1

Foreword
Thanks for your purchasing our forklift truck.
The forklift truck is our company’s new product. It has the character of small turning
radius, beautiful shape, small dimensions, low gravity. This series forklift truck use
front 2-motor drive, rear wheel turning, lifting and turning share one pump etc. new
technology.
Please operator and whom in charge of the truck must read the manual carefully
before operate the truck.
We have the right to improve the truck, maybe there are some difference between
your product and the description in this manual.
If you have any questions please keep in touch with the sales department or let the
agents know.
The battery forklift has already passed CE certificate.

Notes:
1. This manual is used for operation and maintenance , the detail parameter
s, size and specifications in context is only for reference , the real parameters
will depend on sale files.
2. Manual pictures for reference only, the real car shall prevail, and shall not
affect the manual use.
3.Manual pictures only sign for one of the models in this series models.

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 WARNING!
TO PREVENT SETIOUS RISK OF INJURY TO
YOURSELF AND OTHERS OBSERVE THE
FOLLOWING SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS.
These truck may become hazardous if adequate maintenance is neglected. Therefore,
adequate maintenance facilities, trained personnel and procedures should be
provided.

Maintenance and inspection shall be performed in conformance with the following

practices:

1. A scheduled planned maintenance,lubrication and inspection system should be

followed.

2. Only qualified and authorized personnel shall be permitted to maintain, repair,

adjust, and inspect truck.

3. Before leaving the truck:

– Do not park the truck on an incline.
– Fully lower the load forks.
– Drawing back parking brake lever ,prevent the truck started unexpected.
–Drawing back the emergency brake switch .
– Set the key switch to the "OFF" position and remove the key.

4. Before starting to operate truck:

– Be in operating position
– Place directional control in neutral
– Before operating truck, check functions of lift systems, directional control,speed
control,steering, warning devices and brakes.

5. Avoid fire hazards and have fire protection equipment present. Do not use open
flame to check lever, or for leakage of electrolyte and fluids or oil. Do not use open
pans of fuel or flammable cleaning fluids for cleaning parts.

6. Brakes,steering mechanisms, control mechanisms,guards and safety devices shall

be inspected regularly and maintained in legible condition.

7. Capacity, operation and maintenance instruction plates or decals shall be

maintained in legible condition.

8. All parts of lift mechanisms shall be inspected to maintain them in safe operating
condition.

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9. All hydraulic systems shall be regularly inspected and maintained in conformance
with good practice. Cylinders, valves and other similar parts shall be checked to
assure that "drift" has not developed to the extent that it would create a hazard.

10. Truck shall be kept in a clean condition to minimize fire hazards facilitate detection
of loose or detective parts.

11. Modifications and additions which affect capacity and safe truck operation shall
not be performed by the customer or user without manufacturers prior written
approval. Capacity, operation and maintenance plates or decals shall be changed
accordingly.

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 INDEX
Correct use and application
1. Truck Description
1.1Application ............................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Assemblies ............................................................................................................. 3
1.3 steer and instrument display .................................................................................. 4
1.3.1Steering wheel[4] .................................................................................................. 5
1.3.2Combined light switch [21] ................................................................................... 5
1.3.3key switch[22] ....................................................................................................... 5
1.3.4 Instrument and display[25] .................................................................................. 6
1.3.5Emergency disconnect switch [30] ....................................................................... 8
1.3.6Travel switch [18].................................................................................................. 8
1.3.7 Levers .................................................................................................................. 9
1.3.8 Pedal.................................................................................................................. 10
1.3.9 Body and others ................................................................................................ 10
1.4 Identification points and data plates ..................................................................... 13
1.4.1Truck data plate .................................................................................................. 15
1.5.Standard Version Specifications ........................................................................... 15
1.5.1Performance data for standard trucks ................................................................ 17
1.5.2Dimensions ......................................................................................................... 19
1.6Relationship between load and stability of truck ................................................... 22
2. Transport and Commissioning
2.1Transport ............................................................................................................... 24
2.1.1Lifting the truck by crane .................................................................................... 24
2.1.2Securing the truck during transport .................................................................... 24
2.1.3 Towing................................................................................................................ 25
2.2Using the Truck for the First Time ......................................................................... 25
2.3During brake-in ...................................................................................................... 25
3.Operation
3.1Safety Regulations for the Operation of Forklift Trucks ........................................ 26
3.2 Operate and run the truck .................................................................................... 33
3.2.1 Preparing ........................................................................................................... 33
3.2.2 Switching on the truck ....................................................................................... 33
3.2.3Travelling, Steering, Braking .............................................................................. 33
3.4.2 Collecting and depositing loads ........................................................................ 34
4.Battery Maintenance & Charging
4.1 Safety regulations for handling acid batteries ...................................................... 37
4.2 Battery type & dimension ..................................................................................... 37
4.3Charging the battery .............................................................................................. 37
4.3.1Exposing the battery........................................................................................... 37
4.3.2Charging the battery ........................................................................................... 38
4.3.3Charging battery ................................................................................................. 38
4.3.4Daily charging ..................................................................................................... 40

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 4.4Battery removal and installation ............................................................................ 41
4.4.1 Removal the battery .......................................................................................... 41
4.5The proportion and level of electrolyte .................................................................. 43
4.5.1 Inspect electrolyte ............................................................................................. 43
4.5.2Replenish the distilled water .............................................................................. 43
4.5.3 Reading the specific gravity .............................................................................. 44
4.6 battery maintenance ............................................................................................. 44
5.Forklift Truck Maintenance
5.1Operational safety and environmental protection ................................................. 46
5.2 Daily maintenance ................................................................................................ 47
5.3Termly inspection and maintenance ...................................................................... 51
5.3.1Storage battery ................................................................................................... 51
5.3.2Controller ............................................................................................................ 52
5.3.3Motor................................................................................................................... 52
5.3.4Driving system .................................................................................................... 53
5.3.5Wheels (Front, Rear Wheels)............................................................................. 53
5.3.6Steering System ................................................................................................. 54
5.3.7Brake system ...................................................................................................... 55
5.3.8Hydraulic system ................................................................................................ 56
5.3.9Lifting system ...................................................................................................... 57
5.3.10Additional .......................................................................................................... 59
5.3.11Replace the key safe parts termly .................................................................... 60
5.3.12Table for bolt’s tight torque ............................................................................... 61
5.4 Lubrication Schedule ............................................................................................ 62
5.4.1Fuels, coolants and lubricants ............................................................................ 63
5.5Deposit................................................................................................................... 63
5.5.1Deposit the truck for a short time ....................................................................... 63
5.5.2Deposit the truck for a long time ........................................................................ 64
6.Troubleshooting
6.1Drive system .......................................................................................................... 65
6.1.1GP21 reduction gear box ................................................................................... 65
6.2Steering system ..................................................................................................... 66
6.2.1Steering device ................................................................................................... 66
6.2.2Steering axle ....................................................................................................... 66
6.3Brake system ......................................................................................................... 67
6.4Hydraulic system ................................................................................................... 67
6.4.1Main pump .......................................................................................................... 68
6.4.2Control valve....................................................................................................... 68
6.5Lifting system ......................................................................................................... 70
6.6Electrical system.................................................................................................... 72
6.6.1"Dualac2" and "Dualac2&HP" inverter diagnostic traction related fault codes .. 72
6.6.2Analysis of traction related alarms displayed on console .................................. 77
6.6.3Pump related fault codes.................................................................................... 82
6.3.4 Analysis of pump related alarms displayed in console ..................................... 84

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 Correct use and application
The “Guidelines for the Correct Use and Application of Industrial Trucks” (VDMA) are
supplied with the truck. The guidelines form part of these operating instructions and
must be observed. National regulations apply in full.
The truck described in the present operator manual is an industrial truck designed for
lifting and transporting load units.
It must be used, operated and serviced in accordance with the present instructions.
Any other type of use is beyond the scope of application and can result in damage to
personnel, the truck or property. In particular, avoid overloading the truck with loads
which are too heavy or placed on one side. The data plate attached to the truck or the
load diagram are binding for the maximum load capacity. The industrial truck must not
be used in fire or explosion endangered areas, or areas threatened by corrosion or
excessive dust.
Proprietor responsibilities
For the purposes of the present operator manual the “proprietor” is defined as any
natural or legal person who either uses the industrial truck himself, or on whose behalf
it is used. In special cases (e.g. leasing or renting) the proprietor is considered the
person who, in accordance with existing contractual agreements between the owner
and user of the industrial truck, is charged with operational duties.
The proprietor must ensure that the truck is used only for the purpose it is intended for
and that danger to life and limb of the user and third parties are excluded.
Furthermore, accident prevention regulations, safety regulations and operating,
servicing and repair guidelines must be followed. The proprietor must ensure that all
truck users have read and understood this operator manual.
Failure to comply with the operator manual shall invalidate the warranty. The same
applies if improper work is carried out on the truck by the customer or third parties
without the permission of the manufacturer’s customer service department.
Attaching accessories
The mounting or installation of additional equipment which affects or supplements the
performance of the industrial truck requires the written permission of the manufacturer.
In some cases, local authority approval shall be required.
Approval of the local authorities however does not constitute the manufacturer’s
Approval.

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 1. Truck Description
1.1Application
The V series three-wheel truck is a electric sit-down forklift truck. It can lift and carry
loads on the flat. The truck have traction function.
Custom can choice attachments random.
The capacity can be obtained from the data plate.
The capacity with respect to lift height and load center of gravity is indicated on the
capacity plate.

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1.2 Assemblies

Item Component Item Component

1 Rear Lamp Unit 9 Load back rest
2 Caution light 10 Fork
3 Overhead safe guard 11 Front wheel
4 Steering wheel 12 Side battery cover hood
5 Viewfinder 13 Chassis
6 Mast 14 Seat
7 Head light 15 Counter weight
8 Front Little Lamp 16 Rear wheel

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1.3 steer and instrument display

Item Component Item Component

4 Steering wheel 24 caution light switch
17 Parking brake lever 25 display
18 Direction switch 26 Attachments lever
19 Brake pedal 27 Side lever
20 Accelerator pedal 28 Tilting lever
21 Combined lamp switch 29 Lifting lever
22 Key switch 30 Emergency disconnect switch
23 Adjusting lever

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1.3.1Steering wheel[4]
The steering wheel is operated in the conventional manner, that is, when the wheel is
turn right , the truck will turn to the right; When the wheel is turn left, the truck will turn
to the left. The steer wheels are located at the rear of the truck. These cause the rear
of the truck to swing out when a turn is made.

1.3.2Combined light switch [21] Warning!

This combined light switch is The turn signal lever does not
composed of turning light switch and automatically return to the neutral
big/small lamp switch. Turning light position unlike general passenger cars.
indicates the traveling direction. When Reset it by hand.
turn on the switch, the lamp flashes.

Forward Left turning lamp flashes

Neutral Lamp goes off
Backward Right turning lamp flashes

Big/small lamp switch has two shifts. First shift small lamp light on; second shift big
and small lamp all light.

1.3.3key switch[22]
The key switch has two “ON / OFF”
position. Truck power supply is break off
when the key turn "OFF". Truck power
supply is turn on when the key turn "ON".
You should push the forward-reverse lever
to neutral and loose the accelerator pedal,
then turning the key switch to “on” position
clockwise.
Removing the key prevents the truck from being switched on by unauthorised
personnel.
Warning!
Turning the key switch “on” does not make the forklift truck move, if the
Forward-Reverse lever is not in the neutral position or the accelerator pedal is
being pushed. Error code maybe appear, don’t worry about it. When the forklift
can be operated then the error code should be disappeared.

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1.3.4 Instrument and display[25]

6
The meanings of six indicators:
Power indicator
Only lights on when power supply is OK.

Error indicator
When operation is wrong, error code will display on the dashboard.
The error indicator lights on.

Low battery warning

When battery quantity is lower than 20% of maximum capacity, The
indicator lights on, at the same time, buzzer beep. When LED shows
no power, please charge battery as quick as possible.

Parking brake warning

When the controller's temperature is out of range, The indicator lights
on.

Parking brake indicator

When pulling on the parking brake lever, this lamp lights on.

Safety belt indicator

When the safety belt is off ,this lamp lights on.

