SPPU B.E./B.

Tech MECH Sem 7

syllabus

Hydraulics and Pneumatics

Course Code : 402041

Course Name : Hydraulics and Pneumatics

Credits TH : 03 TH : 03

Unit 1: Basics of Fluid Power and Pumps

Fluid power basics, advantages and limitations, fluid power
distribution, standard symbols, energy loss in hydraulic systems.
Pumps - types, classification, principle of working and constructional
details of vane pumps, gear pumps, radial and axial plunger pumps,
screw pumps, power and efficiency calculations, and characteristics
curves.

Unit 2: Actuators and Power Unit

Linear and rotary actuators- types, construction and characteristics.
Cylinder mountings, cushioning of cylinders.
Power units and accessories - types of power units, reservoir
assembly, constructional details.
Accumulators, Intensifiers, Pressure and Temperature switches
/sensors, level sensors.

Unit 3: Fluid Power Control

Direction control valves - center positions, methods of actuation, two
stage valves, Flow control valves - pressure and temperature
compensated. Pressure control valves - pressure reducing valve,
sequence valve, unloading valve, brake valve, back pressure valve,
counter balance valve, check valves, prefill valve, servo valves,
cartridge valves, proportional valves.

Unit 4: Hydraulic Circuits and Contamination Control

Hydraulic circuits: Simple reciprocating, regenerative, speed control
(meter in, meter out and bleed off), sequencing, synchronization,
traverse and feed, automatic reciprocating, fail safe circuit, counter
balance circuit, actuator locking, unloading circuit, motor breaking
circuit etc.
Contamination control: Contamination, sources of contamination,
suction strainer, filters, filtration, filter ratings.

Unit 5: Pneumatics – Components, Control Valves and Circuits

Compressors - Types, principle of working and constructional details.
Comparison of pneumatic with hydraulic power transmissions. Types
of filters, pressure regulators, lubricators, mufflers, dryers, direction
control valves, pneumatic actuators, shuttle valve, two pressure
valve, quick exhaust valve and time delay valves, electro-pneumatics.
Speed regulating methods, pneumatic circuits, reciprocating,
cascading time delay etc. Application of pneumatics in low cost
automation and in industrial automation.

Unit 6: System Analysis and Design

Calculation of piston velocity, thrust under static and dynamic
applications, considering friction, inertia loads, design considerations
for cylinders, Design of hydraulic/pneumatic circuits for practical
application, selection of different components such as reservoir,
control elements, actuators, accumulator, intensifier, filters, pumps.
(Students are advised to refer manufacturers’ catalogues for design
and use simulation tool like Automation Studio for analysis).

Books
Text :
1. Esposito A, Fluid Power with application, Prentice Hall
2. Majumdar S.R, Oil Hydraulic system- Principle and maintenance
,Tata McGraw Hill
3. Majumdar S.R, Pneumatics Systems Principles and Maintenance
,Tata McGraw Hill
4. Stewart H. L, Hydraulics and Pneumatics , Taraporewala
Publication

References :
1. Pipenger J.J, Industrial Hydraulics, McGraw Hill
2. Pinches, Industrial Fluid Power, Prentice Hall
3. Yeaple, Fluid Power Design Handbook
4. Andrew A. Parr, Hydraulics and Pneumatics, Elsevier Science and
Technology Books
5. ISO - 1219, Fluid Systems and components, Graphic Symbols
6. Standard Manufacturer’s Catalogues
CAD CAM and Automation

Course Code : 402042

Course Name : CAD CAM and Automation

Credits TH : 03 TW : 01

Unit 1: Computer Graphics

Transformations (2D & 3D) : Introduction, Formulation,
Translation, Shear, Rotation, Scaling and reflection, Homogeneous
representation, Concatenated transformation, Mapping of geometric
models, Inverse transformations, Introduction to 3D transformation
(Theory + Numerical treatment only for 2D – Max 3 vertices)
Projections : Orthographic, Isometric, Perspective projections (Only
theory)

Unit 2: Geometric Modeling

Curves – Introduction, Analytical curves (Line, circle, ellipse,
parabola, hyperbola), Synthetic curves
(Hermite Cubic Spline, Bezier, B-Spline Curve) [Numerical on Line,
Circle, Ellipse, Hermite Cubic Spline, Bezier]
Surfaces – Introduction, Surface representation, Analytic surfaces,
Synthetic Surfaces, Hermite bicubic, Bezier, B-Spline, Coons patch
surface, Applications in freeform surfaces [only Theory]
Solids - Introduction, Geometry and Topology, Solid Representation,
Boundary Representation, Euler's equation, Constructive Solid
Geometry (CSG), Boolean operation for CSG [only Theory]

