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The document outlines experiments using Ansys HFSS 13.0 for simulating electromagnetic structures, including the design of rectangular and circular waveguides. It details the steps for creating solid structures, assigning materials, boundary conditions, and excitations, as well as analyzing results. The document serves as a guide for engineers to design high-frequency electronic products and visualize electromagnetic behavior in waveguides.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5 views6 pages

Correction

The document outlines experiments using Ansys HFSS 13.0 for simulating electromagnetic structures, including the design of rectangular and circular waveguides. It details the steps for creating solid structures, assigning materials, boundary conditions, and excitations, as well as analyzing results. The document serves as a guide for engineers to design high-frequency electronic products and visualize electromagnetic behavior in waveguides.

Uploaded by

mukul sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No.

– 1
AIM: Introduction to simulation software for Electromagnetics.
APPARATUS: HFSS 13.0
THEORY : Ansys HFSS is a 3D electromagnetic (EM) simulation software for designing
and simulating high-frequency electronic products such as antennas, antenna arrays, RF or
microwave components, high-speed interconnects, filters, connectors, IC packages and printed
circuit boards. Engineers worldwide use Ansys HFSS to design high-frequency, high-speed
electronics found in communications systems, radar systems, advanced driver assistance
systems (ADAS), satellites, internet-of-things (IoT) products and other high-speed RF and
digital devices.
CREATE A SIMPLE SOLID STRUCTURE IN HFSS :
Here we are going design a 2-rectangular boxes for which we need to follow these
steps:
 Create a new project then we get screen consist of x- , y- &
z- axis.
 Choose a rectangular solid shape from the above solid shape
section.
 Now move your pointer (w.r.t. x, y, z-axes) from where you want to start drawing your
shape then expand your drawn shape as much it is required.
 Now, instead adjust its measurement manually go on to create box (box1 >> create
box) option and adjust sizes ofthe shape.
 Again repeat the above 3 procedures.
 Again try to adjust box2 size as per your ease.
 Finally, we get an output consists of 2-layered-rectangular boxes.
Now, we will see the drawn shape which looks as:

Figure 1 Rectangular Box

 CREATE COMPLEX STRUCTURE & ASSIGNING MATERIALS IN HFSS :


 On continuing above project, we will draw a circular on the top of these boxes.
 Select a cylindrical shape and draw it on the top of upper box.
 Now, adjust its size as per requirement.
 Now, move to cylindrical box1 >> Edit >> copy & paste the same cylindrical box1
then it yields cylindrical box2.
 Now, select both cylindrical box1 and cylindrical box2 then move to Edit >> Bolean
>> Subtract.This will result a circular ring. Its figure is given as :

Figure2 Rectangular Box with Ring

 ASSIGNING BOUNDARY CONDITIONS , EXCITATION & CHECK VALIDATION :


 To assign boundary condition make right click and go to Select Faces. In this
one face should be a master and other should be a slave and follow the
following steps:
 Make a rectangular box of greater size than the previous one as shown in
figure.
 Select faces (making right click) of that in such a way that one is master and
other is slave.
 After selecting a face make right click and go to the option Assign Boundary
called Master and define the U-vector. Similarly, make a slave face (just
opposite to master face) and also defined their directions.
 On the same way select faces for rest of the two vertical faces.
 Now, for top and bottom faces Assign Excitation. Assign Excitation >> Floquet
Port >> define direction.
 Now make the setup by defining desired frequency and their starting & stopping
points too.
Check it if all setup is correct then it will indicate all green ticks. Its figure is shown
here:

Figure 3 Box3 containing all other elements

Figure 4 Showing the HFSS Design Setup


 MODE SELECTION & RESULT PLOT:
After implementing all setup correctly, then for the selection of mode and result plotting,
we need to follow these steps:
HFSS >> Results >> Create Modal Solution Data Report >> Rectangular Plot >> Analyze
all.
On analysis, we get the desired result plot.
 LUMPED PORT: Lumped port is located internally to the solution space and
2D-port rectangle touches the signal with one edge also little above & below
for good feeding to transmission line and the opposite edge touches the ground
plane.
Experiment No. – 2
AIM: To design a rectangular waveguide using HFSS.