The meanings of six Button:

ENTER Button:
Save all changing

ROLL UP Button:
Change the digit marked by cursor

ROLL DOWN Button :

Change the digit marked by cursor

SET UP Button :
Shift cursor on previous digit

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 SET DOWN Button:
Shift cursor on following digit

OUT Button:
Cancel all changing

Dash display LED

When turn on the key switch, the
system will self-diagnose, the lamp will
Warning！
lights on one by one. After
If the truck still work when the battery
self-diagnose, LED will display battery
capacity in a low level, it will induce
capacity. The blank means consumed
controller's temperature out of rage, so
electricity. You should charge the
that the truck life will shorted.
battery when the low battery warning
light on. When battery charge level
below 10%，please charging the battery
immediately. At the same time low
battery protection start work, it means
truck just able to travel, can't lift. (see
"4.3 Charging the battery" on page 36).
The LED dashboard will show the
speed when the truck start traveling. You can know your truck’s working condition
through the LED dashboard.
The LED dashboard will show fault codes when the truck in trouble. After remove the
trouble, please restart the truck . ( Fault codes see "6.6Electrical system" on page
68. )

1.3.5Emergency disconnect switch [30]

When happen emergency, presses
Warning!
down the emergency cut off power
Please don’t use the emergency
switch, the main power of the reach
disconnect switch to substitute the
truck will be cut off.
function of key switch

1.3.6Travel switch [18]

The travel switch is for switching between forward and backward moves. When the
lever is pushed forward and accelerator pedal pressed, the forklift trucks moved
forward. When the lever is pushed backward, the forklift trucks moved backward.

Warning!
While traveling，if change the travel switch，electric braking will operate，speed will
lower until stop，then travel to the opposite direction.
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 Warning!
Turning the key switch “on” does not make the forklift truck move, if the travel
switch is not in the neutral position or the accelerator pedal is being pressed. In this
case, the travel switch should be returned to neutral and move you foot from the
accelerator pedal. Then the truck can be operated.

1.3.7 Levers
Parking brake lever [17]
Use this parking brake lever to park the
lift truck. And the parking brakes are Warning!
applied on the front two wheels by If parking on a grade is unavoidable ，
pulling up on this lever. To release the be sure to block the wheel.
parking brakes, move the lever
forwards.
There is a micro switch at the left side of the parking brake lever, it can make running
invalid to tense the lever.

Lifting lever [29]

The forks can be raised or lowered by pulling backwards or pushing the
lever. Lifting speed can be controlled by tilt backwards angle of lever while
the lowering speed can be controlled by tilt forwards angle of the lever.
The motor speed or accelerator pedal does not have to do with the
lowering speed of the forks.

Tilting lever [28]

The mast can be tilted by operation of this tilting lever. Pulling on this lever
backwards will tilt the mast backwards, and pushing it forwards will tilt the
mast forwards. The tilt speed can be controlled by tilt angle of the lever.

Warning!
The tilt lock mechanism built in the
hydraulic control valve does not allow
the mast to tilt forwards while the
engine is being shut down even if the
tilt lever is pushed forwards.

Side lever[27]
The fork can be move to side by operation of this lever. The move speed can be
controlled by tilt angle of the lever.

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You don't have the lever, when you truck use two unite valve.
Attachment lever [26]
The function of attachment lever is up to attachment.
You don't have the lever, when you truck use two or three unites valve.

1.3.8 Pedal
Brake pedal [20]
Press this pedal to slow or stop the Warning!
truck. At the same time, the brake light No permitted to press the brake pedal
comes on. and the accelerator pedal at one time,
otherwise, it should harm the traveling
motor.

Accelerator pedal [19]

As the accelerator pedal is slowly pressed, the drive motor start turning and the forklift
truck will start to move. According to the force applied to the pedal, the speed is
adjusted with not steps.

Warning!
Before open the key switch to press the accelerator pedal, the more function digital
indicator shall show alarm information. Then you must release the accelerator
pedal.
When loosen the accelerator pedal, truck can make soft brake because of electric
control’s regenerate brake.

1.3.9 Body and others

Chassis[13]
The chassis, in conjunction with the counterweight, forms the supporting base
structure of the truck. It is used to support the main components.

Seat and adjusting lever[14]

Adjust operator’s seat to position which is
comfortable for you and provides easy
access to all hand and foot controls.
The seat is unlocked by turn the adjusting
lock[2] anticlockwise. Fasten seat handle[1]
and pulling backwards or pushing the
handle can change the lean of seat. Before
proceeding with work, adjust operator’s
seat and make sure that it is securely
locked.
Turning seat lever[3] to outboard can change the position of seat. Before proceeding
with work, adjust operator’s seat and make sure seat lever was turned inboard.

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Overhead safe guard[3]
The overhead guard used is strong enough to meet safety standard, and protects the
operator from falling materials. The top gap is used to lift the batteries. It is forbidden
for use a truck that does not with safeguard.

Hood
The hood can be swung up fully to
Warning!
provide easy examining and
1 、 Be careful do not to catch you
maintenance of the storage batteries.
fingers in the hood when closing it.
You can lift up the hood with little effort
2、When you want to close the hood,
with an aid of hood damper. To lock the
don't forgot to lock the hood lock,in
hood, push down on the front of hood
order to avoid hood open suddenly.
until it covered.

Side battery cover hood[12]

It is side cover hood of battery one left and
one right. When you want to take off the
hood, you should take off the knob[1] at
first and pull to upside.

Fork stopper
Fork stoppers are locked the forks in position. To adjust fork spacing, pull up fork
stoppers, turn and shift the forks to the desired position. The fork spacing should be
adjusting according to loads to be handled.

Warning!
-The forks should be set
symmetrically to machine
centerline and fork stoppers should
always be set.
-There are two gaps on the beam of
load bracket. It is used in attach
forks.
-It is forbidden to lock the fork on
the gap position, to prevent the fork
fall off from the gap.

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Step and safely grip
The steps are provided on both side of the truck body. The safely grip is provided on
the front left pillar of the overhead guard. Use the safely step and safely grip facing the
truck when mounting and dismounting the truck.

Warning!
Brake fluid reservoir cup
The brake fluid is poisonous, be careful
The brake booster is located beside
do not drop down. When add brake
Parking brake lever.
fluid, be careful do not let dirt and other
thing drop into reservoir cup.

Head lights[7] and Front Little Lamp[8]

Two headlights and combination lights （turn signal, parking and backup） are
installed at the front side of the truck. Take care of the lights, and wipe dirt, if any, and
replace any damaged light immediately.

Rear Lamp Unit [1]

The combination lights at the rear side serve as turn signal, show width lamp, brake
lamp, parking lamp, back-up lamp and rear reflector. Pay attention to keep them from
being damaged or covered with dust, if any, clean or replace immediately.

Steering column tilting angle adjuster[23]

The tilting angle of the steering column is
adjustable with a range of 12.5 degrees to
suit individual operators. The steering
column is unlocked by turning the right
handle counterclockwise and locked by
turning the right handle clockwise.

Hydraulic oil reservoir cap

The hydraulic oil reservoir cap is located at the right side below the battery hood; open
the right side battery hood and right battery cover hood when adding oil. The cap is
provided with the dipstick. After fill in clean hydraulic fluid, tighten lock the cap.

Air leakage plug

There is an air leakage plug on the oil tank to let air in the tank goes out. You’d better
often check the plug and see whether been jammed.
Dead man switch (optional)
When the operator leaves seat, this switch cut off, and the power of truck is cut off.

Safety seat belt (optional)

There is a safety belt on the seat, before you operate the forklift truck, please fasten

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the seat belt to protect yourself.
Fuse box
1st is control circuit fuse 15A.
2nd, 3rd and 4th are light and beeper circuit fuse. All of
them are 15A.
5th and 6th is spare fuse 15A.

Warning!
When replace a new fuse, please
choose the same capacity fuse of the
old one.

1.4 Identification points and data plates

Item Description

1 “Never put your hands in inner and outer mast.“ warning

2 Strap points for crane lifting
3 CE Decal
4 “Never stand under the forks” and “Never stand or ride on forks for any
reason” warning
5 Tyre pressure
6 Parking brake Decal
7 Truck data plate
8 "truck security warning" warning
9 Load curve
10 Truck label
11 Operation explain Decal"prepare before drive","notice during drive","notice
during load, unload and stow"
12 EP decal
13 Security mark (motorcycle safety helmet)
14 Hydraulic pressure decal

13
14
1.4.1Truck data plate

Item Description Item Description

1 Model name 9 Max. allowable battery weight（kg）

2 Type 10 Min. allowable battery weight（kg）

3 Serial no. 11 load-lift height table

4 Nominal load center（mm） 12 Manufacturer

5 Weight without battery(kg) 13 License no.

6 Nominal voltage（V） 14 Service tel

7 Service weight（kg） 15 address

8 Rated capacity（kg）

For queries regarding the truck or ordering spare parts please quote the truck serial
number(3).

1.5.Standard Version Specifications

Technical specification details in accordance with VDI 2198. Technical modifications

15
and additions reserved.

16
1.5.1Performance data for standard trucks
Brand EP EP EP EP EP

Type CPD1.3TV CPD1.5TV CPD1.6TV CPD1.8TV CPD2.0TV

Power cell Battery Battery Battery Battery Battery

Operation type Rider seated Rider seated Rider seated Rider seated Rider seated

Q Rated capacity kg 1300 1500 1600 1800 2000

C Load center of gravity distance mm 500 500 500 500 500
Fully load km/h 13 13 13 13 13
Travel speed
Non-load km/h 14 14 14 14 14
Fully load m/s 0.3 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26
Raise lift speed ( Max )
Non-load m/s 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43
Fully load m/s 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
Lowing speed(Max )
Non-load m/s 0.435 0.435 0.435 0.435 0.435

Max. grade ability (5 min Fully load % 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5
rating) Non-load % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5
Net weight including battery kg 3050 3100 3150 3375 3570
Axes lode (Fully load) Front/rear kg 3810/350 4215/335 4385/315 4640/320 5050/380
Axes lode (Non-load) Front/rear kg 1470/1390 1570/1480 1585/1515 1620/1540 1750/1680
Front×2 18X7-8 18X7-8 18X7-8 18X7-8 18X7-8
Tyre
Rear×2 15X4.5-8 15X4.5-8 15X4.5-8 15X4.5-8 15X4.5-8

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Thread(Front/Rear) mm 902/175 902/175 902/175 902/175 902/175
Driven motor×2 Kw 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0
Motor
Pump motor Kw 11 11 11 11 11
Battery standard DIN DIN DIN DIN DIN
Pressure / capacitance
48/400 48/400 48/500 48/500 48/600
V/Ah
weight kg 635 635 753 753 900
Controller Type AC AC AC AC AC
Manufacturer ZAPI ZAPI ZAPI ZAPI ZAPI
Operating pressure for attachment bar 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5
Noise level dB(A) 68 68 70 70 74

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1.5.2Dimensions
Description CPD1.3TV CPD1.5TV CPD1.6TV CPD1.8TV CPD2.0TV
h2 Lifting height mm 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000

h6 Free lifting height mm 120 120 120 120 120

s thickness mm 40 40 40 40 40

e Fork dimension width mm 100 100 100 100 120

l length mm 920 920 920 920 1070
θ1 forward Deg 6 6 6 6 6
Tilting angle
θ2 backward Deg 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5
L1 Length to face of fork mm 1830 1830 1930 1930 2040

L3 Whole length mm 2750 2750 2850 2850 3110

b1 Width mm 1050 1050 1050 1050 1130

h1 Truck Height when mast lowered mm 1995 1995 1995 1995 1995

h3 dimension Height when mast lifting mm 3945 3945 3945 3945 3945

h5 Height to safeguard mm 2040 2040 2040 2040 2040

h4 Height seat mm 855 855 855 855 855

h7 Traction Height mm 475 475 475 475 475

h7 Traction Height mm 1040 1040 1040 1040 1040
Wa Turning radius Min mm 1445 1445 1555 1555 1665

L2 Overhand Front mm 397.5 397.5 397.5 397.5 397.5

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 Ground chassis mm 95 95 95 95 95
m clearance
Mast mm 105 105 105 105 105
Y Wheelbase mm 1258 1258 1358 1358 1468

b4 Front-wheelbase (drive- wheel) mm 902 902 902 902 902

b6 Rear wheelbase (drive-wheel) mm 175 175 175 175 175
Working aisle 1000×1200 crossways mm 3217 3217 3314 3314 3420
Ast width with pallet 800×1200 lengthways mm 3036 3036 3133 3133 3240

20
21
 1.6Relationship between load and stability of truck
It is very important for operator to know the truck’s structure and relationship between
load and stability.