Unit 3: Finite Element Analysis (FEA)

Introduction : Brief History of FEM, Finite Element Terminology
(nodes, elements, domain, continuum, Degrees of freedom, loads and
constraints), General FEM procedure, Applications of FEM in various
fields, meshing, p and h formulation, Advantages and disadvantages
of FEM [Only theory]
One Dimensional Problem: Finite element modeling, coordinate
and linear shape function, Assembly of Global Stiffness Matrix and
Load Vector, Properties of Stiffness Matrix, Finite Element Equations,
Temperature Effects. [Theory + Numerical – composite shaft, spring
elements in series and parallel]
Trusses : Introduction, 2D Trusses, Assembly of Global Stiffness
Matrix [Numerical limited to 4X4 matrix]
Unit 4: Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
Introduction to Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM), Coordinate
system, Working principal of CNC Lathe, Turning Centers, Milling
Machine, Steps in developing CNC part program, Tool and geometric
compensations, subroutine and Do loop using canned cycle. [Only
theory – 2 hrs]
CNC Lathe part programming (FANUC) : Linear and circular
interpolation, Canned cycles for facing, threading, grooving, etc.
[Theory + Program]
CNC Milling part programming (FANUC): Linear and circular
interpolation, Pocketing, contouring and drilling cycles. [Theory +
Program]

Unit 5: Advanced Manufacturing Method

Product Life Cycle: Introduction, Need, Components/Elements of
PLM, Collaborative Engineering. [Only theory]
Rapid Prototyping : Introduction, classification of RP Processes
(SLA, LOM, SLS, FDM, 3D printing), Working principle, features,
models & specification of process, application, advantages and
disadvantages, Rapid Tooling and STL format, Concept of 4D Rapid
Prototyping. [Only theory]

Unit 6: Automation
Automation : Introduction, Automation strategies, Types of
Automation - Hard and Soft Automation,
Flexible Manufacturing System – Types, Advantages, Limitations,
AGVs and AS/RS [Only theory]
Group Technology: Introduction, Coding Methods, Concepts of
Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) and Computer Aided
Process Planning (CAPP), Variant & Generative methods of CAPP,
advantages of CAPP. [Only theory]
Robotics: RIA definition of Robot, Laws of robotics, Classification of
robots, robot anatomy, Point to point and continuous path robotic
systems, Joints, End Effectors, Grippers - Mechanical, Magnetic and
Pneumatic, Applications. [Only theory]

Books
Text :
1. Ibrahim Zeid and R. Sivasubramanian - CAD/CAM - Theory and
Practice Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Co. 2009
2. Chandrupatla T. R. and Belegunda A. D. -Introduction to Finite
Elements in Engineering - Prentice Hall India.
3. Nitin S. Gokhale, Practical Finite Element Analysis, Finite To
Infinite; First Edition edition, ISBN-10: 8190619500 ISBN-13: 978-
8190619509
4. S. K. Sinha, CNC Programming using Fanuc Custom Macro B,
McGraw-Hill Professional
5. S. R. Deb, Robotics Technology and Flexible Automation, Tata
McGraw Hill.

References :
1. Ibraim Zeid, Mastering CAD/CAM – Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Co. 2000
2. Segerling L. J. - Applied Finite Elements Analysis, John Wiley and
Sons
3. Seshu P. Text book of Finite Element Analysis, PHI Learning
Private Ltd. New Delhi, 2010
4. Rao P. N., Introduction to CAD/CAM Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Co.
5. B. S. Pabla, M. Adithan, CNC Machines, New Age International,
1994
6. Groover M.P.-Automation, production systems and computer
integrated manufacturing‘ - Prentice Hall of India
7. Ian Gibson, David W. Rosen, Brent Stucker, Additive Manufacturing
Technologies: Rapid Prototyping to Direct Digital Manufacturing,
Springer
8. Geoffrey Boothroyd, Peter Dewhurst, Winston A. Knight, Product
Design for Manufacture and Assembly, Third Edition ,CRC Press
9. Antti Saaksvuori, Anselmi Immonen, Product Life Cycle
Management -Springer, 1st Edition, 2003

