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18cse390t U1 s2 Slo1 Content

Geometric primitives are fundamental elements used to describe 3D shapes, including points, lines, and planes, as well as curves, surfaces, and volumes. 2D points and lines can be represented using homogeneous coordinates, which allow for mathematical manipulation and representation of ideal points at infinity. In 3D, planes and lines can also be expressed in homogeneous coordinates, with specific equations governing their relationships to the origin.

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9 views8 pages

18cse390t U1 s2 Slo1 Content

Geometric primitives are fundamental elements used to describe 3D shapes, including points, lines, and planes, as well as curves, surfaces, and volumes. 2D points and lines can be represented using homogeneous coordinates, which allow for mathematical manipulation and representation of ideal points at infinity. In 3D, planes and lines can also be expressed in homogeneous coordinates, with specific equations governing their relationships to the origin.

Uploaded by

Deepa S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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18CSE390T

Computer Vision
U1 - S2 - SLO-1 - Geometric Primitives
Geometric Primitives
• Geometric primitives form the basic building blocks used to describe
3 dimensional shapes.
• The basic primitives are :
• Points
• Lines
• Planes
• Also there are other primitives like:
• Curves
• Surfaces
• Volumes

2
Geometric Primitives
• 2D Point (pixel coordinates in an image) can be denoted using a pair
of values, = ,  or =
• 2D points can also be represented using homogeneous coordinates,
= , , 
• Here, is called 2D projective space.
• A homogeneous vector can be converted back into an in-
homogeneous vector by dividing through by the last element ,

• Homogeneous points whose last element is =0 are called ideal


points or points at infinity and do not have an equivalent in-
homogeneous representation.
3
Geometric Primitives
• 2D Point

4
Geometric Primitives
• 2D Lines can also be represented using homogeneous coordinates,
= , ,
• The corresponding line equation is
• We can normalize the line equation vector so that,

• In this case, is the normal vector perpendicular to the line and d is


its distance to the origin

5
Geometric Primitives
• 2D Lines

• Hough Transform: (Theta,d) representation


• A.k.a Polar coordinate

• 3D Plane

6
Geometric Primitives
• 3D Plane can also be represented as homogeneous coordinates, =
, , , , with a corresponding plane equation

• We can also normalize the plane equation as

• Here, is the normal vector perpendicular to the plane and d is its


distance to the origin

7
Geometric Primitives
• 3D Lines are less elegant than either lines in 2D or planes in 3D
• One possible representation is to use two points on the line: (p, q)
• Any other point (r) on the line can be expressed as a linear
combination of these two points,

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