Warning! The structure of the truck

The basic structure of the truck is mast (include
mast and forks) and body (include tire).
The lift truck keeps the balance of weight
between the truck body and the load on the
forks with the center of the front wheels as a
fulcrum when the rated capacity load is placed
in position.
Due care should be paid to the weight and the
center of gravity of loads to maintain the
stability of the truck.

Warning! Load center

There is difference because of the
loads’ shape, gravity, such as box,
board and large roller. It is very
important to distinguish the
difference and the gravity center of
loads.

Warning!
If the truck will turn over, do not attempt to get out of the truck, because the speed of
overturn is much faster than you. You should hold the steering wheel handle, and this
practice will let you in the seats.

22
Warning! Gravity and stability
The combined center that is composed of
the barycenter and the load center
determine the stability of lift trucks.
When unloaded, the barycenter does not
change; when loaded, the barycenter is
determined by the truck and the load’s
center.
The barycenter is also determined by the
tilting and lifting of the mast.
The combined center is determined by
these factors:
Load’s size, weight and shape.
The lifting height.
The tilting angle.
The pressure of the tire.
The radius of turning.
The road and grade’s angle.
The attachments.

Warning! the stability zone of the barycenter

In order to make the truck stable, the
combined center must be in the triangle
which is made up of two points that the
two front wheels attach ground and the
midpoint of the back driving axle.
If the combined center is in the front
driving axle, the two front wheels become
two fulcrums, the truck will overturn. If the
combined center departures the triangle,
the trucks shall overturn in the
corresponding direction.

warning! Capacity chart

The chart given above shows the relation
between the load center and the weight of
loads.

23
 2. Transport and Commissioning
2.1Transport
2.1.1Lifting the truck by crane
• The Fork Lift Truck is designed for
material handling only, It is
inappropriate for long-distance
transportation. The Fork Lift Truck must
be transported by ship, train or lorry, of
5T loading.
• Use a lifting pallet to hoist the truck.
• Use the steel wire ropes to tie the
holes in the two side of the outside
mast’s beam and the rear of truck’s
body, then use the lifting device to hoist
the truck. The steel wire ropes the rear
of truck’s body,
· The steel wire rope attach to the
counterweight should through the
safeguard gap, and make the
safeguard not be distorted.

Warning!
·When hoist the truck, don’t coil the overhead guard with the steel wire.
·The steel wire ropes and the lifting device must be very firm to support the truck
because the truck is very heavy.
·Don’t lift the truck by hoist the overhead guard.
·When lifting the truck, don’t take yourself below the truck.

2.1.2Securing the truck during

transport
The truck must be securely fastened
when transported on a lorry or a trailer.
- Parking the truck securely on a lorry or
a trailer. See "3.1Safety Regulations for
the Operation of Forklift Trucks" on page
29.
- The rope(2) is used to fix the truck must
be firm enough. The rope(2) round the
mast above the beam(1) and fixed to
truck.

24
- Check .
Both sides need to fix.
Loading must be carried out by staff specially trained. In each case correct
measurements shall be determined and appropriate safety measures adopted.

2.1.3 Towing
·The towing rod on the bottom of the
counter balance is used to pull and drag
the truck, for installing the rod, first
remove the towing rod and then install the
ropes. After that, replace the rod.
·Loosen the brake lever, otherwise, it will
damage the controller!

Warning!
a. Don’t tie the steel wire ropes on
the unfixed position.
b. Don’t carry a load to steel wire
ropes suddenly.

2.2Using the Truck for the First Time

Only operate the truck with battery current. Rectified AC current will damage the
electronic components. Cable connections to the battery (tow leads) must be less
than 6 m .
Preparing the truck for operation after delivery or transport
Procedure
– Check the equipment is complete.
– Check the hydraulic oil level.
– Install the battery if necessary, (see "4.4 Battery removal and installation" on page
40).
– Charge the battery, (see "4.3 Charging the battery" on page 36).

2.3During brake-in
We recommended operating the machine under light load conditions for the first stage
of operation to get the most from it. Especially the requirements given below should
be observed while the machine is in a stage of 100 hours of operation.
1. Must prevent the new battery from over discharging when early used.
2. Perform specified preventive maintenance services carefully and completely.
3. Avoid sudden stop, starts or turns.
4. Oil changes and lubrication are recommended to do earlier than specified.
Limited load is 70～80% of the rated load.

25
 3.Operation
3.1Safety Regulations for the Operation of Forklift Trucks
Safety is your business and your responsibility. The “Safety Instructions” covers basic
safety procedures and warnings of general application to the typical forklift truck.
However, safety precautions given on the following pages are also applicable to lift
trucks that have special specifications or attachments.
Read this manual thoroughly and become completely familiar with your truck to get
the most out of it.

1. Know your truck

For the purpose of doing material handling job, the forklift truck is different from
general passenger cars in structure as follows:
- Poor front view due to the hoist system.
- Rear wheel steering lets the rear of the truck swing outwards when going round
comers .
- Compactly designed, the forklift truck is heavy. Most of the weight of the truck and
loads is on the front wheels when loaded so the truck lacks stability.
- Read the operator’s manual and name plates on the truck, and become familiar with
your truck and operating procedures. If there is something in the manual you do not
understand, ask your supervisor to explain it to you.
2. Get permission from supervisor
Only trained and authorized operator shall be permitted to operate the truck.

3. Make periodic checks

Inspect the truck at periodic intervals for oil or water leak, deformation, lousiness, etc.
If neglected, short life of components will be caused and in the worst case a fatal
accident would occur.
make sure having replaced good parts during periodic check.
Wipe off oil, grease or water from the floor board and foot and hand controls, if any.
Strictly prohibit smoking and spark nearby the storage battery when checking it.
If maintenance on high position, such as mast, front and rear lamp, please be careful
to prevent fall down or be clamped.
Be careful do not be scalded when
inspect the motor, controller and etc.
4. Stop using the forklift when it is in
trouble
whatsoever in trouble, you must stop the
forklift, hang a mark of “danger” or
“trouble” and take off the key, at the
same time inform the manager.
only after the trouble is removed, you
may use the forklift.

26
5. Protect yourself
Operator must wear helmet, safety shoes and work clothes.

6. Prevent exploding
Because there will bring exploding gas in the bosom of the battery, prohibit any flame
nearby it absolutely.
Don’t let any tools close the two terminal of the battery to avoid spark or short circuit.
Make sure to operate the truck on concrete firmly enough or bituminous macadam.
The weather of working condition is:
Air temperature -20℃~50℃
Wind speed: Less than 5m/s.
Air specific humidity: Less than 90%. (Temp at 20℃).
Truck cannot be operated in explosive gas environments.

7. Mount properly
Never mount or dismount the moving
truck. Use the safety step(s) and safety
grip facing the truck when mounting or
dismounting the truck.

8. Never move controls unless properly

seated
Never attempt to work the controls
unless properly seated.
Before staring, adjusting the seat so you can get easy access to all hand and foot
controls.

9. Start safely
Before staring up, make sure that:
The parking brake lever is applied securely.
The forward-reverse lever is in neutral.
Before staring, make sure no one is under, on and close to the truck.
Don’t step the accelerate pedal or control the lifting lever or tilting lever before turning
on power.

10. Prohibit sudden stop or turning

Operate the controls smoothly. Avoid
sudden stops or turns.
It is dangerous to make a sharp brake.
Otherwise the truck has the possibility
of overturn.

27
11. Pay attention to the route of the
truck
·Pay attention to the route of the truck,
be sure to make a wide sight.

12. Don’t offer rides to others

Never allow other person(s) to ride on
the forks, pallets or on the truck.

13. Know the load to be handled

Taking account of the shape and material
of loads to be handled, use a proper
attachment and tools.
Avoid hoisting the load, with wire rope
hung the forks or attachment, since the
wire rope may slide off. If needed, a
qualified personnel for slinging operation
should perform, making use of a hook or
crane arm attachment.
Take care not to protrude the forks out of
the load. The protruded fork tips may damage or turn over the adjacent load.

14. Know capacity of truck

Know the rated capacity of your lift truck and its attachment, if any, and never exceed
it.
Do not use a man as an additional counterweight. It’s quite dangerous.

15. Don’t daydream

Keep your mind on your work. Learn to
anticipate danger before it arises.

28
16. Remain seated
Keep your head, hands, arms, feet and
legs within the confines of the operator’s
compartment. Never reach into upright for
any reason.

17. Use proper pallet

The pallet and skid used should be strong enough to endure the load. Never use
damaged or deformed ones.

18. Use proper attachment

We afford all type of attachment, such as rotating roll clamp, bale clamp, side shifter,
and crane jib. You should refit the truck under ours license if you want. It is forbidden
to refit it by yourself.

19. Attach safeguard and load bracket

Safeguard protect you do not be hurt by the goods fallen. Load bracket protect you
load goods smoothly. It is forbidden to use truck without safeguard or load bracket.

20. Forbidden walk down or up the fork

It is forbidden to walk down the fork or the
attachment.
It is forbidden to walk up the fork or stand
on the fork.

21. Avoid be clamped by the mast

It is forbidden to put your hands, arms or
head stretch between the mast and
safeguard.
It is forbidden to put your hands in inner
and outer mast.

29
22. Prohibit load off center
The goods is liable to drop turning or
passing rough road when it departures
the center. And the forklift may turn over
more probably.

23. Don’t stack load too high on forks

Don’t stack loads on forks in such a way
that the top of loads exceeds the load
backrest height. If unavoidable, make the
load stable securely. When handling bulky
loads that restrict your vision operate the
truck in reverse or have a guide.

24．Don’t tilt the mast with load high

Use minimum forward and reverse tilt when stacking and unstacking loads. Never tilt
forward unless load is over stack or at low lift height.
When stacking loads on a high place, once make the mast vertical at a height of 15 to
20 cm above the ground and then lift the load farther. Never attempt to tilt the mast
beyond vertical when the load is raised high.
To unstack loads from a high place, insert forks into the pallet and drive backwards,
then lower the load. Tilt the mast backwards after lowering. Never attempt to tilt the
mast with the load raised high.

25. To handle bulky loads

When handling bulky loads, which restrict your vision, operate the machine In reverse
or have a guide. When you have a guide, make sure you understand hand, flag,
whistle or other signals.
When operating with long loads such as lumber, pipe, etc., or in the case of the
Large-sized model or the truck with spreader, be extremely careful of load end swing
at corners or in narrow aisles. Be alert for fellow workers.

26. Carry the load low

It is dangerous to travel with forks higher than appropriate position regardless of
whether loaded or not. Keep the good traveling posture. (When traveling, the forks
should be 15 to 30 cm above the ground or floor.)

30
Do not operate the side shift mechanism, if
equipped, when the forks are raised and
loaded, since this will cause the truck to be
unbalanced.

27. Tilt backward when loaded

Travel with load as low as possible and
tilted back. If operating with steel pallet or
the like, be sure to tilt back the mast to
prevent it from slipping off the forks.

28. Watch for doorways and Slow down at

corners
Watch for branches, cables, doorways, or
overhangs. Use caution when working in
congested areas.
Slow down and sound horn at cross aisles
and other locations where vision is
restricted.When make a turn, be sure the
speed of the truck is lower than the 1/3 max.
of allowable speed.

29. Keep some distance from roadside and

flat roof
Affirm keeping some distance from roadside
and flat roof.

30. Driving over a dock-board or bridge-plate

Before driving over a dock-board or
bridge-plate, be sure that it is properly secured
and strong enough to sustain the weigh. Check
the ground or floor condition of working area in
advance.

31. Back down and drive up

When operating loaded truck, have the rear end
of your machine pointed downhill.
When operating unloaded truck, have the rear
end of your machine pointed upgrade.
32. Avoid work on a grade
Never lift loads with the truck inclined. Avoid
loading work on a grade.

31
33. Never lift a load over anyone
Never permit anyone to stand or walk under upraised forks or other attachments if
machine is so equipped. If unavoidable, use a safety stand or block to prevents a
possibility of fork attachments falling down or moving unexpectedly.

34. Check work ground area

Inspect the surface over which you will run. Look for holes, drop-offs, obstacles, and
look for rough spots. Look for anything that might cause you to lose control, bog down
or upset.
Clear away trash and debris. Pick up anything that might puncture a tire or let the load
lose balance.
Slow down for wet and slippery roads. Stay away from the edge of the road.
If the ground is bumpy, it will cause the truck bump and bring much noise.
Do not operate the truck when the weather is execrable, such as windy, thunder storm,
snow and etc. Especially when wind speed is higher than 10m/s, don’t operate the
truck outside.

