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SQL Questions Answers

The document contains SQL queries related to various aspects of a database, including customers, orders, employees, departments, and product sales. It covers retrieving data, filtering with aggregation, and analyzing customer behavior and performance. The queries demonstrate complex joins and aggregations to extract meaningful insights from the data.

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4 views5 pages

SQL Questions Answers

The document contains SQL queries related to various aspects of a database, including customers, orders, employees, departments, and product sales. It covers retrieving data, filtering with aggregation, and analyzing customer behavior and performance. The queries demonstrate complex joins and aggregations to extract meaningful insights from the data.

Uploaded by

suraiyyaustad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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-- Customers & Orders

Q1: Retrieve all customers who have placed an order.


A1:
SELECT DISTINCT c.*
FROM customers c
JOIN orders o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id;

Q2: List orders along with the customer names.


A2:
SELECT o.order_id, o.total_amount, o.order_date, c.name
FROM orders o
JOIN customers c ON o.customer_id = c.customer_id;

Q3: Find customers who haven’t placed any orders.


A3:
SELECT c.*
FROM customers c
LEFT JOIN orders o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id
WHERE o.order_id IS NULL;

-- Employees & Departments


Q1: Retrieve all employees and their department names, including those without a
department.
A1:
SELECT e.name AS employee_name, d.dept_name
FROM employees e
LEFT JOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.department_id;

Q2: Find departments that have no employees.


A2:
SELECT d.*
FROM departments d
LEFT JOIN employees e ON d.department_id = e.department_id
WHERE e.emp_id IS NULL;

-- Filtering with Aggregation & JOIN


Q1: Retrieve the average grade per course.
A1:
SELECT c.title, AVG(e.grade) AS avg_grade
FROM courses c
JOIN enrollments e ON c.course_id = e.course_id
GROUP BY c.title;

Q2: List students who are not enrolled in any courses.


A2:
SELECT s.*
FROM students s
LEFT JOIN enrollments e ON s.student_id = e.student_id
WHERE e.course_id IS NULL;

Q3: Find students who scored above the course average grade.
A3:
SELECT s.name, c.title, e.grade
FROM enrollments e
JOIN students s ON s.student_id = e.student_id
JOIN courses c ON c.course_id = e.course_id
WHERE e.grade > (
SELECT AVG(e2.grade)
FROM enrollments e2
WHERE e2.course_id = e.course_id
);

-- Medium Level (Complex JOINS & Aggregations)


Q1: Retrieve all employees with their department name and manager details.
A1:
SELECT e.name AS employee_name, d.dept_name, m.manager_name, m.bonus
FROM employees e
LEFT JOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.department_id
LEFT JOIN managers m ON d.manager_id = m.manager_id;

Q2: Find departments that do not have a manager assigned.


A2:
SELECT *
FROM departments
WHERE manager_id IS NULL;

Q3: Retrieve employees who earn more than their department’s average salary.
A3:
SELECT e.*
FROM employees e
JOIN (
SELECT department_id, AVG(salary) AS avg_salary
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id
) dept_avg ON e.department_id = dept_avg.department_id
WHERE e.salary > dept_avg.avg_salary;

-- Product Sales Analysis with JOINS


Q1: Retrieve all products that have never been sold.
A1:
SELECT p.*
FROM products p
LEFT JOIN order_items oi ON p.product_id = oi.product_id
WHERE oi.order_id IS NULL;

Q2: Find the top 3 best-selling products based on total quantity sold.
A2:
SELECT p.product_name, SUM(oi.quantity) AS total_sold
FROM products p
JOIN order_items oi ON p.product_id = oi.product_id
GROUP BY p.product_name
ORDER BY total_sold DESC
LIMIT 3;

Q3: Get the total revenue per product category.


A3:
SELECT p.category, SUM(oi.quantity * oi.price) AS total_revenue
FROM products p
JOIN order_items oi ON p.product_id = oi.product_id
GROUP BY p.category;

-- Advanced Filtering with JOINS: Employee Performance


Q1: Retrieve all employees and the projects they are working on.
A1:
SELECT e.name, p.project_name, ep.role
FROM employees e
JOIN employee_projects ep ON e.emp_id = ep.emp_id
JOIN projects p ON ep.project_id = p.project_id;

Q2: Find employees who are not assigned to any project.


A2:
SELECT e.*
FROM employees e
LEFT JOIN employee_projects ep ON e.emp_id = ep.emp_id
WHERE ep.project_id IS NULL;

Q3: List projects that have no employees assigned.


