Math 2 6.

1 Quadratic Vertex Form Name_______________

Three Forms of a Quadratic Function: Each form of the functions gives us a(n) critical point(s):

Factored Form Standard Form Vertex Form

f ( x ) = a ( x − r1 )( x − r2 ) f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c f ( x) = a ( x − h ) + k
2

r1 and r2 are the roots c is the y-intercept (h,k) is the vertex

In this project you will learn two ways to find the vertex (max or min) of a quadratic function.

VERTEX FORM: The graph of a quadratic function is a “U” shaped curve. The VERTEX of the graph is
the “point” of the “U”. The vertex is labeled as (h,k), where “h” represents the x-coordinate of the vertex and
“k” represents the y-coordinate of the vertex. Start with the Standard Form: f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c .

For any quadratic function the “h” or x-coordinate of the vertex is found using:
−b
h= from f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c The “k” or y-coordinate of the vertex is: k = f (h) .
2a
[Note: The coefficient “a” is the same in all three forms of the quadratic function.]

f ( x) = a ( x − h ) + k
2
The Vertex Form of a quadratic functions is written as: (h,k) = Vertex

I. Find the vertex (h,k) and convert from Standard Form to Vertex Form.

1. f(x) = x2 + 10x + 25 2. f(x) = x2 – 2x – 15 3. f(x) = x2 + 4x – 21

4. f(x) = x2 – 6x + 8 5. f(x) = x2 + 8x + 12 6. f(x) = x2 – 10x – 24

II. You can use the roots of a quadratic function to find its vertex too. “h” is the average of the roots.
r1 + r2
(a) Find the vertex using the roots of the function. (b) Find the y-intercept. h= ; k = f (h)
2
7. f ( x ) = ( x − 12 )( x − 4 ) 8. f ( x ) = − ( x + 3 )( x − 7 ) 9. f ( x ) = ( x − 6 )( x + 6 )

10. f ( x ) = 2 ( x + 5 )( x − 1) 11. f ( x ) = ( x − 4 )( x − 8 ) 12. f ( x ) = −2 ( x − 6 )( x + 10 )

III. Use FOIL to convert from Factored to Standard Form. Find the roots and the y-intercept.

13. f ( x ) = ( x − 12 )( x − 3 ) 14. f ( x ) = ( x − 9 )( x + 4 ) 15. f ( x ) = ( x − 6 )( x + 6 )

16. f ( x ) = ( x + 18 )( x − 2 ) 17. f ( x ) = ( x + 12 )( x − 3 ) 18. f ( x ) = 6 x ( x − 6 )

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Math 2 6.2 Graphing Standard Form Quadratic Functions Name_______________

Given the Standard Form of a quadratic function, find the roots, vertex and y-intercept, then sketch a graph.

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5 3. 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 5

4. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 12 6. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 21

7. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 16 8. 𝑓(𝑥) = −2𝑥 2 + 18 9. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4

10. 𝑓(𝑥) = −2𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 11. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 24 12. 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 8

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Math 2 6.3 Quadratic Graph Translations Name__________________

The parent graph of a quadratic functions is f ( x ) = x 2 , which is a “U” shaped parabolic curve. The following
shifts move the quadratic around on a graph: f(x) = (x – 4)2 – 3

f ( x) = ( x − h ) → Moves the parent graph “h” units to the right.

2

f ( x) = ( x + h ) → Moves the parent graph “h” units to the left.

2

f ( x ) = x 2 + k → Moves the parent graph “k” units up.

f ( x ) = x 2 − k → Moves the parent graph “k” units down.
f ( x ) = ax 2 → Narrows the graph if |a| > 1; Broadens the graph is 0 < |a| < 1.
f ( x) = − x 2
→ Reflects the graph across the x-axis if a < 0; Graph is upside down.

f ( x) = a ( x − h ) + k
2
VERTEX FORM of Quadratic Function: Vertex at (h,k):
“h” → right/left; “k” up/down

Write the Vertex Form of the quadratic based on the following descriptions. Graph the function.