35. Parking correctly

Pulling the hand brake when parking on flat. If necessarily parking on ramp, you
should place the wedges under wheels.
Descending and a little forward tilting the fork, shut off key switch and take off key.
Pull out the battery plug.
The parking place must be far away from fireworks.

36. Towing
You can tow the forklift to the safe place with towing pin when the forklift can’t run.
Don’t tow the truck which steering system or brake system has been damaged.

37. Nameplate
There is operate method and warning label on the truck. Please operate the truck
obey the rules on the label and this manual.
Often inspect the nameplate, when damaged or lost please replace it.

38. Noise
The noise of truck is less than 75dBA, test method is use a decibel tester to record the
voice 7 meters far away from truck. The decibel near operator’s ear is less than
95dBA.

39.Vibration and acceleration

When unlading, operator’s vibration of acceleration is about 0.74m/s2; when laden, is
about 0.18m/s2; so when operate on a uneven ground, it may cause more vibration
for truck and operator

32
3.2 Operate and run the truck
3.2.1 Preparing
Before the truck can be commissioned, operated or a load unit lifted, the driver must
ensure that there is nobody within the hazardous area.

Checks and operations to be

performed before starting daily
Warning!
work
Before operating the truck, check all
– Visually inspect the entire truck (in
controls and warning devices for
particular wheels and fork) for obvious
proper operation. If any damage of
damage.
fault is found, don’t operate truck until
– Visually inspect the battery
corrected.
attachment and cable connections.

3.2.2 Switching on the truck

⑴Put direction switch to center position.
⑵Plug into the plug
⑶Turn on key switch
Close the wheel lever with left hand and turn on the key switch with right hand.
⑷Tilt back the mast
Control the lifting lever to set the bottom of the fork 150-200mm above the ground.
Control the tilting lever to fully tilt back the upright.
⑸Control shift lever
Forward：Push forward the shift lever.
Backward：Pull backward the shift leve
⑹Loosen the hand brake lever
Step the brake pedal and push the hand brake lever to the front position. Hold the
steering wheel with your left hand and lightly put it on the wheel.

3.2.3Travelling, Steering, Braking

Traveling
Step the accelerate pedal slowly, the
truck will travel forward or backward. Warning!
Decrease speed Don’t step the accelerate pedal and
Loosen the accelerate pedal slowly, brake pedal at the same time.
the truck will decelerate.

Notice!
Decelerate the truck in the situations following:
·turning; ·close the load
·close the deposit area ·enter a narrow passage;
·the condition of road surface is bad.

33
Steering
Unlike general passenger-cars, the
Notice!
steer wheels are located at the rear of
Drive the truck slowly and control the
the truck. These cause the rear of the
steering wheel carefully, assure there is
truck to swing out when turning.
enough space to steer.
Slow down the truck and move toward
the side to which you are turning. The steer hand wheel should be turned a bit earlier
than as with the front wheel steering car.

Stopping or parking the truck

① Slow down and press the brake
pedal to stop the truck. Warning!
②Place the shift lever in neutral. ·Don’t dismount from the moving truck.
③Apply the parking brake by pulling up Never jump off the truck.
on the parking brake lever. ·Don’t parking the truck on the working
④Down the forks on the ground. road.
⑤Place the key switch in “OFF” to shut off the battery. Remove the key and keep it.

3.4.2 Collecting and depositing loads

Pick up
·The forks should be adjusted space to
maintain proper balance of load.
·Place the truck right in front of the load to
be handled.
·The pallet should be evenly positioned
across both forks.
· Insert forks into the pallet as far as
possible.
·To raise loads from the ground：
① Once lift the forks 5 to 10 cm off the
ground or floor and make sure loads rest
stable.
② Then, tilt the mast backwards fully and
lift forks up to 15 to 20 cm off ground then
start running.
When handling bulky loads which restrict
your vision, operate the truck in reverse
except when climbing grades.

34
Stacking load
·When approaching the deposit area slow down your truck.
·Once stop the truck right in front of the area where your load is to be deposited.
·Check the condition of the deposit position.
·Tilt the mast forward until forks become horizontal. Raise forks until they are a little
higher than the deposit position.
· Move forward to place the load Warning!
directly over the desired area and stop ·Never tilt the mast with loads upraised
the truck. 2m or more.
·Make sure your load is just over the ·Don’t leave or dismount from the truck
desired area. Slowly lower the load into when the load is raise high.
position. Make sure the load is
securely stacked.
·Disengaged forks from the load by using necessary lift-tilt operation and then back
away.
·After making sure the fork tips leave the load, lower the forks to the basic position
(15 to 20 cm off the ground).
·Tilt the mast backwards .

Un-stacking load
·When approaching the area where the load is to be retrieved, slow down your truck.
·Stop the truck in front of the load so that the distance between the load and fork tips
is about 30 cm.
·Check the condition of the load. Warning!
· Tilt the mast forward until forks If the forks are hard to be fully
become horizontal. Elevate forks up to inserted, use the following procedure:
the position of the pallet or skid. Move forward and insert 3/4 of the
· Make sure forks are positioned forks. Raise the forks 5 to 10 cm and
properly for the pallet. Move forward move backward 10 to 20 cm with the
slowly to insert forks into the pallet as pallet or skid on the forks, and then
far as possible and then stop the truck. lower the pallet or skid on the stack.
·Raise the forks 5 to 10 cm off the Move forward again to insert the forks
stack fully.
·Check all around the truck to insure
that the path of travel is unobstructed
and back away slowly.
·Lower forks to a height of 15 to 20 cm above the ground. Tilt the mast backward fully
and move to the desired area.

Check after operation

Warning!
Clean and check the truck after
· If you find any trouble, must repair it in
operation:
the day.
·Damage or leakage.
·prohibit operate the forklift before
·Add grease if necessarily.
repairing it completely.

35
·Check the tyre if it is damaged or inset with foreign body.
·Check the wheel hub nut if it is loose.
·Check the height of electrolyte surface.
·If you haven’t lift the fork to the max. height in the day, you should lift it to the max.
height 2～3 times.

36
 4.Battery Maintenance & Charging
4.1 Safety regulations for handling acid batteries
1. No firing
Explosive gas，smoking，flame and sparkle
easily give off in the battery, each can
cause battery explosion.

2. Protection against electric shock

·Battery has high voltage and energy.
·Do not bring short circuit.
·Do not approach tools to the two poles of
the battery，which can cause the sparkle.

3. Correct wire connection

·Not allowing changing from anode to cathode，otherwise，resulting in sparkle burning
and explosion.

4. Do not overuse battery

·If you use up the energy of battery till the forklift immovability, you will shorten its
working hours.
·Shower for battery appears need for charge，please charge it quickly.

4.2 Battery type & dimension

Battery type & dimension as follow :
Tuck type Battery type Battery height Battery length Battery width
(mm) (mm) (mm)
13/15TV 4PZS400 627 830 522
16/18TV 5PZS500 627 830 620
20TV 6PZS600 627 830 730

When replacing or installing batteries, ensure that the battery is correctly secured in
the battery compartment of the truck.

4.3Charging the battery

4.3.1Exposing the battery
Park the truck securely (See "3.1Safety Regulations for the
Operation of Forklift Trucks" on page 29).
– Drawing back the emergency brake switch .
–Unscrew the bolt[1] then take away the right-hand panel
[12] .

37
4.3.2Charging the battery
Attentions for charging
1. Please charge in the well-ventilated and appointed site.

2. Mark ‘no smoking’ on charging.

3. Inspect wire and pin.

·ahead of charging，please examine
wire and pin whether good or not.
· When wire and pin are damaged，
please do not charge.

4. Open forklift cover and battery lid for

charging ， in order to release the
explosive gas .

5. In charging，electrical source switch

or battery pin are not close，or，which
destroys pin and electrical units as a rule， first press the stopping button on the
charger，then unfix the pin.

4.3.3Charging battery
1． First charging
·All the batteries are not added electrode for the new truck.
Compound electrode
Specific gravity of acid 1.280±0.005 g/cm3
First time charge gravity 1.270±0.005 g/cm3
Volume ratio 3.1:1
Water and vitriol
Quality Ratio 1.75:1
Specific gravity is 1.835 g/cm3 and Suitable
Vitriol standard
for GB4554-84 or special for battery.

38
Specification for distilled water
Ingredient Index

Appearance No color crystal

Dry residue % ≤0.005

Resistively(250C) Ω·cm ≥7×104

Fe % ≤0.0004

chlorine % ≤0.0005

Manganese % ≤0.00002

Organic compound (calculating oxygen) % ≤0.0002

Magnesium oxide + calcium oxide % ≤0.005

Ammonium % ≤0.0008

Nitrate or nitrite % ≤0.0005

Compound course
① Wear the blinkers, rubber
overshoes and rubber glove. Warning!
Don’t pour the water to the acid, in
② Please pay attention to add the acid order to avoid the temperature of liquid
to water slowly, and churning with the surface turns high suddenly then
same time, make it mix equality. boiling and splashing out to hurt
someone.
③ The electrode is cooled to 300C,
then pour it into battery. It is proper to pour the electrode 15-20mmabove the
electrode plate (without dobber).

④ Only when the temperature of the

Notice!
electrode is below 350C (after 3-5
The time that is from pouring the
hours), can be first charged.
electrode into the battery to starting
first charging can’t be exceeded 12
⑤ The specific charging cable should
hours.
be connected to charging machine.

⑥ Inspect
The voltage value that the power needed is the number of the serial battery three
times.
Battery voltage（V）：48V
·Inspect the charging machine.
·Inspect every battery’s polarity.

39
⑦ Charging ways：（time, current as the
form） Warning!
Be sure to notice that the polarity sign
a. 1st phase：most of the single battery’s on the plug must keep comfortably to
terminal voltage steps up to 2.4 V； the out specific charging end node.
When the charging cable connected to
b. 2nd phase：the electrode give off a the storage batteries, pay attention to
large number of bubbles, the voltage and keep comfortably on the polarity sign.
the specific gravity steadies 4 hours and Otherwise maybe you will damage your
the charging value gets to 4.5-5 times battery.
than rated capacity.

c. Adjusting the specific gravity and height for the electrolyte

·If the specific gravity is smaller, it will be adjusted as follow: then take out some
electrode from the battery, pour the
compounded sulfuric acid that its
Warning！
specific gravity is 1.400g/cm3.
During the charging, the temperature of
·If the specific gravity is larger, it will be
electrode should not be exceeded
adjusted as follow: then take out some
45℃。 Otherwise you should low the
electrode from the battery, pour some
temperature. If the temperature do not
distilled water, but you must keep the
lowing, you should stop recharging，
electrode height accord with demand
till the temperature drop down.

d. After adjusting, you should keep

charging on 1 hour; make the density of electrode even upper and under. At this time
we have finished the first charging.

e. Close the pouring plug and clean the battery surface acid, then you can use it.

4.3.4Daily charging
·The battery that has been made the
first charging and used regular, then Warning！
charged again, is named daily charging. ·If a day’s worth of work cannot be
·Its way is almost same as the first completed with one charging, carry out
charging. opportunity charging during breaks.
·The recharging value is 1.2 times than · When the temperature of
the last electric discharging. But the circumstance is lower, carry out
electric-change for new battery’s fore opportunity charging.
five times should be 1.5 times than the
last electric discharging.
·During any charge, the temperature of electrode should not be exceeded 450C，
otherwise it should be taken measures such as reducing artificially charging current or
lowing the temperature. If the temperature do not drop, you should stop charging, till
the temperature dropping down.

40
4.4Battery removal and installation
4.4.1 Removal the battery
a.Take out the battery

41
b.Replace the battery

Notice！
Notarize that the voltage, capability, size of the
battery box and weight of the new battery are
sameness with the forklift truck before replacing the
battery.
42
4.5The proportion and level of electrolyte
4.5.1 Inspect electrolyte
The battery without the dobber
It is proper to pour the electrolyte
15-20mm above the electrode plate.

The battery with the dobber

Depending on the dobber of the winded
cover to Read the level position of the
distilled water.

Warning!
If the quantity of the electrolyte is
lower, using the battery to cause the
battery over-heat and shorten the
battery’s life.

4.5.2Replenish the distilled water

· Wear the blinkers, rubber overshoes
and rubber glove.
① Using the measuring cylinder to
take out the distilled water with a
certain quantity.
② Open the battery cover for every
battery cell.
③ Imbibe distilled water with injector
and then supply it into the battery.

The battery with the dobber Warning!