APPARATUS: HFSS 13.0 simulation software.

THEORY: A rectangular waveguide is a hollow metallic tube with a rectangular


cross section. The conducting walls of the waveguide confine the electromagnetic
fields and thereby guide the electromagnetic wave. The rectangular waveguide is
basically characterized by its dimensions i.e., length ‘a’ and breadth ‘b’.

 DESIGN A RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE:


To design rectangular waveguide we need to follow some steps which are given as :
 Create a new project (named as Project2) >> Open 3D area >> Draw a rectangular
box.
 Adjust its dimensions as per ease.
 Select two faces respectively and assign them an excitation i.e. Assign Exitation >>
Wave Port and define its vectorial direction.
 Assign boundaries to the rest of the faces such that Assign_Boundaries >> Perfect
E....
 Now go to Analysis and create Setup of the schematic (Analysis≫ Setup).
 Now go to, Setup1 >> Add Frequency Sweep.
 Analyze the Setup for detecting error (if any) (Analyze All).
 Now, for visualizing the behavior of electric field in rectangular waveguide: Select
Object and select entire object (rectangular waveguide) the Plot Fields >> E >>
Vector_E >> Done. If wants to animate then just go to Field Overlay >> Vector_E >>
Animate.
 Similarly, Select face i.e. Select Faces >> PlotFields >> E >> Mag_E . We can animate
this also as following same above procedure.
 For Results,go to Results >> Model Data Report >> Rectangular Plot >>select S(x, y)
>> New report. Got the result.
Experiment No. 3
AIM: To design a Circular Waveguide using HFSS.

APPARATUS: HFSS 13.0 simulation software.

THEORY: A waveguide is a hollow metal tube (rectangular or circular in


cross section) that transmits electromagnetic energy from one place to
another. A waveguide with a circular cross-section is called as Circular
Waveguide. It supports both transverse electric (TE) and transverse
magnetic (TM) modes. TE11 is the dominant mode in a circular waveguide i.e.,
a signal in this mode propagates with the minimum degradation.
The circular waveguide is easier to manufacture than rectangular waveguides
and is relatively easy to install. It is usually used to connect a horn antenna
with a reflector in tracking radars and for long-distance waveguide
transmission above 10 GHz.
The cut-off frequency of a circular waveguide is inversely proportional to its
radius. See the formula below - r is the radius of the circular waveguide and C is
the speed of light.
1.8412 ∗ 𝑐
𝑓𝑐 =
2∗𝜋∗𝑟
 DESIGN A CIRCULAR WAVEGUIDE:
Now to design a circular waveguide we need to follow some recognized
steps:
 Create a new project >> Draw a Cylinderical shape >> Adjust its dimension.
 Now, select a faces (Cross-sectional circular faces).
 Assign excitation to those circular cross-sectional faces such that Assign
Excitation >> Wave Port and define their direction.
 On the same way, assign boundaries to rest cylindrical faces. Assign
Boundaries >> Perfect_E .
 Now, develope the schematic setup. Analyze >> Solution Setup and adjust the
required frequency value.
 Now,adjust the frequency sweep. Setup1 >> Add Frequency Sweep.
 Now, to detect error and/or correctness of Solution Setup use Analysis All.
 Now, for visualizing the behavior of electric field in circular waveguide we
follow: Select Object and select entire object (rectangular waveguide) the Plot
Fields >> E >> Vector_E >> Done. If wants to animate then just go to Field
Overlay >> Vector_E >> Animate.
 Similarly, Select face i.e. Select Faces >> PlotFields >> E >> Mag_E. We can
animate this also as following same above procedure.
 For Results,go to Results >> Model Data Report >> Rectangular Plot >>select
S(x , y) >> New report. Got the result.
Here are some experimental diagram is shown....

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