1. The parent graph is shifted 5 units up, 3 units left, and reflected across the x-axis.

2. The parent graph is shifted to the right 3 units, 4 units down, and stretched by a factor of 3/2.

3. The parent graph is shifted up 6, reflected across the x-axis, and broadened by a factor of ½.

4. The parent graph is shifted to the right 5 units, 8 units down.

5. The parent graph is shifted up 4, reflected across the x-axis, and stretched by a factor of 2.

6. The parent graph is shifted right 3, down 6, and broadened by a factor of 2/3.

7. The parent graph is shifted up 3 and left 4 and reflected across the x-axis.

8. The parent graph is reflected across the x-axis, broadened by a factor of ½, and shifted up 5 units.

9. The parent graph is shifted right 6 units.

10. The parent graph has roots at -4 and 6 with a = 1.

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Math 2 6.4 Quadratic Transformations Name_______________

In this project you will be given a quadratic function rule. Use the rule to first describe the shifts and other
translations that are done to the parent graph f ( x ) = x 2 in order to obtain the graph of the new function. Find
the vertex of each quadratic.
1 2
1. f ( x) = −2 ( x + 3) + 5 ( x − 4) − 3 ( x + 5 ) − 12
2 2 2
2. f ( x ) = 3. f ( x ) = −
2 3

4. f ( x) = −16 ( t − 6 ) + 96 5. f ( x) = −2 ( x − 2 ) + 4 6. f ( x) = 2 ( x + 1) − 50
2 2 2

7. f ( x) = −3 ( x + 1) + 147 8. f ( x) = − ( x − 3) + 4 9. f ( x) = −2 ( x − 3) + 6
2 2 2

−b
Find the coordinates of the vertex using the formulas h = and k = f (h) .
2a
10. f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 x − 24 11. f ( x ) = x 2 + 4 x − 32 12. f ( x ) = x 2 − 3 x − 10

13. f ( x ) = −3 x 2 − 6 x + 144 14. f ( x ) = −5 x 2 − 20 x + 8 15. f ( x ) = 5 x 2 − 30 x + 25

Factor to convert to Factored Form, then find the roots of the quadratic function.

16. f ( x ) = x 2 + 3 x − 40 17. f ( x ) = x 2 − 5 x − 24 18. f ( x ) = x 2 − 10 x + 24

19. f ( x ) = 6 x 2 − x − 15 20. f ( x ) = − x 2 + 36 21. f ( x ) = 4 x 2 − 20 x

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Math 2 6.5 Converting Vertex Form to Factored Form Name________________
The Vertex Form of a quadratic function is the form: f ( x) = a ( x − h ) + k . If you set it equal to zero and solve
2

for “x”, you can find the roots of the function. The process is shown at right.
a ( x − h) + k = 0
2

−k −k
The formulas to find the roots are: r1 = h + ; and r2 = h − .
a ( x − h ) = −k
2
a a
Once you have the roots, you can write the function rule in Factored Form. −k
( x − h) =
2

a
You can FOIL out the binomial factors to convert to Standard Form.
−k
( x − h) =
2

I. Convert to Factored Form: a

−k
Given the Vertex Form of the quadratic function, use the formulas to find the x−h = 
a
roots, and write the function rule in Factored Form.
−k
1. f ( x) = ( x − 2 ) − 25 2. f ( x) = ( x + 3) − 9
2 2
x = h
a
−k
r1 = h +
a
−k
r2 = h −
a

3. f ( x) = − ( x − 4 ) + 36 4. f ( x) = 2 ( x − 1) + 32 5. f ( x) = 1/ 2 ( x + 2 ) − 2
2 2 2

6. f ( x) = −2 ( x − 2 ) + 50 7. f ( x) = 3 ( x − 5 ) − 48 8. f ( x) = − ( x + 8 ) + 100
2 2 2

−b
f ( x) = a ( x − h ) + k
2
II. Convert to Vertex Form: h= ; k = f (h)
2a
9. f ( x ) = x 2 − 6 x − 16 10. f ( x ) = x 2 + 10 x + 24

11. f ( x ) = x 2 − 8 x − 20 12. f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 x − 24

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Math 2 6.6 Graphing Vertex Form of Quadratic Functions Name______________

Given the Vertex Form of a quadratic, sketch a graph and label the critical points (vertex, y-intercept, roots).
Find the vertex, y – intercept, and roots. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥)2 − 4 2. 𝑓(𝑥) = −(𝑥 + 1)2 3. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 2)2 + 4

4. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)2 − 9 5. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 2)2 − 1 6. 𝑓(𝑥) = (−𝑥 − 3)2 − 4

7. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2(𝑥)2 − 4 8. 𝑓(𝑥) = −2(𝑥 − 2)2 + 4 9. 𝑓(𝑥) = 1/2(𝑥 − 2)2 − 2

10. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 2)2 + 4 11. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 2)2 12. 𝑓(𝑥) = −(𝑥 + 3)2 + 9

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Math 2 6.7 Converting Quadratic Forms Name________________

Factored Form Standard Form Vertex Form

f ( x ) = a ( x − r1 )( x − r2 ) f ( x ) = ax + bx + c f ( x) = a ( x − h ) + k
2 2

Gives Roots Gives y-intercept Gives Vertex (Max/Min)