When the red dobber rises, the white ·It is not permitted to overrun the
line is appeared, please stop to appointed tiptop level when
replenish the distilled water. replenishing the distilled water.
Adding it too much will result in
The battery without the dobber leakage of electrolyte, it will
When the electrolyte is above 15-20mm damage the truck when charging
for the electrode plate, stop to replenish and discharging.
the distilled water. ·draw it out with injector if adding it
④ After replenishing the distilled too much.
water, close the pouring plug and
battery cover.
⑤ Using the damp cloth to clean the surface for every battery cell.

43
4.5.3 Reading the specific gravity
1）The specific gravity of the distilled
water should change follow the
temperature.
① Using thermometer to
measure the temperature for
electrode.
② Put the straw of densimeter into
electrolyte vertically, extrude rubber
tube with hand and the electrolyte will
be sucked into the glasses tube and
then the floater of the densimeter will
float.
③ Numerate the reading of the
densimeter.

Notice!
The dobber densimeter must rise
uprightly without depending on the
glass pipe.

2） Using the densimeter to Measuring the proportion

3） Conversion the specific gravity

The specific gravity at the standard
temperature of 300C should be
converted as follow：
D30= Dt + 0.0007( t - 30 )
Thereinto ：D30 ——the specific gravity
at the standard temperature of 300C
Dt ——the specific gravity at the
temperature of t0C during convert
t —— the temperature of the distilled
water during convert.
·The specific gravity that was in this book is measured all at the temperature of 30℃.

4.6 battery maintenance

1. Inspection for electrolyte

44
·Do not using forklift which is absent electrolyte.
·Inspection for electrolyte level every week.
·When electrolyte level is low，you must add distilled water to the level appointed.

Warning!
·When the electrolyte is not fit ，which heat batter and cause battery and electric
system component to burn.
·Person touches vitriol in the electrolyte，which burn ones’ body at once sees a
doctor for emergency treatment.
·Splashing on the skin or eyes：wash 15～20 minutes in water.
·Splashing on the clothes：take it off immediately.
·Careless drinking：Instead of plenty of water and milk.
·Wearing glasses for protecting eyes、rubber overshoes and rubber glove.

3. Remaining clean battery

Keep dryness and cleanness on the surface
of battery .the point for connecting with wire
is also dry and clean. Operator must screw
down the vent-cover of battery.

Warning!
1. Do not use dry cloth or fibre cloth to
clean the battery，avoiding static to
bring the explosion.
2. Unfixing battery plug.
3. Cleaning with wet cloth.
4. Wearing glasses for protecting
eyes、rubber overshoes and rubber
glove.

4. Measure in summer
In summer，water in the electrolyte is
Warning!
easy to evaporate ， therefore ，
Filling with distilled water beyond the
electrolyte must often be inspected if in
regulated range ， spilt electrolyte will
the low electrolyte ， you must add
corrode and leak electricity.
distilled water to the level appointed.

5. Measure in winter
· Keep effective and good surrounding for charging.
· For prevention discharge，when it is cold ，unfixing the battery pin.

45
· Measures，such as，covering battery for warmth.
6. Equalize charging
·During using of the battery, it often generates the equipoise phenomena about the
voltage density and the capacity.
·Individual battery’s voltage and electrode compares with most of other battery during
the course of recharging, it rises lowly. During the course of recharging, its battery’s
voltage and electrode specific gravity decline ahead than most of other batteries.
·Use equalize charging in the following case：
a. discharge voltage often drop down ending voltage；
b. discharging current value is often larger；
c. Not charging in time after discharging
d. The electrolyte is mixed with impurity of a little harm.
e. It often undercharge or do not using for a long time；
f. Take out the battery group, then check it or clean deposit.

Equalize charging way：

① First recharge the battery normal, as finishing it, and then rest 1 hour.
② Recharge it again by the value that belongs to the second normal recharging,
until the electrode gives off a large number of bubbles, stop recharging for 1 hour.
③ Such as that and do it several times, until the voltage and the density keep
fixedness and after for a while, if you recharge again, it will give off a large number of
bubble.

7. Opportunity charging
·If a day’s worth of work cannot be completed with one charging, carry out opportunity
charging during breaks.
·When the temperature of circumstance is lower, carry out opportunity charging.
8.Charging for long-term storage
·Carry out equalize charging before storing.
·Carry out equalize charging once every 15 to 30 days during the following storage
period.

5.Forklift Truck Maintenance

5.1Operational safety and environmental protection

46
· The fork lift truck needs termly inspection and maintenance, make it in good
working condition.
· Inspection and maintenance are Notice!
usually ignored, you must find the ·No smoking.
problems and solve it in time. ·You should shut off key switch and
· Use the orthodoxy spare part of E-P pull off the plug before service.
Equipment （except some trouble shooting）.
· Don’t use different oil when changing ·Clean the electric part with
or adding oil. compress air, do not with water.
· Forbid to repair the fork lift truck if you ·Do not place your hands, feet or any
haven’t been trained. part of body into the gap between the
· Don’t rave about oil out of date. mast and instrument.
· Maintenance on schedule.
· After you make a maintenance, you’d
better make a record.

5.2 Daily maintenance

You should check the truck and keep it
in good condition always before Warning!
starting it for safety. To assure the ·except checking lights and operating
truck’s safety is daily work and your capability, you should shut off the key
duty. switch and pull out the plug before
checking electric system.
1. Inspect oil leakage: include ·prohibit operate forklift with trouble.
hydraulic oil, electrolyte and brake ·little trouble brings great accident.
fluid.
Inspect connector of the oil pipe and storage battery to see whether there is any
leakage. Use your hand to inspect, do not light a flame.

2. Inspect tyre
Turn the tire valve cap counter
clock-wise and move it. Using a tire
pressure gauge, measure the inflation
pressure, and adjusting it to the
specified pressure, if needed. After
making sure there is no air leakage
from the tire valve, reinstall the cap.
Check that each tire does not get damaged at the tread surface or side face or
bending at the rim.

Warning!
Since the forklift truck needs tires that have a high inflation pressure to carry
heavy loads, even a small bending of rims or damage at the tread surface could
cause an accident.
When using an air compressor, first adjust 47 the air pressure of the compress-or.

Failure to do so will cause a serious accident, since the compressor delivers the
maximum pressure.
Put the tyre in the chain-link-cable barrier.
3. Replace tyre Driving wheel
When the tyre is damaged, you should
replace it in time. Put a jack under the truck
make the tyre just beyond ground and put a
wood block under the chassis. Loosen nut,
replace new tyre. Tighten the nut crossly and
symmetrically.
① Hub nut
② Divided rim bolt Steering
③ Drive shaft bolt
④ Hub nut wheel
⑤ Divided rim bolt
Tighten torque refers to "5.3.12Table for bolt's
tight torque",page 58.

4. Inspect torque of tyre

The tighten torque of front tyre is 140Nm,
and rear tyre tighten torque is 121-162Nm. Please inspect and tighten nut on
schedule.

5. Check brake pedal

Step the brake pedal, check it for slowness or block. The proper brake distance is
2.5m when free load. Adjust the height of pedal to 120～130mm. Adjust brake booster
push rod clearance to 1-3mm.

6. Check the parking brake lever

The force of hand brake lever should
Notice!
be less than 300N. The force is
To step the brake pedal is helpful to
adjusted by the screw on the top of
tighten or loose the hand brake lever.
lever. The force increases clock-wise
screwing, it decreases counter lock-wise screw.

7. Check accelerate pedal

The acceleration changes as the stroke changes.

48
8. Brake fluid level check
Open the front soleplate Check the Warning!
fluid level in the brake fluid reservoir. Don’t spatter the brake oil onto the
The level should be between the two surface of paint otherwise the paint will
seams of the reservoir. When adding be damaged.
fluid, due care should be taken prevent When adding fluid, due should be
air entering the brake tube. taken to prevent dirt or water from
entering the reservoir.
9. Check hydraulic oil
Loose the cap of hydraulic oil inside of right frame, pull out dipstick and check it if the
oil level is between the scales. Add oil when lack.

10. Replace hydraulic oil

Replace hydraulic oil once half year on schedule. When replace, first loosen the oil
plug at the bottom of the hydraulic oil tank. Push out the oil dipstick and put a oil pan
bellow the plug to drain the waste oil. Dump age the waste oil, you should obey the
rule of local environment protection.

11. Drivers seat adjustment

Make sure the driver’s seat is properly located. If not properly, shift the adjustinglever
to the right and move the driver’s seat to a position which provides easy access to all
foot and hand controls. After adjustment, shake the driver’s seat a little to be sure that
it is securely locked.

12. Check battery

Check proportion of electrolyte. Refer to “battery” section.
Check the terminal for loose or damage. Otherwise it will be adjust or replace.
Tighten the lock and close the hood
Pull in the plug,turn on the key switch

13. Instrument check (include battery

capacity and error diagnose)
Refer to "1.3.4 Instrument and display",page
6.

14. Lighting lever, tilting lever, attachment

lever
Check the lifting lever and tilting lever for
looseness. Return position well.

15. Mast
Actuate the lift and tilt levers to be certain that the carriage moves up and down
properly and the mast can be tilted smoothly. Pay attention to system operating

49
sound.

16. Mast lubrication

You should grease lubrication to mast on schedule.

17. Lift chain tension check

Check the tension and abnormality of the lift chains.

①To check the tension, raised the fork about 10-15 cm above the ground.

②And push the middle of the chain with the

thumb. Make certain the tension for the right
and left chains are even.

③If uneven tension is found, loosen the lock nut

(1) of anchor pin and adjust the chain, turning
the adjusting nut (2) of the chain anchor pin.

18. Check steering system

Turn the wheel right and left separately to check steering system.

19. Turn signal, horn and other lamp check

Make sure that the turn signal operates properly by moving the turn signal lever.
Make sure that the sound of horn is properly by press the horn button
Check the other lamp and back-up buzzer.

20. Battery maintenance

Refer to "4.Battery Maintenance & Charging"，page35.

21. Other
For instance, pay attention to sound

50
5.3Termly inspection and maintenance
5.3.1Storage battery

〇 — Check, revise, adjust

× — Replace

Daily weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually

Checking item Service required Tools
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)

Electrolyte level
Eyeballing 〇 〇 〇 〇

Electrolyte proportion Densimeter 〇 〇 〇 〇

Battery quantity 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Terminal looseness
Storage 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
battery
Looseness of connecting wire 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
cleanness of the battery surface 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
If there is tool on the battery. 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
The tightness of air cap 〇
Far away from firing 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

51
5.3.2Controller

Daily Weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually

Checking Item Service Required Tools
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200 hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)
Check connector for worn
〇 〇
Check contactor for running
〇 〇
Check inching switch for running
Controller 〇 〇
Check the connection among motor, battery
and power unit. 〇 〇
Check the controller error diagnose system
First time 2 years

5.3.3Motor

Daily Weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually

Checking Item Service Required Tools
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200 hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)
Clean the foreign body on the motor
〇 〇 〇
Motor Clean or replace the bearing
〇
If the connection is correct and firm.
〇 〇 〇

52
5.3.4Driving system
Daily Weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually
Checking Item Service required Tools
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)
Check for noise 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Transmission Check for oil leaks 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Change oil
×
Check wheel hub bearing for looseness，noise 〇 〇 〇 〇
Clean and replace grease
× ×
Check the axle body for deformation，crack or
Driving axle 〇 〇 〇
damage
(front axle)
Check bolts which is connected to the truck body
〇 〇 〇
for looseness
Torque
Check wheel hub bolts for tighten torque 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
wrench
5.3.5Wheels (Front, Rear Wheels)

Service required Tools Daily Weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually

Checking Item
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)
Check for abrasion， cracks or damage 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check for spikes ，stones or foreign matter 〇 〇 〇
Tyre Check the wheel hub for damage 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check the split body wheel hub-bolts for looseness Test
〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
hammer

53
5.3.6Steering System
Semiannuall
Daily Weekly Monthly Trimonthly
Checking Item Service required Tools y
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs)
(1200 hrs)
Check for peripheral play 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

Check for vertical looseness 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

Steering wheel
Check for sideways looseness 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

Check for proper operation 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

Steering Gear
Check mounting bolts for looseness 〇 〇 〇
box and valve
Check king pins for looseness or damage 〇 〇 〇
Check for deflection, deformation ,cracks or
〇 〇 〇
Steering axle damage
Test
Check for mounting condition 〇 〇 〇
hammer
Check for operation 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