Dynamics of Machinery

Course Code : 402043

Course Name : Dynamics of Machinery

Credits TH : 04 TW : 01

UNIT 1: Single Degree of Freedom Systems – Free Vibration

Fundamentals of Vibration : Elements of a vibratory system, vector
representation of S.H.M., degrees of freedom, Introduction to
Physical and Mathematical modeling of vibratory systems : Bicycle,
Motor bike and Quarter Car. types of vibration, equivalent stiffness
and damping, formulation of differential equation of motion (Newton,
D’Alembert and energy method)
Undamped free vibrations: Natural frequency for longitudinal,
transverse and torsional vibratory systems.
Damped free vibrations: Different types of damping, Viscous
damping – over damped, critically damped and under damped
systems, initial conditions, logarithmic decrement, Dry friction or
coulomb damping - frequency and rate of decay of oscillations.

UNIT 2: Single Degree of Freedom Systems - Forced

Vibrations
Forced vibrations of longitudinal and torsional systems, Frequency
Response to harmonic excitation, excitation due to rotating and
reciprocating unbalance, base excitation, magnification factor, Force
and Motion transmissibility, Quality Factor. Half power bandwidth
method, Critical speed of shaft having single rotor of undamped
systems.

UNIT 3: Two Degree of Freedom Systems – Undamped

Vibrations
Free vibration of spring coupled systems – longitudinal and torsional,
torsionally equivalent shafts, natural frequency and mode shapes,
Eigen value and Eigen vector by Matrix method, Combined rectilinear
and angular motion, Vibrations of Geared systems.

UNIT 4: Balancing
Static and dynamic balancing, balancing of rotating masses in single
and several planes, primary and secondary balancing of reciprocating
masses, balancing in single cylinder engines, balancing in multi-
cylinder in-line engines, direct and reverse cranks method -radial and
V engines.

UNIT 5: Measurement and Control of Vibration

A) Measurement: Vibration Measuring Instruments,
Accelerometers, Impact hammer, Vibration shakers, Vibration
Analyzer, Vibration based condition monitoring, Analysis of Vibration
Spectrum, Standards related to measurement of vibration, Human
response to vibrations.
B) Control : Vibration control methods, passive, semi active
(Introduction to Electro-Rheological & Magneto-Rheological
dampers) and active vibration control, control of excitation at the
source, control of natural frequency, Vibration isolators, Tuned
Dynamic Vibration Absorbers, Introduction to Torsional Damper

UNIT 6: Introduction to Noise

Fundamentals of noise Sound concepts, Decibel Level, white noise,
weighted sound pressure level, Logarithmic addition, subtraction and
averaging, sound intensity, noise measurement, sound fields, octave
band, sound reflection, absorption and transmission, acoustic
material & its characteristics, Noise control at the Source, along the
path and at the receiver, pass-by-noise, Reverberation chamber,
Anechoic Chamber, Human Exposure to Noise and Noise standards.

Books
Text :
1. S. S. Rao, Mechanical Vibrations, Pearson Education Inc. New
Delhi.
2. G. K. Grover, Mechanical Vibrations, New Chand and
Bros.,Roorkee
3. Wiiliam J Palm III, Mechanical Vibration, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd, New
Delhi
4. Uicker J. John, Jr, Pennock Gordon R, Shigley Joseph E., Theory of
Machines and Mechanisms, International Version, OXFORD
University Press, New Delhi.
5. M L Munjal, Noise and Vibration Control, Cambridge University
Press India

References :
1. Weaver, Vibration Problems in Engineering, 5th Edition Wiley India
Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.
2. Bell, L. H. and Bell, D. H., Industrial Noise Control – Fundamentals
and Applications‖, Marcel Dekker Inc.
3. Alok Sinha, Vibration of Mechanical System, Cambridge university
Press , India
4. Debabrata Nag, Mechanical Vibrations, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd, New
Delhi.
5. Kelly S. G., Mechanical Vibrations, Schaums outlines, Tata McGraw
Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi.
6. Meirovitch, L., Elements of Mechanical Vibrations‖, McGraw Hill.
7. Ver, Noise and Vibration Control Engineering, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd,
New Delhi.
8. Bies, D. and Hansen, C., Engineering Noise Control - Theory and
Practice, Taylor and Francis.
9. Shrikant Bhave, Mechanical Vibrations Theory and Practice,
Pearson, New Delhi
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