AMC Engineering College

Department of EEE
Microcontroller Question Bank
Unit I
1. Draw the block diagram of 8051 microcontroller. Explain the working of
a. Stack and Stack pointer
b. Program Counter and Data Pointer
2. Draw the architecture of 8051 micro controller and explain the following blocks (a)Program
counter and data pointer (b)Accumulator, Register B and CPU registers (c) Stack and stack
pointer
3. Compare CISC and RISC microcontrollers.
4. Describe the functions of various pins of 8051 microcontroller with pin diagram.
5. Explain the memory organization in 8051 controller.
6. Explain the bit pattern of Program status word (PSW).
7. Explain the functions of EA and ALE pin
8. Calculate the memory map of AT89C51 microcontroller with 4 KB of on chip ROM .
9. Explain the features of 8051 microcontroller.
10. Explain with example the various addressing modes of 8051.
11. Compare the Microprocessor and Microcontroller.
12. Illustrate the oscillator circuit and execution timing of 8051 microcontroller.
13. Explain With the neat diagram, the programming model of 8051
Microcontrollers.
14. Explain with the help of diagram, how to interface external code
memory to 8051 microcontroller.

Unit II
1. Define assembler directives. With example explain all the assembler directives supported
by 8051 microcontroller.
2. With the neat diagram explain, the range of JUMP and CALL Instruction
3. Write an 8051 assembly language program to find average of Five numbers stored from
Internal Data memory address 40H
4. Write an assembly language program to toggle the bits of port P1
5. RAM locations 50H-59H contain daily temperature readings for ten days , if any
one of the value is 33H, write a program to give its location to registrar R0,else make R0=0.
6. Explain Rotate Instruction of 8051with exambles
7. Explain the features of 4 I/O ports of 8051
8. 20 hex numbers are stored in RAM locations 60H onwards. Write a program to
find the smallest number in the set and save the result in RAM location 90H.
9. Explain the working of SUBB instruction when BORROW =0 and BORROW=1.
10. With circuit diagram explain the function Port 0
11. Explain the conflict between stack and bank 1 and how this can be avoided.
12. Write a program to select bank 2 and load the value 89H in the registers R0-R7.
13. Explain with examples the operation performed by the following instructions?
a). SWAP A b). MOVX A, @DPTR c). DA A d). XCHD A, @R0 e)INC R2
f) DJNZ R1,
14. Write an ALP to convert a packed BCD number into two ASCII numbers
15. Write a program to select bank 2 and load the value 89H in the registers R0-R7.
16. Explain the conflict between stack and bank 1 and how this can be avoided.
 Unit III
1. Illustrate with diagram the significance of gate in TMOD register to control
timer/counter module in 8051 microcontroller.
2. Explain the difference between unsigned and signed char and int declarations in 8051 C.
Give examples.
3. Analyse different data types supported by 8051C Microcontroller.
4. Write a 8051 C program to toggle all the bits of P2 continuously 500ms. Use Timer 1,
16-bit mode to generate the delay. f=11.0592Hz
5. Explain Mode-1 programming of 8051 timer. Describe the different steps to program
in Mode-1.
6. What are the different ways to introduce a delay in 8051C. Give the three factors, which
affect the accuracy of the delay
7. Explain the different Types of Code Conversion method with Suitable Programmes.
8. Explain the different types of I/O Programming in 8051 C
9. Write 8051 C program to toggle all the bits of P0 and P1 with 100 mS delay. Use EX-OR
operator.
10. Explain different types of logic operations in 8051C.
11. Explain the bit status of TMOD register.
12. Write 8051 program to generate 50 KHz on the pin 2.5. Use timer 1 in mode 1
and assume XTAL =22 MHz .Show the count calculations.
13. Calculate the values of TMOD for the following modes (i)Mode-1 for timer 1
and Timer 0 (ii) Mode 2 for timer 1 and timer 0

Unit IV
1. Compare polling and interrupts. What are the steps a microcontroller performs upon
activation of Interrupt
2. Explain the bit contents of IE and IP registers.
3. Explain the bit contents of SCON and PCON registers.
4. Write a C program using interrupts to generate a square wave on port pin P1.2 of 1 kHz
using timer-0 in mode 2.
5. Write an 8051 C program to transfer the message “AMCEC” serially at 9600 baud rate,
8 bit data and one stop bit, continuously.
6. Write a note on Asynchronous serial communication and data framing.
7. Explain the importance of TI and RI flags.
8. Explain RS-232 hand shaking signals and specify the purpose of MAX – 232 while
interfacing
9. Write 8051C program to send the message ‘VTU’ serially at 9600 baud rate and
do it continuously. Assume 8 bit data with 1 stop and 1 start bit. Show the calculations of
TMOD,TH1and SCON
10. Explain how interrupt priority can be changed using IP register. Also explain the
default priorities assigned to interrupts in 8051 microcontroller.
11. Write a program to generate two square wave: One of 10KHz frequency at pin
P2.1 and another of frequency 20KHz at the pin 2.3. Assume XTAL=11.0592MHz. Use timer
0 and timer 1 interrupt. Show the calculations of ISR address of timer 0 and timer 1interrupt,
TMOD, IE, TH0 and TH1.
 12. With XTAL=22MHz, calculate the TH1 value for the following baud rates
(i)1200 (ii)2400
13. Show the instructions to enable the serial interrupt, timer 1 interrupt and external hardware 0
interrupt. Show how to disable all interrupts with a single instruction.

Unit V
1. For the 14 pin LCD,, explain the working of different pins and draw the interfacing diagram
of LCD with 8051 microcontroller.
2. Draw the interfacing diagram of 0808 ADC with microcontroller and write a program to
interface ADC . Assume Channel 3 to read the analog data.
3. Using DAC interface, write a program to generate staircase waveform. Assume number of
steps to be 5.
4. Draw and explain the control word format of 8255A.
5. Explain construction and working of 4 phase unipolar stepper motor. Write a program to run
the stepper motor 62˚ clockwise. Assume step angle of 2˚.
6. Interface LCD to 8051 and write an 8051 assembly/8051 C program to send MASTER
to LCD display using busy flag.
7. Explain the construction and working of stepper motor. Explain the 4 Step sequence,
step angle and steps per revolution.
8. Explain the control word format 8255 IC. What is the control word for all the ports as
out ports?
9. How to interface DC motor to 8051 Microcontroller using opto isolator? Write a C
program to move DC motor with 25% duty cycle Pulse
10. Explain the salient features of an ADC. What are the signals of importance while
interfacing such an ADC to a 8051 controller
11. Show simple keyboard interface with port of 8051 & explain the scanning and
identifying the key pressed.
12. Interface a DAC to 8051 microcontroller and write an assembly language program
to generate triangular wave using DAC interface.
13. With neat diagram write an assembly language program to interface ADC0804 to
8051 microcontroller.
14. Explain with the block diagram the architecture of 8255A
15. A switch is connected to pin P2.7. write a C program to monitor the status of ‘SW’
and perform the following:
a. If SW=0: the stepper motor moves clock wise
If SW=1: the stepper motor moves counter clock wise