Steering Check for oil leaks 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

cylinder
Check for mounting parts and joints for looseness 〇 〇 〇

Check sensor wire connection 〇 〇

54
5.3.7Brake system
Daily weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually
Checking item Service required Tools
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)
Check for free travel Scale 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check for pedal travel 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Brake pedal
Check for proper operation 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check for air mixed in brake piping 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check for lever is securely locked and has
〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Parking brake sufficient lever stroke
Check for proper operation 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Rod, Cable, Check for operation
Check connections for looseness 〇
〇 〇
〇 〇
etc 〇

Hoses and Check for damage, leakage or collapse 〇 〇 〇

Pipes Check for loose connection or clamping parts 〇 〇 〇
Check for fluid leaks 〇 〇 〇
Check for fluid level, Change brake fluid 〇 〇 〇 ×
Brake Master
Check master cylinder and wheel cylinder for
Cylinder, 〇
proper operation
Wheel
Check master cylinder and wheel cylinders for
Cylinder 〇
fluid leaks or damage
Check master cylinder piston cup, and check valve
×
for wear or damage change

55
5.3.8Hydraulic system
Semiannuall
Daily weekly Monthly Trimonthly
Checking item Service required Tools y
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs)
(1200 hrs)
Check for oil level, Change oil 〇 〇 〇 〇 ×
Hydraulic
Clean suction strainer 〇
reservoir
Drain for foreign matter 〇
Check levers for looseness at link 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Control lever
Check for proper operation 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check for oil leaks 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check relief valve and tilt lock valve for proper
〇 〇 〇
operation
Control valve
Oil
Measure relief pressure press 〇
gauge
Check for oil leaks, looseness, collapse,
Hose, Piping 〇 〇 〇
deformation and damage
Hose Reel &
×
Swivel Joint Replace hoses.
1-2 years
Hydraulic Check hydraulic pump for oil leaks or noise 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Pump Check pump drive gear for wear × 〇 〇 〇

56
5.3.9Lifting system
Daily weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually
Checking item Service required Tools
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)
Check chain for tension, damage or rust 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Lubrication of chains 〇 〇 〇
Chains & Check connection of chain anchor pin and chain
Sheave 〇 〇 〇
for looseness
Check sheaves for deformation or damage 〇 〇 〇
Check sheave bearings for looseness 〇 〇 〇
Optional
Perform general inspection 〇 〇 〇
Attachment
Check piston rod, rod screw and connection for Test
〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
looseness deformation or damage hammer
Check cylinders for proper operation 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Lifting cylinder
Check for oil leaks 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check pins and cylinder bushings for wear or
damage 〇 〇 〇

Check forks for damage, deformation or wear 〇 〇 〇

Check for stopper pins for damage or wear 〇 〇
Fork Check fork base and hook welding for defective
〇 〇 〇
cracks or wear
Check tilt cylinder bracket and mast for defective
〇 〇 〇
weld ,cracks or damage

57
Checking Daily weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually
Service required Tools
item (8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)
Bracket Check tilt cylinder bracket and mast for defective
〇 〇 〇
weld ,cracks or damage
Check outer and inner masts for defective weld,
〇 〇 〇
cracks or damage
Check for defective weld, cracks or damage of lift
〇 〇 〇
bracket
Check roller bearings for looseness 〇 〇 〇
Check mast support bushings for wear or damage 〇
〇
Check mast support cap bolts for looseness (for 1st 〇
time only）
Check lift cylinder tall bolts, piston rod head bolts, Test 〇
(for 1st 〇
U-bolts, and piston head guide bolts for looseness hammer time only）
Check rollers, roller pins and welded parts for
〇 〇 〇
cracks or damage

58
5.3.10Additional

Daily weekly Monthly Trimonthly Semiannually

Checking item Service required Tools
(8 hrs) (50 hrs) (200hrs) (600 hrs) (1200 hrs)
Overhead Check for tight installation Test hammer 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Guard & Load
Backrest Check for deformation, cracks or damage 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
Check for proper operation and tight
Turn signal 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
installation
Check for proper operation and tight
Horn 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
installation
Check for proper operation and tight
Light & Lamps 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇
installation
Buck-up Check for proper operation and tight
Buzzer installation 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

Meters Check meters for proper operation 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇

Wire damage or looseness 〇 〇 〇 〇
wire
Looseness of Electric circuit Joint 〇 〇 〇

59
5.3.11Replace the key safe parts termly
· Some parts should be checked termly to detect the damage , for improving the
safety more, users should replace the parts termly which is listed in the table as
follows .
· If the parts is abnormal before the replacing time is coming ,it should be replaced
immediately .

Key safe part’s description Term of using (year)

Brake hose or tube 1~2
Hydraulic hose for lifting system 1~2
Lifting chain 2~4
High-pressure hose ，hose for hydraulic system 2
Brake oil cup 2~4
Brake master cylinder，brake slave cylinder cover and
1
dust sleeve
Inner hermetic，rubber matter 2

60
5.3.12Table for bolt’s tight torque
Unit N·m
Bolt’s diameter
Grade
4.6 5.6 6.8 8.8 10.9 12.9
6 4~5 5~7 7~9 9~12 13~16 16~21
8 10~12 12~15 17~23 22~30 30~36 38~51
10 20~25 25~32 33~45 45~59 65~78 75~100
12 36~45 45~55 58~78 78~104 110~130 131~175
14 55~70 70~90 93~124 124~165 180~201 209~278
16 90~110 110~140 145~193 193~275 280~330 326~434
18 120~150 150~190 199~264 264~354 380~450 448~597
20 170~210 210~270 282~376 376~502 540~650 635~847
22 230~290 290~350 384~512 512~683 740~880 864~1152
24 300~377 370~450 488~650 651~868 940~1120 1098~1464
27 450~530 550~700 714~952 952~1269 1400~1650 1606~2142
30 540~~680 680~850 969~1293 1293~1723 1700~2000 2181~2908
33 670~880 825~1100 1319~1759 1759~2345 2473~3298 2968~3958
36 900~1100 1120~1400 1694~2259 2259~3012 2800~3350 3812~5012
39 928~1237 1160~1546 1559~2079 2923~3898 4111~5481 4953~6577
Note:The bolt is commonly。

61
5.4 Lubrication Schedule

62
5.4.1Fuels, coolants and lubricants

Handling consumables: Consumables must always be handled correctly. Follow the

manufacturer’s instructions.

Improper handling is hazardous to health, life and the environment. Consumables

must only be stored in appropriate containers. They may be flammable and must
therefore not come into contact with hot components or naked flames.

Only use clean containers when filling up with consumables. Do not mix consumables
of different grades. The only exception to this is when mixing is expressly stipulated in
the Operating Instructions.

Avoid spillage. Spilled liquids must be removed immediately with suitable bonding
agents and the bonding agent/consumable mixture must be disposed of in
accordance with regulations.

Name Trademark, code name capability（L） remark

23.4 1.3-1.5t

Hydraulic oil HM46# 26.6 1.6-1.8t

30.2 2t

Gear oil 85W-90GL-5 0.8

Brake Fluid ZSM207DOT3 1.5

Lubrication grease Polylub GA 352P

5.5Deposit
5.5.1Deposit the truck for a short time
① Park your truck on a level ground-preferably in a wide area. If parking on a slope
is unavoidable, position the truck so that it crosses the slope and block the wheels to
prevent accidental roll.
② Make sure the shift lever on neutral position.
③ Pull up the lever of the hand brake.
④ Shut off switch and control the lift and tilt lever several times so that the inner
pressure in the hydraulic tube will decrease.
⑤ Unplug the power outlet
⑥ Take down the key and deposit it in a safe position.

63
5.5.2Deposit the truck for a long time
On the basic of the “deposit” you
should do these checks and maintain
additional:
① Take out plug to prevent discharge
and stay to dark place.
② Brush antirust oil on those parts
which is exposed such as piston rod
and axle.
③ Put a cloth on vent-plug.
④ Mantle the truck with mantle.
⑤ Add grease at all lubricate point.
⑥ Fill up the truck body and counter
weight with block to reduce bearing of
the two rear wheels.

Warning!
a.The block must be single and hard enough to support the truck.
e.Don’t use a block with high than 300mm（11.81 inch）.
c.Lift the truck to height of placing on the bearing block.
d.Place two same size blocks under the left and right sides of the truck.
e.After supporting the truck with block, swing the truck forward, backward, left and
right, check its safety.

⑦ Run the truck once a week. Lift the fork to the highest height some times.
⑧ Check proportion and lever of electrolyte.
⑨ Charge the battery equally once a month.

Warning!
·Carry out equalize charging before storing.
·Carry out equalize charging once every 15 to 30 days during the following
storage period.

64
 6.Troubleshooting
6.1Drive system
3 wheel counter balanced battery forklift truck adapt structure of front two motor driven,
each separated excited driven motor rated capacity see "1.5.1Performance data for
standard trucks" on page 16. Each motor’s rotating speed is controlled by the rear
wheel rotating angle. Each side motor connects to ZF made GP21 model reduction
gear box, wet disk brake system, solid tyre and rim such etc.
GP21 reduction gear box is two grades reduce speed gear, one grade straight gear
and one grade planet gear. So the gear box is very small.
Wet disk brake do not need for maintenance on schedule.
Trouble Probably cause Method of
troubleshooting
Too much noise When traveling Gear clearance is too big. Adjust.
or change direction Too much worn of gear. Replace.
Too much noise when traveling Oil level is low. Add oil.
Gear clearance is too big. Adjust.
Too much worn of gear. Replace.

6.1.1GP21 reduction gear box

Specification
Item Parameter
Service weight (without oil) kg 31
Oil volume 0.35
Oil type ATF DEXRON II
Brake fluid TCL®
Foot

Oil pressure 60-80 bar

Normal pressure (continuous working) 80bar
brake

Max. pressure 100bar

Normal fluid volume in brake booster 1.71cm3
Max worn fluid volume in brake booster 3.71 cm3
Hand brake pull force 100N
Hand brake

Clearance 6mm
Max worn limit clearance 13mm

There are 3 holes on the brake booster of reduction gear box.

Air bleed plug. After add brake fluid, please loose the air bleed plug to let the air out of
brake oil tube, and then tighten the plug.
The parking brake line connects to the head of booster. The maximum worn limit is
13mm, if exceed this limit, please replace a new one.
More details please refer to the <<GP21 repair manual>> by ZF.

65
6.2Steering system
Steering system include rear steering axle and steering device.
6.2.1Steering device
It consists of steering wheel, upside steering column, clamp bolt , gimbal, downside
steering axle, bearings and steering gear etc. You can adjust the steering angle
forward and backward by yourself.
6.2.2Steering axle
The steering axle is import from Italy.
More details please refer to spare part manual.
Trouble Diagnostic:

Condition Probable cause Corrective action

Tighten nuts or replace

1．Oil leaking occurs between sections
seals
Leaking in
2．Damage of seal in shift necking Replace
steering
3．Damage of seal in safety valve Replace
device
Grinding shim or replace
4．Not flat of shim in limiting position bolt
it
1．Not enough oil supported by pump Adjust control valve
2．Air enters in the line of steering gear Bleed the air
3．Not enough oil in tank Fill oil
4．Too low pressure setting of the relief
Adjust pressure or clear
valve in the dividing valve or blocking in
High effort dirt
valve
for
5．Too high viscosity oil Replace wrong oil
steering of
6．The steering fails to return to its natural
failure to
position due to breakage of locking spring Replace wrong spring
rotate
or insufficient spring pressure
steering
7．Break or deform of swivel pin Replace it
wheel
8．Break or deform of coupling Replace coupling
9．Wrong in spring or safety valve Replace spring
10 ． Too much internal leakage in the
Replace seal or cylinder
steering cylinder
11．Deform of steering axle Repair it
Free play 1．Damage of bearing fitted in swivel pin Replace bearing
in hand 2．Two much clearance in rim bearing Adjust
wheel and 3．Too much clearance between steering
wobble in rotator and stator and descend of volume Replace rotator or stator
wheels efficiency
Front Left and right
Controller parameter is not
wheel does not match Adjust
correct.
to rear wheel

66
6.3Brake system
The hand brake device adopts a hand-pulling soft brake wire device. It makes use of
auto-assist pressure linings type brake together with foot brake. Only when parking
truck, use the hand brake. If it occurs for foot brake malfunction, use hand brake to
stop the truck.
The force of hand brake lever can adjust by screw. When driving screw clockwise, pull
fore increase, otherwise, when driving screw anti-clockwise, pull fore decrease. The
pull force is limited in the range of 100～300N.