I. Convert each Vertex Form quadratic function into its equivalent Standard Form function. FOIL
1
f ( x) = −3 ( x − 1) + 2 2. f ( x) = ( x + 4 ) − 5 ( x − 4) − 6
2 2 2
1. 3. f ( x ) =
2

−2
4. f ( x) = − ( x + 6 ) + 20 ( x − 3) + 2 6. f ( x) = − ( x − 5 ) + 24
2 2 2
5. f ( x ) =
3

−b
II. Convert each Standard Form into Vertex Form. h= ; k = f (h)
2a
7. f ( x ) = x 2 + 6 x − 40 8. f ( x ) = x 2 − 8 x + 12 9. f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 x − 24

10. f ( x ) = x 2 + 10 x + 24 11. f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 12 x − 32 12. f ( x ) = −3 x 2 + 12 x + 135

III. Factor each Standard Form quadratic function into its equivalent Factored Form.

13. f ( x ) = x 2 − x − 20 14. f ( x ) = x 2 − 5 x − 36 15. f ( x ) = x 2 + 5 x − 24

16. f ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 11x − 20 17. f ( x ) = 5 x 2 − 20 x 18. f ( x ) = −3 x 2 + 75

−k −k
IV. Convert each vertex Form into Factored Form: r1 = h + ; r2 = h −
a a
19. f ( x) = ( x − 2 ) − 9 20. f ( x) = − ( x + 3) + 49 21. f ( x) = 3 ( x − 5 ) − 75
2 2 2

1
22. f ( x) = −3 ( x + 4 ) + 27 23. f ( x) = −2 ( x − 2 ) + 72 ( x − 3) + 2
2 2 2
24. f ( x ) =
2
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Math 2 6.8 Graphing Factored Form Quadratic Functions Name_______________

Given the Factored form of a quadratic function, sketch a graph and label the critical points.
Find the roots, y – intercept, and vertex. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑟1 )(𝑥 − 𝑟2 )

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 − 2) 2. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 2) 3. 𝑓(𝑥) = −(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 3)

4. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 5) 5. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 4) 6. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 3)2

7. 𝑓(𝑥) = −(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 7) 8. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 8) 9. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 7)

10. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑥 − 2) 11. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥(𝑥 + 6) 12. 𝑓(𝑥) = −(𝑥 − 6)(𝑥 + 4)

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Math 2 6.9 Critical Points Name_____________________

Find the Critical Points of each function (Roots, y – intercept, Vertex). Estimate irrational answers.
1. f ( x ) = x 2 + 7 x − 24 2. h (t ) = −16t 2 + 100t + 250

3. h (t ) = −4.9t 2 + 68.6t − 49 4. f ( x) = −3 ( x − 4 ) + 36
2

5. f ( x) = −6 ( x + 4.25 ) + 35.625 6. f ( x) = −4 ( x − 7.5 ) + 13.5

2 2

7. f ( x ) = 2 ( x − 6 )( x + 9 ) 8. h(t ) = −16 ( t − 18 )( x + 3 )

9. f ( x ) = −4 ( x − 5.5 )( x − 7.5 ) 10. h (t ) = −4.9t 2 + 120t − 200

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Math 2 6.10 Graphing Quadratics Using Critical Points Name__________________

Factored Form Standard Form Vertex Form

f ( x ) = a ( x − r1 )( x − r2 ) f ( x ) = ax + bx + c f ( x) = a ( x − h ) + k
2 2

Gives Roots Gives y-intercept Gives Vertex (Max/Min)

Given the Factored Form: (a) Convert to Standard Form; (b) Convert to Vertex Form.
(c) Find the roots, vertex, y-intercept (d) Sketch the graph.
1. f ( x ) = ( x − 3 )( x − 5 ) 2. f ( x) = ( x + 2 ) − 9
2

3. f ( x ) = − x 2 + 4 x + 32 4. f ( x ) = −2 x ( x − 6 )

5. f ( x) = 2 ( x ) − 50
2
6. f ( x ) = x 2 − 3 x − 18

7. f ( x ) = x 2 + 6 x − 27 8. f ( x ) = −3 ( x − 4 )( x + 10 )

9. f ( x) = −5 ( x − 2 ) + 80
2
10. f ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 12 x + 9

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Math 2 6.11 Converting Quadratic Forms Name_____________

Factored Form Standard Form Vertex Form

f ( x ) = a ( x − r1 )( x − r2 ) f ( x ) = ax + bx + c f ( x) = a ( x − h ) + k
2 2

Gives Roots Gives y-intercept Gives Vertex (Max/Min)

I. Convert from vertex Form to Standard Form. {FOIL}

1. f ( x) = ( x − 3) + 6 2. f ( x) = ( x + 4 ) − 8 3. f ( x) = − ( x − 2 ) + 5
2 2 2