A3:
SELECT p.*
FROM projects p
LEFT JOIN employee_projects ep ON p.project_id = ep.project_id
WHERE ep.emp_id IS NULL;

-- Customer Order Behavior Analysis


Q1: Find customers who have placed more than 5 orders.
A1:
SELECT c.*, COUNT(o.order_id) AS order_count
FROM customers c
JOIN orders o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id
GROUP BY c.customer_id, c.name, c.email
HAVING COUNT(o.order_id) > 5;

Q2: Retrieve the total amount spent per customer.


A2:
SELECT c.customer_id, c.name, SUM(o.total_amount) AS total_spent
FROM customers c
JOIN orders o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id
GROUP BY c.customer_id, c.name;

Q3: Get customers who haven’t placed any orders in the last 6 months.
A3:
SELECT c.*
FROM customers c
LEFT JOIN orders o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id AND o.order_date > CURRENT_DATE
- INTERVAL '6 months'
GROUP BY c.customer_id, c.name, c.email
HAVING COUNT(o.order_id) = 0;

-- Mastering Aggregations with HAVING & JOINS


Q1: Find total revenue per region, but only for regions where revenue exceeds
$10,000.
A1:
SELECT region, SUM(quantity * price) AS total_revenue
FROM sales
GROUP BY region
HAVING SUM(quantity * price) > 10000;

Q2: Retrieve the lowest revenue-generating product.


A2:
SELECT product_name, SUM(quantity * price) AS total_revenue
FROM sales
GROUP BY product_name
ORDER BY total_revenue ASC
LIMIT 1;

Q3: Get the monthly revenue for the past 6 months.


A3:
SELECT DATE_TRUNC('month', sale_date) AS month,
SUM(quantity * price) AS revenue
FROM sales
WHERE sale_date >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '6 months'
GROUP BY month
ORDER BY month;

-- Hard Level (Advanced JOINS & Real-World Scenarios)


Q1: Retrieve all employees with their department names and managers.
A1:
SELECT e.name AS employee_name, d.dept_name, m.manager_name
FROM employees e
LEFT JOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.department_id
LEFT JOIN managers m ON d.manager_id = m.manager_id;

Q2: Find employees who earn more than their department’s average salary.
A2:
SELECT e.*
FROM employees e
JOIN (
SELECT department_id, AVG(salary) AS avg_salary
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id
) dept_avg ON e.department_id = dept_avg.department_id
WHERE e.salary > dept_avg.avg_salary;

Q3: Calculate the total salary expense per manager, including bonus amounts.
A3:
SELECT m.manager_name, SUM(e.salary) + m.bonus AS total_expense
FROM managers m
JOIN departments d ON m.manager_id = d.manager_id
JOIN employees e ON d.department_id = e.department_id
GROUP BY m.manager_name, m.bonus;

-- Complex Many-to-Many Relationship: Student-Course Enrollments


Q1: Retrieve all students along with their enrolled courses.
A1:
SELECT s.name AS student_name, c.title AS course_title
FROM students s
JOIN enrollments e ON s.student_id = e.student_id
JOIN courses c ON e.course_id = c.course_id;

Q2: Find students who are enrolled in more than 3 courses.


A2:
SELECT s.name, COUNT(e.course_id) AS course_count
FROM students s
JOIN enrollments e ON s.student_id = e.student_id
GROUP BY s.name
HAVING COUNT(e.course_id) > 3;

Q3: Get the highest and lowest grades for each course.
A3:
SELECT c.title,
MAX(e.grade) AS highest_grade,
MIN(e.grade) AS lowest_grade
FROM courses c
JOIN enrollments e ON c.course_id = e.course_id
GROUP BY c.title;
-- E-commerce Data Analysis with JOINS & Aggregation
Q1: Find the total revenue per customer, including product details.
A1:
SELECT c.name, p.product_name, SUM(oi.quantity * oi.price) AS total_spent
FROM customers c
JOIN orders o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id
JOIN order_items oi ON o.order_id = oi.order_id
JOIN products p ON oi.product_id = p.product_id
GROUP BY c.name, p.product_name;

Q2: Retrieve the top 5 customers based on total spending.


A2:
SELECT c.name, SUM(o.total_amount) AS total_spent
FROM customers c
JOIN orders o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id
GROUP BY c.name
ORDER BY total_spent DESC
LIMIT 5;

Q3: Get the most profitable product category.


A3:
SELECT p.category, SUM(oi.quantity * oi.price) AS total_revenue
FROM products p
JOIN order_items oi ON p.product_id = oi.product_id
GROUP BY p.category
ORDER BY total_revenue DESC
LIMIT 1;

Q4: Find customers who purchased products from at least 3 different categories.
A4:
SELECT c.name, COUNT(DISTINCT p.category) AS category_count
FROM customers c
JOIN orders o ON c.customer_id = o.customer_id
JOIN order_items oi ON o.order_id = oi.order_id
JOIN products p ON oi.product_id = p.product_id
GROUP BY c.name
HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT p.category) >= 3;

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