Trouble diagnostic
Condition Probable cause Corrective action
Oil leakage in brake lines. Correct and replenish.
Air in brake lines. Bleed air.
Insufficient Water or oil on linings. Clean or replace.
brake force Uneven wear or contact of brake linings. Grind or replace.
Improper functioning of master cylinder Correct or replace.
or wheel cylinder.
Clogged oil lines. Clean.
No free play of brake pedal. Adjust.
Improper shoe sliding. Adjust.
Improper operation of wheel cylinder. Adjust or replace.
Faulty piston cup. Replace.
Brake dragging
Weak or broken return springs. Replace.
Clogged master cylinder return port. Clean.
Clogged oil lines. Clean.
Wheel bearing out of adjusting. Adjust or replace.

6.4Hydraulic system
The high pressure oil from main pump goes to control valve, then goes to lifting
cylinder or tilting cylinder. When lifting and tilting spool is in neutral, the lifting pump is
out off work. When pulling lifting spool, high pressure oil goes to the bottom of lifting
cylinder piston and then push piston rod under. When pushing lifting spool, it is that
bottom of lifting cylinder piston connects with low pressure line and then piston rod
drops by deadweight and weight of cargo. In this time, oil from lifting cylinder goes by
unidirectional speed limiting valve so as to control the falling speed, then the lifting
pump out off work also. When operating tilting spool, high pressure oil goes to one
house of tilting cylinder and another connects with low pressure line so as to make
mast tilt forward or backward.

67
6.4.1Main pump
Trouble Probable cause Corrective action
Low oil level in tank. Add oil to specified level.
No oil from
Clogged suction pipe or Clean oil line and tank. If oil is dirty,
oil pump
strainer. change.
Worn bearing damaged
Replace faulty parts.
backup ring and O-ring.
Readjust to specified pressure using
Low Maladjusted relief valve.
pressure gauge.
discharge
Retighten suction side pipe.
pressure on
Add oil in oil tank.
oil pump.
Air in oil pump. Checks pump oil seal.
Do not operate pump until bubbles in
tank disappear.
Cavitation due to crushed
Adjust or replace crushed hose and
suction hose or clogged
clean strainer.
strainer.
Air being sucked from loose
Retighten each joint.
suction side joint.
Noisy oil ·replace with new oil having proper
pump viscosity for temperature at which
Cavitation due to too high oil
pump is to be operate.
viscosity.
·to operate when oil temperature is
normal.
Determine cause of bubbles and
Bubbles in hydraulic oil.
remedy.
Oil leaking Faulty oil seal on pump, faulty
from oil O-ring or worn sliding Replace faulty parts.
pump surfaces on pump.

6.4.2Control valve

Trouble Probable cause Corrective action

Loose of pressure-adjust screw. Readjusted and retighten.

Distorted or damaged
Replace.
Pressure of relief pressure-adjust spring.

valve is not steady Worn or blocked relief valve

Replace or clean.
or too low. core.

Examine and repair

Pump abated.
pump.

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 Trouble Probable cause Corrective action

Replace valve core and tilt

Fork tilt forward Worn or damaged tilt lock valve.
lock valve as an assemble.
when control lever
Broken tilting lock spring. Replace spring.
is used while
Damaged tilt valve plunger
engine is off. Replace O-ring.
O-ring.

Mast is unstable Replace tilt relief valve

Malfunctioning tilt relief valve.
when tilting forward. assembly.

Valve body and spool valve is

Replace spool valve with
worn and clearance between
specified clearance.
Lowering distance them is too great.

of mast is big when Spool valve is not in center. Keep being in the center.

spool valve is in the Examine and repair

Cylinder seal abated.
center. cylinder.

Taper valve is worn or blocked Replace or clean taper

by dirt. valve.

Damaged or distorted
Replace spring.
reposition-spring.
Spool valve is not
Dirt exists between valve body
return neutral Clean.
and spool valve.
position.
Blocked control device. Adjusted.

Not coaxial parts at reposition Reinstall，be coaxial

Damaged O-ring. Replace.

Faulty seal of joint. Check and retighten.

Clean seal plate and

Loose seal plate.
Leakage retighten blots.

Loosed lock-nut of relief valve and

connect-nut between plate and Tighten.
plate.

69
Adjusting the pressure of the main relieve valve
The pressure of the main relieve valve is all ready adjusted in the factory, and it can’t
be adjusted generally. The following is an example of 1.6t truck to specify how to
adjust the pressure.
(1). Put 125 percent of the rated load (2000kg) on the forklift stable.
(2).Step the accelerated pedal to the end, control the lift pole, if the forklift can get the
height of 300mm, the main relieve valve is all right. Otherwise, adjust it as step (3).
(3).If the forklift can’t work, enhance the pressure main relieve valve, remove the front
soleplate, loosen the tightening nut of the main relieve valve, screw the adjusting nut
clockwise to enhance the pressure of the main relieve valve. If the height of lift is
higher than 300mm, screw the adjust nut
anti-clockwise to reduce the pressure. Warning ！
(4).Step the accelerated pedal to the end ·The load should be put stably.
to make the forklift in the height range of ·Don’t adjust if the pressure is already
0-300mm. Otherwise, adjust it as step (3). adjusted correctly.
(5).Retighten the tightening nut, fix it on
the front soleplate.

6.5Lifting system

Condition Probable cause Corrective action

1.Tilt cylinder and ring

Replace piston ring tilt cylinder.
Fork arm abraded excessively
carrier or mast
tilt by itself. 2. The hydraulic control valve
Replace it.
spring is inoperative.

The fork arms 1. Caused by piston jamming

Replace the faulty parts.
carrier moves or bent piston rod.
up and down 2. Too much dirt is
sluggishly. Strip it down and clean.
accumulated in the cylinder.
1. Carriage bracket assembly Adjust clearance with thrust
out of adjustment. metal and carriage side roller.
2. Insufficient clearance
between inner and outer Adjust clearance with rollers.
masts or rollers and mast.
Forks are lifted
or lowered 3. Biting foreign materials
Remove foreign materials.
unsmooth. between moving parts.
Apply grease on contact surfaces
4. Insufficient lubrication.
of sliding parts.（butter）
5. Bent carriage bracket
Repair or replace.
assembly.
Forks are lifted 1. Lift chains out of
Adjust lift chains.
unevenly adjustable.

70
 Condition Probable cause Corrective action
1. Grease stiffened or dirt
accumulated on lift roller and Clean and lubricate lift rollers.
Lift roller does
mast sliding surfaces.
not rotate
2. Improperly adjusted lift
Adjust.
roller.
1. Insufficient lubrication. Lubricate.
2. Improperly adjusted lift
roller, side roller and Adjust.
back-up metal.
Excessive
mast noise By adjusting shims and rubber
3. Rubber pad on lower of pad, piston rod is in touch with
outer mast is useless for bottom of cylinder body after
container fork lift truck. inner mast is in touch with rubber
pad.

1 ． Excessive wear occurs

between the oil pump body Replace the worn parts or the oil
and gears, causing too much pump.
clearance.

2. The lifting jack piston

Yx-ring has worn, resulting in Replace Yx-ring.
excessive inner leaks.

3. Springs of the multiple

control valve and its relief
Replace.
valve are inoperative oil
leaks.

4.Excessive wear occurs of

Insufficient lift the hydraulic control valve,
power or no lift Replace.
resulting in excessive oil
movement. leaks.
5. Oil leaks occur between Dismantle for regrinding the joint
the hydraulic control valve surfaces and reassemble the
sections. valve.
6. Leakage occur in the Tighten the joint nuts and inspect
hydraulic pipe. the seal for damage.
Change the wrong hydraulic oil
7. The hydraulic oil
or stop operation for reducing the
temperature is too high. Oil
oil temperature. Find out the
viscosity is too low and the
reasons for high oil temperature
rate is insufficient.
and eliminate the trouble.
8. The load carried is beyond
Observe the lifting capacity limit.
the designed capacity.

71
6.6Electrical system
6.6.1"Dualac2" and "Dualac2&HP" inverter diagnostic traction related fault codes
Code Alarm string master slave Controller status description Condition that has to occur to come out
Init Ready Motor running from alarm status
8 “WATCH DOG” × × × × × ALARM the watchdog -If the alarm is present in Init status,
has been triggered remove the alarm condition
-If the alarm has occurred in ready or
running mode, it is necessary to
remove alarm condition and to activate
a traction request.
17 “LOGIC FAILURE × × × ALARM failure in To remove alarm condition＋
＃3” over-load protection hw activation of traction request
circuit
18 “LOGIC FAILURE × × × ALARM failure in U,V,W To remove alarm condition＋
＃2” voltage feedback circuit activation of traction request
19 “LOGIC FAILURE × × × × ALARM an overvoltage or To recycle the key switch
＃1” undervolt. Condition has
been detected
30 “VMN LOW” × × × × × ALARM Wrong voltage -If the alarm is present in Init status,
on motor power outputs; remove the alarm condition
failure in the power -If the alarm has occurred in ready or
section or in the running mode, it is necessary to
MOSFET driver circuit or remove alarm condition and to activate
in the motor a traction request.

72
 Controller status
Condition that has to occur to come out from
Code Alarm string master slave Init Ready Motor description
alarm status
running
31 “VMN HIGHT” × × × × ALARM wrong voltage on -If the alarm is present in Init status, remove
motor power outputs; failure the alarm condition
in the power section or in the -If the alarm has occurred in ready or running
MOSFET driver circuit or in mode , it is necessary to remove alarm
the motor condition and to activate a traction request.

53 “STBY I × × × × ALARM Wrong voltage in the If the alarm is present in Init status, remove
HIGHT” current sensor feedback the alarm condition
circuit -If the alarm has occurred in ready or running
mode, it is necessary to remove alarm
condition and to activate a traction request.
60 “CAP × × × ALARM power capacitor voltage does not To remove alarm
CHARGE” increase when the key is turned ON; failure in condition
the power section , or in the logic PCB ,or in the
driver PBC ,or in the motor
74 “DRIVER × × × × ALARM line contactor coil If the alarm is present in Init status, remove
SHORTED” driver is shorted the alarm cause
-If the alarm has occurred in ready or running
mode, it is necessary to remove alarm cause
and to activate a traction request.
75 “CONTACTO × × × ALARM line contactor coil To remove alarm cause and to activate
R DRIVER” driver is open (not able to traction request
drive the coil to the correct
voltage)

73
 Controller status Condition that has to occur to come out
description
Code Alarm string master slave Motor from alarm status
Init Ready
running
76 “COIL SHORTED” × × × × ALARM If the alarm is present in Init status,
-Init the LC and EB coil driver remove the alarm cause
protection circuit is damaged -If the alarm has occurred in ready or
-ready or running short on LC running mode, it is necessary to
coil or EB coil remove alarm cause and to activate a
traction request.
37 “CONTACTOR × × ALARM line contactor power To remove alarm cause within a
CLOSED” contact is stuck timeout ;if the timeout is elapsed, it is
necessary to remove alarm cause and
to activate traction request
38 “CONTACTOR × × ALARM line contactor power To remove alarm cause within a
OPEN” contact dose not pull-in timeout ;if the timeout is elapsed, it is
necessary to recycle the key
82 “ENCODER × × × ALARM motor speed sensor To recycle the key
ERROR” (encoder) does not work
properly
84 “STEER SENSOR × × × × ALARM steering poti signal out To remove the alarm cause
KO of rage
86 “PEDAL WIRE KO” × × × × ALARM fault in accelerator To remove alarm cause and activate
negative (NPOT) input circuit a traction request
245 “WRONG SET × × ALARM the battery voltage To remove the alarm cause
BATTERY” dose not correspond to “SET
BATTERY” parameters

74
Code Alarm string master slave Controller status description Condition that has to occur to come out
Init Ready Motor from alarm status
running
246 “SLAVE KO” × × × × ALARM Master µC detects a To recycle the key
slave µC malfunction
247 “MASTER KO” × × × × ALARM slave µC detects a To recycle the key
Master µC malfunction or a
mismatch between input
status and Master
commands(via CAN bus)
250 “INPUTMISMATCH” × × × × ALARM slave µC has detects To recycle the key
a mismatch between input
status and input status
transmitted via CAN bus by
Master µC
253 “AUX OUTPUT KO” × × × × ALARM EB coil driver shorted If the alarm is present in Init status,
or open remove the alarm cause
-If the alarm has occurred in ready or
running mode, it is necessary to
remove alarm cause and to activate a
traction request.
13 “EEPROM KO” × × × × Warning Eeprom fault , To remove Warning cause
controller will use default
parameters

