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Coordinate Geometry Notes

The document provides an overview of coordinate geometry, focusing on the Cartesian system, which includes the Cartesian plane, origin, and the positive and negative directions of the axes. It explains the importance of ordered pairs in defining points uniquely in the plane, the division of the plane into quadrants, and the definitions of abscissa and ordinate. Additionally, it touches on the concept of the mirror image of a point in relation to coordinate geometry.

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12 views2 pages

Coordinate Geometry Notes

The document provides an overview of coordinate geometry, focusing on the Cartesian system, which includes the Cartesian plane, origin, and the positive and negative directions of the axes. It explains the importance of ordered pairs in defining points uniquely in the plane, the division of the plane into quadrants, and the definitions of abscissa and ordinate. Additionally, it touches on the concept of the mirror image of a point in relation to coordinate geometry.

Uploaded by

Gauri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Coordinate Geometry Notes

➤ Cartesian System: The system used to describe the position of a point in a plane.
In this system, two mutually perpendicular lines are required, one is horizontal XOX’
called X-axis and the other is vertical YOY’ called Y-axis.

➤ Cartesian Plane: The plane in cartesian system is called cartesian plane and the
lines in it are called coordinate axes.

➤ Origin: It is the point of intersection of the axes and is denoted by O. Its coordinates
are (0,0).

➤ Positive and Negative Directions:


1. The positive numbers lie in the directions OX and OY are said to be positive
directions of X-axis and Y-axis respectively.
2. The negative numbers lie in the directions OX’ and OY′ are said to be negative
directions of X-axis and Y-axis respectively.

Things to Remember:

1. In stating the coordinates of a point in cartesian plane, the x-coordinate comes first
and then the y-coordinate. We place the coordinates in brackets, i.e., ( x,y).
2. The order of x and y is important in the coordinate (x,y). So, (x,y) is called an
ordered pair.
3. Ordered pair (x,y)≠ Ordered pair (y,x), if x≠y
4. Ordered pair (x,y)= Ordered pair (y,x), if x=y
5. The coordinates describe a point in the plane uniquely.
➤ Quadrants: The coordinate-axes divide the plane into four parts called quadrants,
numbered I, II, III and IV are in anti-clockwise from OX.
The sign of these quadrants are I (,++ ), II (,-+ ), III (,–) and IV (+,-).

➤ Coordinates of a Point: The coordinates of a point M in the cartesian plane is


represented by M(x,y) where x is abscissa and y is ordinate.
1. Abscissa ( x-coordinate) = Perpendicular distance of a point from Y-axis.
2. Ordinate ( y-coordinate) = Perpendicular distance of a point from X-axis.
3. Coordinates of a point on X-axis are (x,0).
4. Coordinates of a point on Y-axis are (0,y).

➤ Mirror Image of a Point: It is just a reflection of that point about the mirror. The
image of different points under different mirrors are:

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