4. f ( x) = 2 ( x − 1) − 6 5. f ( x) = −3 ( x − 2 ) + 18 6. f ( x) = − ( x + 3) + 5
2 2 2

7. f(x) = −2 ( x − 1) + 8 8. f ( x) = 3 ( x − 5 ) + 15 9. f ( x) = 1 / 2 ( x − 2 ) − 4
2 2 2

−b
II. Convert from Standard Form to Vertex Form. h= ; k = f (h)
2a
10. f ( x ) = x 2 + 6 x − 40 11. f ( x ) = x 2 − 36 12. f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 12 x − 32

13. f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 x − 24 14. f ( x ) = x 2 + 10 x + 24 15. f ( x ) = −2 x 2 + 18

16. f ( x ) = −3 x 2 + 12 x + 135 17. f ( x ) = x 2 + 6 x − 27 18. f ( x ) = −5 x 2 + 20 x − 15

III. Convert from Standard Form to Factored Form.

19. f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 12 x − 32 20. f ( x ) = x 2 − 4 x − 32 21. f ( x ) = x 2 − 8 x + 12

22. f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 3 x − 20 23. f ( x ) = − x 2 − x + 20 24. f ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 7 x − 24

25. f ( x ) = −3 x 2 + 12 x + 135 26. f ( x ) = − x 2 + 6 x + 40 27. f ( x ) = −5 x 2 + 20 x − 15

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Math 2 6.12 Estimating Graphs Name__________________

Graph the following quadratic functions by estimating the critical points. Use the Quadratic Formula to
estimate the roots. Find the y – intercept. Find the Vertex using either the SF or the FF formulas.

1. f ( x ) = x 2 − x − 1 2. f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 x − 5

3. f ( x) = 3x + 5 x − 6 4. f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 6 x + 3

5. p ( n ) = −12 n 2 + 84 n − 24 6. f ( x ) = 16 x 2 − 36 x − 40

7. f ( x ) = −6 x 2 + 60 x + 18 8. f ( x ) = −8 x 2 + 17 x − 9

9. h (t ) = −4.9t 2 + 76t − 36 10. f ( x ) = 5 x 2 − 96 x + 300

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Math 2 6.13 More Converting Quadratic Forms Name________________

I. Convert to Factored Form:

1. f ( x ) = x 2 − 3 x − 18 2. f ( x ) = x 2 + 5 x − 36 3. f ( x ) = x 2 − 36

4. f ( x ) = 6 x 2 − 18 x 5. f ( x) = 2 ( x − 3) − 50 6. f ( x ) = 2 x 2 + x − 10
2

II. Convert to Vertex Form:

7. f ( x ) = x 2 − 6 x − 16 8. f ( x ) = x 2 + 6 x 9. f ( x ) = ( x − 4 )( x − 8 )

10. f ( x ) = x 2 − 10 x + 25 11. f ( x ) = x 2 − 8 x + 12 12. f ( x ) = −2 ( x − 3 )( x + 7 )

III. Convert to Standard Form:

13. f ( x ) = ( x − 4 )( x + 7 ) 14. f ( x) = ( x − 2 ) − 9 15. f ( x) = −2 ( x + 4 ) + 50

2 2

16. f ( x ) = −3 ( x − 4 )( x + 4 ) 17. f ( x ) = 6 x ( x − 5 ) 18. f ( x) = ( x + 6 ) − 12

2

IV. Find the roots, y – intercept, and the Vertex of each function.

19. f ( x ) = x 2 − 6 x − 27 20. f ( x) = ( x − 5 ) − 36 21. f ( x ) = ( x + 8 )( x − 2 )

2

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Math 2 6.14 Convert Quadratic Forms Name_______________
Convert to the Standard Form.
1. f ( x ) = ( x − 4.5 )( x + 12.5 ) 2. f ( x ) = 20 ( x − 5.25 )( x − 3.75 )

3. f ( x) = −4.4 ( x − 3.5 ) + 9.1 4. f ( x) = −100 ( x − 4.5 ) + 2000

2 2

Convert to Factored Form. Estimate irrational roots.

5. f ( x ) = 4 x 2 − 20 x − 39 6. f ( x ) = ( x − 4.5 )( x + 12.5 )

7. f ( x ) = x 2 − 12 x + 30 8. h (t ) = −16t 2 + 48t + 200

Convert to Vertex Form.

9. f ( x ) = −2 ( x − 7 )( x + 12 ) 10. f ( x ) = 3 ( x + 5 )( x − 8 )

11. f ( x ) = −2 x 2 + 7 x + 10 12. f ( x ) = 4 x 2 + 20 x − 5

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