75
 Controller status Condition that has to
Code Alarm string master slave Motor description occur to come out
Init Ready
running from alarm status
61 “HIGHT × × × × × Warning Master or Slave or both To remove Warning
TEMPERATURE” temperature higher than 75℃ cause
65 “MOTOR × × × × Warning Right or lift or both temperature To remove Warning
TEMPERATURE” high cause
66 “BATTERY LOW” × × × × Warning battery charge level below 20 ％ To remove Warning
cause
78 “VACC NOT OK” × × × Warning accelerator signal(CPOT) To remove Warning
voltage higher than VACC MIN +1V while cause
the traction enable switch is open
79 “INCORRECT × × × × Warning Wrong traction request To remove Warning
START” sequence cause
80 “FORWARD+BACKW × × × × Warning Forward and reverse input are To remove Warning
ARD” both active cause
249 “THERMIAC × × × × × Warning Master or slave temperature To remove Warning
SENSOR KO” sensor is out of range cause
251 “WATTING FOR × × × × Warning Master µC signal that slave µC To remove Warning
NODE ﹟ 4” is in alarm status cause
251 “WATTING FOR × × × × Warning Slave µC signal that master µC To remove Warning
NODE ﹟ 3” is in alarm status cause
241 “NO CAN MESSAGE × × × × ALARM Master has lost can To remove Alarm
﹟ 4” communication with the slave cause
247 “NO CAN MESSAGE × × × × ALARM Slave has lost can To remove Alarm
﹟ 4” communication with the master cause

76
6.6.2Analysis of traction related alarms displayed on console
1. WATCH DOG
It is a self-diagnosing test within the logic between Master and Slave μcontrollers.
This alarm could also be caused by a CAN bus malfunctioning, which blinds
Master-Slave communication. So, before replacing the controller, check the CAN
bus.

2. LOGIC FAILURE #3
Fault in the hardware section of the logic board which manages the hardware current
protection. Replace the logic board.

3. LOGIC FAILURE #2
Fault in the hardware section of the logic board which manages the phase' s voltage
feedback. Replace the logic board.

4. LOGIC FAILURE #1
This alarm signals that the undervoltage / overvoltage protection interrupt has been
triggered. Two possible reasons:
a. A real undervoltage / overvoltage situation happened.
b. Fault in the hardware section of the logic board which manages the overvoltage
protection. Replace the logic card.

5. VMN LOW, VMN HIGH

The test is carried out during initial diagnosis and in standby.Possible causes:
a. problem with the motor connections or the motor power circuit; check if the 3
phases are correctly connected; check if there's a dispersion of the motor to truck
frame.
b. fault in the inverter power section, replace the controller.

6. STBY I HIGH
The μCs verify if the feedback of current sensors device output is within the zero
current window. Possible causes of the alarm:
a. current sensor failure;
b. failure in the logic card: first replace the logic card; if the defect persists, replace the
power unit.

7. CAPACITOR CHARGE
Follows the charging capacitor system: When the key is switched ON, the inverter
tries to charge the capacitor through a power resistance, and check if the capacitor
are charged within a timeout. If they do not charge, an alarm is signalled; the main
contactor is not closed.

77
Possible reasons:
a) the charging resistance is opened.
b) The charging circuit has a failure.
c) There is a problem in the power section.

8. MAIN CONTACTOR ALARMS

COIL SHORTED:
When the key is switched ON the μController checks the LC coil driver shortcircuit
protection hardware. If it does not react in a correct way to the μC stimulus, the alarm
is signalled. Replace the logic board. When the fault occurs while the LC is closed, the
alarm signals a shortcircuit across LC coil. Check if there are external shortcircuit and
if the ohmic value of the MC coil is correct; otherwise replace the logic.
DRIVER SHORTED:
When the key is switched ON, the μC checks that the LC coil driver is not shorted; if it
is, this alarm is signalled. Preliminary, check if there is an external short or low
impedance pull-down between NLC (C26) and -BATT. If no external causes can be
found out, replace the controller.
CONTACTOR DRIVER:
When the initial diagnosis is finished, the traction logic closes the LC and checks the
voltage on the Drain of the driver. If this is not low , the driver is not able to close an
alarm is signalled. Replace the logic.
CONTACTOR OPEN:
The main contactor coil has been driven by the logic board, but the contactor does not
close. Two possible reasons:
a) the wires to the coil are interrupted or not well connected.
b) the contact of the contactor is not properly working (does not pull-in).
CONTACTOR CLOSED:
Before driving the LC coil, the controller checks if the LC contact is stuck. The
controller drives the bridge for a while, trying to discharge the capacitor bank. If they
don't discharge, the fault condition is entered. It is suggested to check the contactor
contact, if it is mechanically stuck.

9. ENCODER ERROR
This alarm is signalled in following condition: the frequency supplied to the motor is
higher than 20 Hz, and the signal feedback from the encoder has a jump higher than

78
20 Hz in few tens millisecond. This condition clearly shows a malfunctioning of the
encoder signal. It is suggested to preliminary check the encoder wiring; if no fault is
found in the wiring it is necessary to replace the encoder.

10. STEER SENSOR KO

This is an alarm which signals an out of range of the steering potentiometer signal.
The fault condition is entered in these two following conditions:
- the "Set steer 0 pos" (straight wheels program parameter is wrong (lower than "Set
steer min" or higher than "Set steer max").
- the feedback signal of the steering potentiometer is outside the window defined by
"Set steer min" and "Set steer max" parameters.
In the first case, repeat the steering potentiometer acquisition. In the second case,
check the steering poti and its wiring. Eventually, repeat again the steering
potentiometer acquisition.

11. PEDAL WIRE KO

This alarm is signalled if a fault is detected in the accelerator unit wiring (NPOT or
PPOT cable is interrupted).

12. WRONG SET BATTERY

When the key is turned ON, the controller check the battery voltage and compares it
with the "SET BATTERY" parameter setting. If the actual value is 20% higher or lower
than nominal value, the fault condition is entered. Replace the battery with a correct
battery.

13. SLAVE KO
Slave and Master μCs perform a cross-check in order to verify their functionality. If the
MASTER detects SLAVE μC malfunctioning, it brings the controller in a safe status
opening the power bridge and the Line Contactor.

14. MASTER KO
Slave and Master μCs perform a cross-check in order to verify their functionality.
There are two conditions under which slave enters this fault condition:
- the SLAVE μC receives incoherent can message from the MASTER μC
- the SLAVE μC compares the inputs status and the related MASTER operations, and
find they are not coherent.
In both cases, the SLAVE brings the controller to a safe status opening the power
bridge and the Line contactor.

15. INPUT MISMATCH

Safety related inputs (Fw direction, Rev direction, accelerator enable, seat switch) are
input to both microcontrollers by independent hw circuit. The two μCs read these
inputs and compare by exchanging related status on the CAN bus. If the SLAVE μC
finds a mismatch between its inputs and MASTER inputs, it brings the controller to a

79
safe status opening the power bridge and the Line contactor.
16. AUX OUTPUT KO
The μP checks the driver of the electromechanical brake coil. If the status of the driver
output does not correspond to the signal coming from the μP, the alarm is signalled. It
is suggested to preliminary check if there is an external short or low impedance pull
down between NAUX (C31) and -BATT. If no external cause can be found, replace
the logic card.

17. EEPROM KO
Fault in the area of memory in which the adjustment parameters are stored; this alarm
does not inhibits truck operation, but the controller will use default parameters. If the
defect persists when the key is switched OFF and ON again, replace the logic. If the
alarm disappears, remember that the parameters stored previously have been
cancelled and replaced by the default values.

18. HIGH TEMPERATURE

Master or Slave or both temperatures are greater than 75°C. The maximum current is
reduced proportionally to the temperature increase. At 100°C the max current of both
inverter is reduced to zero. If the alarm is signalled when the controller is cold:
a) thermal sensor failure;
b) failure in the logic card.

19. MOTOR TEMPERATURE

This warning is signalled if right or left or both motors temperature switches open
(digital sensor) or if the analog signals overtakes the cut off level. If it happens when
the motor is cold, check the wiring. If all is ok, replace the logic board.

20. BATTERY LOW

If the "battery check" option is ON, a battery discharge algorithm is carried out. When
the charge level is 20% , this alarm is signalled and the current is reduced to the half
of the programmed level.

21. VACC NOT OK

The test is made in standby. This alarm indicates that the accelerator voltage is 1V
greater than the minimum value programmed by the PROGRAM VACC function.
Possible causes:
a. the potentiometer is not correctly calibrated;
b. the potentiometer is defective.

22. INCORRECT START

This alarm signals an incorrect starting sequence. Possible causes:
a. Fw or Rev or Enable microswitch failure;
b. error in sequence made by the operator;
c. incorrect wiring;

80
d. if the default persists after checking the harness, replace the logic.
23. FORW + BACK
The test is carried out continuously. An alarm is signalled when a double running
requestis made simultaneously. Possible causes:
a. defective wiring;
b. running microswitch failure;
c. incorrect operation;
d. if the defect persists, replace the logic.

24. THERMIC SENSOR KO

The range of inverter temperature sensor is always checked and a warning is
signaled if it is out of range.When this alarm is signalled, the maximum current of the
controller is reduced to halt.

25. WAITING FOR NODE #4

The Slave has detected a failure, the Master cannot close the main contactor because
of the alarm status of the Slave (which the Master knows by the CAN-BUS line). The
failure must be looked for in the Slave controller, use the remote console to get
connection to the Slave μC.

26. WAITING FOR NODE #3

The Master μC has detected a fault condition, the Slave is aware of this thanks to
CAN bus communication; it cannot drive the motor until the Master has resolved its
problem. The fault has to be looked for in the Master.

27. NO CAN MESSAGE #4

Master (node #3) signals that it has lost can communication with the Slave (node #4).
This fault could be determined by a problem in the truck CAN bus line or by an internal
problem in the controller logic card. It is suggested to preliminary check CAN bus
connection.

28. NO CAN MESSAGE #3

Slave (node #4) signals that it has lost can communication with the Master (node #3).
This fault could be determined by a problem in the truck CAN bus line or by an internal
problem in the controller logic card. It is suggested to preliminary check CAN bus
connection.

81
6.6.3Pump related fault codes
Controller status
description Condition that has to occur to come
Code Alarm string master slave Motor
Init Ready out from alarm status
running
28 “PUMP VMN LOW” × × × × ALARM Wrong voltage output of If the alarm is present in Init status,
pump chopper, the motor remove the alarm cause
voltage feedback is not coherent -If the alarm has occurred in ready
with applied PWM or running mode, it is necessary to
remove fault cause and to activate a
function request.
56 “PUMP STBY I HIGH” × × × × ALARM in ready condition (no If the alarm is present in Init status,
PWM applied to pump chopper) remove the alarm cause
the pump current sensor -If the alarm has occurred in ready
feedback is out of the zero or running mode, it is necessary to
current window. remove fault cause and to activate a
function request.

242 “PUMPTEMPERAT” × × × × Warning the pump chopper To remove Warning cause

Slave temperature is higher than
75 ℃

242 “PUMP” × × × × Warning Master controller To remove Warning cause

Master signals that salve µC has
detected a fault in the pump
chopper

82
243 “PUMP INC. START” × × × Warning pump incorrect start To remove Warning cause
sequence

244 “PUMP VACC × × × Warning pump accelerator To remove Warning cause

MOTOR” voltage is 1V greater than the
minimum value programmed

83
6.3.4 Analysis of pump related alarms displayed in console
1. PUMP VMN LOW
The pump chopper power output is feedback to the μC. If this feedback voltage is not
coherent with the applied PWM, this fault condition is signalled. There could be many
causes:
- failure in the pump chopper power section
- failure in the pump chopper driving section
- failure in the pump chopper voltage feedback circuit
- dispersion in the pump motor to truck frame.

2. PUMP STBY I HIGH

The pump chopper current sensor feedback is out of the zero-current window while no
PWM is applied to the pump chopper. The most likely cause is a failure in the current
sensor.

3. PUMP TEMPERATURE
Pump chopper temperature is higher than 75°C, maximum current is proportionally
reduced. If the alarm is present when the controller is cold, there is a failure in the
temperature sensor or in the feedback circuit.

4. PUMP
This is a warning in the MASTER controller, which inform that the SLAVE is in a pump
chopper related fault condition.

84