apache Tomcat contributing to fulfilling the role of a web server:


Servlet Container: Tomcat serves as a servlet container, which means it provides an
environment for Java Servlets and JSPs to run. These are components that process requests and
generate dynamic content on the server side.

HTTP Listener: Tomcat acts as an HTTP listener, receiving incoming HTTP requests from clients
(typically web browsers). It processes these requests and sends back appropriate responses.

Static Content: Tomcat can serve static content like HTML, CSS, JavaScript files, and images,
similar to other web servers.

Deployment and Management: Tomcat provides tools and mechanisms to deploy,


manage, and monitor web applications easily. It includes features for starting, stopping, and reloading
applications without needing to restart the entire server.

Concepts:
Web Application Directory Structure: In Tomcat, web applications are typically
organized in a directory structure within the "webapps" directory. Each web application resides in its
own folder, and it contains directories for various components like WEB-INF, classes, lib, and more.

Server Configuration: Tomcat's main configuration files are found in the "conf" directory. Key
configuration files include "server.xml" (overall server configuration), "web.xml" (individual web
application configuration), and "context.xml" (per-web-application context configuration).

Tomcat Manager: Tomcat comes with a built-in web application called "Manager" that allows
you to deploy, undeploy, and manage web applications from a web-based interface. It's accessible at
http://localhost:8080/manager by default.
Catalina: Catalina is the Tomcat component responsible for processing HTTP requests and managing
servlets and JSPs. Understanding the Catalina component is important for troubleshooting and
performance tuning.

Logs: Tomcat generates logs that provide information about server activities and errors. Logs are
stored in the "logs" directory and include files like "catalina.out", "localhost.log", and more.

Commands: Common commands include:


• startup.sh or startup.bat: Starts Tomcat.

• shutdown.sh or shutdown.bat: Stops Tomcat gracefully.

• catalina.sh or catalina.bat: Used for various administrative tasks like creating new webapp
instances, setting environment variables, etc.

Deployments: Web application deployments are typically managed by copying the web
application's WAR (Web Archive) file into the "webapps" directory. Tomcat automatically deploys the
application and extracts its contents.

Installation and Configuration:


Take an instance and follow the below steps:
sudo apt update

sudo apt install tomcat9

Configure Environment Variables (Optional but Recommended):


• Add Tomcat's "bin" directory to your system's PATH environment variable.

• Open your shell profile configuration file (e.g., ~/.bashrc, ~/.bash_profile).

i.e., nano ~/.bashrc

• Add the following line at the end of the file: export


PATH=$PATH:<tomcat_installation_path>/bin

i.e., export PATH=$PATH:/usr/share/tomcat9/bin

• Save the file and reload the shell profile (source ~/.bashrc or restart your terminal).

echo $PATH

sudo systemctl status tomcat9

(to change the port from 8080 to other available port in order to avoid the conflict with Jenkins port
sudo nano /etc/tomcat9/server.xml

change the port in connector block in the file)

sudo systemctl restart tomcat9

sudo systemctl status tomcat9

edit inbound rules to allow 8080 port for an instance

now check the server with public ip and port

now add tomcat user in

sudo nano /etc/tomcat9/tomcat-users.xml

add this line with password update: <user username="myuser" password="mypassword"


roles="manager-script" />

ctrl x and y and enter

sudo systemctl restart tomcat9

user is added

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